Statistics Luigi Scarpa de Masellis

Statistics 2004 Luigi Scarpa de Masellis

Statistics Table of Contents Statistics 2004 Table 1 Table 2 Table 3 Table 4 Table 5 Table 6 Table 7 Table 8 Table 9 Table 10 Canada and Other High Human Development Economies: Selected Indicators (2001) 87 The Developing Countries: Selected Social and Economic Indicators (2001) 89 Canadian Official Development Assistance: Basic Data (2001-2002) 93 Canadian Bilateral Official Development Assistance by Channel and by Country (2001-2002) 97 Canadian Bilateral Official Development Assistance by Sector (2001-2002) 101 Canadian Technical Assistance to Developing Countries (2001) 103 Canadian Multilateral Official Development Assistance by Agency and by Country (2001-2002) 105 Canadian Merchandise Trade Relations with Developing Countries (2001-2002) 109 Canadian Balance of Trade with Developing Countries (2002) 113 Finance and Investment Flows between Canada and Developing Countries (2002) 117 Table 11 Immigration to Canada from Selected Countries (2000-2002) 121 Technical Notes 123

Canadian Development Report 2004 Table 1 Canada and Other High Human Development Economies (2001) Human Development Index The UNDP Human Development Index (HDI) is a composite measure of the overall quality of life in a particular country. The index is based on three indices of the level of social wellbeing: GDP per capita, life expectancy at birth, and educational attainment (reflecting literacy rates and enrolment ratios). The Gender-Related Development Index (GDI) adjusts the HDI for inequalities between men and women. In 2001, Canada s quality of life continued to decline, relative to other industrialized countries. Based upon the UNDP s 2003 Human Development Report, Canada drops from third to eighth place in 2001 with an index of 0.937, behind Norway (0.944), Iceland (0.942), Sweden (0.941), Australia (0.939), Netherlands (0.938), Belgium (0.937) and the United States (0.937). Canada s dramatic downward slide appears to be due to a decline in school enrolment ratios. With respect to GDI, Canada is better placed in sixth position with an index of 0.934. Official Development Assistance and Private Financial Flows Total Official Development Assistance (ODA) flows from OECD countries to developing countries slightly declined from US$53.7 billion in 2000 to US$52.3 billion in 2001, reflecting a 0.5 per cent decrease in real terms. This minor fall in total ODA was mainly the result of a decline in the exchange rates of some currencies against the US dollar. The United States increased its ODA to US$11.4 billion and became, once again, the world s largest donor, a position Japan has held since 1992. However, the US ODA/GNI ratio of 0.11 per cent is still the lowest of all 22 Development Assistance Committee (DAC) Member Countries. Japan remains the second largest donor, losing first place essentially because of the depreciating yen. The average ratio of ODA to Gross National Income (GNI) remained unchanged at 0.22 per cent in 2001 (see Figure 1.1). Canada s ODA declined in real terms by 9.4 per cent while its ODA/GNI ratio slipped from 0.25 to 0.22 per cent, ranking it 19th out of the 22 DAC Member Countries. While Canada s rank hovers exactly on the average, it is once again clearly below comparable donors in size such as Denmark, Norway, the Netherlands, and Sweden (1.03, 0.83, 0.82, and 0.81 per cent, respectively) and again Figure 1.1 Net ODA as Percentage of GNI of the DAC Members (2001) 1.20 1.00 0.80 0.60 0.40 0.20 0.00 Denmark (1.03) (0.83) (0.82) (0.82) (0.81) (0.37) (0.34) (0.33) (0.32) (0.32) (0.32) (0.30) (0.29) (0.27) (0.25) (0.25) (0.25) (0.23) (0.22) (0.17) (0.15) (0.11) (0.22) Norway Netherlands Luxembourg Sweden Belgium Switzerland Ireland France United Kingdom Finland Spain Austria Germany Australia New Zealand Portugal Japan Canada Greece Italy United States Total DAC below the majority of the G-7 countries with the exception of Italy (0.15) and the United States (0.11). The above mentioned Nordic countries plus Luxembourg are the only economies meeting the United Nations ODA/GNI target of 0.7 per cent. However, donor countries did commit to increasing their ODA to developing countries in the context of the International Conference on Financing for Development held in Monterrey in March 2002. In particular, European Union members committed to increase their collective ODA/GNI ratio to 0.39 by 2006 as a step toward reaching the UN target of 0.7 per cent. DAC countries have committed to raise their ODA/GNI level to 0.24 per cent by 2006. Canada will double its ODA (in current Canadian dollars) by 2010 by progressively increasing its aid budget by 8 per cent every year. These pledges will undoubtedly foster a recovery in development aid over the next few years. Global private capital flows (in nominal terms) declined again drastically in 2001. In 1999, total flows amounted to US$110.4 billion. In 2000, total flows amounted to US$74.5 billion, but in 2001 dropped to US$49.1 billion. In line with this decline, private capital flows from Canada to developing countries shifted from US$4.6 billion in 2000 to a negative US$12 million in 2001. 86

Statistics Table 1 Canada and Other High Human Development Economies (2001) Selected indicators of relations with developing countries Net Private Percent Share Financial UNDP Change ODA/GNI Multi- Share of Share of Total Flows to UNDP Gender- Over Rank lateral Net ODA of Total Imports Developing Human Related GNI Per Total Previous Among Share as Grant to Low Exports to from Countries Development Development Capita Net ODA Year ODA/GNI DAC % of Share of Income Developing Developing (long-term) Index Index (PPP$) (US$ millions) (real terms) Ratio Countries Net ODA Total ODA Countries Countries Countries (US$ millions) Country 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Canada 0.937 0.934 26,530 1,533-9.4 0.22 19 21.7 100.0 69.8 5.3 16.6-12 Australia 0.939 0.938 24,630 873-4.0 0.25 15 24.3 100.0 60.5 49.0 38.9 43 Austria 0.929 0.924 26,380 533 27.3 0.29 13 35.8 76.7 67.6 25.1 21.5 279 Bahamas 0.812 0.811 15,680 na na na na na na na 13.3 33.0 na Barbados 0.888 0.885 15,110 na na na na na na na 48.6 31.0 na Belgium 0.937 0.931 26,150 867 6.9 0.37 6 42.1 98.0 70.9 14.8 17.5-712 Cyprus 0.891 0.886 21,110 na na na na na na na 32.8 47.2 na Denmark 0.930 0.928 28,490 1,634-1.6 1.03 1 36.7 99.0 76.1 15.9 17.3 998 Finland 0.930 0.928 24,030 389 5.7 0.32 10 42.4 99.7 67.9 28.7 23.6 915 France 0.925 0.923 24,080 4,198 3.6 0.32 11 38.2 88.7 57.3 22.8 19.5 12,168 Germany 0.921 0.924 25,240 4,990 0.8 0.27 14 42.8 87.8 58.1 25.2 28.6 737 Greece 0.892 0.886 17,520 202-10.0 0.17 20 58.9 99.4 23.7 47.6 36.8 ~ Iceland 0.942 0.940 28,850 ~ ~ ~ na ~ ~ ~ 7.8 17.4 ~ Ireland 0.930 0.923 27,170 287 20.4 0.33 8 35.5 100.0 80.1 10.9 12.3 347 Israel 0.905 0.900 19,630 na na na na na na na 24.7 18.4 na Italy 0.916 0.910 24,530 1,627 18.6 0.15 21 72.8 97.1 62.9 28.4 30.7-1,903 Japan 0.932 0.926 25,550 9,847-16.6 0.23 18 24.3 51.8 70.1 48.8 60.7 5,380 Luxembourg 0.930 0.920 15,060 141 16.1 0.82 4 24.8 100.0 62.6 6.4 11.0 ~ Netherlands 0.938 0.934 48,560 3,172-0.5 0.82 3 29.9 100.0 70.5 12.4 28.9-6,886 New Zealand 0.917 0.914 27,390 112 1.6 0.25 16 24.1 100.0 59.5 36.0 29.3 16 Norway 0.944 0.941 18,250 1,346 6.8 0.83 2 30.2 99.7 67.1 8.2 17.6-71 Portugal 0.896 0.892 29,340 268-2.5 0.25 17 31.7 93.8 85.7 10.3 16.5 1,503 Singapore 0.884 0.880 17,710 na na na na na na na 59.4 53.1 na South Korea 0.879 0.873 22,850 ~ ~ ~ na ~ ~ ~ 51.3 48.0 ~ Spain 0.918 0.912 19,860 1,737 43.9 0.30 12 33.9 80.1 55.7 20.7 26.3 9,640 Sweden 0.941 0.940 23,800 1,666 2.4 0.81 5 27.7 99.3 68.6 20.0 15.8 1,394 Switzerland 0.932 0.927 30,970 908 0.1 0.34 7 29.0 97.8 68.7 22.0 13.8-1,252 United Kingdom 0.930 0.928 24,340 4,579 4.4 0.32 9 42.7 97.7 73.6 18.8 24.1 4,669 United States 0.937 0.935 34,280 11,429 12.4 0.11 22 27.5 99.2 58.8 44.4 49.1 21,864 Average or Total 0.927 0.924 27,911 52,336 0.5 0.22 33.1 85.4 65.2 26.2 27.7 49,117 Sources: UNDP, Human Development Report 2003 World Bank, World Development Indicators 2003 OECD, Development Assistance Committee (DAC), The DAC Journal: Development Co-operation Report 2002 IMF, Direction of Trade Statistics Yearbook 2002 87

