CITY OF BELOIT, WISCONSIN (Rock County) $3,775,000* SEWERAGE SYSTEM REVENUE BONDS, SERIES 2018D

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1 PRELIMINARY OFFICIAL STATEMENT DATED APRIL 6, 2018 This Preliminary Official Statement and the information contained herein are subject to completion and amendment. These securities may not be sold nor may offers to buy be accepted prior to the time the Official Statement is delivered in final form. Under no circumstances shall this Preliminary Official Statement constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy these securities nor shall there be any sale of these securities in any jurisdiction in which such offer, solicitation or sale would be unlawful prior to registration or qualification under the securities laws of any such jurisdiction. This Preliminary Official Statement is in a form deemed final as of its date for purposes of SEC Rule 15c2-12(b) (1), but is subject to revision, amendment and completion in a Final Official Statement. In the opinion of Quarles & Brady LLP, Bond Counsel, assuming continued compliance with the requirements of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, under existing law interest on the Bonds is excludable from gross income and is not an item of tax preference for federal income tax purposes. See "TAX EXEMPTION" herein for a more detailed discussion of some of the federal income tax consequences of owning the Bonds. The interest on the Bonds is not exempt from present Wisconsin income or franchise taxes. The City will NOT designate the Bonds as "qualified tax-exempt obligations" pursuant to Section 265 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, which permits financial institutions to deduct interest expenses allocable to the Bonds to the extent permitted under prior law. New Issue CITY OF BELOIT, WISCONSIN (Rock County) Rating Application Made: S&P Global Ratings $3,775,000* SEWERAGE SYSTEM REVENUE BONDS, SERIES 2018D BID OPENING: April 16, 2018, 11:00 A.M., C.T. CONSIDERATION: April 16, 2018, 7:00 P.M., C.T. PURPOSE/AUTHORITY/SECURITY: The $3,775,000* Sewerage System Revenue Bonds, Series 2018D (the "Bonds") of the City of Beloit, Wisconsin (the "City") are being issued pursuant to Section , Wisconsin Statutes, to provide funds for the public purpose of financing additions, improvements and extensions to the City s Sewerage System, including wastewater treatment plant improvements and the acquisition and installation of equipment (the "Sewerage System"). The Bonds are not general obligations of the City but are payable only from net revenues of the Sewerage System. The Bonds are being issued on a parity with the City s outstanding Sewerage System Revenue Bonds, Series 2011, dated May 11, 2011 (the 2011 Bonds ). Delivery is subject to receipt of an approving legal opinion of Quarles & Brady LLP, Milwaukee, Wisconsin. DATE OF BONDS: May 3, 2018 MATURITY: May 1 as follows: Year Amount* Year Amount* Year Amount* 2019 $135, $165, $215, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,000 *MATURITY ADJUSTMENTS: The City reserves the right to increase or decrease the principal amount of the Bonds on the day of sale, in increments of $5,000 each. Increases or decreases may be made in any maturity. If any principal amounts are adjusted, the purchase price proposed will be adjusted to maintain the same gross spread per $1,000. See "Term Bond Option" herein. November 1, 2018 and semiannually thereafter. Bonds maturing on May 1, 2027 and thereafter are subject to call for prior optional redemption on May 1, 2026 or any date thereafter, at a price of par plus accrued interest. TERM BONDS: INTEREST: OPTIONAL REDEMPTION: MINIMUM BID: $3,727,812. MAXIMUM BID: $4,001,500. GOOD FAITH DEPOSIT: A good faith deposit in the amount of $75,500 shall be made by the winning bidder by wire transfer of funds. PAYING AGENT: May be determined by the City. BOND & DISCLOSURE COUNSEL: Quarles & Brady LLP. MUNICIPAL ADVISOR: Ehlers and Associates, Inc. BOOK-ENTRY-ONLY: See "Book-Entry-Only System" herein (unless otherwise specified by the purchaser).

2 REPRESENTATIONS No dealer, broker, salesperson or other person has been authorized by the City to give any information or to make any representation other than those contained in this Preliminary Official Statement and, if given or made, such other information or representations must not be relied upon as having been authorized by the City. This Preliminary Official Statement does not constitute an offer to sell or a solicitation of an offer to buy any of the Bonds in any jurisdiction to any person to whom it is unlawful to make such an offer or solicitation in such jurisdiction. This Preliminary Official Statement is not to be construed as a contract with the Syndicate Manager or Syndicate Members. Statements contained herein which involve estimates or matters of opinion are intended solely as such and are not to be construed as representations of fact. Ehlers & Associates, Inc. prepared this Preliminary Official Statement and any addenda thereto relying on information of the City and other sources for which there is reasonable basis for believing the information is accurate and complete. Quarles and Brady LLP will serve as Disclosure Counsel to the City with respect to the Bonds. Compensation of Ehlers & Associates, Inc., payable entirely by the City, is contingent upon the sale of the Bonds. COMPLIANCE WITH S.E.C. RULE 15c2-12 Certain municipal obligations (issued in an aggregate amount over $1,000,000) are subject to Rule 15c2-12 promulgated by the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Rule"). Preliminary Official Statement: This Preliminary Official Statement was prepared for the City for dissemination to potential investors. Its primary purpose is to disclose information regarding the Bonds to prospective underwriters in the interest of receiving competitive proposals in accordance with the sale notice contained herein. Unless an addendum is posted prior to the sale, this Preliminary Official Statement shall be deemed nearly final for purposes of the Rule subject to completion, revision and amendment in a Final Official Statement as defined below. Review Period: This Preliminary Official Statement has been distributed to prospective bidders for review. Comments or requests for the correction of omissions or inaccuracies must be submitted to Ehlers & Associates, Inc. at least two business days prior to the sale. Requests for additional information or corrections in the Preliminary Official Statement received on or before this date will not be considered a qualification of a proposal received from an underwriter. If there are any changes, corrections or additions to the Preliminary Official Statement, interested bidders will be informed by an addendum prior to the sale. Final Official Statement: Copies of the Final Official Statement will be delivered to the underwriter (Syndicate Manager) within seven business days following the proposal acceptance. Continuing Disclosure: Subject to certain exemptions, issues in an aggregate amount over $1,000,000 may be required to comply with provisions of the Rule which require that underwriters obtain from the issuers of municipal securities (or other obligated party) an agreement for the benefit of the owners of the securities to provide continuing disclosure with respect to those securities. This Preliminary Official Statement describes the conditions under which the City is required to comply with the Rule. CLOSING CERTIFICATES Upon delivery of the Bonds, the underwriter (Syndicate Manager) will be furnished with the following items: (1) a certificate of the appropriate officials to the effect that at the time of the sale of the Bonds and all times subsequent thereto up to and including the time of the delivery of the Bonds, this Preliminary Official Statement did not and does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; (2) a receipt signed by the appropriate officer evidencing payment for the Bonds; (3) a certificate evidencing the due execution of the Bonds, including statements that (a) no litigation of any nature is pending, or to the knowledge of signers, threatened, restraining or enjoining the issuance and delivery of the Bonds, (b) neither the corporate existence or boundaries of the City nor the title of the signers to their respective offices is being contested, and (c) no authority or proceedings for the issuance of the Bonds have been repealed, revoked or rescinded; and (4) a certificate setting forth facts and expectations of the City which indicates that the City does not expect to use the proceeds of the Bonds in a manner that would cause them to be arbitrage bonds within the meaning of Section 148 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or within the meaning of applicable Treasury Regulations. ii

