S&P All STARS Indices Methodology

Transcription

1 S&P All STARS Indices Methodology S&P Dow Jones Indices: Index Methodology October 2015

2 Table of Contents Introduction 3 Highlights 3 Determination of STARS 5 Eligibility Criteria 6 Index Eligibility 6 Eligibility Factors 6 Index Construction 7 Approaches 7 Sector Representation Constraint 7 Constituent Weightings 8 Index Calculations 8 Index Maintenance 9 Rebalancing 9 Historical Rebalancing 9 Base Date 9 Exchange Rates 9 Corporate Actions 10 Index Data 11 Total Return and Net Return Indices 11 Index Governance 12 Index Policy 13 Announcements 13 Holiday Schedule 13 Unscheduled Market Closures 13 Recalculation Policy 13 S&P Dow Jones Indices: S&P All STARS Indices Methodology 1

3 Index Dissemination 15 Index Data 15 Tickers 15 FTP 15 Web site 15 Appendix 16 Calculation of One-Month Historical Volatility 16 S&P Dow Jones Indices Contact Information 17 Index Management 17 Media Relations 17 Client Services 17 Disclaimer 18 S&P Dow Jones Indices: S&P All STARS Indices Methodology 2

4 Introduction The S&P All Stars Indices consist of the following three indices that are based on the STARS (STock Appreciation Ranking System) research performed by S&P Capital IQ Equity Research Services: S&P All STARS U.S. S&P All STARS Europe S&P Asia All STARS Index STARS is a proprietary S&P Capital IQ stock ranking system that has existed since 1987 for US common stocks, ADRs (American Depositary Receipts) and ADSs (American Depositary Shares). Similarly, S&P Capital IQ Equity Research Services has used the STARS methodology to rank Asian and European equities since June, 30, It is an analyst-derived, qualitative evaluation. It is based on an analyst s determination of future appreciation potential of a specific common stock relative to the expected performance of its relevant S&P Dow Jones Indices benchmark index given a 12-month time horizon. Stocks are ranked between 5 STARS (highest) and 1 STARS (lowest) based on a combination of intrinsic value analysis, relative valuation, sum-of-the-parts analysis and a top-down industry and macroeconomic overlay. Highlights The overarching investment philosophy driving the methodology is Growth at a Reasonable Price. Rankings range from 5 to 1. 5 STARS (Strong Buy): The total return is expected to outperform that of a relevant benchmark over the coming 12 months by a very wide margin, with shares rising in price on an absolute basis. 4 STARS (Buy): The total return is expected to outperform that of a relevant benchmark over the coming 12 months, with shares rising in price on an absolute basis. 3 STARS (Hold): The total return is expected to closely approximate that of a relevant benchmark over the coming 12 months, with shares generally rising in price on an absolute basis. 2 STARS (Sell): The total return is expected to underperform that of a relevant S&P benchmark over the coming 12 months, and share price is not expected to show a gain. S&P Dow Jones Indices: S&P All STARS Indices Methodology 3

5 1 STARS (Strong Sell): The total return of the stock is expected to underperform that of a relevant benchmark over the coming 12 months by a wide margin, with shares falling in price on an absolute basis. On a global basis, S&P Capital IQ Equity Research Services has such rankings on more than 1,700 stocks based on the recommendations of more than 80 equity research analysts located around the world 1. Each S&P All STARS Index is designed to provide equally-weighted exposure to the highest ranked stocks in STARS, for a particular geographic region. The Indices are rebalanced quarterly to take into account any changes in ranking. Stocks in an S&P All STARS Index also have to meet liquidity, sector concentration and market capitalization requirements. This methodology was created by S&P Dow Jones Indices to achieve the aforementioned objective of measuring the underlying interest of each index governed by this methodology document. Any changes to or deviations from this methodology are made in the sole judgment and discretion of S&P Dow Jones Indices so that the index continues to achieve its objective. 1 The total number of stocks includes locally listed stocks and in some cases their ADR counterpart securities. S&P Dow Jones Indices: S&P All STARS Indices Methodology 4