Canadian Development Report 2004 Table 2 The Developing Countries: Selected Social and Economic Indicators (2001) Human Development Index In 2001, the average HDI for all developing countries was 0.654. As in past years, quality of life conditions were significantly above the average in Eastern Europe (0.791) and the Americas (0.783), marginally above the average in Asia (0.656), and significantly below the average in Africa (0.501). This last figure is not surprising, considering that 33 of the 49 Least Developed Countries (LDCs) are situated in Africa. Quality of life conditions vary significantly between world regions and also within regions. In Africa, the HDI ranges from 0.275 for Sierra Leone to 0.783 for Libya. In Asia, the range is from 0.470 for Yemen to 0.790 for Malaysia. In the Americas, the index ranges from 0.497 for Haiti to 0.849 for Argentina. Finally, in Eastern Europe, the range is smaller, from 0.700 for Moldova to 0.881 for Slovenia. In terms of income-based country groupings, LDCs had an average HDI of 0.440 (0.438 in 2000), while the other low-income countries registered 0.592 (0.586 in 2000) and the remaining countries 0.750 (0.732 in 2000). It is to be noted that the majority of countries show little variation in the HDI figures from one year to another and a longer-term comparison would better highlight progress or decline. Figure 2.1 highlights these aggregate HDI levels. External Debt/GNI and Aid/GNI Many developing countries, especially in Africa and South Asia, still show external debt/gni ratios of above 100 per cent. In 2001, the LDCs, most of whom fall into the category of Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPCs), experienced, in aggregate, external debt/gni ratios of 118.0 per cent (130.1 per cent in 2000) compared to 77.6 per cent (95.7 in 2000) for the other low-income countries and 51.9 per cent (51.3 in 2000) for the remaining developing countries. This represents an important improvement in the levels of general indebtedness from last year. In terms of world regions, Africa showed on average an external debt/gni ratio of 118.5 per cent (117.9 per cent in 2000), again clearly above the Americas at 58.6 per cent (65.8), Asia at 62.1 per cent (64.3), and Eastern Europe at 50.6 per cent (55.9) whose ratios are roughly comparable. The average for all developing countries was 82.4 per cent. Figure 2.1 Human Development Index (2001) 0.800 0.700 0.600 0.500 0.400 0.300 0.200 0.100 0.000 (0.440) LDCs (0.592) Other Low Income Countries Figure 2.2 Total Debt Service/GNI and Aid/GNI (2001) 18.0 16.0 14.0 12.0 10.0 8.0 6.0 4.0 2.0 0.0 (3.0) LDCs (15.7) (4.1) (5.5) Other Low Income Countries Aid/GNI Most of the indebted countries are compelled to service their debts. In 2001, debt servicing absorbed 3.0 per cent of LDCs GNI, diverting scarce resources from social and investment expenditures. This was more than offset by aid flows (see Figure 2.2). For other low-income countries, however, aid barely matched debt servicing and in the case of the remaining countries, debt servicing outweighed aid. Total debt service/gni 1 and aid/gni ratios are also highlighted in Figure 2.2. Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators 2003 (0.750) Remaining Countries Total Debt Service/GNI (7.3) (2.1) Remaining Countries 88

Statistics Table 2 The Developing Countries: Selected Social and Economic Indicators (2001) GDP/Capita Under-5 UNDP Gender- Growth Adult Mortality UNDP Human Related Average Over Literacy Rate External Development Development GNI Per GDP Previous Year Population Rate (per 1,000 Debt/GNI Index Index Capita (PPP$) (US$ millions) (%) (millions) (%) live births) (%) Aid/GNI (%) Country 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 AFRICA Algeria 0.704 0.687 5,160 54,925 0.6 30.8 67.8 49 44.0 0.3 Angola 0.377 ~ 1,510 9,471 0.3 13.5 42.0 260 122.0 3.4 Benin 0.411 0.395 990 2,372 2.3 6.4 38.6 158 71.0 11.6 Botswana 0.614 0.611 7,530 5,196 5.1 1.7 78.1 110 8.0 0.6 Burkina Faso 0.330 0.317 970 2,486 3.1 11.6 24.8 197 60.0 15.7 Burundi 0.337 0.331 590 689 1.3 6.9 49.2 190 157.0 19.3 Cameroon 0.499 0.488 1,590 8,591 3.1 15.2 72.4 155 104.0 4.9 Cape Verde 0.727 0.719 4,630 564 0.6 0.4 74.9 38 62.0 13.6 Central African Republic 0.363 0.352 1,150 968 0.1 3.8 48.2 180 85.0 7.9 Chad 0.376 0.366 920 1,600 5.5 7.9 44.2 200 79.9 11.3 Comoros 0.528 0.521 1,620 221-0.5 0.6 56.0 79 110.0 12.4 Congo, Dem. Rep. of 0.363 0.353 580 5,187-4.6 52.4 62.7 205 239.0 5.3 Congo, Rep. of 0.502 0.496 690 2,788 0.8 3.1 81.8 108 235.0 3.8 Côte d Ivoire 0.396 0.376 1,460 10,735-2.4 16.4 49.7 175 118.0 1.9 Djibouti 0.462 ~ 2,060 576-0.4 0.6 65.5 143 44.0 9.4 Egypt 0.648 0.634 3,640 98,476 1.6 65.2 56.1 41 29.0 1.3 Equatorial Guinea 0.664 ~ 5,680 1,846-1.3 0.5 84.2 153 53.0 2.9 Eritrea 0.446 0.434 880 688 6.9 4.2 56.7 111 60.0 40.9 Ethiopia 0.359 0.347 690 6,240 5.2 65.8 40.3 172 92.0 17.5 Gabon 0.653 ~ 5,250 4,334 0.0 1.3 71.0 90 91.0 0.2 Gambia 0.463 0.457 1,730 390 3.0 1.3 37.8 126 128.0 13.3 Ghana 0.567 0.564 1,940 5,301 1.9 19.7 72.7 100 132.0 12.6 Guinea 0.425 ~ 1,930 3,034 1.5 7.6 41.0 169 112.0 9.2 Guinea-Bissau 0.373 0.353 790 199-2.0 1.2 39.6 211 365.0 32.0 Kenya 0.489 0.488 980 11,396-1.0 30.7 83.3 122 52.0 4.0 Lesotho 0.510 0.497 2,620 797 2.6 2.1 83.9 132 60.0 5.5 Liberia ~ ~ ~ 523 2.6 3.2 54.8 235 449.0 8.3 Libya 0.783 ~ ~ ~ ~ 5.4 80.8 19 ~ ~ Madagascar 0.468 0.467 840 4,604 3.0 16.0 67.3 136 92.0 7.8 Malawi 0.387 0.378 570 1,749-3.5 10.5 61.0 183 152.0 23.4 Mali 0.337 0.327 780 2,647-0.8 11.1 26.4 231 115.0 13.9 Mauritania 0.454 0.445 1,690 1,007 1.4 2.7 40.7 183 220.0 26.6 Mauritius 0.779 0.770 10,120 4,526 5.5 1.2 84.8 19 38.0 0.5 Morocco 0.606 0.590 3,560 33,876 4.8 29.2 49.8 44 51.0 1.6 Mozambique 0.356 0.341 ~ 3,569 11.4 18.1 45.2 197 134.0 28.2 Namibia 0.627 0.622 6,530 3,100 0.7 1.8 82.7 67 ~ 3.4 Niger 0.292 0.279 770 1,945 3.7 11.2 16.5 265 80.0 12.9 Nigeria 0.463 0.450 790 42,674 0.6 129.9 65.4 183 81.0 0.5 Rwanda 0.422 0.416 1,130 1,703 3.7 7.9 68.0 183 76.0 17.3 São Tomé and Principe 0.639 ~ ~ 47 0.9 0.2 83.1 74 746.0 90.6 Senegal 0.430 0.420 1,500 4,636 3.2 9.8 38.3 138 76.0 9.2 Seychelles 0.840 ~ ~ 570-9.4 0.1 91.0 17 39.0 2.4 Sierra Leone 0.275 ~ 470 749 3.3 5.1 36.0 316 163.0 45.8 Somalia ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 9.1 24.0 225 ~ ~ South Africa 0.684 0.678 9,590 114,174 1.8 43.2 85.6 71 22.0 0.4 Sudan 0.503 0.483 1,550 12,525 4.9 31.7 58.8 107 137.0 1.5 Swaziland 0.547 0.536 4,500 1,255-0.6 1.1 80.3 149 24.0 2.3 Tanzania 0.400 0.396 530 9,341 3.4 34.5 76.0 165 72.0 13.3 Togo 0.501 0.483 1,410 1,259-0.1 4.7 58.4 141 114.0 3.8 Tunisia 0.740 0.727 6,190 19,990 3.7 9.7 72.1 27 57.0 2.0 Uganda 0.444 0.483 1,260 5,675 2.0 22.8 68.0 124 67.0 14.1 Zambia 0.386 0.376 760 3,639 2.9 10.3 79.0 202 162.0 10.7 Zimbabwe 0.496 0.489 2,260 9,057-9.8 12.8 89.3 123 43.0 1.8 Total Africa 0.501 0.493 2,159 523,910 1.7 783.6 62.8 149 118.5 11.8 89