3 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTORY STATEMENT THE BONDS GENERAL OPTIONAL REDEMPTION AUTHORITY; PURPOSE ESTIMATED SOURCES AND USES SECURITY SEWERAGE SYSTEM REVENUE DEBT OUTSTANDING SEWERAGE SYSTEM DEBT OUTSTANDING HISTORIC SEWERAGE SYSTEM DEBT SERVICE COVERAGES DESCRIPTION OF THE SEWERAGE SYSTEM RATING CONTINUING DISCLOSURE LEGAL MATTERS TAX EXEMPTION NOT-QUALIFIED TAX-EXEMPT OBLIGATIONS MUNICIPAL ADVISOR MUNICIPAL ADVISOR AFFILIATED COMPANIES. 13 INDEPENDENT AUDITORS RISK FACTORS VALUATIONS WISCONSIN PROPERTY VALUATIONS; PROPERTY TAXES CURRENT PROPERTY VALUATIONS EQUALIZED VALUE BY CLASSIFICATION TREND OF VALUATIONS LARGER TAXPAYERS DEBT DIRECT DEBT SCHEDULE OF GENERAL OBLIGATION DEBT SCHEDULE OF WATER REVENUE DEBT SCHEDULE OF STORM SEWER DEBT SCHEDULE OF AUTHORITY DEBT DEBT LIMIT OVERLAPPING DEBT DEBT RATIOS DEBT PAYMENT HISTORY FUTURE FINANCING TAX LEVIES AND COLLECTIONS TAX LEVIES AND COLLECTIONS PROPERTY TAX RATES LEVY LIMITS THE ISSUER CITY GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES; PENSIONS OTHER POST EMPLOYMENT BENEFITS LITIGATION MUNICIPAL BANKRUPTCY FUNDS ON HAND ENTERPRISE FUNDS SUMMARY GENERAL FUND INFORMATION GENERAL INFORMATION LOCATION LARGER EMPLOYERS BUILDING PERMITS U.S. CENSUS DATA EMPLOYMENT/UNEMPLOYMENT DATA FINANCIAL STATEMENTS A-1 FORM OF LEGAL OPINION B-1 BOOK-ENTRY-ONLY SYSTEM C-1 FORM OF CONTINUING DISCLOSURE CERTIFICATE D-1 NOTICE OF SALE E-1 BID FORM iii

4 CITY COUNCIL Term Expires Kevin D. Leavy Council President April 2020 Regina Dunkin Council Vice President April 2020 Clinton Anderson Council Member April 2019 Sherry Blakeley Council Member April 2019 Beth Jacobson Council Member April 2020 Nancy V. Forbeck Council Member April 2019 Mark Preuschl Council Member April 2020 ADMINISTRATION Lori S. Curtis Luther, City Manager Eric R. Miller, Finance & Administrative Services Director Lorena Rae Stottler, City Clerk/Treasurer PROFESSIONAL SERVICES Elizabeth A. Krueger, City Attorney, Beloit, Wisconsin Quarles & Brady LLP, Bond Counsel and Disclosure Counsel, Milwaukee, Wisconsin Ehlers & Associates, Inc., Municipal Advisors, Waukesha, Wisconsin (Other offices located in Roseville, Minnesota, Chicago, Illinois and Denver, Colorado) iv

5 INTRODUCTORY STATEMENT This Preliminary Official Statement contains certain information regarding the City of Beloit, Wisconsin (the "City") and the issuance of its $3,775,000* Sewerage System Revenue Bonds, Series 2018D (the "Bonds"). Any descriptions or summaries of the Bonds, statutes, or documents included herein are not intended to be complete and are qualified in their entirety by reference to such statutes and documents and the form of the Bonds to be included in the resolution authorizing the issuance and the sale of the Bonds (the "Authorizing Resolution") to be adopted by the City Council on April 16, Inquiries may be directed to Ehlers & Associates, Inc. ("Ehlers" or the "Municipal Advisor"), Waukesha, Wisconsin, (262) , the City's Municipal Advisor. A copy of this Preliminary Official Statement may be downloaded from Ehlers web site at by connecting to the Bond Sales link and following the directions at the top of the site. GENERAL THE BONDS The Bonds will be issued in fully registered form as to both principal and interest in denominations of $5,000 each or any integral multiple thereof, and will be dated, as originally issued, as of May 3, The Bonds will mature on May 1 in the years and amounts set forth on the cover of this Preliminary Official Statement. Interest will be payable on May 1 and November 1 of each year, commencing November 1, 2018, to the registered owners of the Bonds appearing of record in the bond register as of the close of business on the 15th day (whether or not a business day) of the immediately preceding month. Interest will be computed upon the basis of a 360-day year of twelve 30- day months and will be rounded pursuant to rules of the Municipal Securities Rulemaking Board ("MSRB"). The rate for any maturity may not be more than 2.00% less than the rate for any preceding maturity. (For example, if a rate of 4.50% is proposed for the 2019 maturity, then the lowest rate that may be proposed for any later maturity is 2.50%.) All Bonds of the same maturity must bear interest from the date of issue until paid at a single, uniform rate. Each rate must be expressed in an integral multiple of 5/100 or 1/8 of 1%. Unless otherwise specified by the purchaser, the Bonds will be registered in the name of Cede & Co., as nominee for The Depository Trust Company, New York, New York ("DTC"). (See "Book-Entry-Only System" herein.) As long as the Bonds are held under the book-entry system, beneficial ownership interests in the Bonds may be acquired in book-entry form only, and all payments of principal of, premium, if any, and interest on the Bonds shall be made through the facilities of DTC and its participants. If the book-entry system is terminated, principal of, premium, if any, and interest on the Bonds shall be payable as provided in the Authorizing Resolution. The City may designate a City officer or select a bank or trust company to act as paying agent (the Paying Agent ). If a Paying Agent is selected, the City will pay the charges for Paying Agent services. The City reserves the right to remove the Paying Agent and to appoint a successor. OPTIONAL REDEMPTION At the option of the City, the Bonds maturing on or after May 1, 2027 shall be subject to optional redemption prior to maturity on May 1, 2026 or on any date thereafter, at a price of par plus accrued interest. Redemption may be in whole or in part of the Bonds subject to prepayment. If redemption is in part, the selection of the amounts and maturities of the Bonds to be redeemed shall be at the discretion of the City. If only part of the Bonds having a common maturity date are called for redemption, then the City or Paying Agent, if any, will notify *Preliminary, subject to change. 1

