Item

Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2015 1 POPULATION Total population million; as of 1 July 73.73 74.88 76.02 77.11 78.12 79.08 80.00 80.95 81.91 82.85 84.22 85.12 86.03 86.93 87.84 88.77 89.71 90.73 Population density persons per square kilometer 224 227 231 234 237 241 245 248 247 251 254 257 260 263 265 268 271 274 Population annual change, percent 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 Urban population percent of total population 22.7 23.1 23.6 24.2 24.7 25.1 25.8 26.5 27.1 27.7 28.2 29.0 29.7 30.5 31.6 31.8 32.2 33.1 LABOR FORCE million; as of 1 July... 36.9 37.7 38.5 39.5 40.4 41.5 42.5 43.6 46.2 47.2 48.2 49.3 50.4 51.4 52.3 53.2 53.7 Employed a 34.5 35.2 36.0 37.6 38.5 39.5 40.6 41.6 42.8 44.0 45.2 46.5 47.7 49.0 50.4 51.4 52.2 52.7 Agriculture 24.2 24.5 24.8 24.2 24.5 23.2 23.1 24.4 24.4 23.9 23.9 24.3 24.6 24.3 24.4 24.4 24.4 24.4 Manufacturing 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.5 3.9 4.2 4.6 4.9 7.4 7.7 8.3 8.7 6.4 6.6 7.0 7.1 7.3 7.6 Mining 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 Others 7.2 7.5 7.9 9.6 9.8 11.9 12.6 12.0 10.6 12.1 12.7 13.2 16.4 17.8 18.7 19.7 20.2 20.5 Unemployed b... 1.7 1.7 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 2.3 2.0 1.7 1.3 1.3 1.0 0.9 0.9 1.0 Unemployment rate b percent... 4.5 4.4 2.3 2.5 2.2 2.2 2.1 2.5 4.9 4.1 3.6 2.8 2.7 2.0 1.8 1.7 1.9 Labor force annual change, percent...... 2.0 2.2 2.6 2.3 2.7 2.4 2.6 6.1 2.0 2.2 2.3 2.2 2.0 1.8 1.7 0.9 Labor force participation rate b percent......... 49.6 50.2 50.7 51.1 51.8 52.5 71.0 74.7 75.5 76.5 77.4 77.0 76.8 77.5 77.5 Male......... 50.8 51.4 52.1 52.7 53.8 55.7 78.1 78.8 80.1 81.0 82.0 81.7 81.2 82.1 82.1 Female......... 48.4 49.0 49.3 49.5 49.9 51.2 64.4 70.9 71.3 72.3 73.0 72.6 72.5 73.2 73.2 NATIONAL ACCOUNTS billion dong; calendar year At Current Prices GDP by industrial origin at current market prices 313,623 361,016 399,942 441,646 481,295 535,762 613,443 715,307 914,001 1,061,565 1,246,769 1,616,047 1,809,149 2,157,828 2,779,880 3,245,419 3,584,262 3,937,856 Agriculture c 80,826 93,072 101,723 108,356 111,858 123,383 138,284 155,992 176,402 198,797 232,586 329,886 346,786 407,647 558,185 638,368 658,779 713,381 Mining 19,768 24,196 33,703 42,606 44,345 46,153 57,326 72,492 88,897 99,702 111,700 146,607 165,310 215,090 287,402 386,669 411,673 445,373 Manufacturing 51,700 61,906 70,767 81,979 95,211 110,285 125,476 145,475 172,045 205,739 241,629 300,256 331,093 387,382 500,900 564,399 627,007 687,401 Electricity, gas, and water 8,604 10,339 11,725 13,993 16,028 18,201 22,224 25,090 34,301 39,658 47,109 56,633 69,750 83,270 102,045 120,520 142,616 173,533 Construction 20,522 20,858 21,764 23,642 27,931 31,558 37,100 44,558 53,276 64,503 79,712 95,696 110,255 139,162 163,200 181,984 191,704 209,875 Trade 48,914 55,783 59,384 62,836 67,788 75,617 83,297 96,995 111,745 130,432 153,660 208,366 240,577 283,947 363,046 423,919 481,380 534,239 Transport and communications 12,418 14,076 15,546 17,341 19,431 21,095 24,725 30,402 38,010 45,328 52,871 68,342 74,728 88,037 106,810 122,822 107,128 117,474 Finance 5,444 6,274 7,488 8,148 8,762 9,763 10,858 12,737 47,825 55,869 65,861 86,356 100,324 118,688 151,019 173,867 198,107 210,469 Public administration d 29,733 34,124 35,368 37,809 40,891 44,940 54,016 61,255 81,475 93,004 107,345 130,000 148,442 172,744 216,760 261,439 94,402 106,138 Others 35,694 40,388 42,474 44,936 49,050 54,767 60,138 70,310 110,026 128,532 154,295 193,904 221,884 261,861 330,514 371,431 671,466 739,973 Net factor income from abroad -5,023-8,181-7,249-6,327-6,440-8,706-9,755-13,401-16,779-22,810-34,963-48,083-77,928-82,250-119,804-142,866-150,746... GNI 308,600 352,835 392,693 435,319 474,855 527,056 603,688 701,906 897,222 1,038,755 1,211,806 1,567,964 1,731,221 2,075,578 2,660,076 3,102,553 3,433,515... Structure of Output percent of GDP at current market prices Agriculture 25.8 25.8 25.4 24.5 23.2 