RED HERRING PROSPECTUS Please read Section 60B of the Companies Act, 1956 Dated August 24, % Book Built Issue

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1 RED HERRING PROSPECTUS Please read Section 60B of the Companies Act, 1956 Dated August 24, % Book Built Issue POWER GRID CORPORATION OF INDIA LIMITED (Incorporated on October 23, 1989 under the Companies Act, 1956 as a public limited company. The name of our Company was changed from National Power Transmission Corporation Limited to Power Grid Corporation of India Limited with effect from October 23, Registered Office: B-9, Qutab Institutional Area, Katwaria Sarai, New Delhi Tel: +91 (11) Fax: +91 (11) Corporate Office: Saudamini, Plot No.2, Sector 29, Gurgaon Tel: +91 (124) Fax: +91 (124) Contact Person and Compliance Officer: Ms. Divya Tandon, Company Secretary. Tel: +91 (124) Fax: +91 (124) investors@powergridindia.com. Website: PUBLIC ISSUE OF UP TO 573,932,895 EQUITY SHARES OF RS. 10 EACH ( EQUITY SHARES ) FOR CASH AT A PRICE OF RS. [ ] PER EQUITY SHARE OF POWER GRID CORPORATION OF INDIA LIMITED ( POWERGRID, THE COMPANY OR THE ISSUER ) AGGREGATING RS. [ ] MILLION (THE ISSUE ). THE ISSUE COMPRISES A FRESH ISSUE OF UP TO 382,621,930 EQUITY SHARES BY POWERGRID ( THE FRESH ISSUE ) AND AN OFFER FOR SALE OF UP TO 191,310,965 EQUITY SHARES BY THE PRESIDENT OF INDIA ACTING THROUGH THE MINISTRY OF POWER, GOVERNMENT OF INDIA (THE SELLING SHAREHOLDER )(THE OFFER FOR SALE ). THE ISSUE COMPRISES A NET ISSUE TO THE PUBLIC OF UP TO 559,954,895 EQUITY SHARES ( THE NET ISSUE ) AND A RESERVATION OF UP TO 13,978,000 EQUITY SHARES FOR SUBSCRIPTION BY EMPLOYEES (AS DEFINED HEREIN) (THE EMPLOYEE RESERVATION PORTION ), AT THE ISSUE PRICE. THE ISSUE SHALL CONSTITUTE APPROXIMATELY 13.64% OF THE FULLY DILUTED POST-ISSUE CAPITAL OF POWERGRID. PRICE BAND: RS. 44 TO RS. 52 PER EQUITY SHARE OF FACE VALUE RS. 10 EACH THE FACE VALUE OF EQUITY SHARES IS RS.10 EACH. THE FLOOR PRICE IS 4.4 TIMES OF THE FACE VALUE AND THE CAP PRICE IS 5.2 TIMES OF THE FACE VALUE. In case of revision in the Price Band, the Bidding/Issue Period will be extended for three additional working days after revision of the Price Band subject to the Bidding/Issue Period not exceeding 10 working days. Any revision in the Price Band and the revised Bidding/Issue Period, if applicable, will be widely disseminated by notification to the Bombay Stock Exchange Limited ( BSE ) and the National Stock Exchange of India Limited ( NSE ), by issuing a press release, and also by indicating the change on the websites of the Book Running Lead Managers ( BRLMs ) and at the terminals of the members of the Syndicate. This is an Issue of less than 25% of the post Issue capital of the Company and is being made pursuant to Rule 19(2)(b) of the SCRR (as defined below) through the 100% Book Building Process wherein at least 60% of the Net Issue size is required to be allotted to Qualified Institutional Buyers ( QIBs ) on a proportionate basis. However, SEBI has through its letter dated April 5, 2007 permitted a relaxation from condition (c) of Rule 19(2)(b) of the SCRR with respect to the Issue, pursuant to which at least 50% of the Net Issue shall be Allotted to QIBs on a proportionate basis. 5% of the QIB Portion shall be available for allocation to Mutual Funds only and the remaining QIB Portion shall be available for allocation to the QIB Bidders including Mutual Funds, subject to valid Bids being received at or above the Issue Price. In addition, in accordance with Rule 19(2)(b) of the SCRR, a minimum of two million securities are being offered to the public and the size of the Issue will aggregate to at least Rs. 1,000 million. If at least 50% of the Net Issue cannot be Allotted to QIBs, then the entire application money will be refunded. Further, not less than 15% of the Net Issue shall be available for allocation on a proportionate basis to Non- Institutional Bidders and not less than 35% of the Net Issue shall be available for allocation on a proportionate basis to Retail Individual Bidders, subject to valid Bids being received at or above the Issue Price. Further, up to 13,978,000 Equity Shares shall be available for allocation on a proportionate basis to our Employees, subject to valid Bids being received at or above the Issue Price. RISK IN RELATION TO FIRST ISSUE This being the first issue of the Equity Shares, there has been no formal market for the Equity Shares. The face value of the Equity Shares is Rs.10 each and the Issue Price is [ ] times of the face value. The Issue Price (as determined by the Company and the Selling Shareholder in consultation with the Book Running Lead Managers, on the basis of assessment of market demand for the Equity Shares by way of Book Building) should not be taken to be indicative of the market price of the Equity Shares after the Equity Shares are listed. No assurance can be given regarding an active and/or sustained trading in the Equity Shares or regarding the price at which the Equity Shares will be traded after listing. The Company has not opted for grading of this Issue from a Securites and Exchange Board of India ( SEBI ) registered credit agency. GENERAL RISKS Investments in equity and equity-related securities involve a degree of risk and investors should not invest any funds in this Issue unless they can afford to take the risk of losing their investment. Investors are advised to read the Risk Factors carefully before taking an investment decision in this Issue. For taking an investment decision, investors must rely on their own examination of the Company and the Issue including the risks involved. The Equity Shares offered in the Issue have not been recommended or approved by the SEBI, nor does SEBI guarantee the accuracy or adequacy of this Red Herring Prospectus. Specific attention of the investors is invited to the section titled Risk Factors beginning on page xi of this Red Herring Prospectus. ISSUER S AND SELLING SHAREHOLDER S ABSOLUTE RESPONSIBILITY The Issuer and the Selling Shareholder having made all reasonable inquiries, accept responsibility for and confirm that this Red Herring Prospectus contains all information with regard to the Issuer, Selling Shareholder and the Issue, which is material in the context of the Issue, that the information contained in this Red Herring Prospectus is true and correct in all material aspects and is not misleading in any material respect, that the opinions and intentions expressed herein are honestly held and that there are no other facts, the omission of which makes this Red Herring Prospectus as a whole or any of such information or the expression of any such opinions or intentions misleading in any material respect. LISTING The Equity Shares offered through this Red Herring Prospectus are proposed to be listed on the BSE and the NSE. We have received in-principle approval from the BSE and the NSE for the listing of our Equity Shares pursuant to letters dated May 7, 2007 and April 30, 2007, respectively. NSE shall be the Designated Stock Exchange. BOOK RUNNING LEAD MANAGERS REGISTRAR TO THE ISSUE KOTAK MAHINDRA CAPITAL COMPANY LIMITED 3 rd Floor, Bakhtawar, 229, Nariman Point, Mumbai Tel: +91 (22) Fax: +91 (22) pgc.ipo@kotak.com Investor Grievance kmccredressal@kotak.com Website: Contact Person: Mr. Chandrakant Bhole CITIGROUP GLOBAL MARKETS INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED Citigroup Global Markets India Private Limited 12th Floor, Bakhtawar Nariman Point, Mumbai Tel: +91 (22) Fax: +91 (22) / pgcil.ipo@citigroup.com Investor Grievance investors.cgmib@citi.com Website: Contact Person: Mr. Shitij Kale ENAM SECURITIES PRIVATE LIMITED 801, Dalamal Towers, Nariman Point, Mumbai Tel: +91 (22) Fax: +91 (22) pgc.ipo@enam.com Investor Grievance complaints@enam.com Website: www. enam.com Contact Person: Ms. Lakha Nair KARVY COMPUTERSHARE PRIVATE LIMITED Plot No , Vthalrao Nagar Madhapur, Hyderabad Tel: Fax: +91 (40) einward.ris@kavry.com Webistie: Contact Person: Mr. M Murali ISSUE PROGRAMME BID / ISSUE OPENS ON SEPTEMBER 10, 2007 BID / ISSUE CLOSES ON SEPTEMBER 13, 2007