6 Determination of STARS The assigned S&P Capital IQ equity analyst determines STARS rankings based on the following factors: Intrinsic Value Analysis: Determining fair value based principally on discounted cash flow (DCF) analysis. Essentially, estimates of future free cash flows are discounted back to current value, incorporating such variables as risk assessment and a company s capital structure. Relative Valuation: Assessing a security s relative value by comparing appropriate financial ratios across its closest peers. Sum-of-the-parts: Determining the fair market value of a stock by determining private market values for identifiable, separate units. Top-Down Overlay: Emphasis on economic sectors and industry groups that are identified as relative out-performers by senior investment strategists. Forecasts are reliant on collective economic and market projections by S&P Capital IQ s Investment Policy Committee. Analysts can also discuss trading patterns with S&P Capital IQ s Chief Technical Strategist, who concentrates on technical analysis. Stocks with positive relative strength (momentum) are favored. This often relies on 200-day moving averages and other factors. S&P Dow Jones Indices: S&P All STARS Indices Methodology 5

7 Eligibility Criteria Index Eligibility S&P Dow Jones Indices publishes three S&P All STARS Indices -- the US Index, the Europe Index and the Asia Index. The universe from which each Index is drawn is (1) the S&P 500 for the US Index, (2) the S&P Europe 350 for the Europe Index and (3) the S&P Hong Kong BMI, S&P Japan BMI, S&P Singapore BMI, S&P South Korea BMI, S&P Taiwan BMI and S&P China BMI constituents limited to Chinese stocks trading on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange, for the Asia Index. Eligibility Factors STARS Ranking. All stocks must have a ranking of 4 or 5 STARS. Market Capitalization. US and European stocks must have an adjusted market capitalization of at least US$ 3 billion. Asian stocks must have an adjusted market capitalization of at least US$ 1 billion. Liquidity. US and European stocks must have a six-month average daily trading value of at least US$ 5 million, as of the rebalancing reference date. Asia stocks must have a sixmonth average daily trading value of at least US$ 1 million as of the rebalancing reference date. Volatility. All stocks are screened for volatility (as defined in the Appendix). Stocks with an average one-month historical volatility of greater than 80% during the six months prior to the rebalancing reference date, are excluded. Listing Venues. Defined by the underlying methodologies of the indices from which the constituent universes are drawn. Please refer to the S&P U.S. Indices Methodology, the S&P European Indices Methodology and the S&P Global Equities Indices Methodology for more information on the respective underlying indices. All stocks meeting the above criteria form the Investable Universe for their respective regional Index. Market capitalization and liquidity criteria are subject to change according to market conditions S&P Dow Jones Indices: S&P All STARS Indices Methodology 6

8 Index Construction Approaches The Indices are equally weighted, using the divisor methodology used in most S&P Dow Jones Indices equity indices. There are two steps in the creation of the index. The first is the selection of the stocks within each regional Index applying the eligibility factors described above. The second is the weighting of the index constituents within their corresponding S&P All STARS Index. The selection of index constituents is done as follows: During the rebalancing process, S&P Dow Jones Indices determines which eligible stocks constitute each S&P All STARS Index, effective on the rebalancing date, in accordance with the following criteria: 1. The S&P All STARS Indices are comprised of all eligible stocks with a ranking of 5 STARS. 2. The S&P All STARS Indices are comprised of a minimum of 30 eligible stocks for the US and Europe indices and 20 stocks for the Asia index. However, if there are fewer than the minimum eligible stocks with 5 STARS, eligible stocks with 4 STARS are selected in descending order of market capitalization and included to bring the count up to the minimum (if possible). If the eligible stocks with 5 STARS and 4 STARS combined are fewer than the minimum, then only these stocks will constitute the relevant S&P All STARS index for the next period until the next rebalancing date. S&P Dow Jones Indices believes turnover in index membership should be avoided when possible. At times a company may appear to temporarily violate one or more of the addition criteria. However, the addition criteria are for addition to an index, not for continued membership. As a result, an index constituent that appears to violate criteria for addition to that index will not be deleted unless ongoing conditions warrant an index change Sector Representation Constraint At each rebalancing, the weight for each index constituent is set according to the rules below: S&P Dow Jones Indices: S&P All STARS Indices Methodology 7