23.0 22.5 21.8 19.3 18.7 18.7 20.4 19.2 18.9 20.1 19.7 18.4 18.1 Industry 32.1 32.5 34.5 36.7 38.1 38.5 39.5 40.2 38.1 38.6 38.5 37.1 37.4 38.2 37.9 38.6 38.3 38.5 Services 42.2 41.7 40.1 38.7 38.6 38.5 38.0 38.0 42.6 42.7 42.8 42.5 43.4 42.9 42.0 41.7 43.3 43.4 Expenditure on GDP at current market prices 313,623 361,016 399,942 441,646 481,295 535,762 613,443 715,307 914,001 1,061,565 1,246,769 1,616,047 1,809,149 2,157,828 2,779,880 3,245,419 3,584,262 3,937,856 Household consumption 225,084 255,921 274,553 293,507 312,144 348,747 406,451 465,506 598,567 690,954 849,141 1,145,361 1,239,151 1,436,289 1,844,377 2,093,261 2,346,160 2,591,337 Government consumption 25,500 27,523 27,137 28,346 30,463 33,390 38,770 45,715 49,952 58,734 69,247 90,904 104,540 129,313 164,323 192,362 220,642 246,711 Gross fixed capital formation 83,734 97,551 102,799 122,101 140,301 166,828 204,608 237,868 285,841 332,949 437,702 513,987 612,526 704,401 745,494 785,337 847,475 938,452 Change in inventories 5,020 7,324 7,704 8,670 9,732 11,155 12,826 15,818 22,702 33,680 55,598 75,759 59,800 65,810 81,538 98,823 108,650 118,180 Exports of goods and services 135,180 161,910 199,836 243,049 262,846 304,262 363,735 470,216 582,214 719,928 886,395 1,155,688 1,139,253 1,553,687 2,206,971 2,597,264 2,997,380 3,402,495 Less: Imports of goods and services 160,706 188,281 211,254 253,927 273,828 331,946 415,023 524,216 612,521 750,800 1,055,577 1,376,183 1,326,810 1,730,902 2,321,858 2,483,567 2,920,030 3,273,530 Statistical discrepancy -189-932 -833-100 -363 3,326 2,076 4,400-12,755-23,880 4,263 10,531-19,310-770 59,036-38,060-16,016-85,789

2 Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2015 Structure of Demand percent of GDP at current market prices Household consumption 71.8 70.9 68.6 66.5 64.9 65.1 66.3 65.1 65.5 65.1 68.1 70.9 68.5 66.6 66.3 64.5 65.5 65.8 Government consumption 8.1 7.6 6.8 6.4 6.3 6.2 6.3 6.4 5.5 5.5 5.6 5.6 5.8 6.0 5.9 5.9 6.2 6.3 Gross domestic capital formation 28.3 29.0 27.6 29.6 31.2 33.2 35.4 35.5 33.8 34.5 39.6 36.5 37.2 35.7 29.8 27.2 26.7 26.8 Change in inventories 1.6 2.0 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.5 3.2 4.5 4.7 3.3 3.0 2.9 3.0 3.0 3.0 Exports of goods and services 43.1 44.8 50.0 55.0 54.6 56.8 59.3 65.7 63.7 67.8 71.1 71.5 63.0 72.0 79.4 80.0 83.6 86.4 Imports of goods and services 51.2 52.2 52.8 57.5 56.9 62.0 67.7 73.3 67.0 70.7 84.7 85.2 73.3 80.2 83.5 76.5 81.5 83.1 Statistical discrepancy -0.1-0.3-0.2-0.0-0.1 0.6 0.3 0.6-1.4-2.2 0.3 0.7-1.1-0.0 2.1-1.2-0.4-2.2 At Constant Prices e GDP by Industrial origin at 1994 2010 market price 231,264 244,596 256,272 273,666 292,535 313,247 336,243 362,435 1,588,646 1,699,501 1,820,667 1,923,749 2,027,591 2,157,828 2,292,483 2,412,778 2,543,596 2,695,796 Agriculture c 55,895 57,866 60,896 63,717 65,618 68,352 70,828 73,917 342,811 355,831 369,905 387,262 394,658 407,647 424,047 435,414 446,905 462,524 Mining 13,304 15,173 17,200 18,430 19,185 19,396 20,611 22,437 212,381 208,134 203,555 195,756 210,666 215,090 220,518 230,883 230,421 235,951 Manufacturing 38,743 42,694 46,105 51,492 57,335 63,983 71,363 79,116 248,709 281,925 316,812 347,808 357,415 387,382 429,994 454,933 488,780 530,082 Electricity, gas, and water 4,572 5,136 5,531 6,337 7,173 7,992 8,944 10,015 52,902 57,968 63,153 69,220 75,211 83,270 91,177 101,977 110,762 123,312 Construction 18,855 18,761 19,211 20,654 23,293 25,755 28,481 31,053 91,523 101,632 113,979 113,546 126,441 139,162 138,305 142,800 151,182 161,871 Trade 39,422 41,170 41,994 44,644 47,779 51,245 54,747 59,027 193,430 209,969 228,477 243,955 262,686 283,947 306,161 327,348 348,704 371,788 Transport and communications 9,178 9,536 10,141 10,729 11,441 12,252 12,925 13,975 54,946 60,445 67,213 74,968 81,070 88,037 94,367 100,557 78,134 82,368 Finance 4,578 4,843 5,327 5,650 6,005 6,424 6,935 7,495 77,704 84,058 91,490 100,780 109,545 118,688 127,356 134,259 143,505 151,944 Public administration