6 DTC of the particular amount of such maturity to be redeemed. DTC will determine by lot the amount of each participant's interest in such maturity to be redeemed and each participant will then select by lot the beneficial ownership interest in such maturity to be redeemed. Notice of such call shall be given by sending a notice by registered or certified mail, facsimile or electronic transmission, overnight delivery service or in any other manner required by DTC, not less than 30 days nor more than 60 days prior to the date fixed for redemption to the registered owner of each Bond to be redeemed at the address shown on the registration books. AUTHORITY; PURPOSE The Bonds are being issued pursuant to Section , Wisconsin Statutes, to provide funds for the public purpose of financing additions, improvements and extensions to the City s Sewerage System, including wastewater treatment plant improvements and the acquisition and installation of equipment (the "Sewerage System"). ESTIMATED SOURCES AND USES* Sources Uses *Preliminary, subject to change Par Amount of Bonds $3,775,000 Funds on Hand for Reserve Account 277,954 Estimated Interest Earnings 9,150 Total Sources $4,062,104 Project Costs $3,660,000 Deposit to Reserve Account 277,954 Contingency 4,388 Estimated Underwriter s Discount 47,187 Finance Related Expenses 72,575 Total Uses $4,062,104 SECURITY This section is a summary of security provisions. A detailed explanation of the security provisions is contained in the Authorizing Resolution, which is available upon request from Ehlers. Source of Payment: THE BONDS ARE NOT GENERAL OBLIGATIONS OF THE CITY BUT ARE payable only from the net revenues of the Sewerage System. 2

7 The City pledges a first lien on the net revenues of the Sewerage System for payment of principal of and interest on the Bonds after payment of operation and maintenance expenses. Such pledge is on a parity with the pledge granted to the owners of the City s outstanding Sewerage System Revenue Bonds, Series 2011, dated May 11, 2011, which were issued to the State of Wisconsin Clean Water Fund Program (the 2011 Bonds ). Rate Covenant: The City covenants to establish, charge and collect such lawfully established rates and charges for the services provided by the Sewerage System so that net revenues (i.e. gross revenues of the Sewerage System less all costs of operation and maintenance, exclusive of debt service, depreciation, or tax equivalents) will be at least 1.25 times the amount of principal and interest coming due on all outstanding bonds payable from the income and revenues of the Sewerage System each year. Additional Bonds Test: The City reserves the right and privilege to issue additional revenue bonds, from time to time, payable from Sewerage System revenues and ranking on a parity with any outstanding Sewerage System revenue bonds. Before such additional parity bonds are issued, among other things, the City must demonstrate that either (1) the net revenues of the System during the fiscal year next preceding the issuance of such additional revenue bonds were equal to at least 1.25 times the average combined annual amount that will be required in any fiscal year for principal and interest on all outstanding bonds (other than bonds being refunded) and the bonds then proposed to be issued, or (2) that for each of the three fiscal years commencing with the fiscal year following that in which the projects financed by the additional bonds are to be completed, the projected net revenues of the System will be in an amount not less than 125% of the projected maximum annual debt service on all outstanding bonds payable from the revenues of the System and on the bonds then to be issued. Service to City: The City is to pay the reasonable cost and value of any services rendered to the City by the Sewerage System equal to the lesser of the maximum annual debt service amount or such part thereof as may be necessary from year to year to produce net revenues equivalent to not less than 1.25 times the annual debt service requirements on the 2011 Bonds, the Bonds and any other outstanding parity bonds. Such payment by the City is subject to annual appropriation by the City Council and other conditions set forth in the Authorizing Resoltuion. Reserve Account: The City will fund, upon the issuance of the Bonds, a reserve account (the "Reserve Account") equal to an amount, determined as of the date of the issuance of the Bonds, equal to the least of: (a) 10% of the stated principal amount of the Bonds, (b) the maximum annual principal and interest due on the Bonds in a bond year and (c) 125% of average annual debt service on the Bonds in a bond year; provided, however, that on an ongoing basis it shall never exceed the remaining maximum annual principal and interest due on the outstanding Bonds in any bond year. If parity bonds which are to be secured by the Reserve Account are issued, the Reserve Account must be funded in an amount, determined as of the date of issuance of the parity bonds, equal to the least of (a) 10% of the state principal amount of the outstanding obligations secured by the Reserve Account and the parity bonds to be issued (b) the maximum annual debt service on outstanding obligations secured by the Reserve Account and the parity bonds to be issued; and (c) 125% of average annual debt service on the outstanding obligations secured by the Reserve Account and the parity bonds to be issued; provided, however, that on an ongoing basis it shall never exceed the remaining maximum annual principal and interest due on the outstanding obligations secured by the Reserve Account and parity bonds in any bond year. Upon issuance of the Bonds, an amount necessary to make the amount on deposit in the Reserve Account equal to the reserve requirement will be deposited in the Reserve Account. The 2011 Bonds are not secured by the Reserve Account, and funds on deposit in the Reserve Account shall under no circumstances be used to pay principal of or interest on the 2011 Bonds. 3

8 SEWERAGE SYSTEM REVENUE DEBT OUTSTANDING All outstanding Sewerage System Revenue debt of the City is listed on the following page. HISTORIC SEWERAGE SYSTEM DEBT SERVICE COVERAGES The exhibit on the Page 5 presents the three-year historic debt service coverages of the Sewerage System. The debt service coverage ratios included on this page are calculated using unaudited 2017 Net Revenues. No guarantee can be given that the Net Revenues in future years will be the same as Net Revenues in 2017 and future Net Revenues may be materially different. 4

