P7 Financial Accounting and Tax Principles

Transcription

1 Financial Management Pillar Managerial Level Paper P7 Financial Accounting and Tax Principles 26 November 2009 Thursday Afternoon Session Instructions to candidates You are allowed three hours to answer this question paper. You are allowed 20 minutes reading time before the examination begins during which you should read the question paper and, if you wish, highlight and/or make notes on the question paper. However, you will not be allowed, under any circumstances, to open the answer book and start writing or use your calculator during this reading time. You are strongly advised to carefully read ALL the question requirements before attempting the question concerned (that is all parts and/or subquestions). The requirements for the questions in Sections B and C are highlighted in a dotted box. ALL answers must be written in the answer book. Answers or notes written on the question paper will not be submitted for marking. Answer the ONE compulsory question in Section A. This has 17 subquestions on pages 2 to 6. Answer the SIX compulsory sub-questions in Section B on pages 7 to 10. Answer the ONE compulsory question in Section C on pages 12 and 13. Maths Tables and Formulae are provided on pages 15 to 17. These pages are detachable for ease of reference. The list of verbs as published in the syllabus is given for reference on the inside back cover of this question paper. Write your candidate number, the paper number and examination subject title in the spaces provided on the front of the answer book. Also write your contact ID and name in the space provided in the right hand margin and seal to close. Tick the appropriate boxes on the front of the answer book to indicate which questions you have answered. P7 Financial Accounting and Tax Principles TURN OVER The Chartered Institute of Management Accountants 2009

2 SECTION A 40 MARKS [the indicative time for answering this Section is 72 minutes] ANSWER ALL SEVENTEEN SUB-QUESTIONS Instructions for answering Section A: The answers to the seventeen sub-questions in Section A must ALL be written in your answer book. Your answers should be clearly numbered with the sub-question number and then ruled off, so that the markers know which sub-question you are answering. For multiple choice questions, you need only write the sub-question number and the letter of the answer option you have chosen. You do not need to start a new page for each sub-question. For sub-questions 1.14, 1.15, 1.16 and 1.17 you should show your workings as marks are available for the method you use to answer these sub-questions. Question One 1.1 Which ONE of the following taxes would be classified as an indirect tax? A B C D Value added tax / sales tax Corporate income tax An individual s income tax deducted at source (PAYE) Capital gains tax 1.2 According to the International Accounting Standards Board s (IASB) Framework for the Preparation and Presentation of Financial Statements (Framework), which two of the following are elements of reliability? (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) Consistency Substance over form Understandability Completeness A B C D (i) and (iii) (i) and (iv) (ii) and (iii) (ii) and (iv) November P7

3 1.3 Which ONE of the following matters is NOT normally covered by the auditor s report? A B C Whether the accounts have been prepared in accordance with relevant international accounting standards Whether the entity has kept proper accounting records Whether the financial statements agree with the accounting records D Whether the entity has been managed efficiently 1.4 Which ONE of the following is an example of formal incidence, but not effective incidence? A B C D An entity assessed for corporate income tax by the tax authorities An entity charges VAT on its sales and pays its net VAT to the tax authority An employee is assessed for income tax by the tax authority A resident is charged property tax by local government 1.5 JT is registered with its local tax authority and can reclaim value added tax paid on items purchased. During the year JT purchased a large machine from another country. The supplier invoiced JT as follows: Cost of basic machine Special modifications made to basic design Supplier s engineer s time installing and initial testing of machine Three years maintenance and servicing Value added 20% Total $ 100,000 15,000 2,000 21, ,000 27, ,600 Prior to delivery, JT spent $12,000 preparing a heavy duty concrete base for the machine. Calculate the amount that JT should debit to non-current assets for the cost of the machine. Section A continues over the page P7 3 November 2009