2 TABLE OF CONTENTS DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS...I CERTAIN CONVENTIONS, USE OF FINANCIAL INFORMATION AND MARKET DATA...IX AND CURRENCY OF PRESENTATION...IX FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS... X RISK FACTORS...XI SUMMARY... 1 THE ISSUE... 6 SUMMARY FINANCIAL INFORMATION... 7 GENERAL INFORMATION CAPITAL STRUCTURE OBJECTS OF THE ISSUE BASIS FOR ISSUE PRICE STATEMENT OF GENERAL TAX BENEFITS POWER SECTOR IN INDIA OUR BUSINESS FINANCIAL INDEBTEDNESS REGULATIONS AND POLICIES HISTORY AND CERTAIN CORPORATE MATTERS OUR MANAGEMENT OUR PROMOTERS, SUBSIDIARIES AND GROUP COMPANIES RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS DIVIDEND POLICY FINANCIAL STATEMENTS MANAGEMENT S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS OUTSTANDING LITIGATION AND MATERIAL DEVELOPMENTS GOVERNMENT AND OTHER APPROVALS OTHER REGULATORY AND STATUTORY DISCLOSURES ISSUE STRUCTURE TERMS OF THE ISSUE ISSUE PROCEDURE MAIN PROVISIONS OF ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION OF THE COMPANY MATERIAL CONTRACTS AND DOCUMENTS FOR INSPECTION DECLARATION

