Mergers, Consolidations, Schemes of Arrangement and Takeovers in the Cayman Islands

Transcription

1 Mergers, Consolidations, Schemes of Arrangement and Takeovers in the Cayman Islands

2 Preface This publication has been prepared for the assistance of those who considering mergers, consolidations or schemes of arrangement for or between Cayman Islands companies or between Cayman Islands companies and foreign companies as well as takeovers of Cayman Islands companies. It outlines in broad terms the differences of each process and the general requirements for each under Cayman Islands law. It is not intended to be exhaustive but merely to provide brief details and information which we hope will be of use to our clients. We recommend that our clients and prospective clients seek legal advice in Cayman on their specific proposals before taking steps to implement them. Copies of the Cayman Islands Companies Law, as amended, have been prepared and are available upon request. Conyers Dill & Pearman Page 2 of 12

3 INTRODUCTION Until recently, the only mechanism available under the Cayman Islands Companies Law for a merger or consolidation between companies was a court approved scheme of arrangement. Sections of the Companies Law give the Cayman Islands courts significant flexibility to approve corporate restructuring by way of schemes of arrangement, reconstruction and amalgamation. Section 88 of the Companies Law sets out provisions relating to the power to acquire shares of dissentient shareholders (takeover provisions). These types of court approved schemes continue to be available for more complex mergers but the Companies (Amendment) Law, 2009 introduced a new, simpler and more cost effective mechanism for mergers and consolidations between Cayman Island companies and between Cayman companies and foreign companies. Part XVI of the Companies Law now permits contractual mergers and consolidations without the requirement for court approval. The following comparison is designed to assist in determining which mechanism might best suit the needs of particular companies. MERGERS, CONSOLIDATIONS, SCHEMES OF ARRANGEMENT, TAKEOVERS - A COMPARISON Mergers/Consolidations Schemes of Arrangement Takeovers Definitions Merger means the merging of two or more constituent companies and the vesting of their undertaking, property and liabilities in one of such companies as the surviving company. Consolidation means the combination of two or more constituent companies into a consolidated company and the A scheme of arrangement is a court approved compromise or arrangement between a company and its creditors, or any class of them, or between the company and its members or any class of them. In addition to the power to compromise with creditors and members, the arrangements and reconstructions provisions in the A takeover offer is an offer for the entire issued share capital of a target company which could become effective without the offeror acquiring 100% of such issued share capital. The law permits the offeror to acquire 100% of the target company if the offer is approved by holders of not less than 90% in value of the shares affected. Page 3 of 12

4 vesting of the undertaking, property and liabilities of such companies in the consolidated company. The essential difference between mergers and consolidations is that a consolidation produces a new company different from either of its constituent companies, while in a merger, one of the constituent companies will continue to exist as the other is merged into it. Cayman Islands Companies Law include provisions relating to facilitating reconstruction and amalgamation of companies and, where a scheme or contract involves the transfer of shares or any class of shares to another company, provides for the power to acquire shares of dissentient shareholders. Advantages Procedure Simpler, more cost effective mechanism for simple restructuring Court approval not required except in cases of dissenting shareholders where price of shares cannot be agreed Shorter timelines Shareholder approval not required for Cayman parent and subsidiary merger Surviving company may be a foreign company Directors of each constituent company must approve written plan of merger ( Plan ) Particulars of Plan must include: o Name of each constituent company o Name of surviving company Courts have significant flexibility to address more complex restructuring Certainty: once court has sanctioned scheme, all members of relevant class concerned bound by scheme Specific provisions for transferring undertakings or property from one company to another Proceedings commenced by way of Petition and Supporting Affidavit Interlocutory summons for order convening meeting of company s creditors must be filed with petition Generally expected to provide offeror with control of target company more quickly than schemes of arrangement ensuring minimum disruption to the business Greater flexibility since offeror does not need to achieve any particular level of acceptances before closing offer Terms of offer can be more readily revised if competing offer arises or new information comes to light Offer to Purchase sent to shareholders If target company listed, tender offer documents to be filed with relevant exchange; target company may be subject to certain rules and regulations in Page 4 of 12

