Uruguay Round. The GATT. A Negotiating History ( ) KLUWER LAW INTERNATIONAL TERENCE P. STEWART, EDITOR VOLUME IV: THE END GAME (PART I)

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Uruguay Round. The GATT. A Negotiating History ( ) KLUWER LAW INTERNATIONAL TERENCE P. STEWART, EDITOR VOLUME IV: THE END GAME (PART I)"

Transcription

1 The GATT Uruguay Round A Negotiating History ( ) TERENCE P. STEWART, EDITOR VOLUME IV: THE END GAME (PART I) KLUWER LAW INTERNATIONAL The Hague London Boston

2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction xxi Agriculture 1 I. Introduction 3 II. Chronology of the Final Stage of Negotiations 3 III. Key Issues in the Final Stage of the Negotiations 17 A. Request to Modify Volume-Based Special-Safeguard Provisions 17 B. Resolution of the Market-Access Dilemma in Japan and Korea Korean Compromise Japan Concession The Market-Access Commitments 22 C. Renegotiation of Blair House Agreement Internal Support a. Exemption from Reduction Commitments 24 b. Insulation from WTO Challenges and Countervailing Duty Actions Market Access and Tariffication Export Subsidies 27 D. Canada's Partial Split from Cairns Group with Respect to Import Quotas For Supply-Management Products 28 E. Special Treatment of Developing and Net-Food-Importing Countries 30 F. "Zero-for-Zero" Proposal on Oilseeds 31 IV. Textual Changes from the Dunkel Draft to the Final Agreement 33 A. Overview of the Agreement 42 B. Specific Changes to the Text of the SPS Agreement 44 V. Review of Market-Access Commitments of Selected Countries 45 A. United States 45 B. European Union 48 C. Canada 52 D. Australia 54 VI. Conclusion 55 A. Consistency with Original Negotiating Objectives 55 B. Concluding Remarks 57 Annexes 59 Comparison of Agriculture Provisions 61 GATT Documents 167 Bibliography 169 GATT Articles 183

3 xü Contents I. Understanding on the Interpretation of Article II.l(B) 184 II. Understanding on the Interpretation of Article XVII 186 III. Understanding on the Balance-of-Payments Provisions 187 IV. Understanding on the Interpretation of Article XXIV 189 V. Understanding in Respect of Waivers of Obligations (Article XXV) 191 VI. Understanding on the Interpretation of Article XXVIII 192 VII. Conclusion: The Punta Del Este Agenda 193 Annex: GATT Documents 195 Bibliography 199 Customs Valuations 203 I. Changes in Dispute Settlement 205 II. Special Rules for Developing Countries 207 III. Other Annex III Provisions 208 IV. Incorporated Ministerial Decisions 209 V. "Final Provisions" 211 Annex: GATT Documents 213 Bibliography 217 Subsidies and Countervailing Measures 219 I. Final Negotiations: December 1992-December A. Proposed Changes to Dunkel Draft Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures: December 1992/January B. Period of Stalemate: January 1993-November C. Final Stretch: November-December Final Negotiations and Changes to Dunkel Draft The U.S. Proposal to Expand R&D Subsidies 229 D. Completion and Wrap-Up: December 1993-April n. Subsidies and Countervailing Measures Agreement: A Summary of the Final Act Text of April III. Subsidies and Countervailing Measures Agreement 236 A. Part I: General Provisions Definitions of "Subsidy" Specificity 236 B. Part II: Prohibited Subsidies ("Red Light") Prohibited Subsidies Remedies 237 C. Part III: Actionable Subsidies ("Yellow Light") Adverse Effects Serious Prejudice Remedies 239 D. Part IV: Non-Actionable Subsidies ("Green Light") 240

4 Contents xiii 1. Assistance for Research and Development Assistance to Disadvantaged Regions Assistance to Promote Adaptation of Existing Facilities to New Environmental Requirements Notification and Review of Non-Actionable Subsidy Programmes Consultation and Authorized Remedies 244 E. Part V: Countervailing Measures Initiation and Subsequent Investigation Standing Evidence Consultations Calculation of the Amount of a Subsidy Determination of Injury Cumulation Definition of Domestic Injury Provisional Measures Undertakings Imposition of Countervailing Duties Retroactivity Anti-Circumvention Measures Duration and Review of Countervailing Duties Public Notice Judicial Review 254 F. Part VI: Institutions 254 G. Part VII: Notification and Surveillance 255 H. Part VIII: Developing Country Members 255 I. Part IX: Transitional Arrangements Existing Programmes Transformation into a Market Economy 257 J. Part X: Dispute Settlement 258 K. Part XI: Final Provisions Provisional Application Final Provisions 259 Annexes 263 Comparison of Subsidies and Countervailing Duties 265 GATT Documents 415 Bibliography 417 Trade-Related Investment Measures 424 I. Introduction 425 II. The Events of 1993 and

5 xiv Contents A. 1993: Expressions of Concerns by the LDCs 425 B. 1994: Completing and Signing the Final Agreement 429 III. The Final Agreement on Trade-Related Investment Measures 429 rv. The Results: Disappointment or Success? 432 V. WhatIstoCome?WhatIsPast May Well BePrologue 434 A. Article III 434 B. Article XI 435 VI. Beyond WTO/GATT: Other Treatments of Foreign Investments 436 A. OECD's Multilateral Agreement on Investment 436 B. Other Trade Agreements: the NAFTA 437 C. Other Trade Agreements: APEC 437 D. Unilateral Liberalization 438 E. GATT/WTO Accession 439 VII. Conclusion 440 Annexes 441 Comparison of Trade-Related Investment Measures 443 GATT Documents 455 Bibliography 457 Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights 463 I. Introduction 465 II. The TRIPS Negotiations from Punta Del Este to the Dunkel Draft 467 A. Positions of the Parties Copyright and Related Rights Trademarks Geographical Indications Industrial Designs Patents Layout-Designs (Topographies) of Integrated Circuits Protection of Undisclosed Information 471 B. The Negotiations from 1986 to the Dunkel Draft From 1986 to the Mid-Term Review in December a. Problems to be Addressed Copyrights 472 Sound and Video recordings 472 Computer programs 472 Duration of Copyright protection Patents 473 Appellations of origin and geographical indications 473 Limitations on patentable subject matter 473 Discriminatory protection 474 First to invent 474