3 DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS Unless the context otherwise indicates the following terms have the following meanings in this Red Herring Prospectus. Company-Related Terms In this Red Herring Prospectus, unless the context otherwise indicates, all references to Power Grid Corporation of India Limited, the Company and the Issuer are to Power Grid Corporation of India Limited, a public limited company incorporated in India under the Companies Act, 1956, with its registered office at B-9, Qutab Institutional Area, Katwaria Sarai, New Delhi , and unless the context otherwise requires the terms we, us and our are to Power Grid Corporation of India Limited and its Subsidiaries (as defined below). Term Articles of Association or Articles Audit Committee Auditors Board or Board of Directors Directors Memorandum of Association or Memorandum Promoter Registered Office Subsidiaries Description The articles of association of the Company, as amended from time to time The committee described in the section entitled "Our Management" at page 120 of this Red Herring Prospectus The statutory auditors of the Company, being M/s. A. R & Company, Umamaheshwara Rao & Co. and M/s. SRI Associates The board of directors of the Company The directors of the Company The memorandum of association of the Company, as amended from time to time The President of India, acting through the Ministry of Power, Government of India The registered office of the Company, which, is B-9, Qutab Institutional Area, Katwaria Sarai, New Delhi , India Parbati Koldam Transmission Company Limited and Byrnihat Transmission Company Limited Issue-Related Terms Term Allocation Amount Allotment/Allot Allottee Bankers to the Issue Bid Bid Amount Description The amount payable by a Bidder on or prior to the Pay-in Date after deducting the Margin Amount that may already have been paid by such Bidder The allotment of Equity Shares pursuant to the Issue to successful Bidders A successful Bidder to whom the Equity Shares are Allotted The bankers to the Issue in this case, ABN AMRO Bank N.V., Standard Chartered Bank, ICICI Bank Limited, Union Bank of India, Kotak Mahindra Bank Limited, Canara Bank, Citi Bank N.A and HDFC Bank Limited. An indication to make an offer during the Bid/Issue Period by a Bidder to subscribe to the Equity Shares at a price within the Price Band, including all revisions and modifications thereto The highest value of the optional Bids indicated in the Bid cum Application Form i

4 Term Bid cum Application Form Bidder Bid/Issue Closing Date Bid/Issue Opening Date Bid/Issue Period Book Building Process Book Running Lead Managers or BRLMs Business Day Cap Price Confirmation of Allocation Note or CAN Cut-off Price Designated Date Designated Stock Exchange Draft Red Herring Prospectus Description The form used by a Bidder to make a Bid and which will be considered as the application for Allotment for the purposes of this Red Herring Prospectus and the Prospectus Any prospective investor who makes a Bid pursuant to the terms of the Red Herring Prospectus and the Bid cum Application Form The date after which the members of the Syndicate will not accept any Bids for the Issue and which shall be notified in one English newspaper and one Hindi national newspaper, each with wide circulation The date on which the members of the Syndicate start accepting Bids for the Issue and which shall be notified in one English newspaper and one Hindi national newspaper, each with wide circulation The period between the Bid/Issue Opening Date and the Bid/Issue Closing Date (inclusive of both days) and during which Bidders can submit Bids, including any revisions thereof The book building process as described in Chapter XI of the SEBI Guidelines The book running lead managers to the Issue, in this case being Kotak Mahindra Capital Company Limited, Citigroup Global Markets India Private Limited and ENAM Securities Private Limited Any day other than Saturday or Sunday on which commercial banks Mumbai are open for business The higher end of the Price Band above which the Issue Price will not be finalised and above which no Bids will be accepted The note, advice or intimation of allocation of Equity Shares sent to Bidders who have been allocated Equity Shares after discovery of the Issue Price in accordance with the Book Building Process Any price within the Price Band finalised by the Company in consultation with the BRLMs. A Bid submitted at the Cut-off Price is a valid Bid. Only Retail Individual Bidders and Employees are entitled to bid at the Cut-off Price for a Bid Amount not exceeding Rs. 100,000. QIBs and Non-Institutional Bidders are not entitled to bid at the Cut-off Price The date on which the Escrow Collection Banks transfer funds from the Escrow Account to the Issue Account after the Prospectus is filed with the RoC, following which the Board of Directors shall Allot Equity Shares to successful Bidders and the Selling Shareholder shall give delivery instructions for transfer of Equity Shares under the Offer for Sale to successful Bidders NSE The draft red herring prospectus dated April 16, 2007 and issued in accordance with section 60B of the Companies Act and the SEBI Guidelines, which does not contain complete particulars of the price at which the Equity Shares are offered and the Issue size in terms of value ii

5 Term Eligible NRI Employee Employee Reservation Portion ENAM Equity Shares Escrow Account Escrow Agreement Escrow Collection Banks First Bidder Financial Year/Fiscal/FY Floor Price Fresh Issue Description An NRI resident in a jurisdiction outside India where it is not unlawful to make an offer or invitation under the Issue and in relation to whom the Red Herring Prospectus will constitute an invitation to subscribe for the Equity Shares All or any of the following: (a) a permanent employee of the Company as of the date of filing the Red Herring Prospectus and based and present in India as on the date of submission of the Bid cum Application Form. (b) a Director of the Company, whether a whole time Director, part time Director or otherwise, as of the date of filing the Red Herring Prospectus and based and present in India as on the date of submission of the Bid cum Application Form. The portion of the Issue being up to 13,978,000 Equity Shares available for allocation to Employees Enam Securities Private Limited (erstwhile Enam Financial Consultants Private Limited) having its registered office at 24, B.D.Rajabahadur Compound, Ambalal Doshi Marg, Fort, Mumbai Unless the context otherwise indicates, the equity shares of the Company with a face value of Rs. 10 each An account to be opened with the Escrow Collection Bank(s) for the Issue and in whose favour the Bidder will issue cheques or drafts in respect of the Bid Amount when submitting a Bid and the Allocation Amount paid thereafter The agreement to be entered into between the Company, the Selling Shareholder, the Registrar, the BRLMs, the other members of the Syndicate and the Escrow Collection Bank(s) for collection of the Bid Amounts and, where applicable, remitting refunds of the amounts collected to the Bidders on the terms and conditions thereof The Escrow Collection Banks in this case being, ABN AMRO Bank N.V., Standard Chartered Bank, ICICI Bank Limited, Union Bank of India, Kotak Mahindra Bank Limited, Canara Bank, Citi Bank N.A and HDFC Bank Limited, which are clearing members and registered with the SEBI as Bankers to the Issue and with whom the Escrow Account will be opened The Bidder whose name appears first in the Bid cum Application Form or Revision Form The period of 12 months ending on March 31 of a particular year, unless otherwise stated The lower end of the Price Band, below which the Issue Price will not be finalised and below which no Bids will be accepted Issue of up to 382,621,930 Equity Shares by the Company at the Issue Price in terms of the Red Herring Prospectus. iii