9 CITY OF BELOIT, WISCONSIN Schedule of Bonded Indebtedness Revenue Debt Secured by Sewerage System Revenues (As of May 3, 2018) Dated Sewerage System Revenue Bonds, Series 2011 (CWF) 5/11/2011 $3,481,777 Sewerage System Revenue Bonds, Series 2018D 5/3/ Unaudited Net Revenues Available for Debt Service Amount $3,775,000* $ 1,776,373 Maturity 5/1 5/1 Fiscal Year Total Total Principal Principal Principal Ending Principal Interest Principal* Interest* Principal* Interest* & Interest* Outstanding* %Paid* Year Coverage** ,678 68,598 97,276 97,276 6,164, % ,827 55, , , , , ,428 5,871, % ,638 51, , , , , ,025 5,568, % ,542 47, , , , , ,297 5,261, % ,539 43, , , , , ,221 4,946, % ,632 39, , , , , ,707 4,621, % ,823 35, , , , , ,783 4,287, % ,115 30, , , , , ,485 3,944, % ,509 26, , , , , ,799 3,592, % ,010 21, ,000 99, , , ,648 3,225, % ,618 17, ,000 93, , , ,060 2,848, % ,337 12, ,000 86, ,337 98, ,141 2,462, % ,169 7, ,000 79, ,169 86, ,804 2,061, % ,117 2, ,000 71, ,117 73, ,071 1,650, % ,000 63, ,000 63, ,353 1,440, % ,000 54, ,000 54, ,884 1,225, % ,000 46, ,000 46, ,006 1,000, % ,000 36, ,000 36, , , % ,000 26, ,000 26, , , % ,000 16, ,000 16, , , % ,000 5, ,000 5, , % ,389, ,513 3,775,000 1,730,887 6,164,873 1,901,872 6,416,745 *Preliminary, subject to change. **The debt service coverage ratios included in this column are calculated using 2017 unaudited Net Revenues. No guarantee can be given that the Net Revenues in future years will be the same as the Net Revenues in 2017 and future Net Revenues may be materially different. Prepared by Ehlers Sewer Revenue Debt 5

10 CITY OF BELOIT, WISCONSIN HISTORIC STATEMENT OF REVENUES AND EXPENSES The following table shows the historic comparison of Net Revenues and debt service secured by revenues of the Sewerage System for the three year period ending December 31, Audited Audited Unaudited Operating Revenues Sewer Service Fees $ 6,602,678 $ 6,982,311 $ 7,343,853 Other Operating Revenues 149, , ,104 Total Operating Revenues $ 6,751,680 $ 7,167,202 $ 7,547,957 Operating Expenses Operation and Maintenance $ 4,558,154 $ 4,746,569 $ 4,502,629 Depreciation and Amortization 2,633,789 2,640,722 2,640,722 Taxes - Payroll & Other 1,917,256 1,355,658 1,407,677 Total Operating Expenses $ 9,109,199 $ 8,742,949 $ 8,551,028 Operating Income $ (2,357,519) $ (1,575,747) $ (1,003,071) Plus: Depreciation and Amortization 2,633,789 2,640,722 2,640,722 Interest Income 147, , ,722 Net Revenues Available for Debt Service $ 424,195 $ 1,195,639 $ 1,776,373 Debt Service 2011 CWF Loan $ 214,450 $ 214,409 $ 214,366 Total Debt Service $ 214,450 $ 214,409 $ 214,366 Debt Service Coverage

11 DESCRIPTION OF THE SEWERAGE SYSTEM The City s Sewerage System, established in 1958, is owned and operated by the City and consists of a wastewater treatment facility and approximately 179 miles of various sized sewer lines. The treatment facility has an average daily flow capacity of 11 million gallons per day and a current usage of four million gallons per day. The treatment facility has a current projected design life to handle current and future development to at least the year The Sewerage System provides sewer service to the customers located within the City and the Towns of Beloit and Turtle. The Sewerage System is operated by the City. The City is the policy making body of the Sewerage System, overseeing all projects and programs, reviewing and approving the budget, and determining Sewerage System projects. Sewerage System operations are directed by the Director of Water Resources. History of Usage and Total Billings Year Total Usage in Gallons (in 000 s) Total Billings ,306,530 $6,404, ,657,090 6,555, ,079,962,356 6,595, ,149,030,659 6,889, ,365,712,756 7,322,883 History of Sewer Connections by Customer Type Year Residential Commercial Industrial Public Authority Total ,800 1, , ,780 1, , ,093 1, , ,793 1, , ,830 1, ,303 7

12 History of Sewer Billings by Customer Type Year Residential Commercial Industrial Public Authority Total 2013 $3,089,171 $1,165,844 $2,109,669 $40,004 $6,404, ,057,348 1,228,840 2,223,301 46,407 6,555, ,008,601 1,238,331 2,298,777 50,047 6,595, ,124,085 1,297,683 2,424,481 43,541 6,889, ,215,898 1,372,678 2,687,417 46,890 7,322,883 History of Sewer Gallons by Customer Type Year Residential Commercial Industrial Public Authority Total ,246, ,075, ,382,186 2,602, ,306, ,042, ,245, ,376,886 2,992, ,657, ,104, ,293, ,807,728 2,756,380 1,079,962, ,735, ,856, ,057,439 2,381,632 1,149,030, ,772, ,863, ,508,164 2,568,632 1,365,712, Larger Sewer Customers Total 2017 Sewer Billings $7,322,883 Customer 2017 Usage in Gallons 2017 Total Billings Percent of Total Sewer Billings Ecova Inc (Frito Lay) 154,026,550 $901, % Hormel Foods 117,202, , % The City 34,167, , % Reeseville Associates 20,530,356 95, % Kerry Ingredients 6,672,656 82, % S-L Snacks 31,272,291 79, % Beloit Health System 11,622,745 40, % ABC Supply 6,130,608 28, % Pratt Beloit Corrugated 5,924,160 27, % IPMPC LLC 3,890,443 18, % 8