6 Contents xv II. Compulsory licensing Restrictions on foreigners' patent rights 3. Trademarks Prominent foreign trademarks Enforcement provisions 4. Industrial Designs Misappropriation 5. Layout-Designs Protection 6. Other Procedural obstacles to obtaining rights in other countries 7. Dispute Settlement and Enforcement Counterfeiting of branded goods Piracy of books, sound and video recording Discriminatory treatment of imported products Enforcement b. Draft Agreement to Discourage the Importation of Counterfeit Goods c. Initial Proposais 2. A TRIPS Framework Agreement in Proposais During C. Accomplishments in the Dunkel Draft 1. General Provisions and Basic Principles 2. Standards Conceming the Availability, Scope and Use of Intellectual Property Rights a. Copyrights b. Trademarks c. Geographical Indications d. Industrial Design e. Patents f. Layout-Designs g. Trade Secrets h. Contractual Licenses 3. Remaining Provisions External Pressures Affect the TRIPS Negotiations A. U.S. Special 301 Actions Force Change During Uruguay Round Negotiations 1. Brazil 2. Argentina 3. Thailand 4. India

7 xvj Contents 5. China 6. Taiwan USTR's Priority Watch List Saudi Arabia South Korea European Union Australia Hungary Poland Philippines Turkey Egypt 507 B. NAFTA 508 C. Andean Pact 508 IV. Chronology of the Uruguay Round Negotiations from the Dunkel Draft to the Final Act ( ) 509 A. The Post-Dunkel Draft Stalemate 509 B. U.S. Fast-Track Negotiating Authority Expires As the Clinton Administration Takes Over 514 C. Remaining Market Access Issues Dominate Negotiations 515 D. The Clinton Administration Demands Changes in the TRIPS Draft 518 E. Changes to the TRIPS Text During the Final Hours of Negotiations 525 V. Attempts to Revise the Dunkel Draft on TRIPS 529 A. Patentable Subject Matter: Protection of Plant Varieties 530 B. Pipeline Protection: Patent Protection for Pharmaceuticals and Agricultural Chemicals 533 C. Compulsory Licensing 535 D. Dispute Settlement 537 VI. The TRIPS Enforcement and Dispute Settlement Provision: A Significant Achievement 538 A. Countries Dissatisfied With Enforcement and Dispute Settlement Provisions in WIPO Conventions Demand Improved Procedures in the TRIPS Agreement 538 B. TRIPS Enforcement and Dispute Settlement Provisions Enforcement Provisions A New Forum for the Resolution of Intellectual Property Disputes Between Countries 544 C. The Role of the WIPO in the Uruguay Round Negotiations 547 D. WIPO's Alternative Dispute Settlement Provisions 551 VII. Future Role of Section

8 Contents xvii VIII. NAFTA's Intellectual Property Provisions: A Model for Future Negotiations 560 A. Scope of the TRIPS Agreement 561 B. The Scope of the NAFTA Agreement National Treatment Encrypted Program-Carrying Satellite Signals Pipeline Protection for Pharmaceutical and Agrochemical Products Dependent Patent Compulsory Licensing Ten-Year Minimum Trademark Term Marketing Approval Adverse Effect on Trade Transition Periods 570 IX. Reaction to the Final Act 571 X. Conclusion 574 Annexes 577 Comparison of Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights 579 Sibe-by-Side Comparison of TRIPS and NAFTA Intellectual Property Provisions 673 GATT Documents 745 Bibliography 755 Services 775 I. Introduction 777 II. Summary of the General Agreement on Trade in Services 778 A. The Framework Agreement Part I: Article I: Scope and Definition Part II: General Obligations and Disciplines 779 a. Article II: Most Favored-Nation Treatment 779 b. Article III: Transparency 779 c. Article III bis: Disclosure of Confidential Information 780 d. Article IV: Increasing Participation of Developing Countries 780 e. Article V: Economic Integration 780 f. Article V bis: Labor Markets Integration Agreements 781 g. Article VI: Domestic Regulation 781 h. Article VII: Recognition 781 i. Article VIII: Monopolies and Exclusive Service Suppliers 782 j. Article IX: Business Practices 782 k. Article X: Emergency Safeguard Measures Article XI: Payment and Transfers 782

9 xviii Contents m. Article XII: Restrictions to Safeguard the Balance of Payments 783 n. Article XIII: Government Procurement 783 o. Article XIV: General Exceptions 784 p. Article XIV bis: Security Exemptions 784 q. Article XV: Subsidies Part III: Specific Commitments 785 a. Article XVI: Market Access 785 b. Article XVII: National Treatment 785 c. Article XVIII: Additional Commitments Part IV: Progressive Liberalization 786 a. Article XIX: Negotiation of Specific Commitments 786 b. Article XX: Schedules of Specific Commitments 786 c. Article XXI: Modificarion of Schedules Part V: Institutional Provisions 787 a. Article XXII: Consultation 787 b. Article XXIII: Dispute Settlement and Enforcement 788 c. Article XXIV: Council for Trade in Services 788 d. Article XXV: Technical Cooperation 788 e. Article XXVI: Relationship with Other International Organizations Part VI: Final Provisions 788 a. Article XXVII: Denial of Benefits 788 b. Article XXVIII: Definitions 789 c. Article XXIX: Annexes 789 B. Annexes Annex on Article II Exemptions Annex on Movement of Natural Persons Supplying Services Under the Agreement Annex on Air Transport Services Annex on Financial Services Second Annex on Financial Services Annex on Negotiations on Maritime Transport Services Annex on Telecommunications Annex on Negotiations on Basic Telecommunications 792 ffl. GATS Negotiations 792 A. The 1993 Game Plan 792 B. Fall 1993 Negotiations Textual Issues 797 a. Applicability of the GATS to Certain Measures Maintained by the Parties 797 b. Taxation 797

10 Contents xix 2. Scope of the GATS 801 a. Measures Relating to Social Security 802 b. Measures Relating to Judicial and Administrative Assistance 803 c. Measures Relating to the Settlement of Disputes Pursuant to Bilateral Investment Protection Agreements 803 d. Measures Relating to Entry and Stay of Natural Persons 804 e. Measures Relating to Entry and Stay of Natural Persons Pursuant to Certain Bilateral Agreements 804 C. Drawing the 1993 Negotiations to a Close: Resolution of Textual Issues, Scheduling Commitments, and Submission of Lists of MFN Exemptions 805 D. Sector-Specific Negotiations Financial Services Maritime Transportation Services Audio-Visual Services Movement of Natural Persons Basic Telecommunication Services 821 E. Decisions to Continue Negotiations Negotiations on Financial Services Negotiations on Maritime Transport Services Negotiations on Basic Telecommunications Negotiations on Movement of Natural Persons 825 IV. GATS Negotiations (1994) 826 V. Conclusion 827 Annex 829 Comparison of Trade in Services 831 GATT Documents 931 Bibliography 933