6 Term Issue Issue Account Issue Price Margin Amount Memorandum of Understanding Monitoring Agent Mutual Funds Mutual Funds Portion Net Issue Non-Institutional Bidders Non-Institutional Portion Non-Resident Indian or NRI Offer for Sale Pay-in Date Pay-in Period Price Band Description The public issue of 573,932,895 Equity Shares at the Issue Price for cash aggregating to Rs. [ ] million The account to be opened with the Banker(s) to the Issue to receive monies from the Escrow Account on the Designated Date The final price at which Equity Shares will be Allotted. The Issue Price will be decided by the Company and the Selling Shareholder in consultation with the BRLMs on the Pricing Date in accordance with the Book Building Process and in terms of the Red Herring Prospectus The amount paid by the Bidder at the time of submission of the Bid and which may range between 10% and 100% of the Bid Amount The agreement entered into on April 14, 2007 between the Company, the Selling Shareholder and the BRLMs pursuant to which certain arrangements are agreed in relation to the Issue IFCI Limited Mutual funds registered with the SEBI under the SEBI (Mutual Funds) Regulations, 1996, as amended from time to time 5% of the QIB Portion or up to 13,998,872 Equity Shares available for allocation to Mutual Funds only out of the QIB Portion Issue less the Employees Reservation Portion, consisting of 559,954,895 Equity Shares to be Allotted in the Issue at the Issue Price All Bidders that are not QIBs or Retail Individual Bidders and who have bid for Equity Shares for an amount higher than Rs. 100,000 The portion of the Net Issue being not less than 15% of the Net Issue or 83,993,234 Equity Shares at the Issue Price available for allocation to Non-Institutional Bidders A person resident outside India, as defined under the FEMA and the FEMA (Transfer or Issue of Security by a Person Resident Outside India) Regulations, 2000, as amended from time to time Offer for sale of up to 191,310,965 Equity Shares by the Selling Shareholder at the Issue Price in terms of the Red Herring Prospectus. The Bid/Issue Closing Date with respect to Bidders whose Margin Amount is 100% of the Bid Amount or the last date specified in the CAN sent to Bidders with respect to Bidders whose Margin Amount is less than 100% of the Bid Amount The period commencing on the Bid/Issue Opening Date and extending until the Pay-in Date The price band between the Floor Price of Rs. 44 per Equity Share and the Cap Price of Rs. 52 per Equity Share, including all revisions thereof iv

7 Term Pricing Date Prospectus Qualified Institutional Buyers or QIBs QIB Margin Amount QIB Portion Refund Account Refund Bank Registrar to the Issue Retail Individual Bidders Retail Portion Revision Form Red Herring Prospectus or RHP Selling Shareholder Stock Exchanges Syndicate Description The date on which the Company and Selling Shareholder, in consultation with the BRLMs, finalise the Issue Price The prospectus to be filed with the RoC pursuant to section 60 of the Companies Act, 1956 containing, inter alia, the Issue Price that is determined at the end of the Book Building Process on the Pricing Date Public financial institutions specified in section 4A of the Companies Act, FIIs, scheduled commercial banks, Mutual Funds, venture capital funds registered with the SEBI, state industrial development corporations, insurance companies registered with the Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority, provident funds with a minimum corpus of Rs. 250 million and pension funds with a minimum corpus of Rs. 250 million An amount representing at least 10% of the Bid Amount being the amount QIBs are required to pay at the time of submitting a Bid The portion of the Net Issue being at least 50% of the Net Issue or 279,977,448 Equity Shares at the Issue Price to be Allotted to QIBs on a proportionate basis The account opened with (an) Escrow Collection Bank(s), from which refunds, if any, of the whole or part of the Bid Amount shall be made The Escrow Collection Bank(s) in which an account is opened and from which a refund of the whole or part of the Bid Amount, if any, shall be made Karvy Computershare Private Limited Individual Bidders (including HUFs and Eligible NRIs) who have not Bid for Equity Shares for an amount more than Rs. 100,000 in any of the bidding options in the Issue The portion of the Net Issue being not less than 35% of the Net Issue or 195,984,213 Equity Shares at the Issue Price available for allocation to Retail Individual Bidders The form used by Bidders to modify the number of Equity Shares or the Bid Price in any of their Bid cum Application Forms or any previous Revision Form(s) This Red Herring Prospectus dated August 24, 2007 issued in accordance with section 60B of the Companies Act which does not have complete particulars of the price at which the Equity Shares are offered and the Issue size in terms of value and which will be filed with the RoC at least three days before the Bid/Issue Opening Date and will become the Prospectus after filing with the RoC after the Pricing Date The President of India, acting through the Ministry of Power, Government of India The BSE and the NSE Collectively, the BRLMs and the Syndicate Members v