13 Sewer Rates The City Council establishes rates and charges for the Sewerage System. Sewerage System rates are not subject to approval by the Wisconsin Public Service Commission. The City annually reviews rates as required under City sewer ordinances to determine if adjustments are required. The sewer service charge for any lot, parcel of land, building or premise is based on the quantity and quality of wastewater generated, on debt service related to the Sewerage System, and operation, maintenance and replacement costs of the Sewerage System. Under the Wisconsin statutes, delinquent charges may be placed on the tax roll and levied as a special charge against the property. The following sewer rates were approved on December 18, 2017 and were effective January 1, 2018: General Service - Metered Monthly Volume Charge Type Charge Residential (Res) $ 6.88 Res-Treatment Charge/CCF 3.22 Res-with Well Commercial (Comm) 7.65 Comm-Treatment Charge 3.58 Industrial (Ind) Ind-Treatment Charge 1.08 Ind-Treatment Charge for Chemical Oxygen Demand (min500mg/l) /lb Ind-Treatment Charge for Total Suspended Solids (min280mg/l) /lb Ind- Treatment Charge for Ammonia /lb Average Bill for Residential Service in 2017 Avg. Monthly Usage in Gallons Avg. Monthly 3,767 $22.65 RATING The City does not currently have a rating on any of its outstanding Sewerage System revenue debt. The City has requested a rating on the Bonds from S&P Global Ratings ( S&P ), and bidders will be notified as to the assigned rating prior to the sale. Such rating reflects only the views of such organization and explanations of the significance of such rating may be obtained from S&P. Generally, a rating agency bases its rating on the information and materials furnished to it and on investigations, studies and assumptions of its own. There is no assurance that such rating will continue for any given period of time or that it will not be revised downward or withdrawn entirely by such rating agency, if in the judgment of such rating agency circumstances so warrant. Any such downward revision or withdrawal of such rating may have an adverse effect on the market price of the Bonds. 9

14 Such rating is not to be construed as a recommendation of the rating agency to buy, sell or hold the Bonds, and the rating assigned by the rating agency should be evaluated independently. Except as may be required by the Disclosure Undertaking described under the heading "CONTINUING DISCLOSURE" neither the City nor the underwriter undertake responsibility to bring to the attention of the owner of the Bonds any proposed changes in or withdrawal of such rating or to oppose any such revision or withdrawal. CONTINUING DISCLOSURE In order to assist the underwriters in complying with Rule 15c2-12 promulgated by the Securities and Exchange Commission, pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Rule"), the City shall covenant to take certain actions pursuant to the Authorizing Resolution adopted by the City Council by entering into a Continuing Disclosure Certificate (the "Disclosure Undertaking") for the benefit of holders, including beneficial holders. The Disclosure Undertaking requires the City to provide electronically or in the manner otherwise prescribed certain financial information annually and to provide notices of the occurrence of certain events enumerated in the Rule. The details and terms of the Disclosure Undertaking for the Bonds are set forth in Appendix D to be executed and delivered by the City at the time of delivery of the Bonds. Such Disclosure Undertaking will be in substantially the form attached hereto. The City did not timely file notice of certain bond insurer rating changes during the previous five years. Except to the extent the preceding is deemed to be material, in the previous five years the City believes it has not failed to comply in all material respects with its prior undertakings under the Rule. The City has reviewed its continuing disclosure responsibilities to help ensure compliance in the future. A failure by the City to comply with the Disclosure Undertaking will not constitute an event of default on the Bonds. However, such a failure may adversely affect the transferability and liquidity of the Bonds and their market price. The City will file its continuing disclosure information using the Electronic Municipal Market Access ("EMMA") system or any system that may be prescribed in the future. Investors will be able to access continuing disclosure information filed with the MSRB at Ehlers is currently engaged as disclosure dissemination agent for the City. LEGAL MATTERS An opinion as to the validity of the Bonds and the exemption from federal taxation of the interest thereon will be furnished by Quarles & Brady LLP, Bond Counsel to the City, and will be available at the time of delivery of the Bonds. The legal opinion will be issued on the basis of existing law and will state that the Bonds are valid and binding special obligations of the City; provided that the rights of the owners of the Bonds and the enforceability of the Bonds may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, and other similar laws affecting creditors' rights and by equitable principles (which may be applied in either a legal or equitable proceeding). (See?FORM OF LEGAL OPINION" found in Appendix B). Quarles & Brady LLP has also been retained by the City to serve as Disclosure Counsel to the City with respect to the Bonds. Although, as Disclosure Counsel to the City, Quarles & Brady LLP has assisted the City with certain disclosure matters, Quarles & Brady LLP has not undertaken to independently verify the accuracy, completeness or sufficiency of this Official Statement or other offering material relating to the Bonds and assumes no responsibility whatsoever nor shall have any liability to any other party for the statements or information contained or incorporated by reference in this Official Statement. Further, Quarles & Brady LLP makes no representation as to the suitability of the Bonds for any investor. 10

15 TAX EXEMPTION Quarles & Brady LLP, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, Bond Counsel, will deliver a legal opinion with respect to the federal income tax exemption applicable to the interest on the Bonds under existing law substantially in the following form: "The interest on the Bonds is excludable for federal income tax purposes from the gross income of the owners of the Bonds. The interest on the Bonds is not an item of tax preference for purposes of the federal alternative minimum tax imposed by Section 55 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code") on corporations (as that term is defined for federal income tax purposes) and individuals. However, for purposes of computing the alternative minimum tax imposed on corporations, the interest on the Bonds is included in adjusted current earnings. We note, however, that the 2017 tax act (Public Law ) enacted on December 22, 2017, repealed the alternative minimum tax on corporations for tax years beginning after December 31, Accordingly, any discussion herein regarding corporate alternative minimum tax is applicable only to a corporation's tax years beginning before January 1, The Code contains requirements that must be satisfied subsequent to the issuance of the Bonds in order for interest on the Bonds to be or continue to be excludable from gross income for federal income tax purposes. Failure to comply with certain of those requirements could cause the interest on the Bonds to be included in gross income retroactively to the date of issuance of the Bonds. The City has agreed to comply with all of those requirements. The opinion set forth in the first sentence of this paragraph is subject to the condition that the City comply with those requirements. We express no opinion regarding other federal tax consequences arising with respect to the Bonds." The interest on the Bonds is not exempt from present Wisconsin income or franchise taxes. Prospective purchasers of the Bonds should be aware that ownership of the Bonds may result in collateral federal income tax consequences to certain taxpayers. Bond Counsel will not express any opinion as to such collateral tax consequences. Prospective purchasers of the Bonds should consult their tax advisors as to collateral federal income tax consequences. From time to time legislation is proposed, and there are or may be legislative proposals pending in the Congress of the United States that, if enacted, could alter or amend the federal tax matters referred to above or adversely affect the market value of the Bonds. It cannot be predicted whether, or in what form, any proposal that could alter one or more of the federal tax matters referred to above or adversely affect the market value of the Bonds may be enacted. Prospective purchasers of the Bonds should consult their own tax advisors regarding any pending or proposed federal tax legislation. Bond Counsel expresses no opinion regarding any pending or proposed federal tax legislation. Original Issue Discount To the extent that the initial public offering price of certain of the Bonds is less than the principal amount payable at maturity, such Bonds ("Discounted Bonds") will be considered to be issued with original issue discount. The original issue discount is the excess of the stated redemption price at maturity of a Discounted Bond over the initial offering price to the public, excluding underwriters or other intermediaries, at which price a substantial amount of such Discounted Bonds were sold (issue price). With respect to a taxpayer who purchases a Discounted Bond in the initial public offering at the issue price and who holds such Discounted Bond to maturity, the full amount of original issue discount will constitute interest that is not includible in the gross income of the owner of such Discounted Bond for federal income tax purposes and such owner will not, subject to the caveats and provisions herein described, realize taxable capital gain upon payment of such Discounted Bond upon maturity. Original issue discount is treated as compounding semiannually, at a rate determined by reference to the yield to maturity of each individual Discounted Bond, on days that are determined by reference to the maturity date of such Discounted Bond. The amount treated as original issue discount on a Discounted Bond for a particular semiannual accrual period is generally equal to (a) the product of (i) the yield to maturity for such Discounted Bond (determined 11