4 1.6 JL has raised $15 million cash to pay for a contract to build and equip a new manufacturing facility. However, the project has been delayed by planning officers in the local government offices. JL is hoping that the contract will commence in approximately 3 to 6 months time. Which ONE of the following is the LEAST appropriate for JL to invest the $15 million in until it is required? A B C D Treasury bills Investment in quoted equity shares Bank deposit accounts Short term local authority bonds 1.7 According to IAS 8 Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates and Errors, which ONE of the following would require a prior period adjustment in JE s financial statements for the year ended 31 October 2009? A B C D Inventory at 31 October 2008 had been materially over-valued due to an error in the yearend inventory count that caused inventory in one warehouse to be counted twice. The straight line method of depreciation used to depreciate vehicles up to 31 October 2008 was changed by JE to reducing balance method from 1 November JE acquired a business from a sole trader on 1 December JE amortised the goodwill over 20 years. On 1 November 2008 JE ceased amortisation of goodwill as required by IFRS 3 Business Combinations. On 1 November 2008, JE decided to change the method of calculating attributable profit recognised on uncompleted construction contracts from the percentage of cost method to the percentage of work completed method. 1.8 Which ONE of the following is NOT an advantage of forfaiting to an exporter? A B C D It is non-recourse, no liability remains with the exporter Trade receivables can be turned into immediate cash Future foreign exchange risk is eliminated It can be held as an investment to earn high interest rate 1.9 Which ONE of the following would affect the balance on the bank statement at the year end? A B C D A bad debt write-off at the year end Bank charges accrued at the year end Revaluation of a plot of land during the year Entering into a finance lease during the year with rentals due in advance November P7

5 1.10 Which ONE of the following is NOT a function of the IASB? A B C Enforcing international financial reporting standards Issuing international financial reporting standards Approving International Financial Reporting Interpretations Committee s interpretations of international financial reporting standards D Issuing exposure drafts for public comment 1.11 Briefly define the meaning of tax evasion Calculate the economic order quantity for the following item of inventory: Cost per unit $50 Quantity required per year 61,000 Order costs $16 per order Inventory holding costs are estimated at 2.5% of inventory value, per year 1.13 Double tax treaties provide for the relief of foreign tax by one of three methods. List TWO of the methods used to provide double tax relief JC purchases an item of plant and machinery costing $900,000 on 1 October 2007, which qualifies for 50% tax allowances in the first year and 25% per year thereafter, on the reducing balance basis. JC s policy in respect of plant and machinery is to charge depreciation on a straight line basis over eight years. The residual value is estimated at $100,000. Assume there are no other temporary differences in the period and a tax rate of 25%. Calculate the amount of any deferred tax balance at 30 September (3 marks) 1.15 All of JS s customers settle their accounts at the end of 30 days. JS needs to increase its cashflow and is considering offering a 2% discount to all customers for payment within 10 days. Calculate the equivalent annual interest rate to JS of offering this discount. Assume a 365-day year and use compound interest methodology. (3 marks) 1.16 A government bond will repay its nominal value of $1,000 in four years time. The coupon rate is 5% and its current price is $1,100, excluding interest. Calculate the bond s yield to maturity. TURN OVER (4 marks) P7 5 November 2009

6 1.17 On 1 September 2008 JS issued 200,000 $1 cumulative, redeemable 4% preferred shares at par. Issue expenses were $5,000. The preferred shares are redeemable on 31 August 2013 at a premium of $13,000. You may assume the effective interest rate is 5.75% Calculate the total finance cost of issuing the preferred shares and calculate the charge to each of the income statements for the years ended 31 August 2009 and (4 marks) (Total for Question One = 40 marks) Reminder All answers to Section A must be written in your answer book. Answers to Section A written on the question paper will not be submitted for marking. End of Section A Section B begins on page 7 November P7