9 The number of stocks in any one Global Industry Classification Standard (GICS ) Sector may not be greater than 30% of the total number of stocks in each of the regional S&P All STARS Indices. GICS is a four-tier industry classification system. For more information on GICS, please visit our Web site at In the event that this limitation is not met, eligible stocks selected pursuant to 1 and 2 above are removed. Removal begins with the 4 STARS eligible stocks in reverse order of inclusion. Constituent Weightings Each stock in the S&P All STARS Index is set at an equal weight at the rebalancing using adjusted stock prices from the close of the second Friday of the quarterly rebalancing months (March, June, September, and December). Index Calculations The S&P All STARS Indices are calculated using the divisor methodology used in all S&P Dow Jones Indices equity indices. The Index Value is simply the Index Market Value divided by the Index Divisor. Index Market Value Index Value = (1) Index Divisor For more information on the index calculation methodology, please refer to the Equal Weighted Indices section of S&P Dow Jones Indices Index Mathematics methodology. In order to maintain Index series continuity, it is also necessary to adjust the divisor at the rebalancing. (Index Value) before rebalancing = (Index Value) after rebalancing (2) therefore, (Divisor) after rebalancing = (Index Market Value) after rebalancing /(Index Value) before rebalancing (3) The Indices are only set to equal weights at each quarterly rebalancing. In between rebalancing periods, the S&P All STARS Indices will usually not be equally-weighted due to stock price fluctuations. Therefore, any return computation starting from a nonrebalancing date will not match the arithmetic average of returns of the S&P All STARS Index constituents between those two dates. For more information on the Index calculation methodology, please refer to S&P Dow Jones Indices Index Mathematics Methodology. S&P Dow Jones Indices: S&P All STARS Indices Methodology 8

10 Index Maintenance Rebalancing The Indices are rebalanced quarterly, after the close of the third Friday of March, June, September, and December. The rebalancing reference dates are after the close of the third Monday of February, May, August, and November, respectively. Historical Rebalancing Prior to December 2010, the S&P All STARS Indices rebalanced over the 10 scheduled trading days prior to and including the third Friday of June and December. Beginning with the December 2010 rebalancing, the S&P All STARS Indices rebalance on one day, as listed above. Base Date The US and Europe indices are based at 100 on January 18, For the Asia Index, the base value of 100 is set on June 28, Exchange Rates The S&P All STARS U.S. Index is calculated using the US dollar price for the constituents. The S&P All STARS Europe Index uses the Euro or the local price converted to Euro using a foreign exchange spot rate. The S&P All STARS Asia Index uses the US dollar price converted from the local price using a foreign exchange spot rate. S&P Dow Jones Indices: S&P All STARS Indices Methodology 9

11 Corporate Actions Application of all corporate actions in the S&P All STARS Indices are in accordance with standard S&P practices as they relate to the calculation of equal-weighted indices. Corporate Action Spin-off Company added/deleted Change in shares outstanding or IWF Stock split Special Dividend Rights offering Divisor Adjustment Made to Index Adjustment All spinoffs are added to the indices and are reassessed at the subsequent rebalance, regardless of whether or not they conform to the index rules. Please refer to the Treatment of Spin-offs in the S&P Dow Jones Indices Equity Indices Policies & Practices document located on our Web Site, The net change in market value determines the divisor Yes adjustment. None. No Share counts are revised to reflect the new count. A divisor adjustment is not required since the share count and price changes are offsetting. When a company pays a special dividend, the share price is assumed to drop by the amount of the dividend; the divisor adjustment reflects this drop in index market value. The price is adjusted to the price of the parent company minus (the price of the rights offering / rights ratio). Index shares change as to keep the company s weight in the index constant. No Yes No For more information, please refer to S&P Dow Jones Indices Equity Indices Policies & Practices document located on our Web site, S&P Dow Jones Indices: S&P All STARS Indices Methodology 10

12 Index Data S&P Dow Jones Indices calculates price return and total return indices, as well as net returns indices. All index values are available daily or on any client-specified frequency. Total Return and Net Return Indices S&P Dow Jones Indices calculates daily return series using both gross and net cash dividends reinvested. Cash dividends are normally applied on the ex-date of the dividend. Net return reinvested is reflective of the return to an investor where dividends are reinvested after the deduction of withholding tax. The tax rate applied is the rate to nonresident institutions that do not benefit from double taxation treaties. For more information on the tax rates used in the calculation of net return indices, please refer to S&P Dow Jones Indices Equity Indices Policies & Practices document located on our Web site, S&P Dow Jones Indices: S&P All STARS Indices Methodology 11

13 Index Governance An Index Committee maintains the S&P All STARS Indices. The Index Committee meets regularly. At each meeting, the Index Committee reviews pending corporate actions that may affect index constituents, statistics comparing the composition of the indices to the market, companies that are being considered as candidates for addition to an index, and any significant market events. In addition, the Index Committee may revise index policy covering rules for selecting companies, treatment of dividends, share counts or other matters. S&P Dow Jones Indices considers information about changes to its indices and related matters to be potentially market moving and material. Therefore, all Index Committee discussions are confidential. For information on Quality Assurance and Internal Reviews of Methodology, please refer to S&P Dow Jones Indices Equity Indices Policies & Practices document located on our Web site, S&P Dow Jones Indices: S&P All STARS Indices Methodology 12

