Liquidity and Capital Resources

Liquidity and Capital Resources Principles and objectives of financial management Financial management at Daimler consists of capital structure management, cash and liquidity management, pension asset management, market price risk management (foreign exchange rates, interest rates, commodity prices) and credit and financial country risk management. Worldwide financial management is performed within the scope of legal requirements for all Group entities by Treasury. Financial management operates within a framework of guidelines, limits and benchmarks, and is organizationally separate from other financial functions such as settlement, financial controlling, reporting and accounting. Capital structure management designs the capital structure for the Group and its subsidiaries. Decisions regarding the capitalization of financial services companies, as well as production, sales and financing companies, are based on the principles of cost-optimized and risk-optimized liquidity and capital resources. In addition, it is necessary to adhere to various restrictions on capital transactions and on the transfer of capital and currencies. Liquidity management secures the Group s ability to meet its payment obligations at any time. For this purpose, liquidity planning provides information about all cash flows from operating and financial activities in a rolling plan. The resulting financial requirements are covered by the use of appropriate instruments for liquidity management (e.g. bank credits, commercial papers, notes); liquidity surpluses are invested in the money market or the capital market to optimize risk and return. Our goal is to ensure the level of liquidity regarded as necessary at optimal costs. Besides operational liquidity, Daimler keeps additional liquidity reserves which are available in the short term. These additional financial resources include a pool of receivables from the financial services business which are available for securitization in the credit market, as well as a contractually confirmed syndicated credit line in a volume of 7 billion. Cash management determines the Group s cash requirements and surpluses. The number of external bank transactions is minimized by the Group s internal netting of cash requirements and surpluses. Netting is done by means of cash-concentration or cash-pooling procedures. Daimler has established standardized processes and systems to manage its bank accounts, internal cash-clearing accounts and the execution of automated payment transactions. Management of market price risks aims to minimize the impact of fluctuations in foreign exchange rates, interest rates and commodity prices on the results of the divisions and the Group. The Group s overall exposure to these market price risks is determined to provide a basis for hedging decisions, which include the definition of hedging volumes and corresponding periods as well as the selection of hedging instruments. Decisions regarding the management of risks resulting from fluctuations in foreign exchange rates and commodity prices, as well as decisions on asset/liability management (interest rates), are regularly made by the relevant committees. Management of pension assets includes the investment of pension assets to cover the corresponding pension obligations. Pension assets are held in separate pension funds and are thus not available for general business purposes. The funds are allocated to different asset classes such as equities, fixed-interest securities, alternative investments and real estate, depending on the expected development of pension obligations and with the help of a process for risk-return optimization. The performance of asset management is measured by comparing with defined reference indices. Local custodians of the pension funds are responsible for the risk management of the individual pension funds. The Global Pension Committee limits these risks by means of a Group-wide binding guideline with due consideration of applicable laws. Additional information on pension plans and similar obligations is provided in E Note 22 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. 104

3 Management Report Liquidity and Capital Resources The risk volume that is subject to credit risk management includes all of Daimler s worldwide creditor positions with financial institutions, issuers of securities and customers in the financial services business and automotive businesses. Credit risks with financial institutions and issuers of securities arise primarily from investments executed as part of our liquidity management and from trading in derivative financial instruments. The management of these credit risks is mainly based on an internal limit system that reflects the creditworthiness of the respective financial institution or issuer. The credit risk with customers of our automotive businesses relates to contracted dealerships and general agencies, other corporate customers and retail customers. In connection with the export business, general agencies that according to our creditworthiness analysis are not sufficiently creditworthy are generally required to provide collateral such as first-class bank guarantees. The credit risk with end customers in the financial services business is managed by Daimler Financial Services on the basis of a standardized risk management process. In this process, minimum requirements are defined for the sales financing and leasing business and standards are set for credit processes as well as for the identification, measurement and management of risks. Key elements for the management of credit risks are appropriate creditworthiness assessments, supported by statistical analyses and evaluation methods, as well as structured portfolio analysis and monitoring. Financial country risk management includes various aspects: the risk