7 SECTION B 30 MARKS [indicative time for answering this Section is 54 minutes] ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS. YOU SHOULD SHOW YOUR WORKINGS AS MARKS ARE AVAILABLE FOR THE METHOD YOU USE Question Two (a) Required: Identify five of the purposes of the Framework for the Preparation and Presentation of Financial Statements, as set out by the International Accounting Standards Board. (Total for Question Two (a) = 5 marks) (b) JB, a small expanding manufacturing entity, has an overdraft balance of $500,000. JB has recently increased its production capacity and has used the bank overdraft to purchase materials and to pay workers to produce increased quantities of finished goods inventory. The inventory is now being sold and JB expects to be able to generate an additional $50,000 cash surplus a month, commencing this month. Due to the current financial difficulties in JB s country, its bank has given notice to JB that it must reduce its overdraft by $250,000 within the next three months. Required (i) Calculate how much cash JB needs to raise to reduce its overdraft by $250,000 within the next three months. (ii) Identify three alternative sources of finance that JB may be able to use to raise the cash it requires. (Total for Question Two (b) = 5 marks) Section B continues over the page TURN OVER P7 7 November 2009

8 (c) The following is an extract from JE s financial statements for the years ended 30 September 2008 and At 30 September 2008 At 30 September 2009 Balance sheet extracts $000 $000 Current assets Trade receivables Inventory Bank and cash equivalents Current liabilities Trade payables Bank overdraft Income statement extracts Revenue (all credit sales) 2,250 3,150 Cost of sales* 1,910 2,800 Gross profit *There are no purchases for cash Required: Calculate five relevant working capital and efficiency ratios for JE for the two years ended 30 September 2008 and (Total for Question Two (c) = 5 marks) (d) JG sells large scale computer systems hardware. The price charged to its customers includes an amount for two years repair and maintenance. JG sold computer hardware to a customer on 1 April 2009 and invoiced the customer as follows: $ Supply of computer hardware 1,500,000 Two years repair and maintenance 400,000 1,900,000 Value added tax at 20% 380,000 2,280,000 Required: (i) (ii) Identify the conditions that are required to be met before income from the sale of services can be recognised according to IAS 18 Revenue. Explain how the repair and maintenance contract will be treated in the financial statements of JG for the year ended 30 September (Total for Question Two (d) = 5 marks) November P7

9 (e) Country Y has the following tax regulations in force: Corporate income is taxed at the rate of 25% When calculating corporate income tax Country Y does not allow the following types of expenses to be charged against taxable income: ס Entertainment expenses ס Accounting depreciation of non-current assets The following is an extract from JW s income statement for the year to 31 December 2008: $ Revenue 669,000 Cost of Sales (320,000) Gross profit 349,000 Administrative expenses (124,000) Distribution costs (30,000) 195,000 Finance cost (45,000) Profit before tax 150,000 Cost of sales includes depreciation charges of $27,000 for property, plant and equipment. Distribution costs include a depreciation charge for a new vehicle (see below). Included in administrative expenses are entertainment costs of $2,200. JW has been using third party delivery firms to get its products to customers. This has not proved very reliable, so on 1 January 2008 JW purchased its first delivery vehicle for $12,000. The vehicle qualified for first year tax allowance of 40%. It had an estimated useful life of six years with no residual value. The property, plant and equipment qualified for tax depreciation allowance of $40,000 in the year ended 31 December Required: (i) (ii) Calculate the estimated amount of corporate income tax that JW is due to pay for the year ended 31 December Prepare the note to the income statement for income tax expense for the year ended 31 December (Total for Question Two (e) = 5 marks) Section B Question 2 continues over the page TURN OVER P7 9 November 2009

10 (f) JX acquired the business and assets of a sole trader for $700,000 on 1 November The fair value of the identifiable assets acquired were: $000 Non-current intangible assets Brand Z brand name 200 Deferred development expenditure 90 Non-current tangible assets Property, plant and equipment 350 Current assets Inventory The deferred development expenditure related to expenditure incurred on development of a new product. After the acquisition JX continued developing this new product and spent a further $500,000 completing the development and getting the product ready for market. The product was launched on 1 November The new product is expected to generate significant profits for JX over the next five years. On 31 October 2009 brand Z was independently valued at $250,000 Required: Explain how JX should treat the following items relating to the acquisition in its financial statements for the year ended 31 October (i) Goodwill (ii) The development expenditure (iii) Brand Z (Total for Question Two (f) = 5 marks) (Total for Section B = 30 marks) End of Section B Section C begins on page 12 November P7