CONTENTS. 1 International trade and the law of the WTO 1. 2 The World Trade Organization 74

CONTENTS. 1 International trade and the law of the WTO 1. 2 The World Trade Organization 74 CONTENTS List of figures xv Preface xvii Table of WTO cases xix Table of GATT cases liii 1 International trade and the law of the WTO 1 1 Introduction 1 2 Economic globalisation and international trade

More information

How to Methodically Research WTO Law

How to Methodically Research WTO Law The Research Cycle (Steps 1-5)... 1 Step 1 Identify the Basic Facts and Issues... 1 Step 2 Identify the Relevant Provisions... 3 A. By subject approach to identifying relevant provisions... 3 B. Top down

More information

THE GENERAL AGREEMENT

THE GENERAL AGREEMENT GATS THE GENERAL AGREEMENT ON TRADE IN SERVICES AND RELATED INSTRUMENTS April 1994 GENERAL AGREEMENT ON TRADE IN SERVICES page PART I SCOPE AND DEFINITION Article I Scope and Definition 4 PART II GENERAL

More information

II Copyright and related rights 36. contents

II Copyright and related rights 36. contents CONTENTS List of figures xvi List of boxes xvii List of tables xviii Preface xix Acknowledgements xxii List of acronyms and abbreviations xxiii I Introduction to the TRIPS Agreement 1 A Introduction 1

More information

World Trade Law. Text, Materials and Commentary. Simon Lester and Bryan Mercurio with Arwel Davies and Kara Leitner

World Trade Law. Text, Materials and Commentary. Simon Lester and Bryan Mercurio with Arwel Davies and Kara Leitner World Trade Law Text, Materials and Commentary Simon Lester and Bryan Mercurio with Arwel Davies and Kara Leitner HART- PUBLISHING OXFORD AND PORTLAND, OREGON 2008 Part I Introduction to the Legal and

More information

Part I: Problems of Trade Policies and Measures in Individual Countries and Regions

Part I: Problems of Trade Policies and Measures in Individual Countries and Regions TABLE OF CONTENTS Page List pf Sub-Committee on Unfair Trade Policies and Measures... iii METI Priorities Based on the 2017 Report on Compliance by Major Trading Partners with Trade Agreements (May 23,

More information

Economy Report: Korea

Economy Report: Korea 2005/FTA-RTA/WKSP/013 Economy Report: Korea Submitted by: Ms. Hyo-eun Jenny KIM, Korea Workshop on Identifying and Addressing Possible Impacts of RTAs/FTAs Development on APEC Developing Member Economies

More information

NATIONAL TREATMENT PRINCIPLE

NATIONAL TREATMENT PRINCIPLE Chapter 2 NATIONAL TREATMENT PRINCIPLE 1. OVERVIEW OF RULES National treatment (GATT Article III) stands alongside MFN treatment as one of the central principles of the WTO Agreement. Under the national

More information

World Trade Organization: Its Genesis and Functioning. Shashank Priya Professor Centre for WTO Studies Indian Institute of Foreign Trade

World Trade Organization: Its Genesis and Functioning. Shashank Priya Professor Centre for WTO Studies Indian Institute of Foreign Trade World Trade Organization: Its Genesis and Functioning Shashank Priya Professor Centre for WTO Studies Indian Institute of Foreign Trade Genesis of the Multilateral Trading System In 1944, Bretton Woods

More information

Study Questions (with Answers) Lecture 9 World Trade Arrangements and the WTO

Study Questions (with Answers) Lecture 9 World Trade Arrangements and the WTO Study Questions (with Answers) Page 1 of 5 (6) Study Questions (with Answers) Lecture 9 World Trade Arrangements and the Part 1: Multiple Choice Select the best answer of those given. 1. The OECD a. Gathers

More information

PROTOCOL ON THE ACCESSION OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF ClDNA. Preamble

PROTOCOL ON THE ACCESSION OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF ClDNA. Preamble PROTOCOL ON THE ACCESSION OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF ClDNA Preamble The World Trade Organization ("WTO"), pursuant to the approval of the Ministerial Conference of the WTO accorded under Article XII of

More information

Character of the GATS

Character of the GATS Character of the GATS Are there basic differences between goods, services and investment? Which are the distinguishing factors? Services approximately 68 per cent of world GDP but only 20 per cent of global

More information

Commentaries on Selected Model Investment Treaties. Edited by CHESTER BROWN

Commentaries on Selected Model Investment Treaties. Edited by CHESTER BROWN Commentaries on Selected Model Investment Treaties Edited by CHESTER BROWN Notes on Contributors Table of Cases Table of Instruments xxix xxxv 1. INTRODUCTION: THE DEVELOPMENT AND IMPORTANCE OF THE MODEL

More information

Third Quarter 2018 Financial Review. October 23, 2018

Third Quarter 2018 Financial Review. October 23, 2018 Third Quarter 2018 Financial Review October 23, 2018 Forward-Looking Statements Certain statements in this financial review relate to future events and expectations and are forward-looking statements within

More information

SUMMARY OF CONTENTS. Introduction page 1

SUMMARY OF CONTENTS. Introduction page 1 SUMMARY OF CONTENTS Introduction page 1 part i Foundations 13 1 Objective and forms of non-discrimination 15 2 Particularities of trade in services and GATS 23 3 Legal elements of non-discrimination obligations

More information

CUSTOMERS. PEOPLE. PARTNERS.

CUSTOMERS. PEOPLE. PARTNERS. THIRD-QUARTER 2017 FINANCIAL REVIEW October 24, 2017 CUSTOMERS. PEOPLE. PARTNERS. FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS Forward-looking Statements Certain statements in this financial review relate to future events

More information

Regional Trade Agreements

Regional Trade Agreements Regional Trade Agreements Law, Policy and Practice David A. Gantz SAMUEL M. FEGTLY PROFESSOR OF LAW, JAMES E. ROGERS COLLEGE OF LAW, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA CAROLINA ACADEMIC PRESS Durham, North Carolina

More information

OF MULTILATERAL TRADE NEGOTIATIONS

OF MULTILATERAL TRADE NEGOTIATIONS OF MULTILATERAL TRADE NEGOTIATIONS 16 July 1990 NEGOTIATING ACTIVITY INTENSIFIES AS JULY TNC DEADLINE APPROACHES Intensive consultations, based in most cases on draft texts by chairmen, have been held