5 o Registered office of each company o Designation and number of each class of shares of each constituent company o Date on which merger intended to take effect o Terms and conditions of proposed merger, including manner and business of converting shares o Rights and restrictions attaching to shares in surviving company o In case of merger, any proposed amendment to memorandum and articles of association of surviving company or statement that no change required o In case of consolidation, proposed new memorandum and articles of association of consolidated company o Any amount or benefit paid or payable to any director of constituent company, consolidated company or surviving company upon consolidation or merger o Names and addresses of directors of surviving or consolidated company o Court will fix date for substantive hearing of petition o Notice of substantive hearing must be given to creditors as part of scheme documentation Supporting affidavit must include: o Particulars to enable court to determine whether appropriate to convene class meetings of creditors and, if so, composition of classes o Particulars to enable court to determine proposed time and place for required meetings and method of giving notice o Description of purpose and effect of proposed scheme and why scheme necessary Scheme documentation must include particulars as follows: o Sufficient to satisfy court that scheme documentation provides creditor with sufficient information to make informed decision about merits of proposed scheme o Explanatory memorandum Page 5 of 12 jurisdiction of listing If acceptances received, within four months of offer, from holders of at least 90% in value of shares affected by offer, offeror may, at any time within two months of expiry of that four months, give notice to dissenting shareholders that their shares will be acquired Dissenting shareholders have one month from notice date to apply to Grand Court to give reasons why shares should not be purchased Grand Court has discretion to make any order considered appropriate but will generally not interfere with compulsory acquisition unless dissenting shareholder treated differently from other shareholders of same class

6 of scheme documentation must draw attention to fact that creditors have right to attend and be heard at hearing of petition Approvals/ Consents Shareholders: Plan must be authorized by special resolution of members of each constituent company and such other authorisation as may be specified in constituent company s articles of association Shareholder approval not required for merger of Cayman parent with Cayman subsidiary but, absent waiver, every shareholder entitled to copy of Plan o For these purposes, parent is company that owns at least 90% of issued shares of each class in subsidiary that are entitled to vote Creditors: Each holder of fixed or floating security interest of constituent company must consent to Plan unless court waives consent (on application of constituent company that has issued the Shareholders: Scheme must be approved by relevant members of company at special meeting convened by court o Approval must be by majority in number representing 75% in value of members of each class voting o Each of ordinary and preference share classes would constitute separate class and approval level required for each class o Founders or insiders who have separate economic interest in vote may be treated as separate and distinct class Creditors: Scheme must be approved by majority in number representing 75% in value of creditors present and voting either in person or by proxy Shareholders: Offer can become unconditional with acceptances from 50.1% of ordinary shareholders Squeeze out of minority requires approval of holders of 90% of shares to which offer relates o Offeror may be able to purchase shares outside the offer but these will not count towards 90% compulsory cooperation level Court: When dissenting shareholders apply, Grand Court has discretion to make any order it considers appropriate but will generally not interfere with compulsory acquisition unless dissenting shareholder treated differently from other shareholders of same class Page 6 of 12

7 security) o If secured creditor does not consent, constituent company may apply to court to waive consent requirement o Secured lenders may require specific arrangement as to priorities as condition of consent Regulator: Where constituent company licensed or regulated by Cayman Islands Monetary Authority ( CIMA ) Plan of merger or consolidation must be consented to by CIMA Where constituent company licensed by CIMA, continuing company (if not licensed) or consolidated company will require license Within seven (7) days of creditors meeting, applicant must file supplementary affidavit sworn by Chairman of meeting verifying that notice duly sent in accordance with court s order, that meeting duly held, and giving particulars of result Court: Court must be satisfied of following before sanctioning scheme: o Classes properly constituted o Meetings convened and held in accordance with court directions o Scheme properly explained to shareholders/creditors so they can exercise informed vote o Scheme is one which intelligent and honest man, who is member of relevant class and properly acting, might reasonably approve Court has power to impose conditions Dissenting Shareholders Dissenting shareholder of constituent company entitled to payment of fair value of shares Dissenting shareholder entitled to appear before court on approval application in relation Dissenting shareholders have one month, from date notice given their shares will be Page 7 of 12