d 21,894 23,158 23,011 24,301 25,674 27,322 29,242 31,325 122,691 131,733 142,104 151,813 161,730 172,744 184,871 198,346 68,383 73,293 Others 24,823 26,259 26,857 27,712 29,032 30,527 32,166 34,075 191,548 207,808 223,978 238,642 248,168 261,861 275,688 286,262 476,819 502,662 Net factor income from abroad...................................................... GNI...................................................... Growth of Output annual change, percent GDP 8.2 5.8 4.8 6.8 6.9 7.1 7.3 7.8 7.5 7.0 7.1 5.7 5.4 6.4 6.2 5.2 5.4 6.0 Agriculture 4.3 3.5 5.2 4.6 3.0 4.2 3.6 4.4 4.2 3.8 4.0 4.7 1.9 3.3 4.0 2.7 2.6 3.5 Industry 12.6 8.3 7.7 10.1 10.4 9.5 10.5 10.2 8.4 7.3 7.4 4.1 6.0 7.2 6.7 5.7 5.4 7.1 Services 7.1 5.1 2.3 5.3 6.1 6.5 6.5 7.3 8.6 8.4 8.5 7.6 6.5 7.2 6.8 5.9 6.6 6.0 Expenditure on GDP at 1994 2010 market price 231,264 244,595 256,272 273,666 292,535 313,247 336,243 362,435 1,588,646 1,699,501 1,820,667 1,923,749 2,027,591 2,157,828 2,292,483 2,412,778 2,543,596 2,695,796 Household consumption 165,125 172,498 176,976 182,420 190,577 205,113 221,545 237,262 1,022,157 1,098,469 1,205,895 1,298,368 1,327,608 1,436,289 1,495,133 1,568,084 1,649,311 1,750,249 Government consumption 17,850 18,425 17,374 18,245 19,450 20,496 21,970 23,678 84,251 91,410 99,549 107,036 115,168 129,313 138,524 148,481 159,261 170,409 Gross fixed capital formation 62,438 70,187 71,294 78,552 86,972 98,160 109,843 121,312 412,327 453,157 562,627 584,225 635,201 704,401 649,365 661,526 696,578 761,052 Change in inventories 4,091 4,744 4,536 4,944 5,515 6,096 6,780 7,604 31,434 43,116 66,640 84,549 62,413 65,810 68,179 73,051 78,033 82,500 Exports of goods and services f -17,752-20,530-13,157-10,085 165,292 183,533 220,047-30,123 913,341 1,043,134 1,160,960 1,219,803 1,355,225 1,553,687 1,721,244 1,991,636 2,337,663 2,607,900 Less: Imports of goods and services 176,987 204,926 251,495 902,088 1,038,899 1,325,880 1,426,886 1,521,982 1,730,902 1,801,807 1,965,677 2,306,613 2,601,967 Statistical discrepancy -488-729 -751-410 1,716 4,775 7,553 2,702 27,224 9,114 50,875 56,654 53,959-770 21,845-64,323-70,637-74,347 Growth of Demand annual change, percent Household consumption 5.9 4.5 2.6 3.1 4.5 7.6 8.0 7.1 5.8 7.5 9.8 7.7 2.3 8.2 4.1 4.9 5.2 6.1 Government consumption 4.0 3.2-5.7 5.0 6.6 5.4 7.2 7.8 8.2 8.5 8.9 7.5 7.6 12.3 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.0 Gross domestic capital formation 9.4 12.6 1.2 10.1 10.8 12.7 11.9 10.5 11.2 11.8 26.8 6.3 4.3 10.4-6.8 2.4 5.5 8.9 Exports of goods and services f............... 11.0 19.9... 7.8 14.2 11.3 5.1 11.1 14.6 10.8 15.7 17.4 11.6 Imports of goods and services f............... 15.8 22.7... 5.9 15.2 27.6 7.6 6.7 13.7 4.1 9.1 17.3 12.8

Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2015 3 Investment Financing at Current Prices Gross domestic capital formation 88,754 104,875 110,503 130,771 150,033 177,983 217,434 253,686 308,543 366,629 493,300 589,746 672,326 770,211 827,032 884,160 956,124 1,056,632 Gross national saving 68,356 84,278 107,470 138,004 150,655 174,271 193,193 239,387 302,306 353,828 396,974 450,886 497,566 656,739 829,503 987,970 1,065,098... Gross domestic saving 63,039 77,572 98,252 119,793 138,688 153,625 168,222 204,086 265,481 311,877 328,381 379,782 465,458 592,226 771,180 959,796 1,017,459 1,099,808 Net factor income from abroad -5,023-8,181-7,249-6,327-6,440-8,706-9,755-13,401-16,779-22,810-34,963-48,083-77,928-82,250-119,804-142,866-150,746... Net current transfers from abroad g 10,340 14,887 16,467 24,538 18,407 29,352 34,726 48,702 53,603 64,761 103,556 119,186 110,036 146,763 178,127 171,040 198,386 203,190 Savings and Investment percent of GDP at current market prices Gross domestic saving 20.1 21.5 24.6 27.1 28.8 28.7 27.4 28.5 29.0 29.4 26.3 23.5 25.7 27.4 27.7 29.6 28.4 27.9 Gross national saving 21.8 23.3 26.9 31.2 31.3 32.5 31.5 33.5 33.1 33.3 31.8 27.9 27.5 30.4 29.8 30.4 29.7... Gross domestic capital