16 by compounding at the close of each accrual period) and (ii) the amount that would have been the tax basis of such Discounted Bond at the beginning of the particular accrual period if held by the original purchaser; and less (b) the amount of any interest payable for such Discounted Bond during the accrual period. The tax basis is determined by adding to the initial public offering price on such Discounted Bond the sum of the amounts that have been treated as original issue discount for such purposes during all prior periods. If a Discounted Bond is sold or exchanged between semiannual compounding dates, original issue discount that would have been accrued for that semiannual compounding period for federal income tax purposes is to be apportioned in equal amounts among the days in such compounding period. For federal income tax purposes, the amount of original issue discount that is treated as having accrued with respect to such Discounted Bond is added to the cost basis of the owner in determining gain or loss upon disposition of a Discounted Bond (including its sale, exchange, redemption, or payment at maturity). Amounts received upon disposition of a Discounted Bond that are attributable to accrued original issue discount will be treated as tax-exempt interest, rather than as taxable gain. The accrual or receipt of original issue discount on the Discounted Bonds may result in certain collateral federal income tax consequences for the owners of such Discounted Bonds. The extent of these collateral tax consequences will depend upon the owner's particular tax status and other items of income or deduction. In the case of corporate owners of Discounted Bonds, a portion of the original issue discount that is accrued in each year will be included in adjusted current earnings for purposes of calculating the corporation's alternative minimum tax liability. Corporate owners of any Discounted Bonds should be aware that such accrual of original issue discount may result in an alternative minimum tax liability although the owners of such Discounted Bonds will not receive a corresponding cash payment until a later year. We note, however, that the 2017 tax act (Public Law ) enacted on December 22, 2017, repealed the alternative minimum tax on corporations for tax years beginning after December 31, Accordingly, any discussion herein regarding corporate alternative minimum tax is applicable only to a corporation's tax years beginning before January 1, The Code contains additional provisions relating to the accrual of original issue discount. Owners who purchase Discounted Bonds at a price other than the issue price or who purchase such Discounted Bonds in the secondary market should consult their own tax advisors with respect to the tax consequences of owning the Discounted Bonds. Under the applicable provisions governing the determination of state and local taxes, accrued interest on the Discounted Bonds may be deemed to be received in the year of accrual even though there will not be a corresponding cash payment until a later year. Owners of Discounted Bonds should consult their own tax advisors with respect to the state and local tax consequences of owning the Discounted Bonds. Bond Premium To the extent that the initial offering price of certain of the Bonds is more than the principal amount payable at maturity, such Bonds ("Premium Bonds") will be considered to have bond premium. Any Premium Bond purchased in the initial offering at the issue price will have "amortizable bond premium" within the meaning of Section 171 of the Code. The amortizable bond premium of each Premium Bond is calculated on a daily basis from the issue date of such Premium Bond until its stated maturity date (or call date, if any) on the basis of a constant interest rate compounded at each accrual period (with straight line interpolation between the compounding dates). An owner of a Premium Bond that has amortizable bond premium is not allowed any deduction for the amortizable bond premium; rather the amortizable bond premium attributable to a taxable year is applied against (and operates to reduce) the amount of tax-exempt interest payments on the Premium Bonds. During each taxable year, such an owner must reduce his or her tax basis in such Premium Bond by the amount of the amortizable bond premium that is allocable to the portion of such taxable year during which the holder held such Premium Bond. The adjusted tax basis in a Premium Bond will be used to determine taxable gain or loss upon a disposition (including the sale, exchange, redemption, or payment at maturity) of such Premium Bond. Owners of Premium Bonds who did not purchase such Premium Bonds in the initial offering at the issue price should consult their own tax advisors with respect to the tax consequences of owning such Premium Bonds. Owners of 12

17 Premium Bonds should consult their own tax advisors with respect to the state and local tax consequences of owning the Premium Bonds. NOT-QUALIFIED TAX-EXEMPT OBLIGATIONS The City will NOT designate the Bonds as "qualified tax-exempt obligations" pursuant to Section 265 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, which permits financial institutions to deduct interest expenses allocable to the Bonds to the extent permitted under prior law. MUNICIPAL ADVISOR Ehlers has served as municipal advisor to the City in connection with the issuance of the Bonds. The Municipal Advisor cannot participate in the underwriting of the Bonds. The financial information included in this Official Statement has been compiled by the Municipal Advisor. Such information does not purport to be a review, audit or certified forecast of future events and may not conform with accounting principles applicable to compilations of financial information. Ehlers is not a firm of certified public accountants. Ehlers is registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission and the MSRB as a Municipal Advisor. MUNICIPAL ADVISOR AFFILIATED COMPANIES Bond Trust Services Corporation ("BTSC") and Ehlers Investment Partners, LLC ("EIP") are affiliate companies of Ehlers. BTSC is chartered by the State of Minnesota and authorized in Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Illinois to transact the business of a limited purpose trust company. BTSC provides paying agent services to debt issuers. EIP is a Registered Investment Advisor with the Securities and Exchange Commission. EIP assists issuers with the investment of bond proceeds or investing other issuer funds. This includes escrow bidding agent services. Issuers, such as the City, have retained or may retain BTSC and/or EIP to provide these services. If hired, BTSC and/or EIP would be retained by the City under an agreement separate from Ehlers. INDEPENDENT AUDITORS The basic financial statements of the City for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2016 have been audited by Baker Tilly Virchow Krause, LLP, Madison, Wisconsin, independent auditors (the "Auditor"). The report of the Auditor, together with the basic financial statements, component units financial statements, and notes to the financial statements are attached hereto as "APPENDIX A FINANCIAL STATEMENTS". The Auditor has not been engaged to perform and has not performed, since the date of its report included herein, any procedures on the financial statements addressed in that report. The Auditor also has not performed any procedures relating to this Official Statement. RISK FACTORS Following is a description of possible risks to holders of the Bonds without weighting as to probability. This description of risks is not intended to be all-inclusive, and there may be other risks not now perceived or listed here. 13

