CHAPTER 5 DATA ANALYSIS & INTERPRETATION

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1 CHAPTER 5 DATA ANALYSIS & INTERPRETATION 180

2 5.1 CAPITAL RISK ADEQUACY RATIO: CRAR is a ratio of Capital Fund to Risk Weighted Assets. Reserve Bank of India prescribes banks to maintain a minimum Capital to risk-weighted Assets Ratio (CRAR) of 9 % with regard to credit risk, market risk and operational risk on an ongoing basis, as against 8 % prescribed in Basel documents. Total capital includes Tier-I capital and Tier-II capital. Tier-I capital includes paid up equity capital, free reserves, intangible assets etc. Tier-II capital includes long term unsecured loans, loss reserves, hybrid debt capital instruments etc. The higher the CRAR, the stronger is considered a bank, as it ensures high safety against bankruptcy. CRAR = Capital/ Total Risk Weighted Credit Exposure HYPOTHESIS TESTING Null Hypothesis (Ho):- There is no significant difference among Capital Risk Adequacy Ratio of selected public and private sector banks. Alternative Hypothesis (Ha):- There is significant difference among Capital Risk Adequacy Ratio of selected public and private sector banks T-TEST RESULTS Type of Bank N Std. Deviation Std. Error t (cal) t (tab) df Public Private n1 + n2 2 =

3 5.1.3 INTERPRETATION 1. Value of t calculated is and it is more than the tabular value of t i.e so Null Hypothesis is Ho is rejected. It is clear that there is significant difference between capital adequacy ratio of selected public and private sector banks. 2. Graphical Presentation Chart 5.1.3A CAPITAL ADEQUACY RATIO MEAN YEARS Public Private 3. It can further be interpreted from the above chart and T-test analysis that CAR of private sector banks is higher than CAR of public sector banks. 4. CAR of private banks is significantly higher in the last five years. 5. It can also be noticed that CAR of private sector banks increases in the first four years i.e. from 2008 to 2011 and it decreases noticeably in 2012 and While CAR of public sector banks is always lower than private banks, it can be noted that it has remained almost constant with its mean. i.e

4 5.1.4 RATIO ANALYSIS Capital Adequacy Ratio (calculated as on March 31) Public Sector Private Sector Allahabad Bank Axis Bank Andhra Bank Catho Syrian Bank of Baroda Dev Cre Bank Bank of India Dhanlaxmi Bank of Maharashtra Federal Bank CANARA Bank HDFC Bank Central Bank of India ICICI Bank Corporation Bank IndusInd Bank Dena Bank ING Vysya IDBI Bank Ltd J and K Bank Indian Bank Karnataka Bank Indian Over s Bank Karur Vysya Oriental Bank Kotak Mahindra Punjab National Lakshmi Vilas State Bank of India Nainital Bank Syndicate Bank Ratnakar Bank UCO Bank South Indian Union Bank The city union Vijaya Bank Yes Bank MEAN MEAN SD SD

5 5.2 DEBT EQUITY RATIO: This ratio indicates the degree of leverage of a bank. It indicates how much of the bank business is financed through debt and how much through equity. This is calculated as the proportion of total asset liability to net worth. Outside liability includes total borrowing, deposits and other liabilities. Net worth includes equity capital and reserve and surplus. Higher the ratio indicates less protection for the creditors and depositors in the banking system. Borrowings/ (Share Capital + reserves) HYPOTHESIS TESTING Null Hypothesis (Ho):- There is no significant difference among Debt Equity Ratio of selected public and private sector banks. Alternative Hypothesis (Ha):- There is significant difference among Debt Equity Ratio of selected public and private sector banks T TEST RESULTS Type of Bank N Std. Deviation Std. Error t (cal) t (tab) df Public Private n1 + n2 2 =

6 5.2.3 INTERPRETATION 1. Value of t calculated is.923 and it is less than the tabular value of t i.e so Null Hypothesis is Ho is accepted. It is clear that there is no significant difference between Debt Equity ratio of selected public and private sector banks 2. Graphical Presentation Chart 5.2.3A DEBT EQUITY RATIO MEAN YEARS Public Private 3. Debt equity ratio of both the types of banks have been found to have not much difference. 4. of Debt Equity Ratio of private banks is higher than public sector banks and noticeably increasing sufficiently in the years 2009 to Debt Equity Ratio of both the types of banks has decreased slightly in the last two years i.e and

