RBC PRINCIPAL PROTECTED NOTES

Transcription

1 This relates to Pricing Supplement No. 13 to the Prospectus dated December 21, 2005 and the Prospectus Supplement dated December 21, 2005 RBC PRINCIPAL PROTECTED NOTES LINKED TO A BASKET OF COMMODITIES ISSUER: ROYAL BANK OF CANADA 31 /2 year maturity Upside is leveraged by 125% 100% principal protection at maturity No annual fees Daily secondary market provided > Take an innovative approach to commodity investing by providing enhanced index returns. Commodities, as an asset class, can be a good portfolio diversifier because they generally have a negative correlation to both equities and conventional bonds and a positive correlation to inflation. The issuer has filed a registration statement (including a prospectus) with the SEC for the offering to which this communication relates. Before you invest, you should read the prospectus in that registration statement and other documents the issuer has filed with the SEC for more complete information about the issuer and this offering. You may get these documents for free by visiting EDGAR on the SEC Web site at Alternatively, the issuer, any underwriter or any dealer participating in the offering will arrange to send you the prospectus if you request it by calling toll-free

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3 Pricing Supplement No. 13 to the Prospectus dated December 21, 2005 and the Prospectus Supplement dated December 21, 2005 US$35,000,000 Royal Bank of Canada Senior Global Medium-Term Notes, Series B Principal Protected Notes due October 30, 2009 (Linked to the Performance of a Basket of Commodities) Issuer: Royal Bank of Canada ( Royal Bank ) Issue Date: April 28, 2006 Maturity Date and Term: October 30, 2009 (resulting in a term to maturity of three and a half years). Coupon: We will not pay you interest during the term of the Notes. Basket: The payment at maturity on the Notes are linked to the value of a weighted basket (the Basket ) consisting of three commodities and two commodity indices (each a Basket Commodity, and together, the Basket Commodities ). Such weightings will be achieved by providing a Component Weight for each Basket Commodity as follows: Basket Commodity Component Weight Initial Levels Aluminum 20.00% Copper 30.00% Crude Oil 20.00% Goldman Sachs Agricultural Excess Return Index 25.00% Goldman Sachs Commodity Index Gold Excess Return Index 5.00% Minimum Investment: Denomination: Payment at Maturity: Basket Performance: US$5,000. US$1,000 (except that non-u.s. investors may be subject to higher minimums). At maturity, you will receive a cash payment equal to the principal amount invested plus an amount equal to that principal amount multiplied by the greater of: (a) 0%; or (b) the Basket Performance. The Basket Performance is an amount (expressed as a percentage and rounded to two decimal places) equal to the sum of the Weighted Component Changes for the five Basket Commodities multiplied by 125%. The Weighted Component Change for each Basket Commodity will be determined as follows: Component Weight x (C (f) C (i) ) where, C (f) is the Reference Price of the Basket Commodity, C, on October 27, 2009 (the final valuation date ) C (i) is the Reference Price of the Basket Commodity, C, on April 25, 2006 (the initial valuation date ) The Reference Prices for each Basket Commodity that is not an index will be determined by reference to the official settlement prices of certain futures and forward contracts traded on the London Metal Exchange (the LME ) for aluminum and copper and the Intercontinental Exchange (the ICE ) for crude oil. The Reference Prices for each Basket Commodity that is an index will be determined by reference to the official closing level of that index. For the definition of Reference Prices, see page P-15. Clearance and Settlement: DTC global (including through its indirect participants Euroclear and Clearstream, Luxembourg as described under Ownership and Book-Entry Issuance in the accompanying prospectus). CUSIP Number: 78008EAZ0 Listing: The Notes will not be listed on any securities exchange or quotation system. Calculation Agent: JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association Investing in the Notes involves risks that are described in the Risk Factors section beginning on page P-4 of this pricing supplement and page S-4 of the accompanying prospectus supplement. Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these Notes or passed upon the accuracy of this pricing supplement or the accompanying prospectus and prospectus supplement. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense. We may use this pricing supplement in the initial sale of Notes. In addition, RBC Capital Markets Corporation or another of our affiliates may use this pricing supplement in market-making transactions in any Notes after their initial sale. Unless we or our agent informs you otherwise in the confirmation of sale, this pricing supplement is being used in a market-making transaction. The Notes will not constitute deposits insured under the Canada Deposit Insurance Corporation or by the U.S. Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other Canadian or U.S. governmental agency or instrumentality. Price to Public Agent s Commission Proceeds to Royal Bank PerNote % 3.50% 96.50% Total... $35,000,000 $1,225,000 $33,775,000 C (i) RBC Capital Markets Corporation Pricing Supplement dated April 25, 2006