formation 28.3 29.0 27.6 29.6 31.2 33.2 35.4 35.5 33.8 34.5 39.6 36.5 37.2 35.7 29.8 27.2 26.7 26.8 At Current Market Prices thousand dong Per capita GDP 4,254 4,821 5,261 5,727 6,161 6,775 7,668 8,836 11,158 12,813 14,804 18,986 21,031 24,822 31,647 36,559 39,954 43,402 Per capita GNI 4,186 4,712 5,165 5,645 6,078 6,665 7,546 8,671 10,953 12,538 14,389 18,421 20,125 23,876 30,283 34,949 38,274... PRODUCTION INDEXES period averages Agriculture 2004 2006 = 100 66.1 68.6 74.1 76.9 81.6 87.2 91.4 96.3 99.9 103.8 109.2 113.9 116.8 120.3 125.8 135.1 136.4... ENERGY annual values Crude petroleum thousand metric tons Production 10,090 12,500 15,217 16,291 16,833 16,863 17,700 20,051 18,519 16,800 15,920 14,904 16,360 15,014 15,185 16,739 16,705 17,392 Exports 9,638 12,145 14,882 15,424 16,732 16,876 17,143 19,501 17,967 16,442 15,062 13,752 13,373 8,072 8,240 9,251 8,398 9,306 Imports h 5,958 6,852 7,425 8,747 9,083 9,971 9,936 11,048 11,477 11,225 12,850 12,857 398 492 629 729 1,312 704 Consumption...................................................... Coal thousand metric tons Production 11,388 11,672 9,629 11,609 13,397 16,409 19,300 27,349 34,093 38,778 42,483 39,777 44,078 44,835 46,611 42,083 41,064 41,697 Exports 3,454 3,162 3,260 3,251 4,292 6,047 7,262 11,636 17,988 29,308 32,072 19,358 24,992 19,876 17,163 15,219 12,802 7,265 Consumption...................................................... Electricity million kilowatt-hours Production 19,253 21,694 23,599 26,682 30,673 35,888 40,500 46,202 52,078 57,917 64,147 70,960 80,643 91,722 101,499 115,147 124,454 140,237 Consumption...................................................... PRICE INDEXES period averages Consumer 2005 2009 = 100 72.5 78.2 81.5 80.2 79.8 83.0 85.7 92.3 100.0 107.4 116.5 143.4 100.0 110.0 130.4 142.4 151.8 158.0 Producer 2000 2005 = 100......... 100.0... 103.9 106.2 114.4 100.0 104.2 111.3 135.6 145.6 164.0 194.2 200.9 211.4 218.3 Implicit GDP deflator 1994 2010 = 100 135.6 147.6 156.1 161.4 164.5 171.0 182.4 197.4 57.5 62.5 68.5 84.0 89.2 100.0 121.3 134.5 140.9 146.1 Price Indexes annual change, percent Consumer price index 3.2 7.8 4.3-1.6-0.5 4.0 3.2 7.8 8.3 7.4 8.4 23.1 6.7 9.2 18.6 9.2 6.6 4.1 Producer price index.................. 2.2 7.7 4.4 4.2 6.8 21.8 7.4 12.6 18.4 3.4 5.3 3.3 Implicit GDP deflator 6.6 8.8 5.7 3.4 1.9 4.0 6.7 8.2 9.0 8.6 9.6 22.7 6.2 12.1 21.3 10.9 4.8 3.7

4 Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2015 MONEY AND BANKING i billion dong; as of end of period Money supply (M1) 62,867 78,338 105,447 152,497 191,113 235,518 314,148 402,738 531,472 723,204 443,429 442,984 581,535 640,959 705,998 1,371,842 3,851,531 4,613,262 Currency in circulation 25,101 26,965 41,547 52,208 66,319 74,263 90,583 109,097 131,171 158,809 220,514 236,848 293,225 337,949 370,992 465,634 506,739 624,832 Demand deposits j 37,766 51,373 63,900 100,289 124,794 161,255 223,564 293,641 400,301 564,394 222,915 206,136 288,310 303,010 335,006 906,208 3,344,792 3,988,431 Quasi-money k 18,691 24,078 37,198 70,385 88,667 93,632 97,084 129,608 159,180 199,469 904,814 1,179,145 1,510,912 2,148,225 2,419,962 2,845,359 549,161 565,954 Money supply (M2) 81,558 102,416 142,646 222,882 279,781 329,150 411,232 532,346 690,652 922,672 1,348,244 1,622,130 2,092,447 2,789,184 3,125,960 4,217,200 4,400,692 5,179,216 Foreign assets (net) 20,996 31,204 61,613 95,692 117,615 117,418 131,402 145,910 191,077 287,925 410,414 428,929 312,264 266,567 300,823 593,223 612,697 825,954 Domestic credit 66,807 81,028 89,559 155,236 191,204 239,921 316,872 434,572 585,559 730,330 1,096,780 1,400,693 2,039,686 2,689,527 3,062,086 3,721,441 3,876,350 4,479,804 Claims on government sector 4,399 8,377 2,933-484 2,102 8,843 20,135 14,527 32,461 36,496 29,051 61,430 170,431 213,991 232,362 351,953 406,668 530,128 Claims on private sector l 30,979 72,651 86,626 155,720 189,103 231,078 296,737 420,046 553,098 693,834 1,067,729 1,339,263 1,869,255 2,475,535 