Making Work Pay in Illinois
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1 Making Work Pay in Illinois Current Policies and Recommendations for Reform Sarah Fass Policy Associate, NCCP Family Impact Seminar Springfield, IL April 22, 2009
2 Who We Are NCCP is a public policy research center dedicated to the economic security, health, and well-being of lowincome children and families. Part of Columbia University s Mailman School of Public Health, NCCP promotes family-oriented solutions at the state and national levels. Our ultimate goal: Improved outcomes for the next generation.
3 Today s Presentation The Challenge: Making Work Pay Policy Recommendations
4 The Challenge: Making Work Pay
5 The Challenge Even many full-time workers can t make ends meet. Work supports such as earned income tax credits, child care assistance, health insurance, and food stamps can help. These benefits encourage, support, and reward employment.
6 The Challenge (cont d) But available supports often aren t enough, and few families receive all of the benefits for which they re eligible. Moreover, most work supports are means-tested so families lose benefits as earnings increase often before they re able to make ends meet without them.
7 NCCP s Family Resource Simulator The Family Resource Simulator is an online policy tool designed to assess the effectiveness of work support policies. The Simulator illustrates how: Federal and state work supports can fill the gap between low wages and expenses. Work supports fall short as family earnings increase. Policy improvements can address cliffs and ensure that families are always better off as parents work and earn more.
8 A Comprehensive Work Support System Should: Provide adequate family resources. If parents work full time, their earnings combined with public benefits should be sufficient to cover basic family expenses. Reward progress in the workforce. When parents increase their earnings, their families should always be better off.
9 What it Takes to Make Ends Meet in Illinois A single parent with two children in Chicago needs to earn about $23 an hour (about $48,000 a year) to cover basic necessities. That s three times the state minimum wage ($7.75 an hour) and almost three times the official poverty level for a family of three ($17,600).
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11 Work Supports Can Help Work supports include earned income tax credits, child care assistance, health insurance, food stamps, and housing assistance. Illinois work support policies can significantly narrow and in some cases, close the gap between low wages and the rising cost of basic needs. But for low-wage workers, it takes multiple benefits in addition to a full-time job to make ends meet.
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13 Benefit Cliffs Keep Families Struggling As parents advance in the workforce, the loss of critical supports keeps them struggling to get ahead. The loss of certain benefits leads to cliffs that leave families worse off than they were before, despite increased earnings. Results are similar across the state.
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16 Policy Recommendations
17 Notable Policies in Illinois Public health insurance: All Kids made Illinois the first state to offer public health insurance to all children, regardless of income. Child care subsidies: Illinois is the largest state to provide subsidies to all eligible applicants. State Earned Income Tax Credit: Illinois has a refundable credit (5 percent of the federal). Minimum wage: $7.75 (federal: $6.55).
18 Strategies for Making Work Pay Phase benefits out gradually to avoid steep cliffs. Raise eligibility limits. Be mindful of program interactions so families don t lose multiple benefits simultaneously. Also need to serve a greater share of eligible families.
19 Reducing Benefit Cliffs in Illinois The food stamp cliff could be eliminated by taking advantage of the federal food stamp option to expand categorical eligibility. The child care cliff could be minimized by increasing the income limit for child care subsidies (from 200% FPL to 275% FPL).
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21 Work Supports Make a Difference at the Lower End of the Income Spectrum Two reforms to the state s TANF program: Increase the TANF earned income disregard from twothirds to three-fourths. Raise TANF payment levels by 15%.
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24 For More Information Contact me: Sarah Fass Funding for this work is provided by the Annie E. Casey Foundation, with additional state and regional support.
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