The Future of Offshore Wind Energy

Transcription

1 The Future of Offshore Wind Energy The National Academies Roundtable on Science and Technology for Sustainability June 27, 2012 Washington, DC Doug Pfeister, Senior Vice President Offshore Wind Development Coalition

2 Offshore Wind Development Coalition Founded in 2010 by offshore wind developers and the American Wind Energy Association (AWEA) On the Board: American and European developers, with AWEA Supply chain members Turbine manufacturers Resource assessment Construction and installation Permitting/environmental Cable manufacturing/installation Law firms Vessel owners/operators Other consulting services Mission Advocate for federal policy advancing offshore wind Facilitate business-to-business interactions among members Keep members up-to-date with latest intelligence 2

3 Why Offshore Wind in the United States? Rachel Pachter, Cape Wind Associates 3

4 Why Offshore Wind Lots of Wind in Shallow Water > 1 million MWs of nameplate capacity NREL, Large-Scale Offshore Wind in the United States, September

5 Why Offshore Wind Proven Technology in Shallow Water NREL, Large-Scale Offshore Wind in the United States, September

6 Why Offshore Wind Remote Land-Based Wind Significant transmission constraints limit movement of power across the country 6

7 But there is no offshore wind installed in the United States 7

8 More Than 20 Years of Offshore Wind Growth in Europe 3,813 MW installed 2,375 MW under construction in GW under consideration 30 GW under consideration 120 GW planned for Source: TUDelft Offshore Engineering / ECN

9 European Offshore Wind Statistics 1 53 wind farms in 10 countries 1,371 turbines Average nameplate capacity of just under 200 MW Typical meteorological year production of 14,000 GWh Average water depth of 22.8 m (74.8 feet) Average distance from shore of 23.4 km (14.5 miles) 75% of turbines are on monopile foundations, 21% on gravity, and 2% on jacket 2 full-scale, grid-connected floating turbines 9

10 European Offshore Wind Statistics 2 European Wind Energy Association, The European offshore wind industry key 2011 trends and statistics, January

11 European Offshore Wind Statistics 3 European Wind Energy Association, The European offshore wind industry key 2011 trends and statistics, January

12 European Offshore Wind Statistics 4 European Wind Energy Association, The European offshore wind industry key 2011 trends and statistics, January

13 Near-Term Potential in the U.S anticipated construction Massachusetts (Cape Wind) 468 MW New Jersey (Fishermen s Energy) 25 MW Rhode Island (Deepwater Wind) 30 MW 523 MW construction? Delaware (NRG Bluewater Wind) 450 MW? Maine (DeepC Wind) 12 MW New Jersey (multiple developers) 1,000 MW New York (LI-NYC Offshore Wind Project) 700 MW 2,162 MW 13

14 Renewable Energy Tsunami in the U.S. Economic slowdown Demand for electricity is down Short-term excess electric capacity Electric prices are down significantly Natural gas supply up, prices down Hydraulic fracturing is increasing domestic supply and putting downward pressure on price In many markets, natural gas sets the wholesale price of electricity Congressional inaction 2010 elections produced more conservative Congress The result: gridlock 14

15 2012 Predictions Congressional action on the Investment Tax Credit (ITC) for offshore wind Completed Environmental Assessments (EAs) for leasing and surveys outside of Mid-Atlantic states One or more Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) Sale Notices for offshore sites One or more signed leases (first was Cape Wind s) followed by Site Assessment Plans (SAPs) Strong progress in MA, NJ, RI projects and the Atlantic Wind Connection (aka Google Backbone ) Completion of Offshore Wind Renewable Energy Certificate (OREC) regulations in New Jersey 15

16 Policy Work Underway at OffshoreWindDC Top priority: passage of offshore wind ITC by Congress Adoption of BOEM lease auction rules (draft in VA) Effective approach to Atlantic right whale protection Standards for engineering and design, construction, and operation and maintenance of offshore wind farms Proper balancing of navigation interests with the US Coast Guard More efficient permitting that still allows for adequate stakeholder involvement Offshore wind market development, especially in States Domestic supply chain development 16

17 $90 million awarded prior to 2011 Technical Work Underway at DOE Blade and drive-train testing, floating foundation R&D $43 million awarded in 2011 to speed technical innovations, lower costs, and shorten the timeline for deploying offshore wind $26.5 M (19 projects) to address technical challenges and provide the foundation for [a] cost-competitive offshore wind $16.5 M (22 projects) to research factors limiting the deployment of offshore wind $180 million to be awarded this year supporting four innovative offshore wind demonstration projects One project operational by 2014, three by About 50 MW total 17

18 Technical Work Needed Deployment of meteorological-ocean measurement platforms (e.g., towers or buoys) in high-demand areas Baseline environmental studies in these areas to assess environmental sensitivity and post-construction effects Accelerating standards and certification process, working with the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BSEE), National Labs, NAS, IEC, and industry Identifying critical technical needs not addressed or being addressed by the global, especially European, wind power industry that is, avoid repetitive studies 18

19 Thank you Doug Pfeister Senior Vice President Offshore Wind Development Coalition 1130 Connecticut Avenue, NW, Suite 300 Washington, DC Rachel Pachter, Cape Wind Associates 19