8 Term Syndicate Agreement Syndicate Member Transaction Registration Slip or TRS Underwriters Underwriting Agreement Description The agreement between the members of the Syndicate, the Company and the Selling Shareholder in relation to the collection of Bids in the Issue Kotak Securities Limited The slip or document issued by a member of the Syndicate to a Bidder as proof of registration of the Bid The members of the Syndicate The agreement between the Company, the Selling Shareholder and the Underwriters to be entered into on or after the Pricing Date Conventional and General Terms Term Act or Companies Act BSE CAGR CDSL Crore Depositories Depositories Act Depository Participant or DP ECS EGM EPS FCNR Account FDI FEMA FEMA Overseas Investment Regulations FIIs FVCI GIR No Description Companies Act, 1956 as amended from time to time Bombay Stock Exchange Limited Compounded Annual Growth Rate Central Depository Services (India) Limited 10 million NSDL and CDSL The Depositories Act, 1996, as amended from time to time A depository participant as defined under the Depositories Act Electronic clearing service Extraordinary general meeting of the shareholders of a company Earnings per share, i.e., profit after tax for a fiscal year divided by the weighted average number of equity shares during the fiscal year Foreign Currency Non-Resident Account established in accordance with the FEMA Foreign direct investment The Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999, together with rules and regulations thereunder and amendments thereto The Foreign Exchange Management (Transfer or Issue of any Foreign Security) Regulations, 2000, as amended from time to time Foreign Institutional Investors (as defined under the Securities and Exchange Board of India (Foreign Institutional Investors) Regulations, 1995, as amended from time to time) registered with the SEBI Foreign Venture Capital Investors (as defined under the SEBI (Foreign Venture Capital Investors) Regulations, 2000, as amended from time to time) registered with the SEBI General Index Register Number vi

9 Term GoI or Government HUF IFRS I.T. Act Indian GAAP IPO Industrial Policy Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority/ IRDA km m MoP MoF MoEF MoU N/A NEFT Non-Resident or NR NRE Account NRO Account NSDL NSE OCB PAN RBI Re. RoC Rs. RTGS Description Government of India Hindu Undivided Family International Financial Reporting Standards Income Tax Act, 1961, as amended from time to time Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in India Initial Public Offering (i.e., the Issue) The policy and guidelines relating to industrial activity in India, issued by the Government of India from time to time Statutory body constituted under the Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority Act, 1999 Kilometres Metres Ministry of Power, Government of India Ministry of Finance, Government of India Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India Memorandum of Understanding Not Applicable National Electronic Fund Transfer A person resident outside India, as defined under the FEMA and includes a Non-Resident Indian Non-Resident External Account established in accordance with the FEMA Non-Resident Ordinary Account established in accordance with the FEMA National Securities Depository Limited The National Stock Exchange of India Limited A company, partnership, society or other corporate body owned directly or indirectly to the extent of at least 60% by NRIs including overseas trusts in which not less than 60% of the beneficial interest is irrevocably held by NRIs directly or indirectly and which was in existence on October 3, 2003 and immediately before such date was eligible to undertake transactions pursuant to the general permission granted to OCBs under the FEMA. OCBs are not allowed to invest in this Issue Permanent Account Number allotted under the I.T. Act The Reserve Bank of India One Indian Rupee The Registrar of Companies, National Capital Territory Delhi and Haryana Indian Rupees Real Time Gross Settlement vii

10 Term SCRA SCRR SEBI SEBI Act SEBI Guidelines SEBI Insider Trading Regulations STT US GAAP VCF(s) Description Securities Contract (Regulations) Act, 1956, as amended from time to time Securities Contracts (Regulation) Rules, 1957, as amended from time to time The Securities and Exchange Board of India constituted under the SEBI Act Securities and Exchange Board of India Act, 1992, as amended from time to time SEBI (Disclosure and Investor Protection) Guidelines, 2000, as amended from time to time SEBI (Prohibition of Insider Trading) Regulations, 1992, as amended from time to time Securities Transaction Tax Generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of Amercia Venture Capital Funds as defined and registered with SEBI under the SEBI (Venture Capital Fund) Regulations, 1996, as amended from time to time Industry-Related Terms Term APDRP CEA CERC CTU BOO BOOT DWDM EBITDA Electricity Act FERV HVDC IUC ISTS NLDC RGGVY RLDC ROE SDH SEB SPUs UCPTT ULDC Description Accelerated Power Development and Reform Programme Central Electricity Authority Central Electricity Regulatory Commission Central Transmission Utility Build, own and operate Build, own, operate and transfer Dense Wave Division Multiplexes Earning before interest, tax, depreciation and amortization Electricity Act, 2003, as amended from time to time Foreign Exchange Rate Variation High voltage direct current Interconnection Usage Charges Inter regional electric power transmission system National Load Despatch Centre Rajiv Gandhi Grameen Vidyutikaran Yojana Regional Load Despatch Centre Return on Equity Synchronous Digital Hierarchy State Electricity Board State Power Utilities comprising of transmission and distribution companies formed pursuant to the unbulding of SEBs Uniform Common Pool Transmission Tariff Unified Load Despatch Centre viii