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12 SECTION C 30 MARKS [The indicative time for answering this Section is 54 minutes] ANSWER THIS QUESTION. YOU SHOULD SHOW YOUR WORKINGS AS MARKS ARE AVAILABLE FOR THE METHOD YOU USE Question Three JZ is a manufacturing and construction entity. JZ produces pre-fabricated building sections and undertakes construction contracts for clients. JZ s trial balance at 30 September 2009 is shown below: $000 $000 5% bond (see note i) 1,800 Administrative expenses 784 Cash and cash equivalents 87 Cash received on account from construction contract client (see note ii) 95 Contract work in progress (see note ii) 74 Cost of goods sold (excluding depreciation and construction contract) 2,561 Distribution costs 405 Equity shares $1 each, fully paid 1,500 Inventory at 30 September 2009 (excluding construction contract) 212 Lease payment (see note iii) 60 Loan interest paid 45 Plant and equipment at cost at 30 September 2008 (see note iv) 3,680 Property at cost at 30 September 2008 (see notes v & vi) 10,960 Provision for deferred tax at 30 September 2008 (see note vii) 620 Provision for depreciation at 30 September 2008: (see notes viii, ix &x) Property 1,930 Plant and equipment 1,720 Provision for legal claim (see note xi) 45 Retained earnings at 30 September ,064 Revenue 7,720 Share premium (see note xii) at 30 September Suspense account (see note vi) 1,320 Trade payables 741 Trade receivables ,805 19,805 Further Information: (i) The 5% bond, was issued on the 1 October 2008 for 20 years, and has interest paid twice a year. (ii) JZ signed a construction contract on 1 November The contract was for 3 years and had a fixed price of $300,000. JZ uses the value of work completed method to recognise attributable profit on construction contracts. At 30 September 2009 a quantity surveyor certified that JZ had completed 35% of the contract. JZ estimates that the additional cost to complete the contract is $124,000. All costs incurred to date are included under contract work in progress in the trial balance. (iii) JZ acquired new equipment on 1 October 2008 using a finance lease. The fair value of the equipment was $300,000, which is approximately equal to the present value of the minimum lease payment. JZ agreed to make 6 annual payments of $60,000 in advance, commencing on 1 October Only the rental payment has so far been recorded in the accounts. The interest rate implicit in the lease is 7.93%. (iv) Obsolete plant was disposed of during the year. The plant had cost $720,000, was fully depreciated and had no scrap value. (v) The property cost of $10,960,000 consisted of land $3,500,000 and buildings $7,460,000. November P7

13 (vi) On 1 March 2009 JZ disposed of a piece of surplus land for $1,320,000, which had originally cost $600,000. Cash received has been correctly posted to the bank account and the credit entry posted to suspense. Under local tax legislation no tax charge arises from this sale. (vii) The deferred tax provision is to be reduced to $600,000. (viii) Plant and equipment is depreciated at 25% per annum using the reducing balance method and is treated as cost of sales. (ix) Buildings are depreciated at 5% per annum on the straight line basis. No buildings were fully depreciated at 30 September Buildings depreciation is treated as an administrative expense. (x) JZ charges a full years depreciation in the year of acquisition and none in the year of disposal. (xi) On 15 th October 2009 the court reached a verdict on a long running legal case brought against JZ. The court awarded damages and costs to a customer of JZ, totalling $40,000. JZ had created a provision of $45,000 at 30 September 2008, this was charged to cost of sales. Legal advice at that time was that JZ would probably lose the case. (xii) During the year JZ issued 300,000 equity shares at a 50% premium. The issue is included in the trial balance. (xiii) The directors estimate the income tax charge on the year s profits at $795,000. (xiv) No dividends were paid during the year. Required: (a) (b) Prepare JZ s Property, Plant and Equipment note to the accounts for the year ended 30 September (5 marks) Prepare JZ s income statement and a statement of changes in equity for the year to 30 September 2009 and a balance sheet at that date, in a form suitable for presentation to the shareholders and in accordance with the requirements of international financial reporting standards. (All workings should be to the nearest $000) (25 marks) Notes to the financial statements are NOT required (except as specified in part (a) of the question) but all workings must be clearly shown. Do not prepare a statement of accounting policies. (Total for Question Three = 30 marks) (Total for Section C = 30 marks) End of Question Paper Maths Tables and Formulae are on pages TURN OVER P7 13 November 2009