14 Index Policy Announcements All events affecting the daily index calculation are typically pre-announced five days in advance via the Index Corporate Action report (SPA) delivered daily via ftp to all clients. For more information on S&P Dow Jones Indices announcements, please refer to the Announcement Policy located on our Web site, Holiday Schedule The S&P All STARS Indices are calculated daily on all business days of the year, with no exceptions. A complete holiday schedule for the year is available at Unscheduled Market Closures In situations where an exchange is forced to close early due to unforeseen events, such as computer or electric power failures, weather conditions or other events, S&P Dow Jones Indices will calculate the closing price of the indices based on (1) the closing prices published by the exchange, or (2) if no closing price is available, the last regular trade reported for each security before the exchange closed. If an exchange fails to open due to unforeseen circumstances, S&P Dow Jones Indices treats this closure as a standard market holiday. The index will use the prior day s closing prices and shifts any corporate actions to the following business day. If all exchanges fail to open or in other extreme circumstances, S&P Dow Jones Indices may determine not to publish the index for that day. For further information on Unexpected Exchange Closures, please refer to S&P Dow Jones Indices Equity Indices Policies & Practices document located on our Web site, Recalculation Policy S&P Dow Jones Indices reserves the right to recalculate an index under certain limited circumstances. S&P Dow Jones Indices may choose to recalculate and republish an index if it is found to be incorrect or inconsistent within two trading days of the publication of the index level in question for one of the following reasons: 1. Incorrect or revised closing price 2. Missed corporate event S&P Dow Jones Indices: S&P All STARS Indices Methodology 13

15 3. Late announcement of a corporate event 4. Incorrect application of corporate action or index methodology Any other restatement or recalculation of an index is only done under extraordinary circumstances to reduce or avoid possible market impact or disruption as solely determined by the Index Committee. For more information on the recalculation policy, please refer to S&P Dow Jones Indices Equity Indices Policies & Practices document located on our Web site, For information on Calculations and Pricing Disruptions, Expert Judgment and Data Hierarchy, please refer to S&P Dow Jones Indices Equity Indices Policies & Practices document located on our Web site, S&P Dow Jones Indices: S&P All STARS Indices Methodology 14

16 Index Dissemination Index Data Complete data for index replication (including share counts, tickers and data on index levels and returns) are available through S&P Dow Jones Indices index data group for subscription via FTP. Tickers Index Bloomberg Reuters S&P All STARS Europe Index, EUR SPALSTEU.SPALSTEU S&P All STARS Europe Index, USD.SPALSEDP S&P All STARS Europe Index, EUR, TR.SPALSEER S&P All STARS Europe Index, USD, TR.SPALSEDR S&P All STARS U.S. Index, USD SPALSTUS.SPALSTUS S&P All STARS U.S. Index, EUR SPALSUEP.SPALSUEP S&P All STARS U.S. Index, USD, TR.SPALSUDR S&P All STARS U.S. Index, EUR, TR SPALSUER.SPALSUER S&P All STARS Asia Index, USD SPALADP.SPALADP S&P All STARS Asia Index, USD, TR SPALADT.SPALADT S&P All STARS Asia Index, EUR SPALAEP.SPALAEP S&P All STARS Asia Index, EUR, TR SPALAET.SPALAET FTP Daily stock level and index data are available via FTP subscription. For product information, please contact S&P Dow Jones Indices, Web site For further information, please refer to S&P Dow Jones Indices Web site at S&P Dow Jones Indices: S&P All STARS Indices Methodology 15

17 Appendix Calculation of One-Month Historical Volatility The one-month historical volatility, using the continuously compounded returns, is calculated as follows: σ = n n t= * 1 ( x ( t) x i ) i n 1 2 where: x i ( t) P = ln Pi i ( t) ( t 1) x i = 1 n n t= 1 x i ( t) P i = the official closing price of stock i on day t. n = number of weekdays in the one month period preceding t. where ( t) S&P Dow Jones Indices: S&P All STARS Indices Methodology 16

18 S&P Dow Jones Indices Contact Information Index Management David M. Blitzer, Ph.D. Managing Director & Chairman of the Index Committee Nick Hudak Index Manager Media Relations David Guarino Communications Client Services Beijing Dubai Hong Kong London New York or Sydney Tokyo S&P Dow Jones Indices: S&P All STARS Indices Methodology 17