11 CERTAIN CONVENTIONS, USE OF FINANCIAL INFORMATION AND MARKET DATA AND CURRENCY OF PRESENTATION Certain Conventions All references in this Red Herring Prospectus to "India" are to the Republic of India. All references in this Red Herring Prospectus to the "US", "USA" or "United States" are to the United States of America. Financial Data Unless indicated otherwise, the financial data in this Red Herring Prospectus is derived from our restated financial statements prepared in accordance with Indian GAAP and included in this Red Herring Prospectus. Our fiscal year commences on April 1 and ends on March 31, so all references to a particular fiscal year are to the twelve-month period ended March 31 of that year. In this Red Herring Prospectus, any discrepancies in any table between the total and the sums of the amounts listed are due to rounding off. There are significant differences between Indian GAAP and U.S. GAAP; accordingly, the degree to which the financial statements prepared in accordance with Indian GAAP included in this Red Herring Prospectus will provide meaningful information is entirely dependent on the reader s level of familiarity with Indian accounting practices, Indian GAAP, the Companies Act and the SEBI Guidelines. Any reliance by persons not familiar with Indian accounting practices, Indian GAAP, the Companies Act and the SEBI Guidelines on the financial disclosures presented in this Red Herring Prospectus should accordingly be limited. We and the Selling Shareholder have not attempted to explain those differences or quantify their impact on the financial data included herein, and we and the Selling Shareholder urge you to consult your own advisors regarding such differences and their impact on our financial data. Currency of Presentation All references to Rupees or Rs. are to Indian Rupees, the official currency of the Republic of India. All references to US$, U.S. Dollar or US Dollars are to United States Dollars, the official currency of the United States of America. All references to are to Euros, the single currency of the participating Member States in the Third Stage of European Economic and Monetary Union of the Treaty Establishing the European Community, as amended from time to time. Market Data Market data used throughout this Red Herring Prospectus has been obtained from industry publications. Industry publications generally state that the information contained therein has been obtained from sources believed to be reliable, but that its accuracy and completeness is not guaranteed and its reliability cannot be assured. Although we and the Selling Shareholder believe market data used in this Red Herring Prospectus is reliable, it has not been independently verified by us. ix

12 FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS We have included statements in this Red Herring Prospectus which contain words or phrases such as will, aim, will likely result, believe, expect, will continue, anticipate, estimate, intend, plan, propose, contemplate, seek to, future, objective, goal, project, should, will pursue and similar expressions or variations of such expressions, that are forwardlooking statements. Actual results may differ materially from those suggested by the forward looking statements due to risks or uncertainties associated with our expectations with respect to, but not limited to, regulatory changes pertaining to the industries in India in which our Company has its businesses and our ability to respond to them, our ability to successfully implement our strategy, our growth and expansion, regulatory changes in the power sector, technological changes, our exposure to market risks, general economic and political conditions in India and which have an impact on our business activities or investments, the monetary and fiscal policies of India, inflation, deflation, unanticipated turbulence in interest rates, foreign exchange rates, equity prices or other rates or prices, the performance of the financial markets in India and globally, changes in domestic laws, regulations and taxes and changes in competition in our industry. For further discussion of factors that could cause our actual results to differ, see the section titled Risk Factors beginning on page xi of this Red Herring Prospectus. By their nature, certain market risk disclosures are only estimates and could be materially different from what actually occurs in the future. As a result, actual future gains or losses could materially differ from those that have been estimated. Neither our Company, nor the Selling Shareholder, nor the members of the Syndicate, nor any of their respective affiliates have any obligation to update or otherwise revise any statements reflecting circumstances arising after the date hereof or to reflect the occurrence of underlying events, even if the underlying assumptions do not come to fruition. In accordance with SEBI requirements, our Company, the Selling Shareholder and the BRLMs will ensure that investors in India are informed of material developments until such time as the grant of trading permission by the Stock Exchanges for the Equity Shares Allotted pursuant to the Issue. x

13 RISK FACTORS An investment in equity shares involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider all the information in this Red Herring Prospectus, including the risks and uncertainties described below, before making an investment in our Equity Shares. You should read this section in conjunction with the sections entitled Our Business and Management s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations on pages 57 and 207 of this Red Herring Prospectus, as well as the other information contained in this Red Herring Prospectus. If any one or some combination of the following risks were to occur, our business, results of operations and financial condition could suffer, and the price of the Equity Shares and the value of your investment in the Equity Shares could decline. Internal Risks 1. Most of our income is derived from the transmission of power to the State Power Utilities ( SPUs ), and many of these entities have had weak credit histories in the past. The SPUs are our largest customers. They accounted for at least 79% of income in Fiscal 2005, 2006 and In the three months ending June 30, 2007, SPUs accounted for 83% of income. In accordance with the terms of allocation letters issued by the GoI, we are obliged to undertake the transmission of electricity to SPUs from Central Sector generation stations through our transmission system. The SPUs include certain SEBs, and also the entities that have been created by the unbundling of the remaining SEBs. The SEBs had weak credit histories in the past. The financial performance of the SEBs deteriorated significantly during the decade prior to the one time settlement ( OTS ) of their past-due amounts under a securitisation scheme in The estimated commercial losses of the SEBs in Fiscal 2002 (without taking subsidies into account) were approximately Rs. 330 billion. The OTS introduced several measures that have improved the financial condition of the SEBs and have given protection to certain of their creditors, including us. These measures included the issuance to us of Rs billion in bonds and Rs billion as long term advances to securitise our past due receivables from the SEBs. In addition, our agreements with the SPUs are backed by letters of credit that cover 105% of the SPUs preceding twelve months average billings with us. Presently, we collect nearly 100% of our receivables from SPUs on a timely basis. We cannot, however, assure you that as a result of the OTS, the creditworthiness of the SPUs will remain strong. Nor can we assure you that we would be able to recover all the outstanding amounts due to us from SPUs if their creditworthiness were to deteriorate again. In any such case, our financial position could be adversely affected. 2. Our flexibility in managing our operations is limited by the regulatory environment in which we operate. The power industry in India is regulated by laws, rules and directives issued by governmental and regulatory authorities. These laws, rules and directives have changed significantly in recent years. There are likely to be more changes in the next few years. The Electricity Act puts in place a framework for a series of reforms in the sector, but in many areas the details and timing of the reforms are yet to be determined. It is expected that many of these reforms will take time to be implemented. In the event there are additional reforms, including changes to the current regulatory bodies or to the existing rules and directives, our business could be adversely affected. For example, currently, we undertake each new transmission project with the expectation that the tariffs we will be allowed to recover from customers will compensate us on a cost-plus basis for undertaking the project. However, the new national tariff policy notified by the GoI on January 6, 2006 provides that tariffs on all projects for which we might wish or expect to be the developer shall be determined on the basis of competitive bidding, commencing after a period of five years from the adoption of the tariff policy, or at such date as CERC is satisfied that the situation is appropriate to introduce competition. If we are unable to adapt to a regulatory regime in which new transmission xi