18 System Revenues: Should rates set be inadequate to cover expenses, an unusual number of delinquencies occur, or a major breakdown or other disaster cause the Sewerage System to be inoperable, a shortfall of revenues could result in a delay of debt payments. Larger Users: Should larger users increase or decrease usage of the sewer service currently provided, the revenues of the Sewerage System will be affected proportionately. Ratings; Interest Rates: In the future, the City's credit rating may be reduced or withdrawn, or interest rates for this type of obligation may rise generally, either possibility resulting in a reduction in the value of the Bonds for resale prior to maturity. Tax Exemption: If the federal government taxes all or a portion of the interest on municipal bonds or notes or if the State government increases its tax on interest on bonds and notes, directly or indirectly, or if there is a change in federal or state tax policy, then the value of these Bonds may fall for purposes of resale. Noncompliance by the City with the covenants in the Authorizing Resolution relating to certain continuing requirements of the Code may result in inclusion of interest to be paid on the Bonds in gross income of the recipient for United States income tax purposes, retroactive to the date of issuance. Continuing Disclosure: A failure by the City to comply with the Disclosure Undertaking for continuing disclosure (see "CONTINUING DISCLOSURE") will not constitute an event of default on the Bonds. Any such failure must be reported in accordance with the Rule and must be considered by any broker, dealer, or municipal securities dealer before recommending the purchase or sale of the Bonds in the secondary market. Such a failure may adversely affect the transferability and liquidity of the Bonds and their market price. Book-Entry-Only System: The timely credit of payments for principal and interest on the Bonds to the accounts of the Beneficial Owners of the Bonds may be delayed due to the customary practices, standing instructions or for other unknown reasons by DTC participants or indirect participants. Since the notice of redemption or other notices to holders of these obligations will be delivered by the City to DTC only, there may be a delay or failure by DTC, DTC participants or indirect participants to notify the Beneficial Owners of the Bonds. Depository Risk: Wisconsin Statutes direct the local treasurer to immediately deposit upon receipt thereof, the funds of the municipality in a public depository designated by the governing body. A public depository means a federal or state credit union, federal or state savings and loan association, state bank, savings and trust company, mutual savings bank or national bank in Wisconsin or the local government pooled investment fund operated by the State Investment Board. It is not uncommon for a municipality to have deposits exceeding limits of federal and state insurance programs. Failure of a depository could result in loss of public funds or a delay in obtaining them. Such a loss or delay could interrupt a timely payment of municipal debt. Economy: A combination of economic, climatic, political or civil disruptions or terrorist actions outside of the control of the City, including loss of major taxpayers or major employers, could affect the local economy and result in reduced tax collections and/or increased demands upon local government. Real or perceived threats to the financial stability of the City may have an adverse effect on the value of the Bonds in the secondary market. Secondary Market for the Bonds: No assurance can be given that a secondary market will develop for the purchase and sale of the Bonds or, if a secondary market exists, that such Bonds can be sold for any particular price. The underwriters are not obligated to engage in secondary market trading or to repurchase any of the Bonds at the request of the owners thereof. Prices of the Bonds as traded in the secondary market are subject to adjustment upward and downward in response to changes in the credit markets and other prevailing circumstances. No guarantee exists as to the future market value of the Bonds. Such market value could be substantially different from the original purchase price. 14

19 Bankruptcy: The rights and remedies of the holders may be limited by and are subject to the provisions of federal bankruptcy laws, to other laws, or equitable principles that may affect the enforcement of creditors rights, to the exercise of judicial discretion in appropriate cases and to limitations on legal remedies against local governments. The opinion of Bond Counsel to be delivered with respect to the Bonds will be similarly qualified. See "MUNICIPAL BANKRUPTCY" herein. 15

20 VALUATIONS WISCONSIN PROPERTY VALUATIONS; PROPERTY TAXES Equalized Value Section 70.57, Wisconsin Statutes, requires the Department of Revenue to annually determine the equalized value (also referred to as full equalized value or aggregate full value) of all taxable property in each county and taxation district. The equalized value is an independent estimate of value used to equate individual local assessment policies so that property taxes are uniform throughout the various subdivisions in the State. Equalized value is calculated based on the history of comparable sales and information about value changes or taxing status provided by the local assessor. A comparison of the State-determined equalized value and the local assessed value, expressed as a percentage, is known as the assessment ratio or level of assessment. The Department of Revenue notifies each county and taxing jurisdiction of its equalized value on August 15; school districts are notified on October 1. The equalized value of each county is the sum of the valuations of all cities, villages, and towns within its boundaries. Taxing jurisdictions lying in more than one municipality, such as counties, school districts, or special taxing districts, use the equalized value of the underlying units in calculating and levying their respective levies. Equalized values are also used to apportion state aids and calculate municipal general obligation debt limits. Assessed Value The "assessed value" of taxable property in a municipality is determined by the local assessor, except for manufacturing properties which are valued by the State. Each city, village or town retains its own local assessor, who must be certified by the State Department of Revenue. Assessed value is used by these municipalities to determine tax levy mill rates and to apportion levies among individual property owners. Each taxing district must assess property at full value at least once in every five-year period. The State requires that the assessed values must be within 10% of State equalized values at least once every four years. The local assessor values property as of January 1 each year and submits those values to each municipality by the second Monday in June. The assessor also reports any value changes taking place since the previous year, to the Department of Revenue, by the second Monday in June. 16

21 CURRENT PROPERTY VALUATIONS 2017 Equalized Value $1,607,119, Equalized Value Reduced by Tax Increment Valuation $1,329,531, Assessed Value $1,594,526, EQUALIZED VALUE BY CLASSIFICATION 2017 Equalized Value 1 Percent of Total Equalized Value Residential $ 884,697, % Commercial 454,270, % Manufacturing 182,152, % Agricultural 512, % Undeveloped 1, % Personal Property 85,485, % Total $1,607,119, % TREND OF VALUATIONS Year Assessed Value Equalized Value 1 Percent Increase/Decrease in Equalized Value 2013 $1,578,394,400 $1,377,134, % ,566,482,302 1,471,696, % ,570,904, ,557,937, % ,608,833,370 1,593,559, % ,594,526,630 1,607,119, % Source: Wisconsin Department of Revenue, Bureau of Equalization and Local Government Services Bureau. 1 Includes tax increment valuation. 2 The City filed a corrected statement of assessment with the Wisconsin Department of Revenue. 17