Canadian Development Report 2004 Table 2 (continued) GDP/Capita Under-5 UNDP Gender- Growth Adult Mortality UNDP Human Related Average Over Literacy Rate External Development Development GNI Per GDP Previous Year Population Rate (per 1,000 Debt/GNI Index Index Capita (PPP$) (US$ millions) (%) (millions) (%) live births) (%) Aid/GNI (%) Country 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 AMERICAS Antigua and Barbuda 0.798 ~ 9,690 682-0.5 0.1 86.6 14 ~ 1.3 Argentina 0.849 0.839 11,200 268,831-5.6 37.5 96.9 19 52.0 0.1 Belize 0.776 0.756 5,240 805 2.1 0.2 93.4 40 97.0 2.9 Bolivia 0.672 0.663 2,280 7,969-1.0 8.5 86.0 77 60.0 9.4 Brazil 0.777 0.770 7,180 508,994 0.1 172.4 87.3 36 47.0 0.1 Chile 0.831 0.821 9,030 66,450 1.5 15.4 95.9 12 60.0 0.1 Colombia 0.779 0.774 5,830 82,411-0.3 43.0 91.9 23 46.0 0.5 Costa Rica 0.832 0.824 8,130 16,382-0.6 3.9 95.7 11 29.0 0.0 Cuba 0.806 ~ ~ ~ ~ 11.2 96.8 9 ~ ~ Dominica 0.776 ~ 4,940 259-4.7 0.1 96.4 15 88.0 8.3 Dominican Republic 0.737 0.727 5,680 21,211 1.1 8.5 84.0 47 25.0 0.5 Ecuador 0.731 0.716 3,070 21,024 3.2 12.9 91.8 30 86.0 0.9 El Salvador 0.719 0.707 4,520 13,739-0.1 6.4 79.2 39 35.0 1.7 Grenada 0.738 ~ 6,400 398-6.0 0.1 94.4 25 58.0 3.1 Guatemala 0.652 0.638 3,880 20,804-0.5 11.7 69.2 58 25.0 1.1 Guyana 0.740 0.730 3,770 699 0.8 0.8 98.6 72 221.0 15.9 Haiti 0.467 0.462 1,620 3,737-3.8 8.1 50.8 123 33.0 4.4 Honduras 0.667 0.656 2,450 6,399 0.7 6.6 75.6 38 81.0 10.8 Jamaica 0.757 0.750 3,520 7,784 1.1 2.6 87.3 20 68.0 0.7 Mexico 0.800 0.790 8,540 623,890-1.6 99.4 91.4 29 26.0 0.0 Nicaragua 0.643 0.636 ~ ~ ~ 5.2 66.8 43 ~ ~ Panama 0.788 0.781 5,870 12,059-1.1 2.9 92.1 25 86.0 0.2 Paraguay 0.751 0.739 4,620 6,848 0.4 5.4 93.5 30 39.0 0.9 Peru 0.752 0.734 4,590 54,218-1.0 26.3 90.2 39 52.0 0.9 St Kitts and Nevis 0.808 ~ 10,360 343-0.7 0.0 97.8 24 61.0 3.4 St Lucia 0.775 ~ 5,040 662-4.6 0.2 90.2 19 38.0 2.6 St Vincent/Grenadines 0.755 ~ 5,070 349-0.6 0.1 88.9 25 59.0 2.6 Suriname 0.762 ~ ~ 757 5.2 0.4 94.0 32 ~ 3.4 Trinidad and Tobago 0.802 0.796 8,450 9,146 2.6 1.3 98.4 20 29.0 0.0 Uruguay 0.834 0.830 13,450 18,561-4.1 3.4 97.6 16 53.0 0.1 Venezuela 0.775 0.767 5,640 126,197 0.9 24.6 92.8 22 28.0 0.0 Total Americas 0.783 0.773 7,079 1,901,608-0.7 513.2 90.0 33 58.6 2.6 ASIA Afghanistan ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 27.2 36.0 257 ~ ~ Armenia 0.729 0.727 2,680 2,118 10.4 3.1 98.5 35 46.0 9.7 Azerbaijan 0.744 ~ 2,640 5,718 9.0 8.1 97.0 96 23.0 4.2 Bangladesh 0.502 0.495 1,670 46,997 3.5 133.3 40.6 77 33.0 2.1 Bhutan 0.511 ~ ~ 528 4.0 0.8 47.0 95 48.0 12.6 Cambodia 0.556 0.551 1,540 3,411 4.2 12.3 68.7 138 82.0 12.4 China 0.721 0.718 4,070 1,159,025 6.5 1271.9 85.8 39 15.0 0.1 East Timor ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Georgia 0.746 ~ 2,070 3,199 5.5 5.2 100.0 29 54.0 9.0 India 0.590 0.574 2,480 481,440 3.8 1032.4 58.0 93 21.0 0.4 Indonesia 0.682 0.677 2,900 141,255 2.1 209.0 87.3 45 97.0 1.1 Iran 0.719 0.702 6,040 114,052 3.4 64.5 77.1 42 7.0 0.1 Iraq ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 23.8 39.7 133 ~ ~ Jordan 0.743 0.729 3,960 8,829 1.3 5.0 90.3 33 85.0 4.9 Kazakhstan 0.765 0.763 4,940 22,152 14.7 14.9 99.4 99 68.0 0.7 Kyrgyzstan 0.727 ~ 1,530 1,525 4.5 5.0 97.0 61 118.0 12.9 Laos 0.525 0.518 1,560 1,750 3.3 5.4 65.6 100 149.0 14.6 Lebanon 0.752 0.737 4,460 16,709 0.0 4.4 86.5 32 71.0 1.4 Malaysia 0.790 0.784 8,060 88,050-1.8 23.8 87.9 8 54.0 0.0 Maldives 0.751 ~ ~ 625 1.1 0.3 97.0 77 43.0 4.3 Mongolia 0.661 0.659 1,600 1,017 0.1 2.4 98.5 76 86.0 20.5 Myanmar (Burma) 0.549 ~ ~ ~ 8.4 48.3 85.0 109 ~ ~ Nepal 0.499 0.479 1,380 5,563 2.3 23.6 42.9 91 47.0 6.7 90

Statistics GDP/Capita Under-5 UNDP Gender- Growth Adult Mortality UNDP Human Related Average Over Literacy Rate External Development Development GNI Per GDP Previous Year Population Rate (per 1,000 Debt/GNI ASIA (continued) Index Index Capita (PPP$) (US$ millions) (%) (millions) (%) live births) (%) Aid/GNI (%) Country 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 North Korea ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 22.4 100.0 55 ~ ~ Pakistan 0.499 0.469 1,890 58,648 0.3 141.5 44.0 109 55.0 3.4 Philippines 0.751 0.748 4,150 71,382 1.0 78.3 95.1 38 69.0 0.8 Sri Lanka 0.730 0.726 3,310 15,662-2.8 18.7 91.9 19 52.0 2.1 Syria 0.685 0.668 3,210 19,495 0.3 16.6 75.3 28 113.0 0.8 Tajikistan 0.677 0.673 830 1,056 9.3 6.2 99.3 116 106.0 15.5 Thailand 0.768 0.766 6,340 115,310 1.2 61.2 95.7 28 60.0 0.2 Turkey 0.734 0.726 5,730 145,244-9.0 68.5 85.5 43 60.0 0.1 Turkmenistan 0.748 ~ 4,030 5,962 17.2 5.4 98.0 87 ~ 1.2 Uzbekistan 0.729 0.727 1,530 11,401 2.9 25.1 99.2 68 42.0 1.4 Vietnam 0.688 0.687 2,100 32,902 5.5 79.5 92.7 38 38.0 4.4 West Bank and Gaza 0.731 ~ ~ 3,396-16.8 3.1 89.2 25 ~ 19.1 Yemen 0.470 0.424 740 9,098-1.3 18.0 46.3 107 58.0 5.0 Total Asia 0.656 0.651 3,324 2,593,519 4.2 3,466.7 73.7 65 62.1 5.5 EASTERN EUROPE Albania 0.735 0.732 3,870 4,114 5.5 3.2 85.3 25 26.0 6.3 Belarus 0.804 0.803 5,030 12,407 5.1 10.0 99.7 20 7.0 0.3 Bosnia Herzegovina 0.777 ~ 5,620 4,801 2.4 4.1 93.0 18 45.0 12.7 Bulgaria 0.795 0.794 6,480 13,553 6.8 7.9 98.5 16 73.0 2.6 Croatia 0.818 0.814 9,210 19,534 3.8 4.4 98.4 8 54.0 0.6 Czech Republic 0.861 0.857 14,100 57,243 3.6 10.2 99.0 5 39.0 0.6 Estonia 0.833 0.831 10,400 5,525 5.5 1.4 99.8 12 54.0 1.3 Hungary 0.837 0.834 12,290 51,833 3.1 10.2 99.3 9 60.0 0.8 Latvia 0.811 0.810 8,290 7,663 8.5 2.4 99.8 21 75.0 1.4 Lithuania 0.824 0.823 9,180 11,874 7.3 3.5 99.6 9 44.0 1.1 Macedonia, FYR 0.784 ~ 6,160 3,437-4.9 2.0 94.0 26 42.0 7.3 Moldova 0.700 0.697 1,440 1,479 6.3 4.3 99.0 32 77.0 7.5 Poland 0.841 0.839 9,940 183,028 1.0 38.6 99.7 9 36.0 0.5 Romania 0.773 0.771 5,970 39,714 5.4 22.4 98.2 21 30.0 1.6 Russian Federation 0.779 0.774 7,410 309,951 5.6 144.8 99.6 21 51.0 0.4 Serbia and Montenegro ~ ~ ~ 11,577 5.4 10.7 98.0 19 108.0 11.3 Slovak Republic 0.836 0.834 11,600 20,459 3.2 5.4 100.0 9 55.0 0.8 Slovenia 0.881 0.879 17,070 18,810 2.8 2.0 99.6 5 ~ 0.7 Ukraine 0.766 0.761 4,380 38,009 10.0 49.1 99.6 20 35.0 1.4 Total Eastern Europe 0.791 0.787 7,469 815,011 5.4 336.4 99.2 18 50.6 3.1 Total Developing Countries 0.654 0.641 3,801 5,834,048 3.4 5,099.9 76.5 71 82.4 7.0 Of which: LDCs 0.440 0.389 1,141 153,108 3.0 663.3 51.7 150 118.0 15.7 Other Low Income Countries 0.592 0.576 2,311 880,907 3.2 1,841.4 66.1 92 77.6 5.5 Remaining Countries 0.750 0.746 5,453 4,800,033 3.7 2,595.1 87.8 37 51.9 2.1 Total High Human Development Countries 0.927 0.924 27,911 24,155,120 0.3 916.1 99.0 6 na na Sources: UNDP, Human Development Report 2003 World Bank, World Development Indicators 2003 Note: Bold-italicized countries are not ODA eligible (see Technical Notes) but official assistance (OA) to these countries was used in constructing Column 10. 91