4 Goldman Sachs, GSCI, GSCI Index, Goldman Sachs Agricultural Excess Return Index, Goldman Sachs Commodity Index Gold Excess Return Index and Goldman Sachs Commodity Index are trademarks or service marks of Goldman, Sachs & Co. and have been licensed for use by Royal Bank of Canada for use in connection with the Notes. The Notes are not sponsored, endorsed, sold or promoted by Goldman, Sachs & Co. ( GS&Co. ). GS&Co. makes no representation or warranty, express or implied, to the noteholders or any member of the public regarding the advisability of investing in securities generally or in the Notes particularly or the ability of the Goldman Sachs Agricultural Excess Return Index to track general agricultural commodity market performance or the ability of the Goldman Sachs Commodity Index Gold Excess Return Index to track general gold market performance. GS&Co. s only relationship to Royal Bank is the licensing of the Underlying Indices which is determined, composed and calculated by GS&Co. without regard to Royal Bank or the Notes. GS&Co. has no obligation to take the needs of the noteholders into consideration in determining, composing or calculating the Underlying Indices. GS&Co. is not responsible for and has not participated in the determination of the timing of, prices at, or quantities of the Notes or in the determination or calculation of the equation for return under the Notes. GS&Co. has no obligation or liability in connection with the administration, marketing or trading of the Notes. GS&CO. DOES NOT GUARANTEE THE QUALITY, ACCURACY AND/OR THE COM- PLETENESS OF THE UNDERLYING INDICES OR ANY DATA INCLUDED THEREIN. GS&CO. MAKES NO WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AS TO RESULTS TO BE OBTAINED BY NOTEHOLDERS, OR ANY OTHER PERSON OR ENTITY FROM THE USE OF THE UNDER- LYING INDICES OR ANY DATA INCLUDED THEREIN. GS&CO. MAKES NO EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, AND HEREBY EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS ALL WARRNTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR USE WITH RESPECT TO THE UNDERLYING INDICES OR ANY DATA INCLUDED THEREIN. WITHOUT LIMIT- ING ANY OF THE FOREGOING, IN NO EVENT SHALL GS&CO. HAVE ANY LIABILITY FOR ANY SPECIAL, PUNITIVE, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING LOST PROFITS) EVEN IF NOTIFIED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.

5 TABLE OF CONTENTS Pricing Supplement Summary.... P-1 Risk Factors... P-4 The Basket... P-9 Specific Terms of the Notes... P-16 Use of Proceeds and Hedging... P-23 Supplemental Tax Considerations... P-24 Supplemental Plan of Distribution... P-26 Documents Filed as Part of the Registration Statement... P-26 Prospectus Supplement About This Prospectus Supplement... S-3 Recent Developments... S-3 Consolidated Ratios of Earnings to Fixed Charges... S-3 Risk Factors... S-4 Use of Proceeds... S-7 Description of the Notes We May Offer.... S-8 Certain Income Tax Consequences... S-27 Employee Retirement Income Security Act.... S-40 Supplemental Plan of Distribution... S-41 Documents Filed as Part of the Registration Statement... S-46 Prospectus Documents Incorporated by Reference... 1 Where You Can Find More Information... 3 About This Prospectus... 3 Caution Regarding Forward-Looking Information... 4 Royal Bank of Canada... 5 Risk Factors... 5 Use of Proceeds... 5 Consolidated Ratios of Earnings to Fixed Charges... 6 Description of Securities We May Offer Additional Mechanics... 9 Special Situations Subordination Provisions Defeasance Events of Default Ownership and Book-Entry Issuance Our Relationship with the Trustee Tax Consequences Plan of Distribution Validity of Securities Experts Limitation on Enforcement of U.S. Laws Against RBC, Our Management and Others Documents Filed as Part of the Registration Statement i

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7 SUMMARY The Principal Protected Notes (the Notes ) are medium-term notes issued by Royal Bank offering full principal protection and 125% participation in any appreciation of the performance of a basket of commodities and commodity indices (the Basket ) at maturity. The following is a summary of terms of the Notes, as well as a discussion of risks and other considerations you should take into account when deciding whether to invest in the Notes. The Notes may be offered to certain investors outside the United States in accordance with applicable local law. We urge non-u.s. investors to read Risk Factors Non-U.S. Investors May Be Subject to Certain Additional Risk. The information in this section is qualified in its entirety by the more detailed explanations set forth elsewhere in this pricing supplement and the accompanying prospectus and prospectus supplement. References to the prospectus mean our accompanying prospectus, dated December 21, 2005, and references to the prospectus supplement mean our accompanying prospectus supplement, dated December 21, 2005, which supplements the prospectus. Capitalized terms used in this pricing supplement which are defined in the accompanying prospectus or prospectus supplement shall have the meanings assigned to them in the prospectus or prospectus supplement. Selected Purchase Considerations Growth Potential The Notes provide the opportunity for participation in potential increases in the aggregate performance of the Basket. You will receive 125% of any such gains at maturity. Principal Protection At maturity, your principal is fully protected against a decline in the Basket Performance. Selected Risk Considerations Market Risk The extent to which the return on the Notes is positive is linked to the performance of the Basket and will depend on whether, and the extent to which, the Basket Performance is positive. Commodity prices may change unpredictably, affecting the settlement prices of futures and forward contracts, commodity index levels and the value of your Notes in unforeseeable ways. Limited Portfolio Diversification The five Basket Commodities are concentrated in four sectors, base metals, energy, precious metals and agriculture, and may therefore carry risks similar to a concentrated securities investment in a limited number of industries or sectors and exchange-traded futures contracts on the Basket Commodities and commodities underlying the Basket Commodities in particular. No Principal Protection Unless You Hold the Notes to Maturity You will be entitled to receive a minimum payment of the principal amount of your Notes only if you hold your Notes to maturity. The market value of the Notes may fluctuate between the date you purchase them and the final valuation date. If you sell your Notes in the secondary market prior to maturity, you may have to sell them at a substantial loss. You should be willing to hold your Notes to maturity. No Interest Payments You will not receive any periodic interest payments on the Notes. There May Be Little or No Secondary Market for the Notes The Notes will not be listed on any U.S. or foreign securities exchange or quotation system. There can be no assurance that a secondary market for the Notes will develop. RBC Capital Markets Corporation and potentially other affiliates of Royal Bank intend to engage in limited purchase and resale transactions. If they do, however, they are not required to do so and may stop at any time. If you sell your Notes prior to maturity, you may have to sell them at a substantial loss. You should be willing to hold the Notes to maturity. The Notes may be a suitable investment for you if: You are willing to hold the Notes to maturity. P-1