7 5.2.4 RATIO ANALYSIS Debt Equity Ratio (calculated as on March 31) Public Sector Private Sector Allahabad Bank Axis Bank Andhra Bank Catho Syrian Bank of Baroda Dev Cre Bank Bank of India Dhanlaxmi Bank of Maharashtra Federal Bank CANARA Bank HDFC Bank Central Bank of India ICICI Bank Corporation Bank IndusInd Bank Dena Bank ING Vysya IDBI Bank Ltd J and K Bank Indian Bank Karnataka Bank Indian Over s Bank Karur Vysya Oriental Bank Kotak Mahindra Punjab National Lakshmi Vilas State Bank of India Nainital Bank Syndicate Bank Ratnakar Bank UCO Bank South Indian Union Bank The city union Vijaya Bank Yes Bank MEAN MEAN SD SD

8 5.3 TOTAL ADVANCE TO TOTAL ASSET RATIO: This is the ratio of the total advances to total asset. This ratio indicates banks aggressiveness in lending which ultimately results in better profitability. Higher ratio of advances of bank deposits (assets) is preferred to a lower one. Total advances also include receivables. The value of total assets is excluding the revaluation of all the assets. Total Advances/ Total Asset HYPOTHESIS TESTING Null Hypothesis (Ho):- There is no significant difference among Total Advance to Total Asset Ratio of selected public and private sector banks. Alternative Hypothesis (Ha):- There is significant difference among Total Advance to Total Asset Ratio of selected public and private sector banks T TEST RESULTS Type of Bank N Std. Deviation Std. Error t (cal) t (tab) df Public Private n1 + n2 2 =

9 5.3.3 INTERPRETATION 1. Value of t calculated is and it is more than the tabular value of t i.e so Null Hypothesis is Ho is rejected. It is clear that there is significant difference between Total Advance to Total Asset ratio of selected public and private sector banks. 2. Graphical Presentation Chart 5.3.3A TOTAL ADVANCE TO TOTAL ASSET RATIO MEAN Public Private YEARS 3. It is apparently clear from the t-test analysis and above graphical chart that private sector banks lead and win outright as far as advances to assets are concerned. 4. Both types of banks show negligible change in the ratio over the period of six years. 5. There is a big difference between the advances of private and public sector banks as can be seen from the table of ratio analysis i.e Following tables show the amount of advances done by the two types of banks over a period of six years. 7. These tables suggest that advances from Public banks are significantly lower than private sector banks. 188

10 5.3.3A Total advances (in million Rs.) Private Sector Banks Axis Bank Catholic Syrian Bank Ltd Development Credit Bank Dhanlaxmi Bank Federal Bank HDFC Bank Ltd ICICI Bank IndusInd Bank ING Vysya Bank Jammu and Kashmir Bank Karnataka Bank Ltd Karur Vaysya Bank Kotak Mahindra Bank Limited Lakshmi Vilas Bank Ltd Nainital Bank Ltd Ratnakar Bank South Indian Bank The city union bank Yes Bank Public Sector Banks Allahabad Bank Andhra Bank Bank of Baroda Bank of India Bank of Maharashtra CANARA Bank Central Bank of India Corporation Bank Dena Bank IDBI Bank Ltd Indian Bank Indian Overseas Bank Oriental Bank of Commerce Punjab National Bank State Bank of India Syndicate Bank UCO Bank Union Bank of India United Bank of India Vijaya Bank

11 5.3.3 RATIO ANALYSIS Total Advance to Total Asset Ratio (calculated as on March 31) Public Sector Private Sector Allahabad Bank Axis Bank Andhra Bank Catho Syrian Bank of Baroda Dev Cre Bank Bank of India Dhanlaxmi Bank of Maharashtra Federal Bank CANARA Bank HDFC Bank Central Bank of India ICICI Bank Corporation Bank IndusInd Bank Dena Bank ING Vysya IDBI Bank Ltd J and K Bank Indian Bank Karnataka Bank Indian Over s Bank Karur Vysya Oriental Bank Kotak Mahindra Punjab National Lakshmi Vilas State Bank of India Nainital Bank Syndicate Bank Ratnakar Bank UCO Bank South Indian Union Bank The city union Vijaya Bank Yes Bank MEAN MEAN SD SD