2,829,723 3,369,488 3,469,683 3,949,676 Claims on other financial institutions m 31,429 Other items (net) -6,245-9,816-8,526-28,046-29,039-28,191-37,040-48,137-85,984-95,583-158,950-207,492-259,503-166,909-236,948-97,464-88,355-126,542 Money Supply (M2) annual change, percent 26.1 25.6 39.3 56.2 25.5 17.6 24.9 29.5 29.7 33.6 46.1 20.3 29.0 33.3 12.1 34.9 4.4 17.7 M2 percent of GDP at current market prices 26.0 28.4 35.7 50.5 58.1 61.4 67.0 68.3 75.6 86.9 108.1 100.4 115.7 129.3 112.4 129.9 122.8 131.5 Deposit Money Banks Demand deposits 14,874 20,242 25,600 41,985 48,626 53,725 69,758 92,831 114,858 138,460 222,915 206,136 288,310 303,010 335,006 439,241 510,539 615,364 Time and savings deposits 15,194 20,091 36,191 47,462 60,251 77,387 132,617 182,409 261,269 382,396 597,162 791,066 1,004,770 1,466,950 1,683,540 2,607,320 2,691,221 3,276,868 Interest Rates n percent per annum; period averages Savings 0.40 0.45 0.20 0.20 0.20 2.40 2.40 2.40 3.00 3.00 3.06 3.68 2.85 3.00 3.20 2.20 1.04 0.76 Time: 6 months 8.40 9.60 5.40 4.80 6.24 7.44 6.48 6.96 7.80 7.80 8.19 13.34 10.15 11.14 13.60 10.70 7.34 6.40 12 months o 9.60 11.40 7.20 6.24 6.84 7.80 7.20 7.56 8.40 8.40 8.80 13.46 10.37 11.50 13.00 11.50 8.48 7.62 GOVERNMENT FINANCE billion dong; fiscal year ending 31 December Total revenue and grants p 65,352 72,965 78,489 90,749 103,888 121,716 158,056 198,614 238,686 289,170 336,273 434,761 456,388 588,429 721,804 735,183 828,348 863,520 Total revenue p 62,766 70,822 76,128 88,721 101,877 119,466 155,087 195,737 234,897 281,273 330,261 425,348 448,480 576,561 709,701 724,916 817,224 857,087 Current revenue q 61,933 70,000 75,357 87,883 100,918 118,346 145,822 180,197 219,438 263,864 299,096 392,463 408,892 524,998 655,476 678,012 770,830 812,077 Taxes p 55,534 59,618 66,829 79,497 91,688 106,154 127,947 155,579 191,725 236,331 268,594 363,020 373,201 483,037 618,846 617,442 685,207 717,589 Nontaxes 6,399 10,382 8,528 8,386 9,230 12,192 17,875 24,618 27,714 27,532 30,502 29,443 35,691 41,961 36,630 60,570 85,623 94,488 Capital receipts 833 822 771 838 959 1,120 9,265 15,540 15,459 17,409 31,165 32,885 39,588 51,563 54,225 46,904 46,394 45,010 Grants 2,586 2,143 2,361 2,028 2,011 2,250 2,969 2,877 3,789 7,897 6,012 9,413 7,908 11,868 12,103 10,267 11,124 6,433 Total expenditure and net lending 77,627 78,814 91,870 109,633 120,968 134,090 171,408 197,476 247,749 276,170 347,468 424,864 531,704 632,857 735,041 844,181 1,008,538 1,035,452 Total expenditure r 70,749 73,419 84,817 99,751 117,285 129,434 162,151 187,353 229,092 268,410 336,312 411,836 508,029 586,317 706,428 913,647 1,031,573 1,008,572 Current expenditure s 51,267 52,905 55,120 70,127 77,049 84,216 102,522 121,238 149,893 180,069 232,010 292,374 326,666 403,151 498,122 644,835 759,893 800,532 Capital expenditure t 19,482 20,514 29,697 29,624 40,236 45,218 59,629 66,115 79,199 88,341 104,302 119,462 181,363 183,166 208,306 268,812 271,680 208,040 Net lending 6,878 5,395 7,053 9,882 3,683 4,656 9,257 10,123 18,657 7,760 11,156 13,028 23,675 46,540 28,613-69,466-23,035 26,880 Current surplus/deficit 10,666 17,095 20,237 17,756 23,869 34,130 43,300 58,959 69,545 83,795 67,085 100,089 82,226 121,847 157,354 33,177 10,937 11,545 Capital account surplus/deficit -18,649-19,692-28,926-28,786-39,277-44,098-50,364-50,575-63,740-70,932-73,137-86,577-141,775-131,603-154,081-221,908-225,286-163,030 Overall budgetary surplus/deficit -12,275-5,849-13,381-18,884-17,080-12,374-13,352 1,138-9,063 13,000-11,195 9,897-75,316-44,428-13,237-108,998-180,190-171,932 Financing Domestic borrowing 5,205-2,814 1,491 6,110 7,333 4,711 6,327 4,671 4,525 3,160-6,740-37,962 11,405 359,136 426,389 550,856...... Foreign borrowing 192 3,268 4,837 6,292 4,809 5,306 4,577 3,210 2,615 5,804 6,779 15,037 30,338 530,253 666,373 726,318...... Use of cash balances 6,878 5,395 7,053 6,482 4,938 2,357 2,448-9,019 1,923-21,964 11,156 13,028 33,573-844,960-1,079,524-1,135,868......

Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2015 5 Government Finance percent of GDP at current market prices Total revenue 20.0 19.6 19.0 20.1 21.2 22.3 25.3 25.1 25.7 26.5 26.5 26.3 24.8 26.7 25.5 22.3 22.8 21.8 Taxes p 17.7 16.5 16.7 18.0 19.1 19.8 20.9 20.0 21.0 22.3 21.5 22.5 20.6 22.4 22.3 19.0 19.1 18.2 Total expenditure r 22.6 20.3 21.2 22.6 24.4 24.2 26.4 24.0 25.1 25.3 27.0 25.5 28.1 27.2 25.4 28.2 28.8 25.6 Overall budgetary surplus/deficit -3.9-1.6-3.3-4.3-3.5-2.3-2.2 0.1-1.0 1.2-0.9 0.6-4.2-2.1-0.5-3.4-5.0-4.4 EXTERNAL TRADE million US dollars; calendar year Exports, fob 9,185 9,360 11,541 14,483 15,029 16,706 20,149 26,485 32,447 39,826 48,561 62,685 57,096 72,237 96,906 114,529 132,033 150,217 Imports, cif u 11,592 11,500 11,742 15,637 16,218 19,746 25,256 31,969 36,761 44,891 62,765 80,714 69,949 84,839 106,750 113,780 132,033 147,849 Trade balance -2,407-2,140-201 -1,154-1,189-3,040-5,107-5,484-4,314-5,065-14,204-18,029-12,853-12,602-9,844 749 0 2,368 External Trade annual change, percent Exports 26.6 1.9 23.3 25.5 3.8 11.2 20.6 31.4 22.5 22.7 21.9 29.1-8.9 26.5 34.2 18.2 15.3 13.8 Imports 4.0-0.8 2.1 33.2 3.7 21.8 27.9 26.6 15.0 22.1 39.8 28.6-13.3 21.3 25.8 6.6 16.0 12.0 Direction of Trade million US dollars; calendar year Exports, total 9,484 9,307 11,541 14,483 15,029 16,706 20,150 26,485 32,447 39,826 48,561 62,685 57,196 69,820 92,881 110,795 126,649 143,039 1. United States 287 469 504 733 1,065 2,453 3,939 5,025 5,924 7,845 10,105 11,887 11,356 14,238 16,928 19,668 23,869 28,656 2. Japan 1,675 1,514 1,786 2,575 2,510 2,437 2,909 3,542 4,340 5,240 6,090 8,468 6,292 7,728 10,781 13,060 13,651 14,704 3. China, People's Rep. of 474 440 746 1,536 1,417 1,518 1,883 2,899 3,228 3,243 3,646 4,850 4,909 7,309 11,125 12,388 13,259 14,906 4. Korea, Rep. of 417 229 320 353 406 469 492 608 664 843 1,243 1,794 2,065 3,092 4,715 5,580 6,631 7,144 5. Germany 411 552 654 730 722 729 855 1,065 1,086 1,445 1,855 2,073 1,885 2,373 3,367 4,095 4,730 5,185 6. Malaysia 142 115 256 414 337 348 454 624 1,028 1,254 1,555 2,030 1,682 2,093 2,832 4,496 4,926 3,931 7. Hong Kong, China 431 318 236 316 317 340 369 380 353 453 583 877 1,034 1,464 2,206 3,706 4,107 5,203 8. Australia 230 472 815 1,272 1,042 1,328 1,421 1,885 2,723 3,745 3,802 4,352 2,277 2,704 2,519 3,241 3,514 3,990 9. United Kingdom 265 336 421 479 512 572 755 1,010 1,016 1,180 1,431 1,581 1,329 1,682 2,398 3,034 3,699 3,652 10. Netherlands 267 304 343 391 365 404 493 582 659 857 1,182 1,577 1,335 1,688 2,148 2,476 2,937 3,769 Imports, total 11,875 11,310 11,742 15,637 16,218 19,746 25,261 31,969 36,761 44,891 62,765 80,714 69,949 83,365 104,510 111,640 129,004 144,558 1. China, People's Rep. of 404 515 673 1,401 1,606 2,159 3,139 4,595 5,900 7,391 12,710 15,974 16,441 20,019 24,594 28,786 36,954 43,868 2. Korea, Rep. of 1,564 1,421 1,486 1,754 1,887 2,280 2,625 3,359 3,594 3,908 5,340 7,255 6,976 9,761 13,176 15,536 20,698 21,736 3. Japan 1,509 1,482 1,618 2,301 2,183 2,505 2,982 3,553 4,074 4,702 6,189 8,240 7,468 9,016 10,400 11,603 11,612 12,909 4. Taipei,China 1,485 1,378 1,566 1,880 2,009 2,525 2,916 3,698 4,304 4,825 6,947 8,363 6,253 6,977 8,557 8,534 9,424 11,085 5. Thailand 575 674 562 811 792 955 1,282 1,859 2,374 3,034 3,744 4,906 4,514 5,602 6,384 5,792 6,311 7,119 6. Singapore 2,128 1,964 1,878 2,694 2,478 2,534 2,876 3,618 4,482 6,274 7,614 9,378 4,248 4,101 6,391 6,690 5,703 6,827 7. United States 252 326 323 364 411 458 1,143 1,134 863 987 1,701 2,647 3,009 3,767 4,529 4,827 5,232 6,284 8. Malaysia 227 249 305 389 464 683 925 1,215 1,257 1,482 2,290 2,596 2,505 3,413 3,920 3,412 4,104 4,193 9. India 85 109 138 178 228 325 457 594 596 880 1,357 2,094 1,635 1,762 2,346 2,161 2,883 3,132 10. Germany 281 360 269 295 397 558 615 694 662 915 1,309 1,480 1,587 1,742 2,199 2,377 2,963 2,623 BALANCE OF PAYMENTS million US dollars; calendar year Merchandise exports, fob 9,185 9,361 11,540 14,448 15,027 16,706 20,149 26,485 32,447 39,826 48,561 62,685 57,096 72,237 96,906 114,529 132,032 150,217 Merchandise imports, fob -10,432-10,350-10,568-14,072-14,546-17,760-22,730-28,722-34,886-42,602-58,999-75,468-64,703-77,373-97,356-105,815-123,319-138,091 Trade balance v -1,247-989 972 376 481-1,054-2,581-2,237-2,439-2,776-10,438-12,783-7,607-5,136-450 8,714 8,713 12,126 Other goods, services, and income w -1,166-1,207-976 -1,001-1,049-1,470-1,589-1,763-1,501-1,437-3,084-5,351-5,449-7,025-8,002-7,659-10,446-12,590 Credit 2,666 2,743 2,635 3,033 3,128 3,115 3,397 4,055 4,540 5,768 7,196 8,363 6,519 7,916 9,087 9,915 10,991 11,293 Debit -3,832-3,950-3,611-4,034-4,177-4,585-4,986-5,818-6,041-7,205-10,280-13,714-11,968-14,941-17,089-17,574-21,437-23,883