19 Disclaimer S&P Dow Jones Indices LLC, a part of McGraw Hill Financial All rights reserved. Standard & Poor s and S&P are registered trademarks of Standard & Poor s Financial Services LLC ( S&P ), a part of McGraw Hill Financial. Dow Jones is a registered trademark of Dow Jones Trademark Holdings LLC ( Dow Jones ). Trademarks have been licensed to S&P Dow Jones Indices LLC. Redistribution, reproduction and/or photocopying in whole or in part are prohibited without written permission. This document does not constitute an offer of services in jurisdictions where S&P Dow Jones Indices LLC, Dow Jones, S&P or their respective affiliates (collectively S&P Dow Jones Indices ) do not have the necessary licenses. All information provided by S&P Dow Jones Indices is impersonal and not tailored to the needs of any person, entity or group of persons. S&P Dow Jones Indices receives compensation in connection with licensing its indices to third parties. Past performance of an index is not a guarantee of future results. It is not possible to invest directly in an index. Exposure to an asset class represented by an index is available through investable instruments based on that index. S&P Dow Jones Indices does not sponsor, endorse, sell, promote or manage any investment fund or other investment vehicle that is offered by third parties and that seeks to provide an investment return based on the performance of any index. S&P Dow Jones Indices makes no assurance that investment products based on the index will accurately track index performance or provide positive investment returns. S&P Dow Jones Indices LLC is not an investment advisor, and S&P Dow Jones Indices makes no representation regarding the advisability of investing in any such investment fund or other investment vehicle. A decision to invest in any such investment fund or other investment vehicle should not be made in reliance on any of the statements set forth in this document. Prospective investors are advised to make an investment in any such fund or other vehicle only after carefully considering the risks associated with investing in such funds, as detailed in an offering memorandum or similar document that is prepared by or on behalf of the issuer of the investment fund or other vehicle. Inclusion of a security within an index is not a recommendation by S&P Dow Jones Indices to buy, sell, or hold such security, nor is it considered to be investment advice. These materials have been prepared solely for informational purposes based upon information generally available to the public and from sources believed to be reliable. No content contained in these materials (including index data, ratings, credit-related analyses and data, research, valuations, model, software or other application or output therefrom) or any part thereof (Content) may be modified, reverse-engineered, reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of S&P Dow Jones Indices. The Content shall not be used for any unlawful or unauthorized purposes. S&P Dow Jones Indices and its third- S&P Dow Jones Indices: S&P All STARS Indices Methodology 18

20 party data providers and licensors (collectively S&P Dow Jones Indices Parties ) do not guarantee the accuracy, completeness, timeliness or availability of the Content. S&P Dow Jones Indices Parties are not responsible for any errors or omissions, regardless of the cause, for the results obtained from the use of the Content. THE CONTENT IS PROVIDED ON AN AS IS BASIS. S&P DOW JONES INDICES PARTIES DISCLAIM ANY AND ALL EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, ANY WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR USE, FREEDOM FROM BUGS, SOFTWARE ERRORS OR DEFECTS, THAT THE CONTENT S FUNCTIONING WILL BE UNINTERRUPTED OR THAT THE CONTENT WILL OPERATE WITH ANY SOFTWARE OR HARDWARE CONFIGURATION. In no event shall S&P Dow Jones Indices Parties be liable to any party for any direct, indirect, incidental, exemplary, compensatory, punitive, special or consequential damages, costs, expenses, legal fees, or losses (including, without limitation, lost income or lost profits and opportunity costs) in connection with any use of the Content even if advised of the possibility of such damages. S&P Dow Jones Indices keeps certain activities of its business units separate from each other in order to preserve the independence and objectivity of their respective activities. As a result, certain business units of S&P Dow Jones Indices may have information that is not available to other business units. S&P Dow Jones Indices has established policies and procedures to maintain the confidentiality of certain non-public information received in connection with each analytical process. In addition, S&P Dow Jones Indices provides a wide range of services to, or relating to, many organizations, including issuers of securities, investment advisers, broker-dealers, investment banks, other financial institutions and financial intermediaries, and accordingly may receive fees or other economic benefits from those organizations, including organizations whose securities or services they may recommend, rate, include in model portfolios, evaluate or otherwise address. S&P Dow Jones Indices: S&P All STARS Indices Methodology 19