14 projects are approved for the interested developer on the basis of competitive bidding, then we may not be able to take on new projects and make them work for us on a commercial basis. This could have an adverse effect on our growth plans. For a more detailed description of the current regulatory bodies and the existing laws, rules and directives, see the section entitled Regulations and Policies beginning on page 92 of this Red Herring Prospectus. 3. Our tariffs could in the future be modified in ways that could have an adverse effect on our results of operations. Pursuant to the Electricity Act, a new national tariff policy was adopted in CERC is to be guided by this policy when specifying the terms and conditions of particular tariffs. Our current tariffs should in general remain in place until fiscal In the event, however, that the current tariff policy changes or CERC modifies our tariffs, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected. Any such changes could have the effect of, for example, reducing the return on equity currently allowed to us on our projects, change our rate of recovery of operation and maintenance expenditure or set additional limitations on our ability to recover the costs of assets we develop or services we provide. In the past, CERC reduced our return on equity from 16% to 14% with effect from April 1, For a discussion of current tariff policy in the electricity industry in India, see the section entitled Regulations and Policies beginning on page 92 of this Red Herring Prospectus. 4. The Electricity Act introduces measures which could result in increased competition for us. Since 1998, the Indian power transmission sector has been open, as a matter of law and regulation, to possible investment by private entities, domestic and international, as transmission licencees. In 2000, the GoI issued guidelines for private sector investment in power transmission. Further, the Electricity Act, which came into effect in June 2003, provides for open access to transmission and distribution networks, permits the creation of alternative or parallel distribution networks, allows captive generation units to move power to end-use destinations ( captive use ) without the payment of surcharges and introduces power trading as an activity distinct from power generation, transmission and distribution. Further, the national tariff policy notified by the GoI on January 6, 2006 provides that tariffs on all projects by developers other than the CTU or STUs shall be determined on the tariff based competitive bidding. Such tariff based competitive bidding shall also be applicable for projects being undertaken by the CTU or the STUs after a period of five years from the date of the tariff policy, or when CERC is satisfied that the situation is appropriate to introduce competition. In addition, the GoI has also formed an Empowered Committee, chaired by a member of CERC, which has identified 14 new electric power transmission projects in which the project developer will be selected through competitive tariff-based bidding. As a consequence of these reforms, large Indian business houses and international companies, among others, including some that already have a presence in the Indian power sector, may seek to expand their operations in the Indian transmission sector. The power sector in India could also attract new domestic and international entrants. Significant competition from within or outside India could adversely affect our growth plans and might affect our future results of operations. 5. Transmission projects require a substantial capital outlay and time before any benefits or returns on investments are realized. Our projects typically require substantial capital outlays and time before the commencement of commercial operation. As per CERC regulations, we are paid a return on our equity in a project only after the commencement of commercial operation of the project. In the event of a time overrun for a project in which we are investing, returns on our investment in that project will be postponed during the delay. In particular, if a new transmission project is linked to a new generation project, and the generation project is delayed, our return on our investment in the transmission project will be postponed, subject only to the receipt of limited indemnification amounts from the generator. Conversely, our failure to complete a transmission project that is linked with a generation project, xii