6 Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2015 Unrequited transfers x 885 1,122 1,181 1,732 1,250 1,921 2,239 3,093 3,380 4,049 6,430 7,311 6,448 7,885 8,685 8,212 9,477 9,608 Private............ 1,100 1,767 2,100 2,919 3,150 3,800 6,180 6,804 6,018 7,548 8,157 7,757 8,927 8,908 Official............ 150 154 139 174 230 249 250 507 430 337 528 455 550 700 Current balance -1,528-1,074 1,177 1,107 682-603 -1,931-957 -560-164 -7,092-10,823-6,608-4,276 233 9,267 7,744 9,144 Capital account........................ 3,087 3,088 17,730 12,341 6,755 6,201 6,490 8,729-283 5,525 Direct investment 2,220 1,671 1,412 1,298 1,300 1,400 1,450 1,610 1,889 2,315 6,516 9,279 6,900 7,100 6,569 7,168 6,944 8,050 Portfolio investment........................ 865 1,313 6,243-578 -71 2,370 1,460 1,990 1,460 93 Other short-term capital -520-293 -117-29 -22 7 26-54 46-30 79 1,971 256 1,043 1,615 1,306 81 1,039 Other long-term capital y 356 228 2 65 139-51 457 1,162 921 1,025 2,269 992 4,473 2,751 3,285 4,307 3,497 5,613 Money and deposits -112-537 -787-2,088-1,197 624 1,372 35-634 -1,535 2,623 677-4,803-7,063-6,439-6,042-12,265-9,270 Net errors and omissions -279-218 -917-676 -862-1,020 777-913 -396 1,398-439 -1,045-9,022-3,690-5,574-6,129-6,904-6,294 Overall balance 137-223 770-323 40 357 2,151 883 2,131 4,322 10,199 473-8,875-1,765 1,149 11,867 557 8,375 Monetary movements z -137 223-770 323-40 -357-2,151-883 -2,131-4,322-10,199-473 8,875 1,765-1,149-11,867-557 -8,375 Balance of Payments percent of GDP at current market prices Exports 34.2 34.4 40.2 46.3 46.0 47.6 50.9 53.5 56.3 60.0 62.7 63.2 53.9 62.3 71.4 73.5 77.1 80.7 Imports -38.9-38.0-36.8-45.1-44.5-50.7-57.5-58.0-60.5-64.2-76.2-76.1-61.0-66.7-71.8-67.9-72.0-74.2 Trade balance -4.6-3.6 3.4 1.2 1.5-3.0-6.5-4.5-4.2-4.2-13.5-12.9-7.2-4.4-0.3 5.6 5.1 6.5 Current account balance -5.7-3.9 4.1 3.6 2.1-1.7-4.9-1.9-1.0-0.2-9.2-10.9-6.2-3.7 0.2 5.9 4.5 4.9 Overall balance 0.5-0.8 2.7-1.0 0.1 1.0 5.4 1.8 3.7 6.5 13.2 0.5-8.4-1.5 0.8 7.6 0.3 4.5 INTERNATIONAL RESERVES million US dollars; as of end of period Total 2,098.1 2,100.5 3,423.4 3,509.6 3,765.1 4,231.8 6,359.1 7,186.1 9,216.5 13,591.0 23,747.7 24,176.0 16,803.2 12,926.2 14,045.5 26,112.8 26,287.2 34,575.2 Gold, national valuation 112.3 98.2 97.3 93.1 90.6 110.8 135.0 144.6 165.9 206.9 268.3 285.7 356.1 459.6 506.4 539.5 393.7 385.8 Foreign exchange 1,973.1 1,999.7 3,324.7 3,416.2 3,660.0 4,121.0 6,222.0 7,041.0 9,049.7 13,382.5 23,471.8 23,882.0 16,027.4 12,054.1 13,127.6 25,161.3 25,480.7 33,801.1 Reserve position in the IMF 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 SDRs 12.7 2.5 1.5 0.3 14.6 0.0 2.2 0.5 0.9 1.6 7.6 8.2 419.7 412.5 411.5 412.0 412.8 388.3 EXCHANGE RATES dong per US dollar End of period 12,292 13,890 14,028 14,514 15,084 15,403 15,646 15,777 15,916 16,054 16,114 16,977 17,941 18,932 20,828 20,828 21,036 21,246 Average of period 11,683 13,268 13,943 14,168 14,725 15,280 15,510 15,746 15,859 15,994 16,105 16,302 17,065 18,613 20,510 20,828 20,933 21,148 EXTERNAL INDEBTEDNESS million US dollars; as of end of period Total debt outstanding and disbursed 21,751 22,432 23,249 12,859 12,617 13,347 15,958 17,993 19,039 18,649 23,285 26,488 33,084 44,923 53,072 59,119 65,461... Long-term debt 18,957 19,848 20,452 11,558 11,408 12,117 14,260 15,501 16,193 15,969 18,416 22,014 27,320 37,444 42,612 48,746 54,404... Public and publicly guaranteed 18,957 19,848 20,452 11,558 11,408 12,117 14,260 15,501 16,193 15,969 18,416 22,014 27,320 32,764 36,750 39,940 42,918... Private nonguaranteed 4,680 5,862 8,806 11,486... Short-term debt 2,342 2,193 2,376 923 783 784 1,289 2,141 2,574 2,427 4,630 4,279 5,186 6,949 9,964 9,889 10,572... Use of IMF credit 452 391 420 378 426 446 409 351 272 252 239 195 578 529 496 484 485... External debt percent of GNI 82.5 84.0 82.1 38.7 36.2 35.7 37.9 37.0 33.7 28.7 30.9 27.5 32.6 40.3 40.9 39.7 40.2... Total long-term debt percent of total debt 87.2 88.5 88.0 89.9 90.4 90.8 89.4 86.1 85.1 85.6 79.1 83.1 82.6 83.4 80.3 82.5 83.1... Short-term debt percent of total debt 10.8 9.8 10.2 7.2 6.2 5.9 8.1 11.9 13.5 13.0 19.9 16.2 15.7 15.5 18.8 16.7 16.1... Debt service percent of exports of goods and services 7.5 9.0 10.0 7.5 6.7 6.1 3.6 2.7 2.6 2.1 2.3 2.0 2.3 2.3 3.9 3.6 3.5...

Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2015 7 Debt service million US dollars; transactions during the year Principal repayments on long-term debt 504.3 588.8 1,023.8 936.7 791.3 844.0 473.6 384.1 480.4 477.0 616.8 770.0 915.0 1,048.3 3,082.2 3,275.6 3,850.9 4,448.8 Interest on long-term debt 268.3 385.7 324.1 295.8 352.2 275.3 269.3 305.4 317.4 327.5 418.2 464.4 475.7 706.7 902.4 1,011.7 1,074.1 1,629.1 Interest on short-term debt 47.1 36.0 33.4 51.3 27.9 23.3 28.7 49.4 114.7 123.2 194.1 133.6 61.0 78.9 105.5 190.9 145.4... Average terms of new commitments Interest percent per annum 3.2 2.4 2.3 1.4 1.0 1.3 1.9 1.8 2.8 3.0 3.0 2.4 1.2 2.3 2.3 1.8 1.8... Maturity years 27.2 29.4 33.9 36.0 38.5 36.0 28.4 29.4 27.1 28.7 26.4 28.0 27.9 23.2 27.0 25.9 25.3... Grace period years 7.6 8.2 9.0 9.5 9.7 9.8 7.7 7.8 9.4 7.5 8.2 7.9 7.8 7.8 7.9 6.8 7.0... Grant element percent 52.6 59.7 63.8 73.0 76.8 73.6 61.7 63.8 57.3 55.5 54.6 58.8 65.5 56.5 58.1 60.3 60.5.... = data not available at cutoff date; = marks break in the series; 0 or 0.0 = magnitude is less than half of unit employed; = magnitude equals zero; * = provisional/preliminary/estimate/budget figure; cif = cost, insurance, and freight; fob = free on board; GDP = gross domestic product; GNI = gross national income; IMF = International Monetary Fund; SDRs = special drawing rights; US = United States. a Refers to total number of persons engaged in any activity regardless of age. b From 2006 on, item refers to urban area only. c Item includes forestry and fishing. d Refers to public administration and defense, compulsory social security, science activities and technology, education and training, health and social work and recreation, cultural and sporting activities. e From 2004 on, methodology was revised and 2010 was used as a base year rather than 1994. f Refers to exports less imports of goods and services for 1997 2000. g Derived from balance-of-payments data. h Refers to imports of refined petroleum products. i Expanded monetary survey that includes 4 government and 24 nongovernment commercial banks. j Item includes time and savings deposits and deposit substitutes. k Refers to foreign currency deposits. l Includes cooperatives. m Prior to 1998, item refers to claims on state enterprises. n Data from 2011 to 2014 were estimated based on the annual non-weighted average of the monthly deposit rates provided by the Hochiminh City Securities Company. o From 1997 to 2010, refers to maximum interest per annum for state enterprise deposits. p Tax revenue includes local government taxes. q Item refers to recurrent revenue. r Total expenditure includes local government expenditure. s Item refers to recurrent expenditure. t Item refers to development investment expenditure. u Includes foreign aid in goods. v Trade with the former Council of Mutual Economic Assistance has been denominated in convertible currencies. w Item refers to net services and income only. x Item refers to net current transfers. y Includes medium-term loans. z Refers to change in net foreign assets of central bank, arrears, and rescheduling. Sources: Population Labor Force National Accounts General Statistics Office (GSO). Official communication, 20 July 2015; past communication. GSO. Official communication, 20 July 2015; past communication. GSO. Official communication, 20 July 2015; past communication.

8 Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2015 Production Indexes Agriculture Food and Agriculture Organization. FAOSTAT. http://faostat3.fao.org/home/e (accessed 8 June 2015). Energy Price Indexes Money and Banking Government Finance External Trade For 1997 2001: GSO. Statistical Yearbook 2003; past issues. For 2002 2014: GSO. Official communication, 20 July 2015; past communication. GSO. Official communication, 20 July 2015; past communication. State Bank of (SBV). Official communication, 17 July 2015; past communication. Ministry of Finance. Official communication, 24 July 2015; past communication. For 1997 2000: GSO. Statistical Yearbook 2003; past issues. For 2001 2014: GSO. Official communication, 20 July 2015; past communication. Direction of Trade International Monetary Fund (IMF). Direction of Trade Statistics. http://elibrary-data.imf.org/ (accessed 1 July 2015). Balance of Payments SBV. Official communication, 17 July 2015; past communication. International Reserves IMF. International Financial Statistics CD-ROM, May 2015. Exchange Rates External Indebtedness World Bank. World Development Indicators and International Debt Statistics. http://data.worldbank.org/indicator (accessed 15 June 2015).