More information

Basic Elements. GATS: Scope and coverage. What are services? GATS AND THE CURRENT SERVICES ROUND. GATS - Basic Features Washington, April 2004

Basic Elements. GATS: Scope and coverage. What are services? GATS AND THE CURRENT SERVICES ROUND. GATS - Basic Features Washington, April 2004 GATS AND THE CURRENT SERVICES ROUND - An Overview - Basic Elements Washington, April 2004 2 GATS: Scope and coverage MEASURES AFFECTING TRADE IN SERVICES AT ALL GOVERNMENT LEVELS ALL SERVICES excluded:

More information

FREE TRADE AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE EFTA STATES AND MEXICO

FREE TRADE AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE EFTA STATES AND MEXICO FREE TRADE AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE EFTA STATES AND MEXICO SUMMARY The Free Trade Agreement between the EFTA States and Mexico was signed in Mexico City on 27 November 2000 and entered into force on 1 July

More information

NATIONAL TREATMENT PRINCIPLE

NATIONAL TREATMENT PRINCIPLE Chapter 2 National Treatment Principle Chapter 2 NATIONAL TREATMENT PRINCIPLE OVERVIEW OF RULES National treatment (GATT Article III) stands alongside MFN treatment as one of the central principles of

More information

SERVICES TRADE UNDER THE GATS

SERVICES TRADE UNDER THE GATS SERVICES TRADE UNDER THE GATS - An Introduction I - Trade in Services Division WTO 1 2 STARTING POINT: INTERNATIONAL SERVICES TRADE IMPLICATIONS FOR DEVELOPMENT 3 A Priori Expectations The gains from liberalizing

More information

PART I CHAPTER 1 MOST-FAVOURED-NATION TREATMENT PRINCIPLE

PART I CHAPTER 1 MOST-FAVOURED-NATION TREATMENT PRINCIPLE PART I CHAPTER 1 MOST-FAVOURED-NATION TREATMENT PRINCIPLE 1. OVERVIEW OF RULES (1) The Background of Rules: Most-Favoured-Nation Treatment (MFN) Most-Favoured-Nation treatment or MFN, which requires Members

More information

Introduction to the GATS

Introduction to the GATS Introduction to the GATS Hanoi, May 2005 What is the GATS? General Agreement on Trade in Services Relatively new agreement (Uruguay Round) Unfinished - some disciplines still under negotiation Comprehensive

More information

ANNEX. to the. Recommendation for a Council Decision. authorising the opening of negotiations for a Free Trade Agreement with New Zealand

ANNEX. to the. Recommendation for a Council Decision. authorising the opening of negotiations for a Free Trade Agreement with New Zealand EUROPEAN COMMISSION Brussels, 13.9.2017 COM(2017) 469 final ANNEX 1 ANNEX to the Recommendation for a Council Decision authorising the opening of negotiations for a Free Trade Agreement with New Zealand

More information

GATT Obligations: -Shailja Singh Assistant Professor Centre for WTO Studies, New Delhi

GATT Obligations: -Shailja Singh Assistant Professor Centre for WTO Studies, New Delhi GATT Obligations: Article I (MFN), II (Bound Rates), III (National Treatment), XI (QRs), XX (Exceptions) and XXIV (FTAs) March 06, 2012 -Shailja Singh Assistant Professor Centre for WTO Studies, New Delhi

More information

GATT Obligations: Article I (MFN), II (Bound Rates), III (National Treatment), XI (QRs), XX (Exceptions) and XXIV (FTAs) -Shailja Singh

GATT Obligations: Article I (MFN), II (Bound Rates), III (National Treatment), XI (QRs), XX (Exceptions) and XXIV (FTAs) -Shailja Singh GATT Obligations: Article I (MFN), II (Bound Rates), III (National Treatment), XI (QRs), XX (Exceptions) and XXIV (FTAs) -Shailja Singh Assistant Professor Centre for WTO Studies, New Delhi GATT - Structure

More information

( ) Page: 1/60 FACTUAL PRESENTATION FREE TRADE AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE ASSOCIATION OF SOUTHEAST ASIAN NATIONS (ASEAN) AND INDIA (GOODS)

( ) Page: 1/60 FACTUAL PRESENTATION FREE TRADE AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE ASSOCIATION OF SOUTHEAST ASIAN NATIONS (ASEAN) AND INDIA (GOODS) WT/COTD/RTA/8/1 14 December 216 (16-6789) Page: 1/6 Committee on Trade and Development Dedicated Session on Regional Trade Agreements FACTUAL PRESENTATION FREE TRADE AGREEENT BETWEEN THE ASSOCIATION OF

More information

General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS): Issues and Implications

General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS): Issues and Implications General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS): Issues and Implications A Presentation at CWS/IIFT on 26 February 2014 By Shailendra Kumar THE GENERAL AGREEMENT ON TRADE IN SERVICES (GATS) - MAIN ELEMENTS

More information

Ratnakar Adhikari. Presented at Training on International Trading System 7-9 February 2012, Lalitpur

Ratnakar Adhikari. Presented at Training on International Trading System 7-9 February 2012, Lalitpur Ratnakar Adhikari Presented at Training on International Trading System 7-9 February 2012, Lalitpur Historical background WTO in a nutshell Major agreements of the WTO 17 years of WTO Recent developments

More information

Second Quarter 2018 Financial Review. July 30, 2018

Second Quarter 2018 Financial Review. July 30, 2018 Second Quarter 2018 Financial Review July 30, 2018 Forward-Looking Statements Certain statements in this financial review relate to future events and expectations and are forward-looking statements within

More information

Preview. Chapter 10. The Political Economy of Trade Policy: international negotiations. International Negotiations of Trade Policy

Preview. Chapter 10. The Political Economy of Trade Policy: international negotiations. International Negotiations of Trade Policy Chapter 10 The Political Economy of Trade Policy: international negotiations Preview International negotiations of trade policy and the World Trade Organization Preferential Trade Agreements 10-2 International

More information

Introduction to the GATS

Introduction to the GATS Introduction to the GATS Structure of the agreement, key concepts and obligations Seminar on Trade in Services Beijing, 25-27 June 2014 Trade in Services Division WTO 1 Issues covered o Why is trade in

More information

CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web

CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web 95-424 E March 27, 1995 The GATT and the WTO: An Overview Arlene Wilson Specialist in International Trade and Finance Economics Division Summary Under