12 5.4 GOVERNMENT SECURITIES TO TOTAL INVESTMENTS: The percentage of investment in government securities to total investment is a very important indicator, which shows the risk taking ability of the bank. It indicates a bank s strategy as being high profit high risk or low profit low risk. It also gives a view as to the availability of alternative investment opportunities. Government securities are generally considered as the most safe debt instrument, which, as a result, carries the lowest return. Since government securities are risk free, the higher the government security to investment ratio, the lower the risk involved in a bank s investments HYPOTHESIS TESTING Null Hypothesis (Ho):- There is no significant difference among Government Securities to Total Investment Ratio of selected public and private sector banks. Alternative Hypothesis (Ha):- There is significant difference among Government Securities to Total Investment Ratio of selected public and private sector banks T TEST RESULTS Type of Bank N Std. Deviation Std. Error t (cal) t (tab) df Public Private n1 + n2 2 =

13 5.4.3 INTERPRETATION 1. Value of t calculated is.143 and it is less than the tabular value of t i.e so Null Hypothesis is Ho is accepted. It is clear that there is no significant difference between Government Securities to Total Investment ratio of selected public and private sector banks. 2. Graphical Presentation Chart 5.4.3A GOVT SECURITIES TO TOTAL INVESTMENT RATIO MEAN Public Private YEARS 3. Initially in the years 2008 and 2009, it is found that Government securities to Total Investment ratio of Private sector banks are quite higher than public sector banks. 4. It neutralizes in the year 2010 and gets lower than public sector banks in the years 2011 and It is also found to be inconsistent ratio for both the types of banks. 6. It can be concluded that in the initial years private banks were playing safe and hence they invested in safe government securities more than public banks and at a later stage after finding balance private sector banks may have reduced their safe investments by involving risky but more profitable investments. 192

14 5.4.4 RATIO ANALYSIS Government Securities to Total Investments Ratio (calculated as on March 31) Public Sector Private Sector Allahabad Bank Axis Bank Andhra Bank Catho Syrian Bank of Baroda Dev Cre Bank Bank of India Dhanlaxmi Bank of Maharashtra Federal Bank CANARA Bank HDFC Bank Central Bank of India ICICI Bank Corporation Bank IndusInd Bank Dena Bank ING Vysya IDBI Bank Ltd J and K Bank Indian Bank Karnataka Bank Indian Over s Bank Karur Vysya Oriental Bank Kotak Mahindra Punjab National Lakshmi Vilas State Bank of India Nainital Bank Syndicate Bank Ratnakar Bank UCO Bank South Indian Union Bank The city union Vijaya Bank Yes Bank MEAN MEAN SD SD

15 5.5 NPA: NON-PERFORMING ASSETS: Advances are classified into performing and non-performing advances (NPAs) as per RBI guidelines. NPAs are further classified into sub-standard, doubtful and loss assets based on the criteria stipulated by RBI. An asset, including a leased asset, becomes nonperforming when it ceases to generate income for the Bank. GROSS NPA RATIO: This ratio is used to check whether the bank's gross NPAs are increasing quarter on quarter or year on year. If it is, indicating that the bank is adding a fresh stock of bad loans. It would mean the bank is either not exercising enough caution when offering loans or is too lax in terms of following up with borrowers on timely repayments. Gross NPA/ Total Loan HYPOTHESIS TESTING Null Hypothesis (Ho):- There is no significant difference among Gross NPA Ratio of selected public and private sector banks. Alternative Hypothesis (Ha):- There is significant difference among Gross NPA Ratio of selected public and private sector banks T TEST RESULTS Type of Bank N Std. Deviation Std. Error t (cal) t (tab) df Public Private n1 + n2 2 =

16 5.5.3 INTERPRETATION 1. Value of t calculated is.892 and it is less than the tabular value of t i.e so Null Hypothesis is Ho is accepted. It is clear that there is no significant difference between GROSS NPA ratio of selected public and private sector banks. 2. Graphical Presentation Chart 5.5.3A GROSS NPA RATIO MEAN Public Private YEARS 3. Gross NPA in private sector banks have always been high initially. As we have seen earlier in Total Advances to Total Asset ratio that Private sectors banks advances have been much higher than the public banks. This has lead to higher Gross NPA in private banks in most of the years. 4. Although there has not been major difference found between the Gross NPA of the two types of banks, year 2011 stands as exception as Gross NPA of private banks is more than 3 times to public banks. 5. Lately, due to increase in advances by public banks and lack of effective follow up actions, public banks have scored higher in this negative ratio. 195