from investments in subsidiaries and joint ventures, the risk from the cross-border financing of Group companies in risk countries, and the risk from direct sales to customers in those countries. A Credit Committee sets country limits for this cross-border financing. Daimler has an internal rating system that divides all countries in which it operates into risk categories. Equity capital transactions in risk countries are hedged against political risks with the use of investmentprotection insurance such as the German government s investment guarantees. Some cross-border receivables due from customers are protected with the use of export-credit insurance, first-class bank guarantees and letters of credit. In addition, a committee sets and restricts the level of hardcurrency credits granted to financial services companies in risk countries. Cash flows Cash provided by operating activities 3.29 of minus 1.1 billion was lower than in the prior year. There were negative effects from the lower net profit before income taxes and the higher volume of new business in the area of leasing and sales financing. The increase in working capital was slightly higher than in the prior year. The comparatively low increase of inventories and the decrease of trade receivables did not fully offset the development of trade payables. Positive effects resulted from lower income-tax payments ( 2.1 billion; 2011: 2.8 billion); the prior year was significantly affected by payments of income taxes for previous years in North America. The year-on-year comparison is also affected by significantly lower contributions to pension funds ( 1.1 billion; 2011: 2.0 billion). 3.29 Condensed consolidated statement of cash flows 2011 12/11 Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year 9,576 10,903-1,327 Net cash from operating activities -1,100-696 -404 Net cash used in investing activities -8,864-6,537-2,327 Net cash from financing activities 11,506 5,842 5,664 Effect of exchange-rate changes on cash and cash equivalents -122 64-186 Cash and cash equivalents at end of year 10,996 9,576 1,420 Additional information on the management of market price risks, credit default and liquidity risks is provided in E Note 31 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. 105

3.30 Free cash flow of the industrial business 2011 12/11 Net cash from operating activities 7,527 7,346 +181 Net cash used in investing activities -8,166-6,263-1,903 s in marketable debt securities 2,699-36 +2,735 Other adjustments -608-58 -550 Free cash flow of the industrial business 1,452 989 +463 3.31 Net liquidity of the industrial business 2011 12/11 Cash and cash equivalents 9,887 8,908 +979 Marketable debt securities 3,841 1,171 +2,670 Liquidity 13,728 10,079 +3,649 Financing liabilities -2,883 2,275-5,158 Market valuation and currency hedges for financing liabilities 663-373 +1,036 Financing liabilities (nominal) -2,220 1,902-4,122 Net liquidity 11,508 11,981-473 3.32 Net debt of the Daimler Group 2011 12/11 Cash and cash equivalents 10,996 9,576 +1,420 Marketable debt securities 5,598 2,281 +3,317 Liquidity 16,594 11,857 +4,737 Financing liabilities -76,251-62,167-14,084 Market valuation and currency hedges for financing liabilities 665-369 +1,034 Financing liabilities (nominal) -75,586-62,536-13,050 Net debt -58,992-50,679-8,313 Cash used for investing activities 3.29 amounted to 8.9 billion (2011: 6.5 billion). The increase compared with the prior year was primarily the result of higher investments in property, plant and equipment and intangible assets. In addition, there were significantly higher overall (net) outflows from purchases and sales of securities carried out in the context of liquidity management. The flows of payments for sales and acquisitions of equity interests led to a net cash inflow in, while acquisitions significantly exceeded sales in the prior year. In, shares in EADS and MBtech Group were sold and Daimler also made capital contributions to Engine Holding and the joint venture of Daimler Trucks in China. Cash flows from financing activities 3.29 resulted in a net cash inflow of 11.5 billion (2011: 5.8 billion), which almost solely reflects new borrowing (net). There was an opposing effect from the higher dividend paid to the share holders of Daimler AG and from the increased dividend payments to shareholders of non-controlling interests of subsidiaries. Cash and cash equivalents increased compared with December 31, 2011 by 1.4 billion, after taking currency translation into account. Total liquidity, which also includes marketable debt securities, rose by 4.7 billion to 16.6 billion. The parameter used by Daimler to measure the financing capability of the Group s industrial activities is the free cash flow of the industrial business 3.30, which is derived from the reported cash flows from operating and investing activities. On that basis, a correction is made in the amount of the cash flows from the acquisition and sale of marketable debt securities included in cash flows from investing activities, as those securities are allocated to liquidity and changes in them are thus not a part of the free cash flow. Other adjustments relate primarily to additions to property, plant and equipment that are allocated to the Group as their beneficial owner due to the form of their underlying lease contracts. Effects from the financing of dealerships within the Group have also been adjusted. Other adjustments include acquisitions of non-controlling interests in subsidiaries, which are reported as part of cash used for financing activities. The free cash flow of the industrial business amounted to 1.5 billion in. The positive profit contributions of the industrial business were offset by the increase in working capital, defined as the net change in inventories, trade receivables and trade payables, with a total amount of 0.8 billion. Positive effects resulted from the sale of trade receivables of companies in the industrial business to Daimler Financial Services. High investments in property, plant and equipment and intangible assets as well as capital contributions to Engine Holding and the joint venture of Daimler Trucks in China led to cash outflows. Other positive effects resulted from the sale of shares in EADS and MBtech Group. In addition, income tax and interest payments reduced the free cash flow of the industrial business. The net liquidity of the industrial business 3.31 is calculated as the total amount as shown in the balance sheet of cash, cash equivalents and marketable debt securities included in liquidity management, less the currency-hedged nominal amounts of financing liabilities. 106