More information

THE TRIPS AGREEMENT AND DEVELOPING COUNTRIES. Jayashree Watal

THE TRIPS AGREEMENT AND DEVELOPING COUNTRIES. Jayashree Watal UNCTAD Expert meeting on the impact of FDI on development: Globalization of R&D by TNCs and implications for developing countries THE TRIPS AGREEMENT AND DEVELOPING COUNTRIES Jayashree Watal Wednesday,

More information

Ulla KASK Agriculture and Commodities Division WTO

Ulla KASK Agriculture and Commodities Division WTO Ulla KASK Agriculture and Commodities Division WTO World Trade Organization/ 154, rue de Lausanne / 1211 Geneva 21 / Switzerland / ulla.kask@wto.org 1 Outline A. Introduction A. The WTO and environment

More information

JONES DAY COMMENTARIES

JONES DAY COMMENTARIES January 2002 JONES DAY COMMENTARIES China s Accession to the WTO On November 11, 2001, the fourth WTO Ministerial Conference at Doha, Qatar, approved the terms of China s accession to the WTO (World Trade

More information

Pakistan s position on July Framework Issues: 1.1 Agriculture

Pakistan s position on July Framework Issues: 1.1 Agriculture Pakistan s position on July Framework Issues: 1.1 Agriculture As far as negotiations on agriculture are concerned, market access to highly protected markets of the EU and huge subsidies provided by the

More information

Paris Legally Binding Agreement

Paris Legally Binding Agreement Submission by Nepal on behalf of the Least Developed Countries Group on the ADP Co-Chairs Non Paper of 7 July 2014 on Parties Views and Proposal on the Elements for a Draft Negotiating Text The Least Developed

More information

Free Trade Agreements and the Multilateral Trade System. FTA and WTO/Harmonization /Developing Countries/Environment Mitsuo Matsushita

Free Trade Agreements and the Multilateral Trade System. FTA and WTO/Harmonization /Developing Countries/Environment Mitsuo Matsushita Free Trade Agreements and the Multilateral Trade System FTA and WTO/Harmonization /Developing Countries/Environment Mitsuo Matsushita 1 1. Proliferation of FTA In 1990, 27 FTA, in 2007, 205 FTA were registered

More information

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Consolidated quarterly report QSr 1 / 2005

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Consolidated quarterly report QSr 1 / 2005 SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Consolidated quarterly report QSr 1 / 2005 Pursuant to 93 section 2 and 94 section 1 of the Regulation of the Council of Ministers of March 21, 2005 (Journal of Laws

More information

CURRICULUM MAPPING FORM

CURRICULUM MAPPING FORM Course Accounting 1 Teacher Mr. Garritano Aug. I. Starting a Proprietorship - 2 weeks A. The Accounting Equation B. How Business Activities Change the Accounting Equation C. Reporting Financial Information

More information

MOST-FAVOURED-NATION TREATMENT PRINCIPLE

MOST-FAVOURED-NATION TREATMENT PRINCIPLE Chapter 1: Most-Favoured Nation Treatment Principle CHAPTER 1 MOST-FAVOURED-NATION TREATMENT PRINCIPLE OVERVIEW OF RULES 1. BACKGROUND OF THE RULES Most-Favoured-Nation ( MFN ) treatment requires Members

More information

First Quarter 2018 Financial Review. April 24, 2018

First Quarter 2018 Financial Review. April 24, 2018 First Quarter 2018 Financial Review April 24, 2018 Forward-Looking Statements Certain statements in this financial review relate to future events and expectations and are forward-looking statements within

More information

MOST-FAVOURED-NATION TREATMENT PRINCIPLE

MOST-FAVOURED-NATION TREATMENT PRINCIPLE Chapter 1: Most-Favoured Nation Treatment Principle CHAPTER 1 MOST-FAVOURED-NATION TREATMENT PRINCIPLE A. OVERVIEW OF RULES 1. BACKGROUND OF THE RULES Most-Favoured-Nation ( MFN ) treatment requires Members

More information

SECTION B INVESTMENT LIBERALIZATION

SECTION B INVESTMENT LIBERALIZATION Disclaimer: The negotiations between the EU and Japan on the Economic Partnership Agreement (the EPA) have been finalised. In view of the Commission's transparency policy, we are hereby publishing the

More information

Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2018 Financial Review. January 28, 2019

Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2018 Financial Review. January 28, 2019 Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2018 Financial Review January 28, 2019 Forward-Looking Statements Certain statements in this financial review relate to future events and expectations and are forward-looking

More information

( ) Page: 1/79 FACTUAL PRESENTATION

( ) Page: 1/79 FACTUAL PRESENTATION 19 January 2015 (15-0350) Page: 1/79 Committee on Regional Trade Agreements FACTUAL PRESENTATION TRADE AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE EUROPEAN UNION AND ITS MEMBER STATES, OF THE ONE PART AND COLOMBIA AND PERU,

More information

CONVENTION ESTABLISHING THE EUROPEAN FREE TRADE ASSOCIATION. Consolidated version, last amended on 20 September 2010

CONVENTION ESTABLISHING THE EUROPEAN FREE TRADE ASSOCIATION. Consolidated version, last amended on 20 September 2010 CONVENTION ESTABLISHING THE EUROPEAN FREE TRADE ASSOCIATION Consolidated version, last amended on 20 September 2010 THE EUROPEAN FREE TRADE ASSOCIATION 9-11, Rue de Varembé Geneva Convention establishing

More information

COSTA RICA. Foreign Trade Barriers 71

COSTA RICA. Foreign Trade Barriers 71 COSTA RICA In 1997, the U.S. trade deficit with Costa Rica was $300 million, an increase of $140 million from the U.S. trade deficit of $160 million in 1996. U.S. merchandise exports to Costa Rica were

More information

2. LEGAL FRAMEWORK (1) EXISTING GATT/WTO PROVISIONS ON RTAS

2. LEGAL FRAMEWORK (1) EXISTING GATT/WTO PROVISIONS ON RTAS CHAPTER 16 Chapter 16: Regional Integration REGIONAL INTEGRATION OVERVIEW OF RULES 1. BACKGROUND OF RULES The multilateral framework based on the GATT/WTO and IMF systems has sustained the world economy

More information

Draft Cancun Ministerial Text

Draft Cancun Ministerial Text Draft Cancun Ministerial Text General Council chairperson Carlos Pérez del Castillo and Director-General Supachai Panitchpakdi submitted their draft Cancún Ministerial Declaration to ministers on 31 August

More information

COSTA RICA IMPORT POLICIES. Tariffs and Other Import Charges

COSTA RICA IMPORT POLICIES. Tariffs and Other Import Charges COSTA RICA In 1998, the U.S. trade deficit with Costa Rica was $446 million, an increase of $146 million from 1997. U.S. merchandise exports to Costa Rica were $2.3 billion, an increase of $275 million