Canadian Development Report 2004 Table 3 Canadian Official Development Assistance: Basic Data (2001-2002) In the 2001-02 fiscal year, Canadian bilateral aid disbursements accounted for C$2,024.27 million or 69.9 per cent of total ODA, while multilateral disbursements accounted for C$873.27 million or 30.1 per cent. Although these disbursements remained virtually unchanged in terms of volume and channel allocation, as pointed out in Table 1, Canada s total aid declined again from 0.25 per cent of GNI in 2000 to 0.22 per cent in 2001. In 2002, however, the ratio climbed back to 0.28 per cent, confirming Canada s renewed pledges to developing countries. 1 The longer-term trend of declining ODA/GNI ratio reflects a decline in real terms in the absolute amounts of Canadian aid since the mid-1980s. As Table 2 shows, from 1991 to 2001, bilateral ODA fell annually by 4.1 per cent for Africa, 3.0 per cent for the Americas, and 4.0 per cent for Asia. In terms of country groupings by income, bilateral ODA declined annually by 3.2 per cent for LDCs, 1.0 per cent for other low-income countries, and 4.8 per cent for the remaining countries. In 2001, LDCs obtained a 30.2 per cent share of Canadian bilateral aid (C$393.52 million) compared to 29.5 per cent in 1991 (C$542.27 million in current prices) but a higher, 40.9 per cent, share of Canadian aid via multilateral organizations. The relatively low share of bilateral disbursements to LDCs confirms Canada s broad range of aid commitments and geographical interests (see Figure 3.1). Canada s geographical dispersion of aid has been a long-standing issue. CIDA has had aid programs in 30 core countries but has been involved in as many as 100 countries. In December 2002, CIDA announced as part of its new strategy, Canada Making a Difference in the World: a Policy Statement on Strengthening Aid Effectiveness, that it would focus its development cooperation program on nine countries: Bangladesh, Bolivia, Ethiopia, Ghana, Honduras, Mali, Mozambique, Senegal, and Tanzania. Canadian aid will continue to be available for other countries, but the greater share of incremental funding coming into the Agency will be allocated to these nine countries. These countries presently receive C$216.62 million or 16.6 per cent of bilateral aid. This share should increase as a result of the new policy. Also, the government committed in the 2003 Budget to contribute half of all future increases in Canadian international assistance to Africa. Figure 3.1 Total Canadian Bilateral Allocated ODA (2001-02) C$ millions 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 (393.52) LDCs (372.30) Other Low Income Countries In 2001-02, Canada s bilateral and multilateral disbursements to the top 10 recipient countries accounted for 39.3 per cent (C$741.66 million) of the total allocated. Of these 10 countries, six are located in Asia (Afghanistan, Bangladesh, China, India, Pakistan, and Vietnam), two in Eastern Europe (Poland and ex-yugoslavia), and two in Africa (Cameroon and Ethiopia). Recently, Canada s aid relationship with India has seen a radical transformation. India has decided to end its status as an aid recipient from Canada, as well as other developed countries, in order to enhance its stature in the global community. This represents a significant achievement and other more advanced developing countries such as China might be close to graduating from aid on the basis of their considerable socio-economic and technological progress in recent years. Figure 3.1 shows how Canadian bilateral aid flows are allocated to different groups of countries based on income classification. The largest flows are still directed to the remaining countries (C$538.88 million) and not to the LDCs (C$393.52 million) and the other low-income countries (C$372.30 million), underlining the characteristic lack of concentration on the poorest countries. 1 OECD, DAC press release, April 22, 2003. (538.88) Remaining Countries 92

Statistics Table 3 Canadian Official Development Assistance: Basic Data (2001-2002) (In millions of Canadian dollars) Bilateral Rank of Rank of Recipient Canada Among Country for Real % DAC Bilateral Total Total Total Canadian Aid Total Total Change Per Donors in Multilateral Canadian Aid (including multilateral) Bilateral Bilateral Year Recipient Country (all agencies) (all sources) (if in top 50) 2001-02 1991-92 1991-2001 2001 2001-02 2001-02 2001-02 (2001 prices) Country 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 AFRICA Algeria 1.19 4.40-12.24 14 0.33 1.52 Angola 5.69 5.83-0.25 14 2.30 7.99 Benin 5.36 3.77 3.58 9 5.44 10.80 47 Botswana 0.42 3.55-19.20 10 1.18 1.60 Burkina Faso 14.97 25.99-5.37 10 6.98 21.95 28 Burundi 5.67 3.34 5.43 9 1.85 7.52 Cameroon 92.07 39.79 8.75 9 4.21 96.28 2 Cape Verde 0.37 0.35 0.50 10 1.58 1.95 Central African Republic 0.51 1.16-7.82 6 1.35 1.86 Chad 1.14 1.07 0.63 8 4.34 5.48 Comoros 0 0.50-33.16 na 1.28 1.29 Congo, Dem. Rep. of 25.21 16.40 4.39 7 3.77 28.98 20 Congo, Rep. of 0.93 0.97-0.40 8 2.88 3.81 Côte d Ivoire 6.33 14.86-8.18 9 3.50 9.83 50 Djibouti 0.29 0.43-3.78 6 0.87 1.16 Egypt 18.01 57.20-10.91 8 3.53 21.54 30 Equatorial Guinea 0.22 0.22-0.03 4 0.27 0.49 Eritrea 4.10 na na 13 4.21 8.31 Ethiopia 24.53 35.80-3.71 11 24.44 48.97 8 Gabon 1.75 6.13-11.78 3 0.92 2.67 Gambia 5.37 1.17 16.48 9 1.38 6.75 Ghana 21.71 56.59-9.14 7 14.36 36.07 11 Guinea 7.74 11.12-3.56 6 6.59 14.33 44 Guinea-Bissau 0.59 1.06-5.75 11 0.93 1.52 Kenya 15.41 23.15-3.99 13 8.10 23.51 26 Lesotho 0.65 3.51-15.47 10 1.81 2.46 Liberia 1.03 3.46-11.42 10 0.72 1.75 Libya 0 0 0 na 0 0 Madagascar 1.59 2.09-2.72 13 7.53 9.12 Malawi 22.59 12.00 6.54 7 6.44 29.03 19 Mali 24.88 36.35-3.72 6 6.09 30.97 16 Mauritania 4.10 0.45 24.77 9 3.18 7.28 Mauritius 0.38 0.54-3.40 9 0.86 1.24 Morocco 6.86 47.78-17.64 5 1.28 8.14 Mozambique 16.47 34.83-7.22 13 10.87 27.34 22 Namibia 1.25 2.67-7.34 15 0.27 1.52 Niger 7.60 15.86-7.10 11 7.24 14.84 42 Nigeria 15.99 3.22 17.37 6 5.67 21.66 29 Rwanda 12.19 23.42-6.32 7 5.75 17.94 38 São Tomé and Principe 0.10 0.13-2.48 6 0.52 0.62 Senegal 18.99 41.07-7.42 7 10.46 29.45 18 Seychelles 0.11 0.32-9.76 7 1.04 1.15 Sierra Leone 8.85 1.56 18.97 10 5.53 14.38 43 Somalia 2.78 9.09-11.16 10 1.24 4.02 South Africa 16.91 15.37 0.96 10 0.54 17.45 39 Sudan 8.62 20.47-8.29 8 1.81 10.43 48 Swaziland 0.98 2.67-9.55 5 0.70 1.68 Tanzania 15.89 43.02-9.48 14 10.49 26.38 23 Togo 2.26 2.51-1.08 12 2.32 4.58 Tunisia 2.38 6.87-10.08 12 0.61 2.99 Uganda 9.71 11.98-2.08 13 21.00 30.71 17 Zambia 20.02 31.40-4.40 10 8.85 28.87 21 Zimbabwe 10.77 27.52-8.95 9 1.37 12.14 45 Regional Africa 53.97 112.82-7.11 ~ 20.88 74.85 Sub-Saharan Africa subtotal 500.55 711.59-3.46 245.91 746.46 Total Africa 547.52 827.85-4.05 251.66 799.18 93