3 Management Report Liquidity and Capital Resources To the extent that the Group s internal refinancing of the financial services business is provided by the companies of the industrial business, this amount is deducted in the calculation of the net debt of the industrial business. Compared with December 31, 2011, the net liquidity of the industrial business decreased by 0.5 billion to 11.5 billion. The reduction was mainly caused by the free cash flow and the payment of the dividend to the shareholders of Daimler AG for the year 2011. Net debt at Group level 3.32, which primarily results from the refinancing of the leasing and sales financing business, increased by 8.3 billion compared with December 31, 2011. The increase was primarily the result of the higher volume of new business in the area of leasing and sales financing and the payment of the dividend for the year 2011. There was also an impact from the positive free cash flow of the industrial business. 3.33 Capital expenditure In billions of euros 5 4 3 2 1 0 3.34 Investment in property, plant and equipment by division 2008 2009 2010 2011 2011 12/11 % change Capital expenditure Renewed increase in investment. 3.33 In the context of our global growth strategy, we want to make good use of the opportunities presented by international automotive markets. This requires substantial capital expenditure on local production facilities, new products and new technologies. In, we therefore once again significantly increased our investment in property, plant and equipment to 4.8 billion (2011: 4.2 billion). Of that total, 3.3 billion was invested in Germany (2011: 2.7 billion). In relation to revenue, investment in property, plant and equipment reached the very high proportion of 4.2% (2011: 3.9%). Daimler Group Mercedes-Benz Cars Daimler Trucks Mercedes-Benz Vans Daimler Buses Daimler Financial Services 4,827 4.2 3,495 5.7 989 3.2 223 2.5 82 2.1 23 0.2 4,158 3.9 2,724 4.7 1,201 4.2 109 1.2 103 2.3 21 0.2 +16 +28-18 +105-20 +10 At Mercedes-Benz Cars, investment in property, plant and equipment increased by 28% to 3.5 billion in. 3.34 One focus was on the expansion of production capacities for our new compact-class models at the Rastatt plant in Germany and at the new plant in Kecskemét, Hungary. In Sindelfingen, we invested in preparations for production of the new S-Class. In Tuscaloosa, USA, and in Bremen, preparations are already under way for production of the new C-Class as of 2014. At Daimler Trucks, the main areas of investment were the new Mercedes-Benz Antos for heavy-duty distribution transport, the new heavy construction-site truck Arocs and various projects for the global harmonization and standardization of engines and other main components and for meeting stricter emission regulations. We also invested in expanding our production capacities in Brazil and in the new plant in India, where trucks of the new BharatBenz brand have been rolling off the production line since mid-. Total investment in property, plant and equipment at Daimler Trucks amounted to 1.0 billion (2011: 1.2 billion). At the Mercedes-Benz Vans division, the focus of investment was on the new Citan small van and the successor generation of the Vito goods van and the Viano passenger van. We also invested in the production and marketing of the Sprinter in Argentina and in the expansion and modernization of the sales organization. The main investments at Daimler Buses in were in new products and the modernization of production facilities. 107

Refinancing The fundings raised by Daimler in the year primarily served to refinance the leasing and sales-financing business. For this purpose, Daimler makes use of a broad spectrum of various financing instruments in different currencies and markets. They include bank credits, commercial papers in the money market and bonds with medium and long maturities. Customer deposits at Mercedes-Benz Bank and the securitization of receivables from customers in the financial services business (asset backed securities, ABS) serve as additional sources of refinancing. Various issue programs are available for raising longer-term funds in the capital market. They include the Euro Medium Term Note program (EMTN) with a total volume of 35 billion, under which several companies of the Group can issue bonds in various currencies. Other capital-market programs smaller than the EMTN program exist in local markets such as South Africa, Mexico, Thailand and Argentina. Capital-market programs allow flexible, repeated access to the capital markets. 