Examples from Unit 3A 1. Which of the following statements illustrates the use of a percentage to describe a fraction? A. So far, we have collected only 12% of the money we need. X B. This year, the number of students increased by 23%. C. Crunchy Os have 35% more fiber than the leading brand. D. The price of scanners has decreased by 28% over the last year. 2. This year, the price of a Gizmo Supreme increased by $6.35. This statement shows the use of which of the following concepts? A. Absolute change X B. Absolute difference C. Relative change D. Relative difference 3. If Alice earns 156% of Wallys salary, how much more does Alice earn than Wally (in percentage terms)? A. 6% B. 50% C. 56% X D. 156% 4. Suppose that the population of a city was 1000 at the beginning of one year. If the population increased by 10% that year and by 7% the following year, what was the population at the end of the two years? A. 1017 B. 1170 C. 1177 X D. 1287 5. If 40% of the students in your class are women and 50% of the women have brown hair, which of the following describes the percentage of the students in your class who are women with brown hair? A. (40% )(50% ) = 20% X B. 50% - 40% = 10% C. 40% + 50% = 90% D. The percentage women cannot be determined from the given information. 6. A political candidate knows that 51% of the voters are Republicans and 39% of the voters support budget cuts. If all of the Republicans and budget cut supporters vote for the candidate, what is the minimum possible percentage of voters who will vote for her? A. 51% X B. 39% C. 45% D. 90% 7. If 578 scientists at a conference comprise 85% of all people at the conference, how many people are at the conference? A. 491 B. 630 C. 650 D. 680 X
8. The after-tax price of a guitar is $340.03. If a 4% sales tax was charged, what was the pre-tax price of the guitar? A. $318.96 B. $326.43 C. $326.95 X D. $353.63 9. Given that a U.S. dollar is worth 1.36 Canadian dollars, how much larger is a U.S. dollar than a Canadian dollar? Answer in percentage terms. A. 36% X B. 43% C. 74% D. 136% 10. The population of a town increased from 35,320 to 82,650 in one decade. What was the percent change of the population? A. 57% B. 134% X C. 234% D. 334%
Examples from Unit 3B 1. Which of the following is equal to 3 10 6? A. three thousandths B. three ten-thousandths C. three hundred-thousandths D. three millionths X 2. Convert 42, 000, 000 to scientific notation. A. 4.2 10 6 B. 4.2 10 7 X C. 4.2 10 8 D. 42 10 6 3. Suppose that you subtract 10 43 10 31. What, approximately, is the answer? A. 10 31 B. 10 12 C. 10 31 D. 10 43 X 4. Which of the following is equal to (7.5 10 3 ) (8.2 10 6 )? A. 6.15 10 8 B. 6.15 10 9 C. 6.15 10 10 X D. 6.15 10 27 5. Calculate (6.3 10 9 ) (3.6 10 3 ). A. 1.75 10 3 B. 1.75 10 6 X C. 1.75 10 7 D. 1.75 10 8 6. Which is the largest number? A. 2.9 billion B. 3021 million C. 3.1 10 9 X D. 8.2 10 11 7. In 2005, Bill Gates donated $ 3, 300, 000, 000 to charity. Assuming you could give $ 10.00 per day, 365 days per year, how many years would it take you to donate this amount? A. 1.3 10 5 years B. 3.8 10 4 years C. 9.0 10 5 years X D. 2.5 10 3 years 8. If one centimeter on a map represents 67 kilometers, what is the scale ratio? A. 1 to 6.7 10 4 B. 1 to 6.7 10 5 C. 1 to 6.7 10 6 X D. 1 to 6.7 10 7 9. If a stack of $5 bills is worth $175 billion, what is the height of the stack in kilometers? Assume each bill is 0.2 millimeters thick. A. 1750 km B. 7000 km X C. 17,500 km D. 35,000 km 10. Herb is 56 years old. Which of the following gives his approximate age in seconds? A. 3.0 10 7 seconds B. 1.8 10 8 seconds C. 3.0 10 9 seconds D. 1.8 10 9 seconds X