Canadian Development Report 2004 Table 3 (continued) Bilateral Rank of Rank of Recipient Canada Among Country for Real % DAC Bilateral Total Total Total Canadian Aid Total Total Change Per Donors in Multilateral Canadian Aid (including multilateral) Bilateral Bilateral Year Recipient Country (all agencies) (all sources) (if in top 50) 2001-02 1991-92 1991-2001 2001 2001-02 2001-02 2001-02 (2001 prices) Country 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 AMERICAS Antigua and Barbuda 0.09 2.83-29.53 7 0.50 0.59 Argentina 2.71 4.20-4.30 4 0.81 3.52 Belize 1.55 2.56-4.90 4 1.17 2.72 Bolivia 28.04 19.98 3.45 12 4.93 32.97 15 Brazil 10.29 10.19 0.10 8 13.51 23.80 25 Chile 2.97 7.00-8.22 9 0.55 3.52 Colombia 8.98 11.17-2.16 9 0.31 9.29 Costa Rica 6.92 8.17-1.65 4 0.23 7.15 Cuba 10.82 0.19 49.89 4 0.20 11.02 46 Dominica 0.70 1.96-9.79 3 2.98 3.68 Dominican Republic 2.11 1.91 1.00 7 0.30 2.41 Ecuador 17.63 12.05 3.87 7 0.43 18.06 36 El Salvador 6.14 4.64 2.84 8 0.20 6.34 Grenada 0.37 1.61-13.69 7 1.49 1.86 Guatemala 17.68 5.35 12.70 8 0.29 17.97 37 Guyana 7.01 19.45-9.70 4 2.95 9.96 49 Haiti 18.66 21.43-1.37 3 1.77 20.43 32 Honduras 12.34 16.03-2.59 9 4.38 16.72 41 Jamaica 32.67 34.73-0.61 1 2.09 34.76 13 Mexico 7.13 6.28 1.28 4 0.57 7.70 Nicaragua 14.03 22.33-4.54 10 3.03 17.06 40 Panama 2.12 0.99 7.91 6 0.15 2.27 Paraguay 1.25 1.03 1.98 9 0.14 1.39 Peru 17.62 34.38-6.47 6 0.71 18.33 35 St Kitts and Nevis 0.14 0.66-14.59 3 1.07 1.21 St Lucia 0.54 5.05-19.99 2 0.81 1.35 St Vincent/Grenadines 0.28 2.33-18.98 5 1.14 1.42 Suriname 0.50 0.15 12.46 5 0.02 0.52 Trinidad and Tobago 1.56 1.39 1.13 4 0.23 1.79 Uruguay 0.72 3.38-14.34 6 0.12 0.84 Venezuela 1.36 3.09-7.89 6 0.19 1.55 Regional Central America 3.40 7.98-8.18 ~ 0 3.40 Regional Caribbean 5.50 14.91-9.49 ~ 0 5.50 Regional South America 11.45 13.87-1.90 ~ 0.14 11.59 Other Americas 25.20 75.70-10.42 ~ 2.85 28.05 Total Americas 280.45 378.98-2.97 50.26 330.71 ASIA Afghanistan 45.06 5.31 23.84 7 1.70 46.76 9 Armenia 1.14 na na 13 2.77 3.91 Azerbaijan 1.04 na na 9 1.47 2.51 Bangladesh 53.77 129.82-8.44 6 33.38 87.15 3 Bhutan 1.10 0.60 6.22 8 1.16 2.26 Cambodia 13.11 7.49 5.76 9 8.10 21.21 31 China 50.68 86.80-5.24 7 14.76 65.44 5 East Timor 4.72 na na 10 0.68 5.40 Georgia 1.13 na na 12 3.65 4.78 India 38.26 54.77-3.52 7 40.89 79.15 4 Indonesia 29.64 69.54-8.17 10 5.52 35.16 12 Iran 0 2.72-50 na 1.01 1.01 Iraq 0 2 na na 0.43 0.43 Jordan 4.63 22.38-14.59 10 2.56 7.19 Kazakhstan 1.52 na na 6 0.47 1.99 Kyrgyzstan 1.47 na na 8 7.05 8.52 Laos 2.66 1.11 9.13 16 5.92 8.58 Lebanon 2.79 1.77 4.66 9 1.57 4.36 Malaysia 0.96 13.02-22.94 5 0.73 1.69 Maldives 0.17 0.39-8.17 7 0.45 0.62 Mongolia 1.92 0 na 12 4.09 6.01 94

Statistics Bilateral Rank of Rank of Recipient Canada Among Country for Real % DAC Bilateral Total Total Total Canadian Aid Total Total Change Per Donors in Multilateral Canadian Aid (including multilateral) Bilateral Bilateral Year Recipient Country (all agencies) (all sources) (if in top 50) ASIA (continued) 2001-02 1991-92 1991-2001 2001 2001-02 2001-02 2001-02 (2001 prices) Country 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Myanmar (Burma) 1.12 0.14 23.01 8 2.94 4.06 Nepal 9.41 15.10-4.62 12 9.26 18.67 33 North Korea 2.97 0 62 8 1.15 4.12 Pakistan 18.00 52.36-10.13 6 44.53 62.53 7 Philippines 29.09 37.18-2.42 6 4.38 33.47 14 Sri Lanka 7.50 14.32-6.26 8 11.11 18.61 34 Syria 0.16 0.43-9.31 10 1.26 1.42 Tajikistan 1.60 na na 9 1.98 3.58 Thailand 6.15 35.79-16.15 9 0.47 6.62 Turkey -1.13 6.92 na 11 0.44-0.69 Turkmenistan 0.40 na na 8 0.21 0.61 Uzbekistan 0.78 na na 10 0.69 1.47 Vietnam 33.96 4.20 23.24 9 30.24 64.20 6 West Bank and Gaza 0 2.61-100.00 20 0 0 Yemen 0.63 0.53 1.72 9 4.31 4.94 Oceania 6.69 16.06-8.38 ~ 6.28 12.97 Regional Asia 16.21 43.66-9.43 ~ 6.33 22.54 Other Asia 27.14 2.17 na ~ 5.95 33.09 Total Asia 416.45 629.10-4.04 269.89 686.34 EASTERN EUROPE Albania 3.21 na na 12 1.59 4.80 Belarus 0.03 na na na 0 0.03 Bulgaria 1.29 na na na 0 1.29 Czech Republic 0.55 na na na 0 0.55 Estonia 0.35 na na na 0 0.35 Hungary 0.61 na na na 0 0.61 Latvia 1.41 na na na 0 1.41 Lithuania 1.69 na na na 0 1.69 Moldova 0.41 na na 14 0.66 1.07 Poland 144.77 na na na 0 144.77 1 Romania 3.53 na na na 0 3.53 Russian Federation 24.41 na na na 0 24.41 24 Slovak Republic 1.12 na na na 0 1.12 Ukraine 22.82 na na na 0 22.82 27 Ex-Yugoslavia 39.93 na na 3 6.48 46.41 10 Other Europe 16.72 na na ~ 1.67 18.39 Total Eastern Europe 60.27 na na 10.40 70.67 Total ODA Allocated 1,304.69 1,835.94-3.36 582.21 1,886.90 Of which: LDCs 393.52 542.27-3.16 237.96 644.75 Other Low Income Countries 372.30 410.40-0.97 198.48 550.25 Remaining Countries 538.88 883.27-4.82 145.77 691.90 Countries not Specified 163.59 313.06-6.28 291.06 454.65 Unallocable by Country 555.99 379.13 3.90 0 555.99 Total ODA 2,024.27 2,528.12-2.20 873.27 2,897.54 Note: Bold-italicized countries are not included in Canadian ODA totals (see Technical Notes). Sources: CIDA, Statistical Report on ODA 2001-02; CIDA, Annual Report 1991-92; OECD, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Aid Recipients, 1997-2001 95