8 You are willing to accept the risk of fluctuations in commodities prices in general and the indices and exchange-traded futures contracts related to the commodities underlying the Basket Commodities in particular. You believe the Basket Performance will increase during the term of the Notes. You seek an investment that offers principal protection when held to maturity. You do not seek current income from this investment. You seek an investment with a return linked to the performance of the Basket Commodities. The Notes may not be a suitable investment for you if: You are unable or unwilling to hold the Notes to maturity. You are not willing to be exposed to fluctuations in commodities prices in general and the indices and exchange-traded futures contracts related to the commodities underlying the Basket Commodities in particular. You believe the Basket Performance will decline during the term of the Notes. You prefer the lower risk and therefore accept the potentially lower returns of fixed income investments with comparable maturities and credit ratings. You prefer not to create an overconcentrated position in the commodities sector of your portfolio. You seek current income from your investment. You seek an investment for which there will be an active secondary market. What Are the Tax Consequences? Pursuant to the terms of the Notes, Royal Bank and you agree, in the absence of an administrative or judicial ruling to the contrary, to characterize the Notes for tax purposes as a debt instrument subject to special rules governing contingent payment obligations. As a result, if you are a U.S. holder, even though we will only make interest payments (if any) on your Note at maturity, you will generally be required to take into income an amount of interest for each accrual period determined by constructing a projected payment schedule for your Note and applying rules similar to those for accruing original issue discount on a hypothetical noncontingent debt instrument with that projected payment schedule. These rules will generally have the effect of requiring you to include such amounts in income in respect of your Note prior to your receipt of cash attributable to such income. For a discussion of the Canadian federal income tax consequences of your investment in the Notes, see Supplemental Tax Considerations Supplemental Canadian Tax Considerations on P-23. Sample Calculations of the Payment at Maturity The examples set forth below are included for illustration purposes only. The Reference Prices of the Basket Commodities used to illustrate the calculation of Basket Performance are neither estimates nor forecasts of the References Prices of the Basket Commodities on the initial valuation date or the final valuation date on which the calculation of the Basket Performance, and in turn the payment at maturity, will depend. All examples assume that a holder has purchased Notes with an aggregate principal amount of $2,000 and that no extraordinary event has occurred. P-2

9 Example 1 Calculation of the payment at maturity where the Basket Performance is positive. Basket Commodity C (i) C (f) % Change Component Weight Weighted Component Change Aluminum... $2, $3, % 20% 6.00% Copper... $5, $6, % 30% 7.50% Crude Oil... $ $ % 20% 2.00% Goldman Sachs Agricultural Excess Return Index % 25% 4.25% Goldman Sachs Gold Excess Return Index % 5% 0.55% Basket Performance % Since the Basket Performance is greater than 0%: Payment at Maturity = $2,000 + ($2,000 x Basket Performance x 125%) = $2,000 + ($2,000 x 20.30% x 125%) = $2, % Return on Investment Example 2 Calculation of the payment at maturity where the Basket Performance is negative. Basket Commodity C (i) C (f) % Change Component Weight Weighted Component Change Aluminum... $2, $2, % 20% 0.60% Copper... $5, $4, % 30% 1.20% Crude Oil... $ $ % 20% 0.70% Goldman Sachs Agricultural Excess Return Index % 25% 3.00% Goldman Sachs Gold Excess Return Index % 5% 0.10% Basket Performance % Since the Basket Performance is less than 0%: Payment at Maturity = $2,000 + ($2,000 x 0% x 125%) = $2,000 + $0.00 = $2,000 0% Return on Investment P-3