More information

Prospectus Rules. Chapter 2. Drawing up the prospectus

Prospectus Rules. Chapter 2. Drawing up the prospectus Prospectus Rules Chapter Drawing up the PR : Drawing up the included in a.3 Minimum information to be included in a.3.1 EU Minimum information... Articles 3 to 3 of the PD Regulation provide for the minimum

More information

AGREEMENT ON SOCIAL SECURITY BETWEEN THE GOVERNMENT OF CANADA AND THE GOVERNMENT OF SWEDEN

AGREEMENT ON SOCIAL SECURITY BETWEEN THE GOVERNMENT OF CANADA AND THE GOVERNMENT OF SWEDEN AGREEMENT ON SOCIAL SECURITY BETWEEN THE GOVERNMENT OF CANADA AND THE GOVERNMENT OF SWEDEN The Government of Canada and the Government of Sweden, Resolved to continue their co-operation in the field of

More information

NATIONAL TREATMENT AND MARKET ACCESS FOR GOODS. Section A: Scope and coverage. Article. Scope. Article. Objective

NATIONAL TREATMENT AND MARKET ACCESS FOR GOODS. Section A: Scope and coverage. Article. Scope. Article. Objective NATIONAL TREATMENT AND MARKET ACCESS FOR GOODS Section A: Scope and coverage Scope This Chapter shall apply to trade in goods between the Parties. Objective The Parties shall progressively and reciprocally

More information

Fourth-Quarter and Year-End 2017 Financial Review. January 25, 2018

Fourth-Quarter and Year-End 2017 Financial Review. January 25, 2018 Fourth-Quarter and Year-End 2017 Financial Review January 25, 2018 Forward-Looking Statements Certain statements in this financial review relate to future events and expectations and are forward-looking

More information

GATT Council's Evaluation

GATT Council's Evaluation CENTRE WILLIAM-RAPPARD, RUE DE LAUSANNE 154, 1211 GENÈVE 21, TÉL. 022 739 5111 GATT/1611 27 January 1994 TRADE POLICY REVIEW OF TURKEY ' 20-21 JANUARY 1994 GATT Council's Evaluation The GATT Council conducted

More information

World Bank. Services Trade and International Negotiations Course April 20, A Practical Approach to Analyzing U.S.

World Bank. Services Trade and International Negotiations Course April 20, A Practical Approach to Analyzing U.S. World Bank Services Trade and International Negotiations Course April 20, 2004 A Practical Approach to Analyzing U.S. Services Trade Richard W. Brown Chief, Services and Investment Division U.S. International

More information

GENERAL AGREEMENT ON TARIFFS AND TRADE

GENERAL AGREEMENT ON TARIFFS AND TRADE GENERAL AGREEMENT ON TARIFFS AND TRADE MIN DEC 20 September 1986 Multilateral Trade Negotiations The Uruguay Round MINISTERIAL DECLARATION ON THE URUGUAY ROUND Ministers, meeting on the occasion of the

More information

Goal General Terms and Conditions

Goal General Terms and Conditions Appendices: Appendix A Goal General Terms and Conditions I. LEGAL STATUS The Vendor shall be considered as having the legal status of an independent contractor vis-à-vis GOAL. The Vendor, its personnel

More information

Course on WTO Law and Jurisprudence Part II: WTO Law on Services, Intellectual Property, Trade Remedies, and Other Disciplines

Course on WTO Law and Jurisprudence Part II: WTO Law on Services, Intellectual Property, Trade Remedies, and Other Disciplines Course on WTO Law and Jurisprudence Part II: WTO Law on Services, Intellectual Property, Trade Remedies, and Other Disciplines IMPORT LICENSING AND TRIMS Session 21 30 March 2017 AGENDA I. Import licensing

More information

Session 5: In search of the meaningful market access what are the policy options for LDCs

Session 5: In search of the meaningful market access what are the policy options for LDCs REGIONAL WORKSHOP ON LEAST DEVELOPED COUNTRIES AND LEVERAGING TRADE AS A MEANS OF IMPLEMENTATION FOR THE 2030 AGENDA Session 5: In search of the meaningful market access what are the policy options for

More information

INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND ARTICLES OF AGREEMENT

INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND ARTICLES OF AGREEMENT INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND ARTICLES OF AGREEMENT INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND ARTICLES OF AGREEMENT 2016 International Monetary Fund Cataloging-in-Publication Data Joint Bank-Fund Library Names: International

More information

EC AND WTO ANTI-DUMPING LAW

EC AND WTO ANTI-DUMPING LAW EC AND WTO ANTI-DUMPING LAW A Handbook SECOND EDITION WOLFGANG MULLER NICHOLAS KHAN TlBOR SCHARF OXJORD UNIVERSITY PRESS CONTENTS Table of Cases Table of Legislation Table of Concordance List of Abbreviations

More information

ARTICLES OF AGREEMENT

ARTICLES OF AGREEMENT ARTICLES OF AGREEMENT I n t e r n a t i o n a l M o n e t a r y F u n d Articles of Agreement of the International Monetary Fund Adopted at the United Nations Monetary and Financial Conference, Bretton

More information

20 years of TRIPS Disputes

20 years of TRIPS Disputes Fordham 23 nd Annual Intellectual Property Law & Policy Conference Plenary Session 4C-B: Multilateral Developments 20 years of TRIPS Disputes 8 April 2015 Wolf MEIER-EWERT World Trade Organization wolf.meier-ewert@wto.org

More information

TRADE-RELATED INVESTMENT MEASURES

TRADE-RELATED INVESTMENT MEASURES CHAPTER 9 Chapter 9: Trade-related Investment Measures TRADE-RELATED INVESTMENT MEASURES OVERVIEW OF RULES 1. BACKGROUND OF THE RULES After the late 1980s, a significant increase in foreign direct investment,

More information

INTERNATIONAL MANAGEMENT OF HAZARDOUS WASTES. The Basel Convention and Related Legal Rules KATHARINA KUMMER

INTERNATIONAL MANAGEMENT OF HAZARDOUS WASTES. The Basel Convention and Related Legal Rules KATHARINA KUMMER INTERNATIONAL MANAGEMENT OF HAZARDOUS WASTES The Basel Convention and Related Legal Rules KATHARINA KUMMER CLARENDON PRESS OXFORD 1995 Contents Abbreviations Foreword Table of Cases Table of Legal Instruments

More information

G/TMB/W/2/Corr. 1 Page 8. review developments since the Forty-Ninth Session. The CONTRACTING PARTIES will also consider

G/TMB/W/2/Corr. 1 Page 8. review developments since the Forty-Ninth Session. The CONTRACTING PARTIES will also consider GENERAL AGREEMENT ON TARIFFS AND TRADE RESTRICTED L/7552 3 November 1994 Limited Distribution (94-2318) CONTRACTING PARTIES Fiftieth Session 8-9 December 1994 PROVISIONAL AGENDA 1. Activities of GATT This

More information

STAHL Trade Conflicts: The Role of WTO Dispute Settlement. 9 th and 10 th November Wege über Grenzen Crossing frontiers. Thomas A.