17 5.5.4 RATIO ANALYSIS Gross NPA to Total Loan ratio (calculated as on March 31) Public Sector Private Sector Allahabad Bank Axis Bank Andhra Bank Catho Syrian Bank of Baroda Dev Cre Bank Bank of India Dhanlaxmi Bank of Maharashtra Federal Bank CANARA Bank HDFC Bank Central Bank of India ICICI Bank Corporation Bank IndusInd Bank Dena Bank ING Vysya IDBI Bank Ltd J and K Bank Indian Bank Karnataka Bank Indian Over s Bank Karur Vysya Oriental Bank Kotak Mahindra Punjab National Lakshmi Vilas State Bank of India Nainital Bank Syndicate Bank Ratnakar Bank UCO Bank South Indian Union Bank The city union Vijaya Bank Yes Bank MEAN MEAN SD SD

18 5.6 NET NPA RATIO: Net NPAs reflect the performance of banks. A high level of NPAs suggests high probability of a large number of credit defaults that affect the profitability and networth of banks and also wear down the value of the asset. Loans and advances usually represent the largest asset of most of the banks. It monitors the quality of the bank s loan portfolio. The higher the ratio, the higher the credits risk. Net NPA/ Total Loan HYPOTHESIS TESTING Null Hypothesis (Ho):- There is no significant difference among Capital Risk Adequacy Ratio of selected public and private sector banks. Alternative Hypothesis (Ha):- There is significant difference among Capital Risk Adequacy Ratio of selected public and private sector banks T TEST RESULTS Type of Bank N Std. Deviation Std. Error t (cal) t (tab) df Public Private n1 + n2 2 =

19 5.6.3 INTERPRETATION 1. Value of t calculated is and it is more than the tabular value of t i.e so Null Hypothesis is Ho is rejected. It is clear that there is significant difference between NET NPA ratio of selected public and private sector banks. 2. Graphical Presentation Chart 5.6.3A NET NPA RATIO MEAN YEARS Public Private 3. Results of Gross NPA ratio quite clearly seem to have been carried forward and plays key role in indicating NET NPA ratio. 4. Closely comparing figures and charts of Gross and Net NPA of both the types of banks, we can conclude that public banks have not done well enough in recovering its advances which has resulted into higher pillars of NET NPA. 5. The figures and charts also indicate public banks getting into high risk zone. 198

20 6. Advances of private sector banks are higher than public banks and still their NPA is lower so that suggests efficiency and effectiveness of Private sectors banks as far as their advance management is concerned. 7. Public banks must take effective steps to get out of this zone at the earliest possible so as to avoid crunch situation of profitability. 199

21 5.6.4 RATIO ANALYSIS Net NPA to Total Loan ratio (calculated as on March 31) Public Sector Private Sector Allahabad Bank Axis Bank Andhra Bank Catho Syrian Bank of Baroda Dev Cre Bank Bank of India Dhanlaxmi Bank of Maharashtra Federal Bank CANARA Bank HDFC Bank Central Bank of India ICICI Bank Corporation Bank IndusInd Bank Dena Bank ING Vysya IDBI Bank Ltd J and K Bank Indian Bank Karnataka Bank Indian Over s Bank Karur Vysya Oriental Bank Kotak Mahindra Punjab National Lakshmi Vilas State Bank of India Nainital Bank Syndicate Bank Ratnakar Bank UCO Bank South Indian Union Bank The city union Vijaya Bank Yes Bank MEAN MEAN SD SD