Examples from Unit 3C 1. A problem in a math book stated 1 mile = 1.6 km, while the actual conversion (to 4 decimal places) is 1 mile = 1.6093 km. How would you describe the way the conversion was given in the problem in the math book? A. Accurate, but not precise X B. Precise, but not accurate C. Both accurate and precise D. Neither accurate nor precise 2. Which of the following is an example of a systematic error? A. In a written survey, people sometimes make errors in filling out the form. B. A man is measuring times with a stopwatch, but he occasionally stops the watch at the wrong instant. C. A telephone survey will not accurately reflect the opinions of people who do not have telephones. X D. Because people may move or have multiple residences, the census may accidentally count some people twice (or not at all). 3. The actual age of a manuscript is known to be 950 years old. Using scientific methods, an expert estimates that the manuscript is 1000 years old. Find the relative error of his measurement. A. 5.3% X B. 5.0% C. -5.3% D. -5.0% 4. Two students measured the height of a statue whose actual height is 11.600 feet. Joyce reported the height as 11.843 feet, while Peter reported the height as 11.7 feet. Which student reported the height more accurately? Which student reported the height more precisely? A. Joyce was more accurate and more precise. B. Peter was more accurate and more precise. C. Joyce was more accurate, and Peter was more precise. D. Peter was more accurate, and Joyce was more precise. X 5. Round the number 560, 459.76 to the nearest hundred. A. 600,000 B. 560,000 C. 560,460 D. 560,500 X 6. The distance between two flagpoles is given as 1710.0 meters. State the number of significant digits and the implied precision in this number. A. 3 significant digits; nearest 0.1 meter B. 3 significant digits; nearest 10 meters
C. 5 significant digits; nearest 0.1 meter X D. 5 significant digits; nearest 10 meters 7. Write the number 63, 000, 000 in scientific notation with five significant digits. A. 6.30000 10 6 B. 6.3000 10 6 C. 6.30000 10 7 D. 6.3000 10 7 X 8. Find the sum: 5278.31232 + 26.12. Assume that each given number is measured to the indicated precision, and use the rounding rule for addition and subtraction. A. 5304 B. 5304.4 C. 5304.43 X D. 5304.432 9. Find the product: (4.06 10 6 ) (2.333 10 7 ). Assume that each given number is measured to the indicated precision, and use the rounding rule for multiplication and division. A. 9.5 10 13 B. 9.47 10 13 X C. 9.472 10 13 D. 9.470 10 13 10. Divide the area 25.39 square meters by the length 8.26 meters. Assume that each given number is measured to the indicated precision, and use the rounding rule for multiplication and division. A. 3 meters B. 3.1 meters C. 3.07 meters X D. 3.074 meters
Examples from Unit 3D 1. Which quantity provides a simple way to compare measurements made at different times or in different places? A. Reference value B. Index number X C. Rate of inflation D. Price of gasoline 2. Which term refers to the rise of prices and wages over time? A. Consumer Price Index B. Inflation X C. Rate of inflation D. Adjusted value 3. Who computes and reports the Consumer Price Index? A. U.S. Bureau of the Economic Analysis B. New York Stock Exchange C. Wall Street Journal D. U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics X 4. Which price index measures consumer attitudes so that businesses can gauge whether people are likely to be spending or saving? A. Consumer Price Index B. Producer Price Index C. Consumer Confidence Index X D. Health Care Quality Index 5. Which price index represents an average of prices in a sample of more than 60,000 goods, services, and housing costs? A. Consumer Price Index X B. Producer Price Index C. Consumer Confidence Index D. Health Care Quality Index The following table provides information about median incomes in four states for 2005-2006. information to answer Questions 6-8. Use this 20052006 Median Income State Income Index Alabama $36,640 117.6 Arkansas $29,019 93.2 Louisiana $32,566 104.5 Mississippi $31,152 100.0 Source: U.S. Census Bureau 6. Identify the reference value. A. $36,640 B. $29,019 C. $32,566 D. $31,152 X
7. Given that the 20052006 median income for Tennessee was $35,690, find the income index for Tennessee using the reference value from Question 6. A. 87.3 B. 97.4 C. 114.6 X D. 123.0 8. Calculate the income index for Louisiana using the median income from Tennessee as the reference value. A. 81.3 B. 91.2 X C. 97.4 D. 109.6 9. Given that the Consumer Price Index was 144.5 in 2000 and 148.2 in 2001, find the inflation rate from 2000 to 2001. A. 1.89% B. 2.49% C. 2.56% X D. 3.70% 10. The Consumer Price Index was 130.7 in 1997 and 172.8 in 2007. If a person earned $20,500 in 1997, how much did he need to earn in 2000 to maintain the same standard of living? A. $15,505 B. $18,909 C. $27,103 X D. $33,053