Canadian Development Report 2004 Table 4 Canadian Bilateral Official Development Assistance by Channel and by Country (2001-2002) Canadian bilateral aid comprises both financial and non-financial flows. In the fiscal year 2001-02, the combined Canadian bilateral ODA, which could be allocated by country, totalled C$1,304.91 million. Of this portion, African countries as a whole received C$547.74 million (42.0 per cent), Asia C$416.44 million (31.9 per cent), the Americas C$280.39 million (21.5 per cent), and Eastern Europe C$60.35 million (4.6 per cent). As Figure 4.1 shows, of total ODA allocated, 56.9 per cent or C$742.61 million was governmentto-government aid. Table 4 indicates that the top 10 countries which received the largest amounts of such aid were China, Bangladesh, ex-yugoslavia, Jamaica, Vietnam, Russia, Ukraine, India, the Philippines, and Mali. LDC governments as a group received 28.0 per cent of this type of aid from Canada while other low-income countries and remaining countries received, respectively, 24.3 per cent and 47.7 per cent. Bilateral food aid went mostly to Asian and African countries, namely Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, and Kenya. Three countries benefited from significant official debt relief, namely Poland (C$140.79 million), Cameroon (C$83.32 million), and Bolivia (C$11.10 million). Of total bilateral ODA allocated, 19.2 per cent or C$250.57 million, flowed through CIDA s Partnership Branch, which includes Institutional Cooperation (ICD), NGOs (national and international), and International Humanitarian Assistance (IHA). Almost 44 per cent of the ODA allocated through Partnership Branch was channeled through nongovernmental organizations. The other remaining channels such as International Humanitarian Assistance, the International Development Research Centre (IDRC), the Rights & Democracy (ICHRDD), and the Commonwealth Scholarships account for 9.3 per cent altogether. Canada is still a very poor performer when it comes to tied aid. According to the DAC 2002 Report, 68.3 per cent of Canadian bilateral aid was tied in Figure 4.1 Canadian Bilateral ODA by Channel (2001-2002) Government-to-Government Aid (56.9%) Bilateral Food Aid (7.2%) Official Debt Relief (8.6%) Institutional Cooperation (ICD) (5.8%) Nongovernmental Organizations (NGOs) (8.4%) Industrial Cooperation Program (INC) (3.8%) International Humanitarian Assistance (IHA) (6.5%) International Development Research Centre (IDRC) (2.4%) Other Rights and Democracy (ICHRDD), Commonwealth Scholarships (0.4%) 2001 (75.1 per cent in 2000 and 67.1 per cent in 1999) compared to the total DAC member average of 17.8 per cent (16.2 per cent in 2000 and 22.1 per cent in 1999). Canada is the third highest tied donor behind Italy and Greece (third highest as well in 2000, behind Spain and the US). However, the new strategy framework, Canada Making a Difference in the World: a Policy Statement on Strengthening Aid Effectiveness, rescinded CIDA s earlier policy which placed a ceiling on untying, and adopted the 2000 OECD-DAC agreement on untying aid to the Least Developed Countries. 96

Statistics Table 4 Canadian Bilateral Official Development Assistance by Channel and by Country (2001-2002) (In millions of Canadian dollars ) Partnership Branch International Centre International for Human Rank of Official Industrial International Development Rights and Government-to Recipient Bilateral Bilateral Institutional Non-governmental Cooperation Humanitarian Research Democratic Government Country Food Debt Cooperation Organizations Program Assistance Centre Development Commonwealth Aid (if in top 30) Aid Relief (ICD) (NGOs) (INC) (IHA) (IDRC) (ICHRDD) Scholarships Total Country 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 AFRICA Algeria 0.09 0 0 0.07 0 0.97 0.08 0 0 0 1.21 Angola 0.23 2.17 0 0 0.09 0 3.15 0.04 0 0 5.68 Benin 3.46 0 0.21 0.37 1.40 0.01 0 0.11 0 0 5.56 Botswana 0.34 0 0 0.04 0.02 0 0 0 0 0.02 0.42 Burkina Faso 10.06 26 0 0 0.94 2.47 1.23 0 0.26 0 0 14.96 Burundi 1.32 0.46 0 0.02 0.84 0 3.03 0 0 0 5.67 Cameroon 6.88 0 83.32 0.41 1.27 0.09 0 0 0 0.09 92.06 Cape Verde 0.37 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.37 Central African Republic 0.20 0 0 0.01 0.30 0 0 0 0 0 0.51 Chad 0.71 0.18 0 0.02 0.23 0 0 0 0 0 1.14 Comoros 0 0 0 0 0.01 0 0 0 0 0 0.01 Congo, Dem. Rep. Of 10.84 22 7 0 0.07 0.66 0.17 6.48 0 0 0 25.22 Congo, Rep. Of 0.14 0 0 0.27 0.11 0 0.30 0.02 0.09 0 0.93 Côte d Ivoire 3.88 0 0 0.95 0.88 0.42 0 0.20 0 0 6.33 Djibouti 0.28 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.28 Egypt 15.83 14 0 0 0.41 0.22 1.19 0 0.37 0 0 18.02 Equatorial Guinea 0.10 0 0 0 0 0.12 0 0 0 0 0.22 Eritrea 1.40 1.33 0 0 0.07 0.05 1.25 0 0 0 4.10 Ethiopia 9.08 30 12.31 0.03 0.37 1.60 0.24 0.55 0.35 0 0 24.53 Gabon 1.01 0 0 0.27 0.01 0.46 0 0 0 0 1.75 Gambia 0.28 4.43 0 0.28 0.18 0 0 0.11 0 0.11 5.39 Ghana 13.04 17 0.17 4.35 1.57 1.98 0.03 0 0.42 0 0.15 21.71 Guinea 6.21 0 0 0.33 0.35 0.82 0 0.01 0 0 7.72 Guinea-Bissau 0.43 0 0 0.01 0.07 0 0 0 0 0 0.59 Kenya 5.33 4.95 0 0.36 3.02 0.14 0 1.32 0.04 0.24 15.40 Lesotho 0.34 0 0 0.01 0.25 0 0 0 0 0.06 0.66 Liberia 0.20 0.25 0 0.11 0.15 0 0.32 0 0 0 1.03 Libya 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Madagascar 0.29 0 0 1.00 0.29 0 0 0 0 0 1.58 Malawi 17.24 12 2.00 0 0.71 1.99 0.03 0.36 0.20 0 0.07 22.60 Mali 19.83 10 0.83 0 0.88 2.98 0.18 0 0.19 0 0 24.89 Mauritania 2.84 0 0 0.39 0.33 0.55 0 0 0 0 4.11 Mauritius 0.13 0 0 0.18 0 0 0 0 0 0.07 0.38 Morocco 5.17 0 0 0.27 0.57 0.46 0 0.41 0 0 6.88 Mozambique 11.77 20 0.02 0 1.52 1.81 0.06 0.05 1.23 0 0 16.46 Namibia 0.40 0 0 0.28 0.37 0 0.10 0.07 0 0.03 1.25 Niger 5.32 0.42 0 0.54 0.75 1 0 0 0 0 7.59 Nigeria 14.90 15 0 0 0.20 0.41 0.32 0.05 0 0.05 0.07 16.00 Rwanda 9.69 28 0 0 0.02 0.93 0.39 1.14 0.02 0 0 12.19 São Tomé and Principe 0.10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.10 Senegal 10.68 23 3 0.79 0.94 1.37 0.90 0 1.30 0 0 18.98 Seychelles 0.04 0 0 0.04 0 0 0 0 0 0.03 0.12 Sierra Leone 1.19 0 0 0.68 0.31 0 6.65 0 0 0.02 8.85 Somalia 0.35 1.69 0 0 0.02 0 0.72 0.02 0 0 2.80 South Africa 9.85 27 0 0 1.35 1.07 1.83 0 2.65 0 0.15 16.90 Sudan 1.91 1.21 0 0 0.86 0 4.64 0 0 0 8.62 Swaziland 0.44 0 0 0.04 0.47 0 0 0 0 0.02 0.97 Tanzania 10.51 24 0.89 0 0.68 2.09 0 1.50 0.08 0.02 0.13 15.90 Togo 0.97 0 0 0.35 0.92 0 0 0.02 0 0 2.26 Tunisia 0.91 0 0 0.44 0.76 0.25 0 0 0.01 0 2.37 Uganda 4.97 0 0 0.99 2.10 0.15 0.18 1.15 0 0.17 9.71 Zambia 9.54 29 2.34 5.43 0.19 2.26 0.08 0 0.08 0 0.1 20.02 Zimbabwe 6.80 0.37 0 1.50 1.46 0 0.15 0.46 0 0.03 10.77 Regional Africa 41.56 0.68 0 2.67 1.09 0 3.95 3.90 0.11 0 53.96 Sub-Saharan Africa subtotal 257.45 46.70 94.13 18.77 39.85 8.91 34.57 14.21 0.31 1.56 516.46 Total Africa 279.45 46.70 94.13 22.76 41.40 11.78 34.65 14.99 0.32 1.56 547.74 97

