Impacts of Mega-Earthquake 2015: Nepal s Efforts on Rebuilding & Recovery Dr. Bishnu B. Bhandari Member National Reconstruction Authority FIG Work Week, 2-6 May 2006, Christchurch, New Zealand
Mega Earthquake of 2015
Khadichaur, Sindhu Palchok Destructions in Rural Area
Destructions in Urban Area
(1)Dharahar Tower (2) Cracks in City Road Destructions of Infrastructures (3) Durbar High School 4. School in Gorkha
Vital Statistics on Damage & Loss Human Loss Casualties = 8,790 Potential Year of Life Lost (PYLL) = 3,100 (ICIMOD) Injured = 22,300 Missing = 300 Displaced = 100,000 (ICIMOD) Population = 8 million (affected) Structures Structures = 769,693 Classrooms = 31,000 Livelihood Home-based work place = 74,500 Small & Cottage Industries = 57,308 Livestock = 59,000 Birds = Over 5 lakh Small Irrigation = 1800 Damages of countless factories/infra Source: PDNA (2015) & ICIMOD (2015)
Severity of Impacts by District
The Build Back Better Approach
The Build Back Better Approach Preparedness Shelter Build Back Better Disaster Management Livelihood
Initial Works Emergency rescue, response & search International Conference on Nepal s Reconstruction. June 25, 2015 PDNA (Post Disaster Needs Assessment) contains loss and damages and total cost sectorwise prepared. 6.69 billion US $ needed for reconstruction. National Planning Commission designated as responsible organization. Formation of National Construction Authority (NRA)
What NRA has done in 4 months? 1. Affected household surveyed in 11 districts: 3,19,912 beneficiaries identified from about 400 villages. 1600 engineers involved 2. Reconstruction Policy already in place. Others s includes Grant distribution procedures Environmental Impact Assessment Land Acquisition & Land Distribution Procedure Procurement Procedure
What NRA has done in 4 months? 3. Grants distributed to 6000 household and it is simultaneously going on in 11 districts. 4. Set up of PIUs in 3 ministries, budget allocated to those ministries 5. Recruitment of 2,700 engineers for each village. 1100 engineers already sent to villages.
What NRA has done in 4 months? 6. Course content prepared for training social mobilizers, mason workers. Now the course is being pre-tested. 7. Post Disaster Recovery Framework (PDRF) under preparation. - Based on PDNA - 5 year framework of programs of sectoral ministries and areas - Answers 5W s2h - Short, medium & long-term plams
Funding Allocation by Source (Total Estimate = US $ 8.2 Billion) Source Amount Domestic Revenue 1.35 External Aid 1.20 (Pledged US$ = 4.10) Sub-total 2.55 Total =8.2 billion Source: PDRF, 2016 Note: (1) In case of external aid, only 29% of the pledged money available. 71% is yet t o be committed. (2) Of the total estimate of 8.2 billion, only 31% is available. About 69 % is yet to be committed
Earthquake Resistant Shelter
Shelter Construction Houses should be built by owners themselves 17 types of drawings + Checklist for RCC building and Indigenous houses. Structures should be resistant to earthquake Grant is given in 3 installments Government provides technical support, subsidized construction materials & others Integrated relocation planning
Construction Arrangement MOFALD Enrollment/Registration of the Affected Household DUDBC Quality Control & Supervision OWNER Owner-driven House Construction National Reconstruction Authority (NRA) is responsible for oversight, monitoring, catalysis & coordination
Forms of Livelihood
(1) Orphans (2) Post Traumatic Stress (3) People with Disability (4) Person who lost spouse (5) The Elderly People (6) Injured (7) Damaged Animal Shelter
(7) Souvenir (8) Wood Carving (9) Paper Making (10) Pottery
Livelihood Options Employment Dignified Livelihood Engagement Social Protection
Social Protection (1) Single Woman (2) Orphans (3) Elderly Person (4) Injured (5) The disadvantaged (6) Dalit (7) Janjati
Major Areas of 1. The intricacy of land-shelter-livelihood nexus Land Shelter Livelihood
Some Problems 1. Blending effectively Science + Culture + Geography. 2. Banking system, not easy & not accessible 3. The position of village secretary vacant 4. Enrollment procedure itself cumbersome
Your suggestions are welcome. Thank you