3.35 Refinancing instruments Average interest rates in % 2011 Book values 2011 in millions of euros Notes/bonds and liabilities from ABS transactions 1.86 3.17 40,845 29,507 Commercial paper 1.52 1.00 1,768 1,233 Liabilities to financial institutions 3.80 4.16 20,210 19,175 Deposits in the direct banking business 2.13 2.40 12,121 11,035 In, the Group covered its liquidity requirements mainly through the issuance of bonds. A large proportion of those bonds were placed in the form of so-called benchmark emissions (bonds with high nominal volumes) in the US dollar and euro markets. In addition, a large number of smaller bonds were issued in various currencies in the euro market as well as in Canada, South Africa, Mexico, Thailand, Brazil, Argentina and South Korea. The volume of bonds issued breaks down by currency as follows: approximately one third in US dollars, one third in euros and one third in other local currencies. We have thus further diversified our refinancing and further reduced our dependence on individual capital markets. The ongoing high degree of uncertainty in the global financial markets in particular the European sovereign-debt crisis meant that corporate bonds could be placed at attractive conditions by issuers with good ratings. We took the opportunities that were offered and in the framework of our liquidity management tended to raise more funds with longer maturities. Daimler also issued commercial papers in, but in low volumes. In addition to a euro commercial paper program, upon which several European companies can draw, the Group has commercial paper programs in the United States, Canada, Australia, South Africa, Mexico and India, with which we can optimally supplement our local financing. In the year, the Group successfully placed several ABS transactions with investors in the United States. Receivables from customer and dealer financing in a volume of US$5.4 billion were securitized. We also increased an existing ABS transaction in Canada. Another important source of refinancing in were bank credits. Funds were provided not only by large, globally active banks, but increasingly also by a number of smaller banks with more local activities. This allowed us further diversification in bank refinancing. At the end of, Daimler had short and long-term credit lines totaling 33.7 billion (2011: 29.0 billion), of which 12.2 billion was not utilized (2011: 9.3 billion). They included a syndicated credit line arranged in 2010 with a consortium of international banks with a volume of 7 billion and a maturity of five years, which was not utilized. The carrying values of the main refinancing instruments and the weighted average interest rates are shown in table. 3.35 At December 31,, they are mainly denominated in the following currencies: 45% in euros, 25% in US dollars, 5% in Brazilian real, 5% in Japanese yen and 3% in Canadian dollars. At December 31,, the total financial liabilities shown in the consolidated balance sheet amounted to 76,251 million (2011: 62,167 million). Detailed information on the amounts and terms of financing liabilities is provided in E Notes 24 and 31 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. E Note 31 also provides information on the maturities of the other financial liabilities. 108

3 Management Report Liquidity and Capital Resources Credit ratings In the year, there was one change in Daimler s credit ratings. The upgrade of our issuer rating from BBB+ to A- by the Standard & Poor s rating agency in February means that since then Daimler has had comparable credit ratings at the level of A- with all four of the agencies it has engaged. 3.36 On February 23,, Standard & Poor s Ratings Services (S&P) lifted its long-term rating for Daimler AG from BBB+ to A-. At the same time, the short-term rating of A-2 was confirmed. The outlook was assessed as stable. With these actions, S&P stated that it was reacting to the significant improvement in Daimler s financial risk profile over the previous two years, whereby S&P already anticipated reduced dynamism in key sales markets during the rest of the year. In view of the significantly improved financial metrics, S&P assumes that Daimler will be able to maintain the ratings level it has now reached also in the case of a mild recession. In its credit opinions of March 21 and September 21,, Moody s Investors Service (Moody s) affirmed its existing longterm rating of A3. The outlook, which has been positive since August 2011, was also confirmed. Moody s thus recognized the strong position of Mercedes-Benz in the premium automobile segment, our worldwide presence and leading market position for commercial vehicles, and the improvement in the Group s profitability and cash flows since 2010. In its credit assessment, Moody s also considers the challenges posed for Daimler and especially for Mercedes-Benz by stricter emission regulations worldwide and the related technology costs and capital expenditure. DBRS, the Canadian rating agency, confirmed its long-term rating for Daimler and its subsidiaries on October 25, at A (low) with a stable trend. DBRS is of the opinion that with its current financial profile, Daimler is very well positioned in that rating category. The agency assumes that the economic conditions for the car and commercial-vehicle business will generally continue to develop positively and that Daimler can participate successfully in that development. The Group s current high levels of investment should help to strengthen its long-term profitability. The short-term ratings of all four rating agencies remained unchanged in. 3.36 Credit ratings End of End of 2011 Long-term credit ratings Standard & Poor s A- BBB+ Moody s A3 A3 Fitch A- A- DBRS A (low) A (low) Short-term credit ratings Standard & Poor s A-2 A-2 Moody s P-2 P-2 Fitch F2 F2 DBRS R-1 (low) R-1 (low) On June 5,, Fitch Ratings (Fitch) also confirmed the existing long-term issuer rating of A- with a stable outlook, with reference to our sound financial metrics, our leading position in relevant markets, and long-term growth prospects for both cars and commercial vehicles. Fitch is of the opinion that the business fluctuations typical of the trucks business in connection with economic cycles are a factor limiting Daimler s rating prospects. On the other hand, Daimler Trucks will profit from the new products launched since the year 2011. 109