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15 MATHS TABLES AND FORMULAE Present value table Present value of $1, that is (1 + r) -n where r = interest rate; n = number of periods until payment or receipt. Periods Interest rates (r) (n) 1% 2% 3% 4% 5% 6% 7% 8% 9% 10% Periods Interest rates (r) (n) 11% 12% 13% 14% 15% 16% 17% 18% 19% 20% P7 15 November 2009

16 Cumulative present value of $1 per annum Receivable or Payable at the end of each year for n years n 1 (1+ r ) r Periods Interest rates (r) (n) 1% 2% 3% 4% 5% 6% 7% 8% 9% 10% Periods Interest rates (r) (n) 11% 12% 13% 14% 15% 16% 17% 18% 19% 20% November P7

17 FORMULAE Valuation models (i) Future value of S, of a sum X, invested for n periods, compounded at r% interest: S = X[1 + r] n (ii) (iii) Present value of $1 payable or receivable in n years, discounted at r% per annum: 1 PV = n [1 + r ] Present value of an annuity of $1 per annum, receivable or payable for n years, commencing in one year, discounted at r% per annum: PV = n r [1 + r ] (iv) Present value of $1 per annum, payable or receivable in perpetuity, commencing in one year, discounted at r% per annum: PV = 1 r (v) Present value of $1 per annum, receivable or payable, commencing in one year, growing in perpetuity at a constant rate of g% per annum, discounted at r% per annum: PV = 1 r g Inventory management (i) Economic Order Quantity EOQ = where: C o = cost of placing an order 2C D C h = cost of holding one unit in Inventory for one year D = annual demand C o h Cash management (i) Optimal sale of securities, Baumol model: Optimal sale = 2 x Annual cash disbursements x Cost per sale of securities interest rate (ii) Spread between upper and lower cash balance limits, Miller-Orr model: Spread = 3 3 x transaction cost x variance of cash flows 4 interest rate 1 3 P7 17 November 2009

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19 LIST OF VERBS USED IN THE QUESTION REQUIREMENTS A list of the learning objectives and verbs that appear in the syllabus and in the question requirements for each question in this paper. It is important that you answer the question according to the definition of the verb. LEARNING OBJECTIVE VERBS USED DEFINITION 1 KNOWLEDGE What you are expected to know. List Make a list of State Express, fully or clearly, the details of/facts of Define Give the exact meaning of 2 COMPREHENSION What you are expected to understand. Describe Communicate the key features Distinguish Highlight the differences between Explain Make clear or intelligible/state the meaning of Identify Recognise, establish or select after consideration Illustrate Use an example to describe or explain something 3 APPLICATION How you are expected to apply your knowledge. 4 ANALYSIS How are you expected to analyse the detail of what you have learned. 5 EVALUATION How are you expected to use your learning to evaluate, make decisions or recommendations. Apply Calculate/compute Demonstrate Prepare Reconcile Solve Tabulate Analyse Categorise Compare and contrast Construct Discuss Interpret Produce Advise Evaluate Recommend To put to practical use To ascertain or reckon mathematically To prove with certainty or to exhibit by practical means To make or get ready for use To make or prove consistent/compatible Find an answer to Arrange in a table Examine in detail the structure of Place into a defined class or division Show the similarities and/or differences between To build up or compile To examine in detail by argument To translate into intelligible or familiar terms To create or bring into existence To counsel, inform or notify To appraise or assess the value of To advise on a course of action P7 19 November 2009

20 Financial Management Pillar Managerial Level P7 Financial Accounting and Tax Principles November 2009 Thursday Afternoon Session November P7