10 RISK FACTORS The Notes are not secured debt and are riskier than ordinary unsecured debt securities. The return on the Notes is linked to the performance of a basket of three commodities and two commodity indices aluminum, copper, crude oil, the Goldman Sachs Agricultural Excess Return Index and the Goldman Sachs Commodity Index Gold Excess Return Index (the Basket Commodities ). Investing in the Notes is not equivalent to investing directly in the Basket Commodities themselves or the related futures and forward contracts. See The Basket below for more information. This section describes the most significant risks relating to an investment in the Notes. We urge you to read the following information about these risks, together with the other information in this pricing supplement and the accompanying prospectus and prospectus supplement, before investing in the Notes. The Notes Are Intended to Be Held to Maturity. Your Principal Is Only Protected If You Hold Your Notes to Maturity You will receive at least the minimum payment of the principal amount of your Notes only if you hold them to maturity. If you sell your Notes in the secondary market prior to maturity, you will not receive principal protection on the portion of your Notes sold and may incur a loss. You should be willing to hold your Notes to maturity. Your Note May Not Appreciate; You Will Not Benefit from Any Appreciation in the Reference Price of Any Basket Commodity, If Such Appreciation Is Not Reflected in the Official Settlement Price on the Final Valuation Date If the Basket Performance is zero or negative on the final valuation date, the payment at maturity with respect to each Note will be limited to the principal amount. This will be true even though the Basket Performance as of some date or dates prior to the final valuation date may have been positive, because the payment at maturity will be calculated only on the basis of settlement prices of certain futures and forward contracts (or otherwise determined by the calculation agent, in the case of an extraordinary event) on the final valuation date. You should therefore be prepared to realize no return on the principal amount of your Notes during the three and a half year term of the Notes. The Market Value of the Notes May Be Influenced by Many Unpredictable Factors, Including Volatile Commodities Prices The market value of your Notes may fluctuate between the date you purchase them and the final valuation date when the calculation agent will determine your payment at maturity. Therefore, if you sell your Notes in the secondary market prior to maturity, you may have to sell them at a substantial loss. Several factors, many of which are beyond our control, will influence the market value of the Notes. We expect that generally the settlement prices of the exchange-traded futures and forward contracts on the commodities underlying the Basket Commodities will affect the market value of the Notes more than any other single factor. Other factors that may influence the market value of the Notes include: the market price (or level, in the case of a Basket Commodity that is an index) of the Basket Commodities; the volatility of the Basket Commodities and the market movements of the commodities underlying the Basket Commodities; the time remaining to the maturity of the Notes; supply and demand for the Notes, including inventory positions with RBC Capital Markets Corporation or any other market maker; the general interest rate environment; economic, financial, political, regulatory, geographical, biological or legal events that affect the market price of the Basket Commodities or the exchange-traded futures and forward contracts in the Basket or that affect commodities and futures markets generally; or P-4

11 the creditworthiness of Royal Bank. These factors interrelate in complex ways, and the effect of one factor on the market value of your Notes may offset or enhance the effect of another factor. The following paragraphs describe the expected impact on the market value of your Notes given a change in a specific factor, assuming all other conditions remain constant. Suspension or Disruptions of Market Trading in the Commodity and Related Futures Markets May Adversely Affect the Value of Your Notes The commodity markets are subject to temporary distortions or other disruptions due to various factors, including the lack of liquidity in the markets, the participation of speculators and government regulation and intervention. In addition, U.S. futures exchanges and some foreign exchanges have regulations that limit the amount of fluctuation in futures contract prices which may occur during a single business day. These limits are generally referred to as daily price fluctuation limits and the maximum or minimum price of a contract on any given day as a result of these limits is referred to as a limit price. Once the limit price has been reached in a particular contract, no trades may be made at a different price. Limit prices have the effect of precluding trading in a particular contract or forcing the liquidation of contracts at disadvantageous times or prices. These circumstances could adversely affect the market price of the relevant futures and forward contracts and, therefore, the value of your Notes. Risks Associated with the Basket May Adversely Affect the Market Price of the Notes Because the Notes are linked to the Basket, which currently reflects the return on futures and forward contracts on the different physical commodities underlying the Basket Commodities, it will be less diversified than other funds or investment portfolios investing in a broader range of products and, therefore, could experience greater volatility. Additionally, the physical commodities underlying the indices and the futures and forward contracts included in the Basket are concentrated in four sectors, base metals, energy, precious metals and agriculture. An investment in the Notes may therefore carry risks similar to a concentrated securities investment in a limited number of industries or sectors. Risks You Should Consider Relating to Trading of Commodities on the LME The market prices of aluminum and copper will be determined by reference to the settlement prices of contracts traded on the LME. As discussed below, the LME is a principals market which operates in a manner more closely analogous to the over-the-counter physical commodity markets than the futures markets, and certain features of U.S. futures markets are not present in the context of LME trading. For example, there are no daily price limits on the LME, which would otherwise restrict the extent of daily fluctuations in the prices of LME contracts. In a declining market, therefore, it is possible that prices would continue to decline without limitation within a trading day or over a period of trading days. In addition, a contract may be entered into on the LME calling for delivery on any day from one day to three months following the date of such contract and for monthly delivery in any of the next 16 to 24 months (depending on the commodity) following such third month, in contrast to trading on futures exchanges, which call for delivery in stated delivery months. As a result, there may be a greater risk of a concentration of positions in LME contracts on particular delivery dates, which in turn could cause temporary aberrations in the prices of LME contracts for certain delivery dates. If such aberrations are occurring on the final valuation date, the prices of the contracts used to determine the Reference Prices of aluminum and copper, and consequently the payment at maturity, could be adversely affected. Commodity Prices May Change Unpredictably, Affecting the Basket Performance and the Value of Your Notes in Unforseeable Ways Trading in futures and forward contracts on the commodities underlying the Basket Commodities is speculative and can be extremely volatile. Market prices (or levels, in the case of Basket Commodities that are indices) of the Basket Commodities may fluctuate rapidly based on numerous P-5