15 according to the transmission project s agreed schedule, might require us to indemnify the generators up to certain limited amounts. As a result of any such delays or costs, our return on investment on the affected transmission project may be lower than originally expected. The time and costs required to complete a project may be subject to substantial increases due to many factors, including shortages of materials, equipment, technical skills or labour, adverse weather conditions, natural disasters, labour disputes, disputes with contractors, accidents, changes in government priorities and policies, changes in market conditions, delays in obtaining the requisite licenses, permits and approvals from the relevant authorities and other unforeseeable problems and circumstances. Any of these factors may lead to delays in, or prevent the completion of, our projects. It is possible that in certain circumstances CERC may not approve the increased capital expenditure brought about by a delay on a project when setting the tariff for that project, which would result in a reduction on our return on our investment in that project. 6. Our new projects and expansion plans are subject to a number of contingencies. Our new projects and expansion plans are subject to a number of contingencies, including changes in laws and regulations, governmental action or inaction, delays in obtaining permits or approvals, accidents, natural calamities and other factors beyond our control. In addition, most of our projects are dependent on the availability of competent external contractors for construction, delivery and commissioning, as well as the supply and testing of equipment. We cannot assure you that the performance of our external contractors will always meet our terms and conditions or performance parameters. If the performance of contractors is inadequate to our requirements, this could result in incremental cost and time overruns which in turn could adversely affect our new projects and expansion plans. Although, our contractors furnish performance guarantees, generally for months, we cannot assure you that in the event of poor execution of contracts we would always be able to enforce the performance guarantees from these contractors. Also, due to the significant level of general construction activity in India today, there is a huge demand for construction companies, and the availability of competent construction companies may be limited. If we are not able to award our projects to competent contractors on a timely basis, or on terms than provide for the timely and cost-effective execution of the project, our projects may be delayed and our returns on those projects may be affected. In addition, as part of our growth strategy, we may seek to acquire businesses, technologies and products. We may choose to incur additional debt to fund any such expansion plans. Nevertheless, we may fail to complete such acquisitions, or realise the anticipated benefits of such acquisitions, and may incur unforeseen costs. This could negatively affect our business. 7. Our business involves various risks, and we may not have sufficient insurance to cover our economic losses. Our operations are subject to a number of risks generally associated with the transmission of electricity. These risks include explosions, fires, earthquakes and other natural disasters, breakdowns, failures or substandard performance of equipment, improper installation or operation of equipment, accidents, acts of terrorism, operational problems, transportation interruptions and labour disturbances. These risks can cause personal injury and loss of life and damage to, or the destruction of, property and equipment, and may result in the limitation or interruption of our business operations and the imposition of civil or criminal liabilities. We maintain a self-insurance scheme to cover a portion of our business risks. We also maintain insurance policies with outside insurers in respect of risks to certain critical equipment and other selected risks. Certain of our telecom assets are insured against fire damage. We carry coverage against various other fire and allied perils and against certain risks of theft. We do not carry any insurance against harm to third parties, other than during the course of construction of our projects. xiii

16 We believe that our self insurance reserve and other insurance policies mentioned above provide us with an optimum level of insurance against risks, given the costs of additional insurance. However, we cannot assure you that if we suffer material losses, our self insurance and insurance arrangements will be sufficient to cover those losses. If our losses are more than our insurance coverage, our result of operations could be adversely affected. 8. Our expansion plans require significant capital expenditure. If we are unable to obtain the necessary funds on acceptable terms, our growth plans could be adversely affected. We will need significant additional capital to finance our business plan and in particular, our plans for transmission infrastructure expansion. Subject to government approvals, we plan to spend approximately Rs. 550 billion over the next five years as part of the GoI s Eleventh Five Year Plan. As per the current regulations, we would expect that 30% of our proposed capital expenditure would be funded by equity and the remaining 70% would be funded by debt financing. We have in the past been able to finance our projects on competitive terms. Nevertheless, our plan for new projects over the next five years is substantial, and our ability to finance this plan is subject to a number of risks, contingencies and other factors, some of which are beyond our control, including general economic and capital markets conditions and our ability to obtain financing on acceptable terms. Furthermore, adverse developments in the Indian credit markets, such as the recent increase in interest rates, or the downgrading of our credit rating of AAA by CRISIL or LAAA by ICRA, could increase our debt service costs and the overall cost of our funds. We cannot assure you that debt or equity financing or our internal accruals will be available or sufficient to meet our capital expenditure requirements. 9. We have substantial borrowings. In the event we were to default in the repayment of our debt or not comply with the terms of our loan agreements, our business and results of operations could be adversely affected. As of June 30, 2007 our total borrowings were Rs. 202, million and our debt to equity ratio was 1.81:1. We generally meet our debt service obligations and repay our outstanding borrowings using the cash flow produced under our tariffs, which have built-in provisions for the repayment of our debt. However, for various reasons, there can be no assurance that we will be able to pay our debt obligations on time. In the event that the completion of a new project were to be substantially delayed, we might have to service the debt financing for that project before generating any cash flows from that project. Further, an event of default under our loans could occur due to factors beyond our control, for example if India were to fail to remain a member of the Asian Development Bank or similar multilateral funding agencies. If we fail to meet our debt service obligations or if a default otherwise occurs, our lenders could declare us in default under the terms of our borrowings and accelerate the maturity of our obligations. Any such acceleration could have a material adverse effect on our cash flows, business and results of operations. 10. Our indebtedness and the conditions and restrictions imposed by our financing arrangements could adversely affect our ability to conduct our business and operations. There are covenants in the agreements we have entered into with certain banks and financial institutions for our short-term borrowings, medium-term borrowings, bond trust deeds and multilateral lending institutions that require us to obtain written consent from lenders prior to, amongst other circumstances, creating further encumbrances on our assets, disposing of assets outside the ordinary course of business, effecting any scheme of amalgamation or restructuring, undertaking guarantee obligations, incurring capital expenditures beyond certain limits, undertaking new projects or making investments, which could be interpreted to include investments in special purpose vehicles. In addition, some of our loan agreements contain financial covenants that require us to maintain, among other things, high ratings on our debt from credit rating agencies, a specified net-worth-to-assets ratio, a specified debt-service-coverage ratio and a specified fixed-asset-coverage ratio. There can be no assurance that we will be able to comply with these financial or other covenants or that we will be xiv