STAHL Trade Conflicts: The Role of WTO Dispute Settlement. 9 th and 10 th November Wege über Grenzen Crossing frontiers. Thomas A. 9 th and 10 th November Wege über Grenzen Crossing frontiers Trade Conflicts: The Role of WTO Dispute Settlement Thomas A. Zimmermann Research Associate; SIAW, University of St. Gallen Talk about Steel

More information

Accession to the WTO Process and Practice

Accession to the WTO Process and Practice Accession to the WTO Process and Practice Sajal Mathur Economic Affairs Officer Accessions Division WTO Accessions - Overview GATT/WTO m ship has increased 23 in 1947/8 Around 125 Members in 1995 147 Members

More information

Table of Contents. Acknowledgements. Foreword. and Essential Legal and Accounting Knowledge 1

Table of Contents. Acknowledgements. Foreword. and Essential Legal and Accounting Knowledge 1 Acknowledgements Foreword v ix Chapter 1: An Introduction to Luxembourg and Essential Legal and Accounting Knowledge 1 1.1. An introduction to Luxembourg 1 1.1.1. General information 1 1.1.1.1. Geography

More information

FINAL ACT. 2. the texts listed below which are annexed to the Agreement amending the Convention establishing the European Free Trade Association:

FINAL ACT. 2. the texts listed below which are annexed to the Agreement amending the Convention establishing the European Free Trade Association: FINAL ACT The plenipotentiaries of: THE REPUBLIC OF ICELAND, THE PRINCIPALITY OF LIECHTENSTEIN, THE KINGDOM OF NORWAY, THE SWISS CONFEDERATION, hereinafter referred to as "the EFTA States", meeting at

More information

NATIONAL TREATMENT PRINCIPLE

NATIONAL TREATMENT PRINCIPLE CHAPTER 2 NATIONAL TREATMENT PRINCIPLE 1. OVERVIEW OF RULES (1) The Background of Rules: National Treatment Principle National treatment (GATT Article III) stands along side most-favoured-nation treatment

More information

Wolters Kluwer. EU Dumping Determinations and WTO Law KLUWER LAW INTERNATIONAL. Henrik Andersen. Law & Business

Wolters Kluwer. EU Dumping Determinations and WTO Law KLUWER LAW INTERNATIONAL. Henrik Andersen. Law & Business KLUWER LAW INTERNATIONAL EU Dumping Determinations and WTO Law By Henrik Andersen Wolters Kluwer Law & Business AUSTIN BOSTON CHICAGO NEW YORK THE NETHERLANDS Table of Contents Preface xvü Chapter 1 Introduction

More information

Expanding Trade and Investment in South Eastern Europe Friedrich Ebert Stiftung Brussels April 2007

Expanding Trade and Investment in South Eastern Europe Friedrich Ebert Stiftung Brussels April 2007 Expanding Trade and Investment in South Eastern Europe Friedrich Ebert Stiftung Brussels 18-21 April 2007 A Reader s Guide to CEFTA 2006 Per Magnus Wijkman Technical Advisor to the SP TWG Elements of my

More information

Plurilateral Agreements: A viable alternative to the WTO? March 11, 2013 Michitaka NAKATOMI Special Advisor, JETRO Consulting Fellow, RIETI

Plurilateral Agreements: A viable alternative to the WTO? March 11, 2013 Michitaka NAKATOMI Special Advisor, JETRO Consulting Fellow, RIETI Plurilateral Agreements: A viable alternative to the WTO? March 11, 2013 Michitaka NAKATOMI Special Advisor, JETRO Consulting Fellow, RIETI 1 Ⅰ. Why Plurilateral Agreements? ( First of All ) Multilateral

More information

One main book, supplementary reading Treaty collection, Global and Regional Treaties Web pages

One main book, supplementary reading Treaty collection, Global and Regional Treaties Web pages The ITL course One main book, supplementary reading Treaty collection, Global and Regional Treaties Web pages Subject WTO International Centre for Trade and Sustainable Development As much discussion and

More information

RESTRICTED NEGOTIATIONS. MTN.GNG/NG8/3 THE URUGUAY ROUND 7 October1987

RESTRICTED NEGOTIATIONS. MTN.GNG/NG8/3 THE URUGUAY ROUND 7 October1987 MULTILATERAL TRADE RESTRICTED NEGOTIATIONS MTN.GNG/NG8/3 THE URUGUAY ROUND 7 October1987 Group of Negotiations on Goods (GATT) Negotiating Group on MTN Agreements and Arrangements 7 October 1987 Special

More information

Philippine Case Study. Exploration and Investment Strategies In the frontier Basins. Mr. Lim Vatha Mr. Kimty Phally

Philippine Case Study. Exploration and Investment Strategies In the frontier Basins. Mr. Lim Vatha Mr. Kimty Phally Philippine Case Study Exploration and Investment Strategies In the frontier s Mr. Lim Vatha Mr. Kimty Phally Cambodian National Petroleum Authority Waterfront Hotel, Cebu City, Philippines March 14-18,

More information

The Denunciation of the Sugar Protocol

The Denunciation of the Sugar Protocol The Denunciation of the Sugar Protocol WTO Dispute Settlement, EU Domestic Reform, and the Legal Status of the Sugar Protocol WTO Appellate Body Research Series Geneva, February 28, 2008 Issue of Concern

More information

REGIONAL TRADE AGREEMENTS AND THE MULTILATERAL TRADING SYSTEM PREPARED BY THE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION DISCUSSION PAPER FOR THE G20

REGIONAL TRADE AGREEMENTS AND THE MULTILATERAL TRADING SYSTEM PREPARED BY THE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION DISCUSSION PAPER FOR THE G20 REGIONAL TRADE AGREEMENTS AND THE MULTILATERAL TRADING SYSTEM PREPARED BY THE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION DISCUSSION PAPER FOR THE G20 This version: 21 September 2015 PREPARED IN CONSULTATION WITH THE WORLD