12 factors, including: changes in supply and demand relationships; weather; agriculture; trade; fiscal, monetary and exchange control programs; domestic and foreign political and economic events and policies; disease; pestilence; technological developments and changes in interest rates. These factors may affect the value of the related contracts and the value of your Notes in varying ways, and different factors may cause the value or level of different Basket Commodities, and the volatilities of their prices or levels, to move in inconsistent directions at inconsistent rates. Historical Levels of Underlying Indices Should Not Be Taken as an Indication of the Future Performance of Those Indices During the Term of the Notes The actual performance of the Basket Commodities which are indices over the term of the Notes, as well as the amount payable at maturity, may bear little relation to the historical levels of those indices. The trading prices of exchange-traded futures contracts on the commodities underlying the indices will determine the level of those indices. As a result, it is impossible to predict whether the level of any of the indices will rise or fall. You Will Not Receive Interest Payments on the Notes or Have Rights in the Exchange-Traded Futures Contracts on the physical commodities underlying the Basket Commodities You will not receive any periodic interest payments on the Notes. As an owner of the Notes, you will not have rights that holders of the exchange-traded futures and forward contracts on the physical commodities underlying the Basket Commodities may have. There May Not Be an Active Trading Market in the Notes Sales in the Secondary Market May Result in Significant Losses You should be willing to hold your Notes to maturity. There may be little or no secondary market for the Notes. The Notes will not be listed or displayed on any securities exchange, the Nasdaq National Market System or any electronic communications network. RBC Capital Markets Corporation and other affiliates of Royal Bank currently intend to make a market for the Notes although they are not required to do so. RBC Capital Markets Corporation or any other affiliate of Royal Bank may stop any such market-making activities at any time. Even if a secondary market for the Notes develops, it may not provide significant liquidity or trade at prices advantageous to you. If you sell your Notes before maturity, you may have to do so at a substantial discount from the issue price and, as a result you may suffer substantial losses. Trading and Other Transactions by Royal Bank or its Affiliates in Basket Commodities, Futures, Options, Exchange-Traded Funds or Other Derivative Products on the Basket Commodities May Impair the Market Value of the Notes As described below under Use of Proceeds and Hedging in this pricing supplement, we or one or more affiliates (or an unaffiliated party or parties with whom we contract) may hedge our obligations under the Notes by purchasing the Basket Commodities, futures or options on the commodities underlying the Basket Commodities, or exchange-traded funds or other derivative instruments with returns linked or related to changes in the performance of the Basket Commodities, and we or such unaffiliated party or parties may adjust these hedges by, among other things, purchasing or selling Basket Commodities, futures, options or exchange-traded funds or other derivative instruments with returns linked or related to changes in the performance of the Basket Commodities at any time. Although they are not expected to, any of these hedging activities may adversely affect the market price or level of the Basket Commodities and the value of the Basket and, therefore, the market value of the Notes. It is possible that we or one or more of our affiliates (or an unaffiliated party or parties with whom we contract) could receive substantial returns from these hedging activities while the market value of the Notes declines. We or one or more of our affiliates may also engage in trading in the Basket Commodities, the exchange-traded futures and forward contracts on the commodities underlying the Basket Commodities, and other investments relating to the Basket Commodities on a regular basis as part of P-6