Canadian Development Report 2004 Table 4 (continued) Partnership Branch International Centre International for Human Rank of Official Industrial International Development Rights and Government-to Recipient Bilateral Bilateral Institutional Non-governmental Cooperation Humanitarian Research Democratic Government Country Food Debt Cooperation Organizations Program Assistance Centre Development Commonwealth Aid (if in top 30) Aid Relief (ICD) (NGOs) (INC) (IHA) (IDRC) (ICHRDD) Scholarships Total Country 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 AMERICAS Antigua and Barbuda 0 0 0 0.01 0 0 0 0 0 0.07 0.08 Argentina 1.02 0 0 0.18 0.28 0.73 0 0.49 0.01 0 2.71 Belize 0.82 0 0 0.12 0.26 0.22 0.10 0 0 0.04 1.56 Bolivia 12.04 19 0.07 11.10 0.44 3.53 0.62 0 0.25 0 0 28.05 Brazil 4.83 0 0 1.42 2.88 0.91 0 0.25 0 0 10.29 Chile 0.50 0 0 1.34 0.59 0.47 0 0.07 0 0 2.97 Colombia 3.26 0.16 0 0.39 0.55 0.98 2.95 0.59 0.10 0 8.98 Costa Rica 2.52 0 0 1.41 2.19 0.19 0.13 0.39 0 0 6.83 Cuba 4.43 0 0 3.02 2.30 0.67 0.13 0.27 0 0 10.82 Dominica 0.41 0 0 0.09 0.10 0 0 0 0 0.05 0.70 Dominican Republic 0.19 0 0 0.18 0.98 0.59 0 0.17 0 0 2.11 Ecuador 10.50 25 3 0 1.35 2.14 0.53 0.13 0.49 0 0 17.64 El Salvador 2.87 0 0 1.20 1.65 0.25 0.17 0 0 0 6.14 Grenada 0 0 0 0.19 0.16 0 0 0 0 0.03 0.38 Guatemala 12.59 18 0 0 1.16 1.85 0.51 0.89 0.60 0.06 0 17.66 Guyana 5.17 0 1.09 0.21 0.47 0 0 0 0 0.07 7.01 Haiti 13.13 16 0.05 0 1.16 3.60 0.71 0 0 0 0 18.65 Honduras 4.61 0.13 5.25 0.17 0.05 2.06 0.05 0.02 0 0 12.34 Jamaica 30.77 4 0 0 0.23 1.41 0.16 0 0 0 0.11 32.68 Mexico 0.56 0 0 2.50 2.02 1.37 0 0.59 0.08 0 7.12 Nicaragua 8.09 0 0 1.28 3.88 0.29 0.25 0.25 0 0 14.04 Panama 0.68 0 0 0.16 0.42 0.71 0.13 0.03 0 0 2.13 Paraguay 0.50 0 0 0.21 0.48 0 0 0.06 0 0 1.25 Peru 10.91 21 0 0 0.93 3.29 0.96 0.50 0.99 0.05 0 17.63 St Kitts and Nevis 0 0 0 0.04 0 0 0 0 0 0.03 0.13 St Lucia 0.02 0 0 0.11 0.12 0 0 0 0 0.07 0.54 St Vincent/Grenadines 0 0 0 0.13 0.12 0 0 0 0 0.03 0.28 Suriname 0.33 0 0 0 0.17 0 0 0 0 0 0.50 Trinidad and Tobago 0.52 0 0 0.44 0.21 0.34 0 0 0 0.04 1.55 Uruguay 0.30 0 0 0.14 0.25 0.01 0 0.01 0 0 0.71 Venezuela 0.25 0 0 0.17 0.03 0.65 0.13 0.13 0 0 1.36 Regional Central America 2.00 0.20 0 0.06 0.79 0 0.20 0.15 0 0 3.40 Regional Caribbean 4.92 0 0 0.14 0.28 0 0 0.16 0 0 5.50 Regional South America 9.49 0 0 0.60 0.46 0 0 0.90 0 0 11.45 Other Americas 22.11 0 0 0.25 0.26 0.29 1.04 0.95 0.27 0.03 25.20 Total Americas 170.34 3.11 17.44 21.43 37.83 14.49 6.80 7.81 0.57 0.57 280.39 ASIA Afghanistan 2.68 16.09 0 0 0 0 26.13 0 0.14 0 45.04 Armenia 1.03 0 0 0 0 0 0.10 0 0 0 1.13 Azerbaijan 1.03 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.03 Bangladesh 36.88 2 13.00 0 0.29 2.20 0.39 0.15 0.43 0 0.21 53.76 Bhutan 1.01 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.09 0 0 1.10 Cambodia 5.36 2.98 0 0.47 1.29 1.16 1.10 0.75 0 0 13.11 China 39.48 1 0 0 3.72 0.26 5.95 0 1.20 0.07 0 50.68 East Timor 1.81 0 1.26 0.38 0 1.25 0 0.02 0 4.72 Georgia 1.03 0 0 0 0 0 0.10 0 0 0 1.14 India 21.55 8 3.13 0 1.71 8.31 2.29 0.20 0.78 0 0.27 38.24 Indonesia 19.78 11 3.50 0 0.75 1.97 1.53 1.96 0.17 0 0 29.66 Iran 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Iraq 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Jordan 3.13 0 0 0.09 0.67 0.52 0 0.22 0 0 4.63 Kazakhstan 1.47 0 0 0 0.04 0 0 0 0 0 1.51 Kyrgyzstan 1.46 0 0 0 0.01 0 0 0 0 0 1.47 Laos 0.67 0 0 0.40 1.12 0.08 0 0.39 0 0 2.66 Lebanon 1.47 0 0 0.28 0.36 0.47 0 0.21 0 0 2.79 Malaysia -0.02 0 0 0.18 0.32 0.42 0 0 0 0.06 0.96 Maldives 0.06 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.08 0.16 Mongolia 0.56 0 0 0.21 0.18 0.74 0 0.23 0 0 1.92 98

Statistics Partnership Branch International Centre International for Human Rank of Official Industrial International Development Rights and Government-to Recipient Bilateral Bilateral Institutional Non-governmental Cooperation Humanitarian Research Democratic Government Country Food Debt Cooperation Organizations Program Assistance Centre Development Commonwealth ASIA (continued) Aid (if in top 30) Aid Relief (ICD) (NGOs) (INC) (IHA) (IDRC) (ICHRDD) Scholarships Total Country 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Myanmar (Burma) 1.00 0 0 0 0.01 0 0 0 0.11 0 1.12 Nepal 4.77 0.51 0 0.57 2.16 0.91 0 0.49 0 0 9.41 North Korea 0 2.60 0 0 0 0 0.37 0 0 0 2.97 Pakistan 16.68 13 0 0 0.11 0.18 0 0.61 0.11 0 0.32 18.01 Philippines 21.3 9 2.12 0 1.33 1.67 2.52 0 0.15 0 0 29.09 Sri Lanka 3.60 0 0 0.41 0.98 0.59 1.29 0.45 0 0.20 7.52 Syria 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.16 0 0 0.17 Tajikistan 0.09 0 0 0 0 0 1.51 0 0 0 1.60 Thailand 0.53 0.59 0 0.52 1.85 2.53 0 0.14 0 0 6.16 Turkey -2.31 0 0 0 0.01 1.13 0.04 0 0 0-1.13 Turkmenistan 0.10 0 0 0 0 0 0.30 0 0 0 0.40 Uzbekistan 0.37 0 0 0 0.02 0 0.40 0 0 0 0.79 Vietnam 23.80 5 0 0 5.26 2.49 1.97 0 0.42 0.01 0 33.95 West Bank and Gaza 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Yemen 0.42 0 0 0.04 0.14 0 0 0.03 0 0 0.63 Oceania 5.15 0 0 0.10 1.29 0 0 0 0 0.14 6.68 Regional Asia 11.40 0 0 0.25 1.10 0.09 0 0.68 0.09 0 13.61 Other Asia 23.42 0 0 0.51 0.98 0.40 2.60 1.74 0.09 0 29.74 Total Asia 250.76 44.73 0 18.47 30.03 23.69 38.11 8.84 0.53 1.28 416.44 EASTERN EUROPE Albania 3.18 0 0 0.01 0.01 0 0 0 0 0 3.20 Belarus 0 0 0 0.03 0.01 0 0 0 0 0 0.04 Bulgaria 1.27 0 0 0 0.02 0 0 0 0 0 1.29 Czech Republic 0.52 0 0 0 0.03 0 0 0 0 0 0.55 Estonia 0.30 0 0 0.04 0.01 0 0 0 0 0 0.35 Hungary 0.53 0 0 0.05 0.02 0 0 0 0 0 0.60 Latvia 1.41 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.41 Lithuania 1.68 0 0 0 0.01 0 0 0 0 0 1.69 Moldova 0.40 0 0 0 0.01 0 0 0 0 0 0.41 Poland 3.96 0 140.79 0 0.03 0 0 0 0 0 144.78 Romania 3.48 0 0 0 0.06 0 0 0 0 0 3.54 Russian Federation 23.71 6 0 0 0 0.05 0 0.65 0 0 0 24.41 Slovak Republic 1.08 0 0 0 0.03 0 0 0 0 0 1.11 Ukraine 22.45 7 0 0 0.18 0.18 0 0 0 0 0 22.81 Ex-Yugoslavia 31.03 3 0 0 3.23 0.08 0 5.59 0 0 0 39.93 Other Europe 7.45 0 0 9.19 0.08 0 0 0 0 0.09 16.81 Total Eastern Europe 42.06 0 0 12.43 0.18 0 5.59 0 0 0.09 60.35 Total ODA Allocated 742.61 94.54 111.57 75.08 109.44 49.96 85.15 31.64 1.42 3.50 1,304.91 Of which: LDCs 208.01 70.37 5.67 12.92 36.85 7.97 57.40 6.05 0.27 0.95 406.46 Other Low Income Countries 180.07 17.72 88.46 13.13 27.74 8.72 6.30 5.68 0.19 1.17 349.18 Remaining Countries 354.53 6.45 17.44 49.03 44.85 33.27 21.45 19.91 0.96 1.38 549.27 Country not Specified 0 22.50 0 4.54 33.41 0.58 9.7 85.67 3.46 3.56 163.59 Unallocable by Country na na na na na na na na na na 555.99 Total ODA 742.61 117.04 111.57 79.62 142.85 50.54 94.85 117.31 4.88 7.06 2,024.32 Note: Bold-italicized countries are not included in Canadian ODA totals (see Technical Notes). Source: CIDA, Statistical Report on ODA 2001-02 99

