Transportation Funding State Comparisons. 21 st Century Transportation Committee August 21, 2008

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1 Transportation Funding State Comparisons 21 st Century Transportation Committee August 21, 2008

2 State Comparisons State Population 2007 (millions) 1 State-controlled highway miles 2 % of total miles controlled by state ,069 10% ,910 15% North Carolina ,067 76% ,430 63% ,836 15% ,849 26% ,481 79% US total ,642 19% North Carolina and have the largest state-owned highway systems, over 79,000 miles. North Carolina (76%) and (79%) control most of the road miles in those states. (10%), (15%), and (15%) control comparatively few miles at the state level, leaving most of the miles to local control. For the US as a whole, about 19% of the road miles are controlled by the state agency. 1 Bureau of Census 2 US FHWA, Highway Statistics, 2006, Tables HM-20, HM-80, 2

3 Total Highway Funding 2006 State Funding Federal Funding Local Funding Total State, Federal, Local $ 5,633,809 $ 1,631,711 $ 3,010,010 $ 10,275,530 $ 1,379,136 $ 894,739 $ 936,527 $ 3,210,402 North Carolina $ 2,393,518 $ 978,527 $ 526,398 $ 3,898,443 $ 605,071 $ 777,375 $ 283,744 $ 1,666,190 $ 1,191,384 $ 567,517 $ 172,699 $ 1,931,600 $ 5,307,706 $ 3,050,945 $ 4,660,882 $ 13,019,533 $ 2,785,987 $ 498,597 $ 924,955 $ 4,209,539 US total $83,684,046 $31,766,767 $45,224,826 $160,675,639 Funding in thousands Funding for highways varies among the states based on geography, history, and state-local division of responsibility. Source US FHWA, Highway Statistics

4 Per Capita Highway Funding Total Per Capita State Per Capita Federal Per Capita Local Per Capita $ 562 $ 308 $ 89 $ 164 $ 338 $ 145 $ 94 $ 99 North Carolina $ 428 $ 263 $ 108 $ 58 $ 379 $ 138 $ 177 $ 64 $ 312 $ 192 $ 92 $ 28 $ 545 $ 222 $ 128 $ 195 $ 547 $ 362 $ 65 $ 120 US total $ 533 $ 277 $ 105 $ 150 North Carolina total per capita highway funding ($428) from federal, state and local sources is on the high side for the region, but below the national average ($533). State per capita highway funding for North Carolina ($263) and ($362) and ($308) is high for the region. Local per capita highway funding in North Carolina ($58), ($64), and ($28) are low. The national average is $150. 4

5 Local Property Taxes Used for Highways Local Per Capita from Property Taxes North Carolina US total $14 $11 $<1 $6 $1 $44 $5 $27 Local property taxes per capita are significant in ($44), ($14), and ($11) but insignificant in other states in the region. The national average is $27. 5

6 Federal, State, and Local Share of Highway Funding State % Federal % Local % 55% 16% 29% 43% 28% 29% North Carolina 61% 25% 14% 36% 47% 17% 62% 29% 9% 41% 23% 36% 66% 12% 22% US total 52% 20% 28% In North Carolina the state share of highway funding is comparatively high and the local share is low. 6

7 N.C. Motor Fuel Taxes $2,000 Motor Fuel Taxes $1,500 $1,000 $500 Revenues in million $ $ NC Statutory motor fuels tax rate varies with the historical wholesale price but tax rate is capped at 29.9 cents per gallon (cpg) through June 30, Without the cap the rate would have been 33.4 cpg for January-June 2008 period and 34.8 cpg for July-December 2008 period. Each cent of motor fuels tax yields about $54 million in revenues. Tax revenues have increased in recent years because higher prices led to higher tax rates per gallon. Consumption has shown little growth and is beginning to decline nationally. North Carolina taxes gasoline and diesel fuel at the same rate. North Carolina state total gasoline taxes are high for this region. (Data as of 2008) 33.2 cpg 28 North Carolina (includes.25 cpg inspection fee) U.S. average

8 NC Highway Use Tax Highway Us e Tax $2,000 $1,500 $1,000 $500 $ NC Highway Use Tax is collected when the vehicle is titled. It is 3% of the vehicle s price or value (net of trade) and brings in about $570 million per year. One percent tax rate yields about $190 million. Highway Use Tax has not shown strong growth and has declined this past year NC Highway Use Tax is generally lower than other states in the region, except. State Tax 6% (no trade allowance) Local Option.25% -3% 4%-7% net of trade Local Option, Special County Tax, Educational Tax & MARTA tax 5% net of trade max $300 7% net of trade Local Tax of 1.5%-2.75%, max $ % net of trade 3% (no trade allowance) Increase if NC taxed at this rate (millions) $800 $190-$760 Reduction $760 $617 $115 8

9 Licenses and Fees Division of Motor Vehicles collects licenses and fees of about $700 million per year for vehicle registration, driver licenses, titles, sales of motor vehicle records, etc. Transaction growth has been slow; fees were raised in 2005 to catch up with inflation; many of the fees had been originally set in the 1980 s. NC yearly passenger vehicle registration fee was raised in 2005 to $28 from $20. An increase in the passenger vehicle registration fee of $10 would yield approximately $65 million. Other states: Based on vehicle weight; $27-$45.60 most are $45.60 $20 $24 for two years $21.50 $40.80-$58.80 depending on vehicle age $39.50-$44.50 depending on vehicle weight $2,000 $1,500 $1,000 $500 $0 Licenses and Fees

10 Federal Aid Federal Aid $2,000 $1,500 $1,000 $500 $ Federal aid has not grown in recent years. The future of the federal-aid program is under consideration by the Congress. 10