13 our general broker-dealer and other businesses, for proprietary accounts, for other accounts under management or to facilitate transactions for customers. Any of these activities could adversely affect the market price or level of the Basket Commodities, the exchange-traded futures and forward contracts on the commodities underlying the Basket Commodities, the value of the Basket and, therefore, the market value of the Notes. We or one or more of our affiliates may also issue or underwrite other securities or financial or derivative instruments with returns linked or related to changes in the performance of the Basket Commodities or the exchange-traded futures and forward contracts on the commodities underlying the Basket Commodities. By introducing competing products into the marketplace in this manner, we or one or more of our affiliates could adversely affect the market value of the Notes. The Business Activities of Royal Bank or its Affiliates May Create Conflicts of Interest As noted above, we and our affiliates expect to engage in trading activities related to the Basket Commodities and the exchange-traded futures and forward contracts on the commodities underlying the Basket Commodities, which are not for the account of holders of the Notes or on their behalf. These trading activities may present a conflict between the holders interest in the Notes and the interests we and our affiliates will have in our proprietary accounts, in facilitating transactions, including options and other derivatives transactions, for our customers and in accounts under our management. These trading activities, if they influence the Reference Prices of the Basket Commodities, could be adverse to the interests of the holders of the Notes. Moreover, we and RBC Capital Markets Corporation have published and in the future expect to publish research reports with respect to some or all of the Basket Commodities. This research is modified from time to time without notice and may express opinions or provide recommendations that are inconsistent with purchasing or holding the Notes. The research should not be viewed as a recommendation or endorsement of the Notes in any way and investors must make their own independent investigation of the merits of this investment. Any of these activities by us, RBC Capital Markets Corporation or our other affiliates may affect the market price of the Basket Commodities and the related exchange-traded futures and forward contracts and, therefore, the market value of the Notes. Royal Bank and Its Affiliates Have No Affiliation with the LME, ICE or Goldman Sach & Co. and Are Not Responsible for Their Public Disclosure of Information We and our affiliates are not affiliated with the LME, ICE or Goldman Sachs & Co. in any way and have no ability to control or predict their actions, including any errors in or discontinuation of their disclosure. Neither the LME nor ICE is under any obligation to continue to maintain any futures and forward contracts. If the LME or ICE discontinues or materially changes the terms of any futures and forward contracts on aluminum, copper or crude oil or if Goldman Sachs & Co. stops publishing the Goldman Sachs Commodity Index, it may become difficult to determine the market value of the Notes or the amount payable at maturity. The calculation agent may designate a successor futures and forward contract or index selected in its sole discretion. If the calculation agent determines in its sole discretion that no comparable futures and forward contract or index exists, the amount you receive at maturity will be determined by the calculation agent in its sole discretion. See Specific Terms of the Notes Extraordinary Event and Adjustments to the Basket and Reference Price in this pricing supplement. You, as an investor in the Notes, should make your own investigation into the Basket Commodities, the related futures and forward contracts and the exchanges on which they trade. The Calculation Agent Can Postpone the Calculation of the Basket Performance or the Maturity Date If a Extraordinary Event Occurs on the Final Valuation Date The calculation of the Basket Performance may be postponed if the calculation agent determines that an extraordinary event has occurred or is continuing on the final valuation date. If such a postponement occurs, then the calculation agent will instead use the settlement prices on the relevant futures and forward contracts on the first business day after that day on which no extraordinary event P-7

14 occurs or is continuing. In no event, however, will the final valuation date for the Notes be postponed by more than ten business days. As a result, the maturity date for the Notes could also be postponed, although not by more than ten business days. If the final valuation date is postponed to the last possible day, but an extraordinary event occurs or is continuing on such last possible day, that day will nevertheless be the final valuation date. If an extraordinary event is occurring on the last possible final valuation date, the calculation agent will make a good faith estimate in its sole discretion of the Basket Performance that would have prevailed in the absence of the extraordinary event. See Specific Terms of the Notes Extraordinary Event in this pricing supplement. If an extraordinary event results in the deferral of the payment at maturity beyond the stated maturity date, no penalty interest will accrue or be payable on the deferred payment. The Calculation Agent Can Modify the Composition of the Basket and the Determination of the Reference Prices of the Basket Commodities The composition of the Basket and the method of calculating the Reference Prices of the Basket Commodities may be adjusted by the calculation agent from time to time upon the occurrence of certain extraordinary events. For example, if the terms of the contracts used for determining the Reference Price of a Basket Commodity are changed in a material respect by the commodity exchange upon which the contract trades (or, in the case of a Basket Commodity which is an index, by the index sponsor), or if a Reference Price is not available for a Basket Commodity for any reason, then the calculation agent may take such action, including adjustments to the Basket or to the method of calculating the Reference Price of that Basket Commodity, as it deems appropriate. See Specific Terms of the Notes Adjustments to the Basket and Reference Price in this pricing supplement. Such changes could adversely affect the Basket Performance and, consequently, the payment at maturity on the Notes. Non-U.S. Investors May Be Subject to Certain Additional Risks. The Notes are denominated in U.S. dollars. If you are a non-u.s. investor who purchased the Notes with a currency other than U.S. dollars, changes in rates of exchange may have an adverse effect on the value, price or income of your investment. This pricing supplement contains a general description of certain U.S. and Canadian tax considerations relating to the Notes. If you are a non-u.s. investor, you should consult your tax advisors as to the consequences, under the tax laws of the country where you are resident for tax purposes, of acquiring, holding and disposing of the Notes and receiving payments of principal or other amounts under the Notes. P-8