8 upon dissent to merger o Where parties cannot agree on price, either party may file petition to determine fair value Dissenting rights generally not available if shares listed on recognized stock exchange Rights of dissenting shareholders do not delay or impede effective date but rather run concurrently and may well extend past effective date Shares of dissenting shareholders acquired by company to be cancelled and, if shares of surviving company, are available for re issue to scheme and argue against it If scheme sanctioned, it is binding on all members, including those dissenting purchased on squeeze out, to apply to Grand Court to give reasons why shares should not be purchased Where no application or court order to contrary, dissenting shareholders bound to transfer shares pursuant to terms of offer Post- Approval Plan must be signed by director on behalf of each constituent company and filed with Registrar of Companies together with certificate of good standing and director s declaration or affidavit that: o Constituent company is, and consolidated or surviving company will be, immediately after merger or consolidation, solvent o Merger/ or consolidation bona fide Copy of court order approving scheme must thereafter be annexed to every copy of company s memorandum and articles of association Where notice given by offeror and no court order to contrary or application by dissenting shareholders disposed of: o offeror to transmit copy of notice of desire to purchase shares to target company and transfer consideration representing price payable for shares o Target company thereupon required to register offeror company as holder of shares o Target company to pay sums Page 8 of 12

9 o No other similar proceeding outstanding and no order to wind up constituent company o No administrator, receiver or trustee acting in respect of constituent company o No scheme, order or compromise made whereby rights of creditors or constituent company suspended or restricted o Assets and liabilities of constituent company at latest practicable date o In case of non surviving constituent company, that constituent company retired from fiduciary duties Copy of certificate of merger will be given to members and creditors of constituent company and published in Gazette Applicable fees Shares of dissenting shareholders acquired by company to be cancelled and, if shares of surviving company, are available for re issue received into separate bank account and hold sums on trust for persons entitled to shares in respect of which sums received Where court makes order, offeror and target to comply with terms of court order Effect of Court Sanction or Registration Certificate of merger issued by Registrar of Companies constitutes prima facie evidence of compliance with all statutory Scheme of arrangement effective once copy of court order lodged with Registrar of Companies Offeror, target company and dissenting shareholders bound by terms of any court order Page 9 of 12

10 requirements In consolidation, memorandum and articles of association of consolidated company filed with Plan immediately become memorandum and articles of association of company Rights and property of each constituent company vest in surviving company Surviving company liable for all debts, contracts, obligations and liabilities of each constituent company Existing claims, proceedings or rulings of each constituent company automatically continued against surviving company Registrar strikes any constituent company that is not continuing company and notice of same required to be published in Gazette Plan may specify merger not effective until specified date or occurrence of specified event Once sanction of court given to scheme, scheme binding on all creditors/class of creditors and members/class of members who are parties, and on company Scheme cannot be altered subsequent to sanction even if shareholders and creditors acquiesce Timing Timing dependent on factors such as notice period specified in articles of association to call shareholders meeting Overall time from commencement of merger/ Court will establish time table from outset Timing dependent on directions given by court as to notice and timing of shareholders meeting and availability of court time No maximum period for completion of offer although 90% level required to effect squeeze out must be reached within four months of posting of offer document Page 10 of 12

11 consolidation to receipt of certificate of merger minimum of one month and generally in range of two to three months Overall time from commencement of proceedings to final approval minimum of three months and generally in range of four to six months Minority shareholders can be squeezed out one month after expiration of four months from meeting of offeror on achieving 90% level o One month is statutory requirement but subject to dissenting shareholders applying to court Page 11 of 12

12 This publication should not be construed as legal advice and is not intended to be relied upon in relation to any specific matter. It deals in broad terms only and is intended merely to provide a brief overview and give general information. Conyers Dill & Pearman, February 2016 About Conyers Dill & Pearman Conyers Dill & Pearman is a leading international law firm advising on the laws of Bermuda, the British Virgin Islands, the Cayman Islands and Mauritius. Conyers has over 130 lawyers in eight offices worldwide and is affiliated with the Conyers Client Services group of companies which provide corporate administration, secretarial, trust and management services. Page 12 of 12