More information

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Washington, DC FORM 8-K. MOOG INC. (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Washington, DC FORM 8-K. MOOG INC. (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Washington, DC 20549 FORM 8-K CURRENT REPORT Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 Date of Report (Date of earliest event reported):

More information

The General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS): objectives, coverage and disciplines

The General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS): objectives, coverage and disciplines The General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS): objectives, coverage and disciplines Everything you wanted to know about the General Agreement on Trade in Services, but were afraid to ask... 1. What

More information

SECOND-QUARTER 2017 FINANCIAL REVIEW. July 25, 2017

SECOND-QUARTER 2017 FINANCIAL REVIEW. July 25, 2017 SECOND-QUARTER 2017 FINANCIAL REVIEW July 25, 2017 FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS Forward-looking Statements Certain statements in this financial review relate to future events and expectations and are forward-looking

More information

IMPLICATIONS OF THE URUGUAY ROUND ON FOREIGN TRADE OF MEMBER COUNTRIES OF THE ORGANISATION OF ISLAMIC CONFERENCE. Raymond J.

IMPLICATIONS OF THE URUGUAY ROUND ON FOREIGN TRADE OF MEMBER COUNTRIES OF THE ORGANISATION OF ISLAMIC CONFERENCE. Raymond J. Journal of Economic Cooperation Among Islamic Countries 16, 1-2 (1995), 1- IMPLICATIONS OF THE URUGUAY ROUND ON FOREIGN TRADE OF MEMBER COUNTRIES OF THE ORGANISATION OF ISLAMIC CONFERENCE Raymond J. Krommenacker

More information

International Trade Law and the GATT/WTO Dispute Seulement System

International Trade Law and the GATT/WTO Dispute Seulement System International Trade Law and the GATT/WTO Dispute Seulement System edited by Ernst-Ulrich Petersmann Professor oflaw Légal Adviser to the WTO 'KLUWER LAW INTERNATIONAL LONDON - THE HAGUE - BOSTON Contents

More information

CHAPTER [X] INVESTMENT SECTION X SCOPE

CHAPTER [X] INVESTMENT SECTION X SCOPE Disclaimer: The negotiations between EU and Japan on Economic Partnership Agreement have not been concluded yet. Therefore, the whole texts are also still under negotiations and not finalised. However,

More information

ENHANCING TRADE AND INVESTMENT, SUPPORTING JOBS, ECONOMIC GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT: OUTLINES OF THE TRANS-PACIFIC PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT

ENHANCING TRADE AND INVESTMENT, SUPPORTING JOBS, ECONOMIC GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT: OUTLINES OF THE TRANS-PACIFIC PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT OFFICE OF THE UNITED STATES TRADE REPRESENTATIVE EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT WASHINGTON, D.C. ENHANCING TRADE AND INVESTMENT, SUPPORTING JOBS, ECONOMIC GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT: OUTLINES OF THE TRANS-PACIFIC

More information

TRADE-RELATED INVESTMENT MEASURES

TRADE-RELATED INVESTMENT MEASURES Chapter 8 TRADE-RELATED INVESTMENT MEASURES 1. OVERVIEW OF RULES After the late 1980s, a significant increase in foreign direct investment, especially in developing countries, took place throughout the

More information

( ) Page: 1/7 UNITED ARAB EMIRATES MEASURES RELATING TO TRADE IN GOODS AND SERVICES, AND TRADE-RELATED ASPECTS OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS

( ) Page: 1/7 UNITED ARAB EMIRATES MEASURES RELATING TO TRADE IN GOODS AND SERVICES, AND TRADE-RELATED ASPECTS OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS 12 October 2017 (17-5514) Page: 1/7 Original: English UNITED ARAB EMIRATES MEASURES RELATING TO TRADE IN GOODS AND SERVICES, AND TRADE-RELATED ASPECTS OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS REQUEST FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT

More information

Agriculture Subsidies and Trade. US$ Billion

Agriculture Subsidies and Trade. US$ Billion 1 Agriculture Subsidies and Trade 600 500 166 US$ Billion 400 300 200 21 378 100 210 0 Total subsidies Total exports Developed countries Developing countries 2 % Average Tariffs 70 60 50 62 40 30 20 29

More information

World Trade Organization

World Trade Organization World Trade Organization The World Trade Organization came into being in 1995. One of the youngest of the international organizations, the WTO is the successor to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade

More information

( ) Page: 1/10 FREE TRADE AGREEMENT BETWEEN MEXICO AND PANAMA (GOODS AND SERVICES) QUESTIONS AND REPLIES

( ) Page: 1/10 FREE TRADE AGREEMENT BETWEEN MEXICO AND PANAMA (GOODS AND SERVICES) QUESTIONS AND REPLIES 2 November 2017 (17-4519) Page: 1/10 Committee on Regional Trade Agreements Original: English/Spanish FREE TRADE AGREEMENT BETWEEN MEXICO AND PANAMA (GOODS AND SERVICES) QUESTIONS AND REPLIES The following

More information

Agreement on Trade-Related Investment Measures

Agreement on Trade-Related Investment Measures 1 of 30 3/15/2010 2:17 AM THE WTO WTO NEWS TRADE TOPIC español français home > resources > publications > wto analytical index > table of contents > investment WTO ANALYTICAL INDEX: INVESTMENT Agreement

More information

1. OVERVIEW OF RULES. (1) Rules of Origin

1. OVERVIEW OF RULES. (1) Rules of Origin CHAPTER 9 RULES OF ORIGIN 1. OVERVIEW OF RULES (1) Rules of Origin Rules of origin are used to determine the nationality of goods traded in international commerce, however, there are no internationally

More information

AGREEMENT ON AGRICULTURE

AGREEMENT ON AGRICULTURE AGREEMENT ON AGRICULTURE Members, Having decided to establish a basis for initiating a process of reform of trade in agriculture in line with the objectives of the negotiations as set out in the Punta

More information

Caterpillar Resource Industries. Denise Johnson, Group President

Caterpillar Resource Industries. Denise Johnson, Group President Caterpillar Resource Industries Denise Johnson, Group President Forward-Looking Statements Certain statements in this presentation relate to future events and expectations and are forward-looking statements

More information

Agreement on Agriculture: Three pillars

Agreement on Agriculture: Three pillars Agreement on Agriculture: Three pillars Edinburgh 1-4 October 2017 Edwini Kessie Director Agriculture and Commodities Division edwini.kessie@wto.org OUTLINE Chronology of development of multilateral rules

More information