15 THE BASKET General The Basket is comprised of three commodities and two commodity indices, each of which falls within one of the following four general sectors: base metals, energy, precious metals and agriculture. The inclusion or exclusion of a commodity in the Basket is not a recommendation to invest in or divest any interest in such commodity. Neither Royal Bank nor any of its affiliates makes any representation or warranty as to the performance of the Basket Commodities or the Basket. Royal Bank or its affiliates may presently or from time to time invest in, or divest an interest in, one or more commodity investments (i.e., trading of commodities, futures and forward contracts with respect to the commodities and other instruments and derivative products based on the commodities and/or the Basket), may render investment advice to a third party with respect to one or more commodity investments or may facilitate on behalf of a third party an investment in, or a divestiture of an interest in, one or more commodity investments. In the course of such business, Royal Bank or its affiliates may acquire nonpublic information with respect to such commodity investments and, in addition, one or more affiliates of Royal Bank may produce and/or publish research reports with respect to such commodity investments. Royal Bank does not make any representation or warranty to any purchaser of a Note with respect to any matters whatsoever relating to such activities. The information relating to the Basket Commodities, the information about the market in which the Basket Commodities trade and the price data plotted to chart the history of the prices of the Basket Commodities has been derived from publicly available sources and is presented in summary form for informational purposes only. As such, neither Royal Bank nor any of its affiliates has independently verified this information or assumes any responsibility for the accuracy or completeness of such information. Any prospective investor in the Notes should understand the commodity futures, forward and spot markets and should undertake an independent investigation of the Basket Commodities such as in its judgment is appropriate to make an informed decision with respect to an investment in the Notes. The Principal Exchanges The reference prices of the Basket Commodities that are commodities (i.e., aluminum, copper and crude oil) are determined by reference to the official settlement prices of futures and forward contracts traded on the following commodities markets, the LME and ICE (the Principal Exchanges, and each a Principal Exchange ). You should make your own investigation into the Principal Exchanges to determine whether the Notes are a suitable investment for you. An exchange-traded futures contract is a bilateral agreement providing for the purchase and sale of a specified type and quantity of a commodity or financial instrument during a stated delivery month for a fixed price or, in the case of a futures contract on an index, providing for the payment and receipt of a cash settlement. By its terms, a futures contract provides for a specified settlement month in which the commodity or financial instrument is to be delivered by the seller (whose position is therefore described as short ) and acquired by the purchaser (whose position is therefore described as long ) or in which the cash settlement amount is required to be paid. Prior to the date on which delivery is to be made under a futures contract, the exchange clearing house will require the holders of short positions to state their intentions with respect to delivery and, to the extent that such holders elect to make delivery (as opposed to cash settlement), the clearing house will match them with holders of long positions, who will then be required to accept delivery. In the vast majority of cases, actual delivery under contracts never takes place, as contracts are often liquidated with offsetting futures transactions prior to the maturity of the original contract. No purchase price is paid or received on the purchase or sale of a futures contract. Instead, an amount of cash or cash equivalents, which varies based on the requirements imposed by the exchange P-9

16 clearing houses, but which may be as low as 5% or less of the value of the contract, must be deposited with the broker as initial margin. This margin deposit collateralizes the obligations of the parties to the futures contract to perform their obligations under such contract. By depositing margin in the most advantageous form (which may vary depending on the exchange, clearing house or broker involved), a market participant may be able to earn interest on its margin funds, thereby increasing the potential total return which may be realized from an investment in futures contracts. Subsequent payments to and from the broker, referred to as variation margin, are then normally made on a daily basis as the price of the futures contract fluctuates, thereby making existing positions in the futures contract more or less valuable, a process known as marking to the market. Futures contracts are traded on organized exchanges, known as contract markets, through the facilities of a centralized clearing house and a brokerage firm which is a member of the clearing house. The clearing house guarantees the performance of each clearing member which is a party to a futures contract by, in effect, taking the opposite side of the transaction. At any time prior to the expiration of a futures contract, subject to the availability of a liquid secondary market, a trader may elect to close out its position by taking an opposite position on the exchange on which the position was entered into, which operates to terminate the position and fix the trader s profit or loss. U.S. contract markets, as well as brokers and market participants, are subject to regulation by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission. Futures markets outside the United States are generally subject to regulation by comparable regulatory authorities (such as the Securities and Investment Board in the United Kingdom (the SIB )). The LME The LME was established in 1877 and is the principal base-metal exchange in the world on which contracts for delivery of copper, lead, zinc, tin, aluminum, aluminum alloy and nickel are traded. In contrast to U.S. futures exchanges, the LME operates as a principals market for the trading of forward contracts, and is therefore more closely analogous to over-the-counter physical commodity markets than futures markets. As a result, members of the LME trade with each other as principals and not as agents for customers, although such members may enter into offsetting back-to-back contracts with their customers. In addition, while futures exchanges permit trading to be conducted in contracts for monthly delivery in stated delivery months, historically LME contracts used to be established for delivery on any day (referred to as a prompt date ) from one day to three months following the date of contract, the average amount of time it took a ship to sail from certain Commonwealth countries to London. Currently, LME contracts may to be established for monthly delivery up to 63, 27 and 15 months forward (depending on the commodity). Further, because it is a principals forward market, there are no price limits applicable to LME contracts, and prices could decline without limitation over a period of time. Trading is conducted on the basis of warrants that cover physical material held in listed warehouses. The LME is not a cash cleared market. Both inter-office and floor trading are cleared and guaranteed by a system run by the London Clearing House, whose role is to act as a central counterparty to trades executed between clearing members and thereby reduce risk and settlement costs. The LME is subject to regulation by the SIB. The bulk of trading on the LME is transacted through inter-office dealing which allows the LME to operate as a 24-hour market. Trading on the floor takes place in two sessions daily, from 11:40 am to 1:15 pm and from 3:10 to 4:35 pm, London time. The two sessions are each broken down into two rings made up of five minutes trading in each contract. After the second ring of the first session the official prices for the day are announced. Contracts may be settled by offset or delivery and can be cleared in U.S. dollars, pounds sterling, Japanese yen and euros. Copper and tin have traded on the LME since its establishment. The Copper Contract was upgraded to High Grade Copper in November 1981 and again to today s Grade-A Contract which began trading in June Primary Aluminum was introduced as a 99.5% contract in December 1978 and today s 99.7% High Grade Aluminum Contract began trading in August Nickel joined the exchange the year after aluminum, in April The LME share (by weight) of world terminal market trading is over 90% of all copper and virtually all aluminum, lead, nickel, tin and zinc. P-10