22 5.7 MANAGEMENT SOUNDNESS Sound management is one of the most important factors behind financial institutions performance. Indicators of quality of management, however, are primarily applicable to individual institutions, and cannot be easily aggregated across the sector. Furthermore, given the qualitative nature of management, it is difficult to judge its soundness just by looking at financial accounts of the banks. Nevertheless, total advance to total deposit, business per employee and profit per employee helps in gauging the management quality of the banking institutions. Total Advance to Total Deposit Ratio: This ratio measures the efficiency and ability of the banks management in converting the deposits available with the banks (excluding other funds like equity capital, etc.) into high earning advances. Total deposits include demand deposits, saving deposits, term deposit and deposit of other bank. Total advances also include the receivables. Total Advance/ Total Deposit HYPOTHESIS TESTING Null Hypothesis (Ho):- There is no significant difference among Total Advances to Total Deposits Ratio of selected public and private sector banks. Alternative Hypothesis (Ha):- There is significant difference among Total Advances to Total Deposits Ratio of selected public and private sector banks T TEST RESULTS Type of Bank N Std. Deviation Std. Error t (cal) t (tab) df Public Private n1 + n2 2 =

23 5.7.3 INTERPRETATION 1. Value of t calculated is and it is more than the tabular value of t i.e so Null Hypothesis is Ho is rejected. It is clear that there is significant difference between Total Advance to Total Deposit ratio of selected public and private sector banks. 2. Graphical Presentation Chart 5.7.3A TOTAL ADVANCES TO TOTAL DEPOSITS RATIO MEAN YEARS Public Private 3. Not only do public banks lag behind private banks in making creating significant advances but they also have fallen behind private banks in attracting deposits. 4. Above chart speaks the statement itself that there is huge difference between Advances to Deposit ratio of the two types of banks. 5. Following tables show figures deposits for both the types of banks over the period of six years. 202

24 5.7.3A Total deposits ( Rs.) Private Sector Banks Axis Bank Catholic Syrian Bank Ltd Development Credit Bank Dhanlaxmi Bank Federal Bank HDFC Bank Ltd ICICI Bank IndusInd Bank ING Vysya Bank Jammu and Kashmir Bank Karnataka Bank Ltd Karur Vaysya Bank Kotak Mahindra Bank Limited Lakshmi Vilas Bank Ltd Nainital Bank Ltd Ratnakar Bank South Indian Bank The city union bank Yes Bank Public Sector Banks Allahabad Bank Andhra Bank Bank of Baroda Bank of India Bank of Maharashtra CANARA Bank Central Bank of India Corporation Bank Dena Bank IDBI Bank Ltd Indian Bank Indian Overseas Bank Oriental Bank of Commerce Punjab National Bank State Bank of India Syndicate Bank UCO Bank Union Bank of India United Bank of India Vijaya Bank

25 5.7.4 RATIO ANALYSIS Total Advances to Total Deposit ratio (calculated as on March 31) Public Sector Private Sector Allahabad Bank Axis Bank Andhra Bank Catho Syrian Bank of Baroda Dev Cre Bank Bank of India Dhanlaxmi Bank of Maharashtra Federal Bank CANARA Bank HDFC Bank Central Bank of India ICICI Bank Corporation Bank IndusInd Bank Dena Bank ING Vysya IDBI Bank Ltd J and K Bank Indian Bank Karnataka Bank Indian Over s Bank Karur Vysya Oriental Bank Kotak Mahindra Punjab National Lakshmi Vilas State Bank of India Nainital Bank Syndicate Bank Ratnakar Bank UCO Bank South Indian Union Bank The city union Vijaya Bank Yes Bank MEAN MEAN SD SD

26 5.8 Business per Employee: Revenue per employee is a measure of how efficiently a particular bank is utilizing its employees. Ideally, a bank wants the highest business per employee possible, as it denotes higher productivity. In general, rising revenue per employee is a positive sign that suggests the bank is finding ways to squeeze more sales/revenues out of each of its employee. Total Income/ No. of Employees HYPOTHESIS TESTING Null Hypothesis (Ho):- There is no significant difference among Business Per Employee Ratio of selected public and private sector banks. Alternative Hypothesis (Ha):- There is significant difference among Business Per Employee Ratio of selected public and private sector banks T TEST RESULTS Type of Bank N Std. Deviation Std. Error t (cal) t (tab) df Public Private n1 + n2 2 =

27 5.8.3 INTERPRETATION 1. Value of t calculated is and it is more than the tabular value of t i.e so Null Hypothesis is Ho is rejected. It is clear that there is significant difference between Business per Employee ratio of selected public and private sector banks. 2. Graphical Presentation Chart 5.8.3A BUSINESS PER EMPLOYEE MEAN YEARS Public Private 3. This is the ratio which indicates Public sector banks hands up over Private sector banks. 4. Not only this, it is evident from the chart that over a period of six year both the types of banks are showing northward trend of business per employee. 5. This also indicates that public banks have got edge over private banks in terms of getting higher productivity from its employees. 6. It can be concluded that more experienced public banks and its management squeezes out more productivity and profitability out of their employees. 206

