Basic Income. An Anthology of. Contemporary Research. Edited by. Karl Widerquist, Jose A. Noguera, Yannick Vanderborght, and Jurgen De Wispelaere

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1 Basic Income An Anthology of Contemporary Research Edited by, Jose A. Noguera, Yannick Vanderborght, and Jurgen De Wispelaere Wl LEY Blackwell

2 Contents About the Editors Introduction: The Idea of an Unconditional Income for Everyone, Tannick Vanderborght, Jose A. Noguera, and Jurgen De Wispelaere xi xiii Part I: Freedom Introduction: Freedom and Basic Income 1. The Psychological Aspects of the Guaranteed Income Erich Fromm 2. The Case for a Negative Income Tax: A View from the Right Milton Friedman 3. Why Surfers Should Be Fed: The Crazy-Lazy Challenge 4. Optional Freedoms Elizabeth Anderson 5. A Republican Right to Basic Income Philip Pettit 6. Why We Demand a Basic Income Part II: Justice Introduction: Theories of Justice and Basic Income 7. Left-libertarianism and a Global Rent Payment Nicola-us Tideman and Peter Vallentyne 8. Guaranteed Income as a Replacement for the Welfare State Charles Murray

3 9. A Capitalist Road to Communism 52 Robert van der Veen and 10. Why Marxists and Socialists Should Favor Basic Income Michael Howard Basic Income and the Common Good 62 Bill Jordan 12. Associations and Basic Income 72 Bill Jordan Part III: Reciprocity and Exploitation 79 Introduction: Reciprocity and Exploitation Brief Comments on Leisure Time 85 John Rawls 14. Liberal Equality, Exploitation, and the Case for an Unconditional Basic Income 87 Stuart White 15. Clamshell Rents? How Resource Equality Causes Exploitation 93 Gijs Van Donselaar 16. Basic Income and the Work Ethic 101 Brian Barry 17. Fairness to Idleness: Is There a Right Not to Work? 105 Andrew Levine 18. Basic Income, Self-respect, and Reciprocity 1 14 Catriona McKinnon 19. Reciprocity and the Guaranteed Income The Morality of the Universal Grant Versus the Ethics of Paid Work 134 Robert van der Veen Part IV: Feminism 141 Introduction: The Feminist Response to Basic Income 142

4 Contents Vll 21. Is One Man's Ceiling Another Woman's Floor? 145 Ann Withorn 22. Why Basic Income does not Promote Gender Equality 149 Ann S. Orlojf 23. A Gender Analysis of Basic Income 153 Ingrid Robeyns 24. A Basic Income for Feminists? 163 Tony Fitzpatrick 25. Free-riding and the Household 173 Carole Pateman 26. Promoting Gender Equity Through a Basic Income 178 Ailsa McKay 27. Good for Women 186 Anne Alstott Part V: Economics 189 Introduction: The Economics of Basic Income 190, Jose A. Noguera, and Tannick Vanderborght 28. The Case for an Income Guarantee 195 James Tobin 29. What Can We Learn from the Agathotopians? 200 James Meade 30. Basic Income and Efficiency Basic Income as a Basis for Small Business 210 Bart Nooteboom 32. What (If Anything) Can We Learn from the Negative Income Tax Experiments? Efficiency and Participation: The Basic Income Approach 230 Bill Jordan 34. Subsidize Wages 235 Edmund Phelps

5 viii Contents 35. Universal Basic Income and the Flat Tax 240 Herbert A. Simon 36. Democracy and General Welfare 242 James M. Buchanan 37. Basic Income and Social Power 246 Koen Raes 38. Cost Estimates for a Basic Income in the United States 255 Charles M.A. Clark Part VI: Post-productivism 259 Introduction: Basic Income as a Post-productivist Policy 260 Jose A. Nojjuera and 39. Ecologism and Basic Income 263 Tony Fitzpatrick 40. A Green Case for Basic Income? A Non-productivist Design for Social Policies 275 Claus Offe 42. A Post-productivist Welfare Regime 283 Robert E. Goodin 43. Demoralizing the Labor Market: Could Jobs be Like Cars and Concerts? 289 Bert Hamminga 44. Beyond the Wage-based Society 297 Andre Gorz 45. The Relevance of Basic Income for Post-industrial Economies 307 Fred Block Part VII: Implementation 311 Introduction: The Implementation of Basic Income 312 and Jurgen De Wispelaere 46. The Shadow of Speenhamland Fred Block and Margaret Somers 315

6 Contents IX 47. The Stability of Basic Income 331 Jos de Beus 48. Basic Income and the Welfare State 339 Samuel Brittan 49. Basic Income and Contributory Pensions 346 Jose A. Nojjuera 50. Basic Income as a Minimally Presumptuous Social Welfare Policy 351 Robert E. Goodin 51. The Basic Income Guarantee as an Exit Option 357 Joel Handler and Amanda Sheely Babcock 52. Practical Bottlenecks in the Implementation of a Universal Basic Income 360 Jurgen De Wispelaere and Lindsay Stirton Part VIII: Institutions 369 Introduction: Institutional Versions and Cognates of Basic Income 370 Jose A. Noguera 53. A Global Resources Dividend 375 Thomas W. Pogge 54. From Euro-Stipendium to Euro-Dividend 392 and Yannick Vanderborght 55. Negative Income Tax: The Original Idea 398 Milton Friedman 56. The Case for a Progressive Negative Income Tax 402 Fred Block and Jeff Manza 57. Stakeholding versus Basic Income 417 Bruce Ackerman and Anne Alstott 58. Reciprocity-sensitive Forms of Basic Income 429 Stuart White 59. Participation Income 435 Anthony B. Atkinson 60. The Trilemma of Participation Income Jurgen De Wispelaere and Lindsay Stirton 439

7 X Contents 61. Sabbatical Grants Claus Offe and Johan de Deken 62. A Uniform Refundable Tax Credit Lily L. Ba-tchelder, Fred T. Goldberg Jr., and Peter R. Orszag 63. A Household Basic Income Luis Sanzo and Rafael Pinilla 64. A Coming-of-Age Grant versus a Community Capital Grant Guy Standing Part IX: Politics Introduction: Politics Tannick Vanderborght, Jose A. Noguera, and 65. Political Strategies for Basic Income David Purdy 66. The Lack of Political Support for an Income by Right Bill Cavala and Aaron Wildavsky 67. The Ambiguities of Basic Income from a Trade Union Perspectivi Tannick Vanderborght 68. Basic Income and Social Europe Fritz Scharpf 69. Is Basic Income Politically Feasible in a Social Europe? 70. Basic Income in the South 71. How Cash Transfers Promote the Case for Basic Income Guy Standing 72. Basic Income and the New Class Struggle 73. A "Package Solution" for Basic Income Claus Offe, Ulrich Muckenberger and Ilona Ostner 74. Pathways from Here Claus Offe Index

Stakeholding - A New Paradigm in Social Policy

McGill University From the SelectedWorks of Jurgen De Wispelaere November, 2003 Stakeholding - A New Paradigm in Social Policy Keith Dowding, London School of Economics Jurgen De Wispelaere Stuart White,