17 The ICE IntercontinentalExchange (ICE ) operates an electronic global futures and OTC marketplace for trading energy commodity contracts and ranks among the world s leading electronic marketplaces for energy trading and price discovery. ICE conducts its markets for futures trading through its subsidiary, ICE Futures, one of the Europe s leading energy futures and options exchanges. ICE also offers a range of risk management, market data and trading support services. ICE s electronic trading platform allows ICE to provide market participants with direct access to energy futures and thousands of OTC commodity products for oil and refined products, natural gas, power and emissions. In addition to its globally distributed liquid electronic markets, ICE offers a range of risk management tools designed to increase trading efficiency. ICE Data provides energy market data-based on OTC and futures markets through real-time access and an array of indices, custom data services and mark to market products. ICE operates the leading market for trading Brent crude futures the key benchmark for pricing crude oil produced and consumed outside of the United States as well as a range of refined oil products. ICE also operates the primary market for trading cleared OTC Henry Hub contracts the most actively traded natural gas hub in North America. ICE s futures business is operated through ICE Futures, which is a Recognised Investment Exchange in the United Kingdom, supervised by the Financial Services Authority under the terms of the UK Financial Services and Markets Act ICE operates its sales and marketing activities in the UK through ICE Markets which is authorized and regulated by the Financial Services Authority as an arranger of deals in investments and agency broker. The Goldman Sachs Commodity Index The information for the following descriptions of the Underlying Indices have been taken from publicly available sources. The information reflects the policies of, and is subject to change by, Goldman, Sachs & Co. ( Goldman Sachs ), the owner and developer of the Goldman Sachs Commodity Index ( GSCI ). Royal Bank has not independently verified this information. As a purchaser of Notes, you should make your own investigation into the GSCI and Goldman Sachs. Goldman Sachs is not involved in the creation or sale of the Notes in any way and has no obligation to consider your interests as a Noteholder. Goldman Sachs has no obligation to continue to publish the Index, and may discontinue publication of the Underlying Indices at any time in its sole discretion. The methodology for determining the composition and weighting of the Underlying Indices and for calculating its level is subject to modification by Goldman Sachs at any time. The GSCI is designed to provide investors with a reliable and publicly available benchmark for investment performance in the commodity markets comparable to the S&P 500 and other equity indices. As such, the GSCI is a composite index of commodity sector returns, representing an unleveraged, long-only investment in commodity futures that is broadly diversified across the spectrum of commodities. The returns are calculated on a full-collateralized basis with full reinvestment. The combination of these attributes provides investors with a representative and realistic picture of realizable returns attainable in the commodities markets. Individual components qualify for inclusion in the GSCI on the basis of liquidity and are weighted by their respective world production quantities and the quantity of each commodity in the index is determined by the average quantity of production in the last five years of available data. From the standpoint of measuring investment performance, production-weighting is very important. The key to measuring investment performance in a representative fashion is to weight each asset by the amount of capital dedicated to holding that asset. In equity markets, this representative measurement of investment performance is accomplished through weighting indices by market capitalization. For commodities, there is no direct counterpart to market capitalization. The problem is that commodities, and the related price risks, are held in a variety of ways - long futures positions, over-the-counter investments, long-term fixed-price purchasing contracts, physical inventory at the P-11