Canadian Development Report 2004 Table 5 Canadian Bilateral Official Development Assistance by Sector (2001-2002) This table illustrates the sectoral allocation of Canada s bilateral ODA. Figure 5.1 summarizes the distribution between sectors. The main sector supported was social infrastructure with C$658.5 million or 52.3 per cent of total ODA, followed by production with C$144.6 million or 11.5 per cent and commodity general programme assistance with C$137.4 million or 10.9 per cent. Within social infrastructure, education accounted for 12.7 per cent and health for 6.2 per cent (when including water supply and sanitation). Allocations to government and civil society ranked first at 21.7 per cent. Within economic infrastructure, energy accounted for 2.7 per cent, followed by banking and financial services and communications both at 1.8 per cent. Within production, agriculture accounted for 4.8 per cent and industry for 3.4 per cent. CIDA s Social Development Priorities: A Framework for Action, issued in 2000, is a five-year plan with the aim of doubling funding to four priority areas from C$342 million to C$724 million in 2005. The plan clearly refers to internationally agreed targets such as the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and provides a resource allocation mechanism. There is particular emphasis on basic education and health services for ODA intervention and a shift from supporting physical infrastructure which is still considered a priority area but with high project costs to enhancing the social sector and other areas such as governance and institution building. In the production sectors, the emphasis is on agriculture. This is likely to continue through the implementation of the recent April 2003 policy statement, Promoting Sustainable Rural Development through Agriculture. In terms of allocation by channel, Geographic Programs have accounted for C$943.6 million or 75.0 per cent, Canadian Partnership for C$267.6 million or 21.3 per cent, and IDRC for C$47.1 million or 3.7 per cent. Within Canadian Partnership, NGOs Figure 5.1 Canadian Bilateral ODA by Sector (2001-2002) Social Infrastructure/ Services (52.3%) Economic Infrastructure/ Services (9.2%) Production Sectors (11.5%) Multisector/Crosscutting (9.3%) Commodity General Programme Assistance (10.9%) Emergency Assistance (6.8%) and INGOs also deliver projects funded by the Geographic Programs. Their share as it appears here understates their involvement in CIDA s aid delivery. 100

Statistics Table 5 Canadian Bilateral Official Development Assistance by Sector (2001-2002) (In millions of Canadian dollars) Geographic Canadian Subtotal Country- Total Country- Programs Partnership to-country IDRC to-country Industrial NGOs, INGOs, ICD Cooperation $ % $ % $ % $ % $ % $ % SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE/SERVICES Education 100.36 10.64 53.50 24.58 1.54 3.08 155.40 12.83 3.72 7.91 159.12 12.65 Education Level Unspecified 40.24 4.26 23.74 10.91 1.16 2.32 65.14 5.38 2.85 6.06 67.99 5.40 Basic Education 45.91 4.87 12.60 5.79 0.06 0.12 58.57 4.84 0.22 0.46 58.79 4.67 Secondary Education 4.38 0.46 1.16 0.53 0.12 0.23 5.66 0.47 0.15 0.33 5.81 0.46 Post-Secondary Education 9.82 1.04 16.00 7.35 0.20 0.41 26.03 2.15 0.50 1.06 26.53 2.11 Health 44.78 4.75 26.00 11.95 0.72 1.44 71.50 5.90 6.38 13.55 77.88 6.19 Health General 10.86 1.15 8.44 3.88 0.43 0.86 19.73 1.63 4.80 10.19 24.53 1.95 Basic Health 33.92 3.59 17.55 8.07 0.29 0.58 51.76 4.27 1.58 3.36 53.35 4.24 Population Programs 51.07 5.41 13.67 6.28 0 0 64.74 5.34 2.74 5.82 67.48 5.36 Water Supply and Sanitation 26.56 2.81 5.34 2.45 3.90 7.79 35.79 2.96 2.03 4.32 37.82 3.01 Government and Civil Society 207.64 22.01 60.34 27.72 1.08 2.16 269.06 22.21 4.15 8.82 273.21 21.71 Other Social Infrastructure and Services 34.45 3.65 4.10 1.89 2.25 4.50 40.80 3.37 2.19 4.65 42.99 3.42 Employment 9.76 1.03 1.84 0.85 0.75 1.50 12.35 1.02 0.72 1.53 13.07 1.04 Housing 4.09 0.43 0.68 0.31 0.75 1.50 5.53 0.46 0.02 0.04 5.54 0.44 Other Social Services 20.60 2.18 1.58 0.73 0.75 1.50 22.92 1.89 1.45 3.08 24.38 1.94 Sub-Total 464.85 49.26 162.95 74.87 9.48 18.97 637.29 52.62 21.22 45.07 658.50 52.33 ECONOMIC INFRASTRUCTURE/SERVICES Transport and Storage 8.37 0.89 0.80 0.37 7.35 14.70 16.52 1.36 0 0 16.52 1.31 Communications 13.95 1.48 1.65 0.76 2.84 5.68 18.43 1.52 4.02 8.55 22.46 1.78 Energy 25.57 2.71 0.69 0.32 7.23 14.46 33.49 2.77 0 0 33.49 2.66 Banking and Financial Services 15.76 1.67 6.56 3.02 0.43 0.85 22.75 1.88 0.14 0.29 22.89 1.82 Business and Other Services 12.98 1.38 2.56 1.18 1.11 2.23 16.65 1.37 3.29 6.99 19.94 1.58 Sub-Total 76.63 8.12 12.26 5.63 18.96 37.91 107.85 8.90 7.45 15.83 115.30 9.16 PRODUCTION SECTORS Agriculture 36.23 3.84 13.70 6.30 3.77 7.53 53.70 4.43 6.59 13.99 60.28 4.79 Forestry 12.22 1.29 2.25 1.03 0.67 1.34 15.13 1.25 1.90 4.04 17.04 1.35 Fishing 0.57 0.06 0.91 0.42 0.82 1.63 2.30 0.19 0 0 2.30 0.18 Industry 27.07 2.87 1.20 0.55 10.87 21.73 39.14 3.23 3.24 6.89 42.38 3.37 Mining 16.40 1.74 0.08 0.04 1.19 2.39 17.68 1.46 0.95 2.02 18.63 1.48 Construction 0.65 0.07 0.02 0.01 0.25 0.50 0.92 0.08 0 0 0.92 0.07 Trade 1.55 0.16 0.08 0.04 0.05 0.10 1.67 0.14 0.72 1.52 2.39 0.19 Tourism 0.44 0.05 0.04 0.02 0.08 0.15 0.55 0.05 0.10 0.21 0.65 0.05 Sub-Total 95.12 10.08 18.28 8.40 17.69 35.37 131.09 10.82 13.50 28.68 144.58 11.49 MULTISECTOR/CROSSCUTTING General Environment Protection 44.69 4.74 6.95 3.19 2.78 5.56 54.41 4.49 3.49 7.42 57.91 4.60 Other Multisector 54.03 5.73 3.44 1.58 1.09 2.19 58.56 4.83 0.78 1.66 59.34 4.72 Sub-Total 98.71 10.46 10.39 4.77 3.87 7.75 112.97 9.33 4.27 9.08 117.24 9.32 COMMODITY GENERAL PROGRAMME ASSISTANCE Structural Adjustment Assistance to World Bank/IMF 0.53 0.06 0 0 0 0 0.53 0.04 0 0 0.53 0.04 Food Aid Excluding Relief Food Aid 107.06 11.35 12.19 5.60 0 0 119.25 9.85 0.28 0.60 119.54 9.50 Other General Programme and Commodity 15.63 1.66 1.56 0.72 0 0 17.18 1.42 0.16 0.35 17.35 1.38 Sub-Total 123.22 13.06 13.75 6.32 0 0 136.97 11.31 0.45 0.95 137.42 10.92 EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE Non Food Emergency and Distress Relief 85.06 9.01 0 0 0 0 85.06 7.02 0.19 0.39 85.25 6.78 TOTAL ALLOCATED BY SECTOR 943.59 100.00 217.63 100.00 50.00 100.00 1,211.22 100.00 47.07 100.00 1,258.29 100.00 Note: For convenience, figures on food aid channelled through NGOs are added to NGOs. Source: CIDA, Statistical Report on ODA 2001-2002 101