28 5.8.4 RATIO ANALYSIS Business per Employee ratio (calculated as on March 31) Public Sector Private Sector Allahabad Bank Axis Bank Andhra Bank Catho Syrian Bank of Baroda Dev Cre Bank Bank of India Dhanlaxmi Bank of Maharashtra Federal Bank CANARA Bank HDFC Bank Central Bank of India ICICI Bank Corporation Bank IndusInd Bank Dena Bank ING Vysya IDBI Bank Ltd J and K Bank Indian Bank Karnataka Bank Indian Over s Bank Karur Vysya Oriental Bank Kotak Mahindra Punjab National Lakshmi Vilas State Bank of India Nainital Bank Syndicate Bank Ratnakar Bank UCO Bank South Indian Union Bank The city union Vijaya Bank Yes Bank MEAN MEAN SD SD

29 5.9 Profit per Employee: This ratio shows the surplus earned per employee. It is arrived at by dividing profit after tax earned by the bank by the total number of employee. The higher the ratio shows good efficiency of the management. Profit after Tax/ No. of Employees HYPOTHESIS TESTING Null Hypothesis (Ho):- There would be no significant difference among Profit per Employee Ratio of selected public and private sector banks. Alternative Hypothesis (Ha):- There would be significant difference among Profit per Employee Ratio of selected public and private sector banks T TEST RESULTS Type of Bank N Std. Deviation Std. Error t (cal) t (tab) df Public Private n1 + n2 2 =

30 5.9.3 INERPRETATION 1. Value of t calculated is.102 and it is less than the tabular value of t i.e so Null Hypothesis is Ho is accepted. It is clear that there is no significant difference between Profit per Employee ratio of selected public and private sector banks. 2. Graphical Presentation Chart 5.9.3A PROFIT PER EMPLOYEE MEAN YEARS Public Private 3. Although Public banks leading in case of Business per employee, there has not been much difference in the mean found to be as far as profit per employee is concerned. 4. Above chart rightly shows the increasing pillars length indicating profit per employee for both the types of banks. 5. Starting from 2008, both counterparts were showing almost equal profit per employee ratio that gradually increases during the course of six years period. 209

31 6. Profit per employee in public banks remains slightly higher in the first four years but it is showing declining signs in the last two years i.e and Not only this, it falls even lower than private sector banks for the said years. 7. The analysis indicates not much difference mathematically but it suggests public banks to look after its profitability as a concern as it should not be in a position to afford the pillars of 2013 going down further. 210

32 5.9.4 RATIO ANALYSIS Profit per Employee ratio (calculated as on March 31) Public Sector Private Sector Allahabad Bank Axis Bank Andhra Bank Catho Syrian Bank of Baroda Dev Cre Bank Bank of India Dhanlaxmi Bank of Maharashtra Federal Bank CANARA Bank HDFC Bank Central Bank of India ICICI Bank Corporation Bank IndusInd Bank Dena Bank ING Vysya IDBI Bank Ltd J and K Bank Indian Bank Karnataka Bank Indian Over s Bank Karur Vysya Oriental Bank Kotak Mahindra Punjab National Lakshmi Vilas State Bank of India Nainital Bank Syndicate Bank Ratnakar Bank UCO Bank South Indian Union Bank The city union Vijaya Bank Yes Bank MEAN MEAN SD SD

33 5.10 EARNINGS & PROFITABILITY E Earnings and profitability, the prime source of increase in capital base, is examined with regards to interest rate policies and adequacy of provisioning. In addition, it also helps to support present and future operations of the institutions. The single best indicator used to gauge earning is the Return on Assets (ROA), which is net income after taxes to total asset ratio. Strong earnings and profitability profile of banks reflects the ability to support present and future operations. More specifically, this determines the capacity to absorb losses, finance its expansion, pay dividends to its shareholders, and build up an adequate level of capital. Dividend Pay-out Ratio: Dividend pay-out ratio shows the percentage of profit shared with the shareholders. The more the ratio will increase the goodwill of the bank in the share market will strengthen more. Dividend/ Net profit HYPOTHESIS TESTING Null Hypothesis (Ho):- There would be no significant difference among Dividend Pay-out Ratio of selected public and private sector banks. Alternative Hypothesis (Ha):- There would be significant difference among Dividend Pay-out Ratio of selected public and private sector banks T TEST RESULTS Type of Bank N Std. Deviation Std. Error t (cal) t (tab) df Public Private n1 + n2 2 =

34 INTERPRETATION 1. Value of t calculated is and it is less than the tabular value of t i.e so Null Hypothesis is Ho is accepted. It is clear that there is no significant difference between Dividend Payout ratio of selected public and private sector banks. 2. Graphical Presentation Chart A DIVIDEND PAY OUT RATIO MEAN Public Private YEARS 3. Above analysis and chart shows results in favour of Public banks in context of Dividend Payout Ratio. 4. Statistically there is no significant difference between DPR of the two types of banks but noticeably it is clear that public banks have got their hands up as far as paying out more dividend to the shareholders is concerned. 5. While Dividend payout of private sector banks falls slightly down in the later years, public banks pillars are showing constant upward progress. 6. Nevertheless, public banks have done satisfactorily well to keep their shareholders happy. 213

35 RATIO ANALYSIS Dividend Pay out ratio (calculated as on March 31) Public Sector Private Sector Allahabad Bank Axis Bank Andhra Bank Catho Syrian Bank of Baroda Dev Cre Bank Bank of India Dhanlaxmi Bank of Maharashtra Federal Bank CANARA Bank HDFC Bank Central Bank of India ICICI Bank Corporation Bank IndusInd Bank Dena Bank ING Vysya IDBI Bank Ltd J and K Bank Indian Bank Karnataka Bank Indian Over s Bank Karur Vysya Oriental Bank Kotak Mahindra Punjab National Lakshmi Vilas State Bank of India Nainital Bank Syndicate Bank Ratnakar Bank UCO Bank South Indian Union Bank The city union Vijaya Bank Yes Bank MEAN MEAN SD SD

36 5.11 RETURN ON ASSET: Net profit to total asset indicates the efficiency of the banks in utilizing their assets in generating profits. A higher ratio indicates the better income generating capacity of the assets and better efficiency of management in future. Net Profit/ Total Asset HYPOTHESIS TESTING Null Hypothesis (Ho):- There would be no significant difference among Return on Assets Ratio of selected public and private sector banks. Alternative Hypothesis (Ha):- There would be significant difference among Return on Assets Ratio of selected public and private sector banks T TEST RESULTS Type of Bank N Std. Deviation Std. Error t (cal) t (tab) df Public Private n1 + n2 2 =

37 INTERPRETATION 1. Value of t calculated is and it is less than the tabular value of t i.e so Null Hypothesis is Ho is accepted. It is clear that there is no significant difference between Return on Asset ratio of selected public and private sector banks. 2. Graphical Presentation Chart A RETURN ON ASSET MEAN Public Private YEARS 3. Return on asset ratio for both types shows no major difference as also suggested by the above chart. 4. Return on asset for private banks is steadily increasing in later part of the period of six years which is a good sign indicating their profitability. 5. On the other side, starting from 2008 to 2013, ROA for public banks is constantly and consistently falling down. 6. This is one of the most important indicators of the financial performance of the banks as it shows effectiveness of utilization of banks assets to generate maximum wealth. Public banks have lot to think over. 216

38 RATIO ANALYSIS Return on Asset ratio (calculated as on March 31) Public Sector Private Sector Allahabad Bank Axis Bank Andhra Bank Catho Syrian 0.25 Bank of Baroda Dev Cre Bank Bank of India Dhanlaxmi Bank of Maharashtra Federal Bank CANARA Bank HDFC Bank Central Bank of India ICICI Bank Corporation Bank IndusInd Bank Dena Bank ING Vysya IDBI Bank Ltd J and K Bank Indian Bank Karnataka Bank Indian Over s Bank Karur Vysya Oriental Bank Kotak Mahindra Punjab National Lakshmi Vilas State Bank of India Nainital Bank Syndicate Bank Ratnakar Bank UCO Bank South Indian Union Bank The city union Vijaya Bank Yes Bank MEAN MEAN SD SD

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