22 LARGER TAXPAYERS Taxpayer Type of Business/Property 2017 Equalized Value 1 Percent of City's Total Equalized Value ABC Supply/Hendricks Wholesale Distribution $ 84,788, % Kerry Ingredients Manufacturer of Food Additives 43,368, % Frito Lay Inc. Food Processor 22,666, % Staples Contract & Commercial LLC Fullfilment Center 19,344, % Woodmans 2 Retail Grocer 19,111, % Pratt Industries Manufacturer 18,947, % Kettle Foods Food Processor 16,719, % Beloit Health Systems Health Services 15,682, % McGuire/Morgan Square Developer of Commercial Property 13,587, % Walmart Retailer 12,755, % Total $266,970, % City's Total 2017 Equalized Value 3 $1,607,119,800 Source: The City. 1 Calculated by dividing the 2017 Assessed Values by the 2017 Aggregate Ratio of assessment for the City. 2 Assessment under appeal by taxpayer. 3 Includes tax increment valuation. 18

23 DEBT DIRECT DEBT 1 General Obligation Debt (see schedules following) Total General Obligation Debt $50,277,060 Revenue Debt (see schedules following) Total revenue debt secured by water revenues (includes the Concurrent Obligations, as defined herein)* $23,870,000 Total revenue debt secured by sewer revenues (includes the Bonds)* $ 6,164,873 Total revenue debt secured by storm sewer revenues $ 1,030,000 Lease Revenue Obligations (see schedules following) Total Lease Revenue Obligations Paid by Annual Appropriations $ 9,240,000 *Preliminary, subject to change. 1 Outstanding debt is as of the dated date of the Bonds. 19

24 CITY OF BELOIT, WISCONSIN Schedule of Bonded Indebtedness General Obligation Debt (As of May 3, 2018) General Obligation Corporate Purpose Bonds Series 2009 State Trust Fund Loan General Obligation Refunding Bonds Series 2011 Taxable General Obligation Refunding Bonds Series 2011B General Obligation Corporate Purpose Bonds Series 2012A General Obligation Refunding Bonds Series 2013A Dated Amount 5/28/2009 $7,390,000 8/1/2011 $1,500,000 10/12/ /8/2011 $11,080,000 $4,280,000 6/21/2012 $7,240,000 2/13/2013 $7,330,000 Maturity 5/1 3/15 4/1 3/1 3/1 5/1 Fiscal Year Ending Principal Interest Principal Interest Principal Interest Principal Interest Principal Interest Principal Interest ,120 63,516 30,876 68,794 42, ,000 53, ,323 18,837 1,030, , ,000 56, , , ,000 80, ,000 48, ,337 12, ,000 92, ,000 45, , ,294 35,000 76, ,000 44, ,647 6, ,000 74, ,000 33, , ,706 35,000 75, ,000 39, ,000 55, ,000 21, , ,856 35,000 74, ,000 35, ,000 37, ,000 13, ,000 88,550 35,000 74, ,000 30, ,000 21, ,000 8, ,000 75,738 35,000 73, ,000 25, ,000 6, ,000 2, ,000 61, ,000 61, ,000 20, ,000 46, ,000 38, ,000 14, ,000 35, ,000 13, ,000 8, ,000 29, ,000 3, ,000 23, ,000 17, ,000 10, ,000 3, ,350, , ,307 38,170 5,185, ,868 1,865, ,558 5,235, ,875 3,230, ,806 (Continued on next page.) repared by Ehlers G O DEBT 20

25 CITY OF BELOIT, WISCONSIN Schedule of Bonded Indebtedness General Obligation Debt (As of May 3, 2018) Taxable General Obligation Refunding Bonds Series 2013C General Obligation Corporate Purpose Bonds Series 2013D State Trust Fund Loan General Obligation Promissory Notes Series 2014A General Obligation Corporate Purpose Bonds Series 2014B General Obligation Promissory Notes Series 2015B Dated Amount 2/13/2013 $885,000 6/13/2013 $7,735,000 8/1/2013 $677,100 5/15/2014 $1,120,000 5/15/2014 $8,165,000 3/19/2015 $760,000 Maturity 5/1 4/1 3/15 5/1 5/1 3/1 Fiscal Year Ending Principal Interest Principal Interest Principal Interest Principal Interest Principal Interest Principal Interest ,778 80,813 7,868 80,963 5, ,000 6, , ,575 67,736 9, ,000 14, , ,113 75,000 (1) 9, ,000 4, , ,825 69,576 7, ,000 12, , ,800 75,000 (1) 8, ,000 1, , ,250 71,512 6, ,000 10, , ,488 75,000 (1) 7, , ,350 73,478 4, ,000 7, ,000 91,075 75,000 (1) 6, , ,150 75,499 2, ,000 4, ,000 74,038 75,000 (1) 4, , , ,000 1, ,000 55,925 80,000 (1) 2, ,000 (1) 89, ,000 44,375 80,000 (1) ,000 (1) 78, ,000 40, ,000 66, ,000 36, ,000 54, ,000 32, ,000 40, ,000 (1) 28, ,000 26, ,000 (1) 23, ,000 (1) 16, ,000 (1) 19, ,000 (1) 10, ,000 (1) 13, ,000 (1) 3, ,000 (1) 8, ,000 (1) 2, ,000 16,005 5,225,000 1,229, ,801 30, ,000 59,610 6,375, , ,000 46,260 (1) Mandatory redemption amounts (Continued on next page.) repared by Ehlers G O DEBT 21

26 CITY OF BELOIT, WISCONSIN Schedule of Bonded Indebtedness General Obligation Debt (As of May 3, 2018) General Obligation Corporate Purpose Bonds Series 2015C State Trust Fund Loan General Obligation Promissory Notes Series 2016A General Obligation Corporate Purpose Bonds Series 2016B General Obligation Promissory Notes Series 2017A General Obligation Corporate Purpose Bonds Series 2017B Dated Amount 3/19/2015 $2,450,000 11/23/2015 $200,000 5/12/2016 $1,725,000 5/12/2016 $3,235,000 6/22/2017 $1,715,000 6/22/2017 $5,425,000 Maturity 3/1 3/15 4/1 4/1 6/1 6/1 Fiscal Year Ending Principal Interest Principal Interest Principal Interest Principal Interest Principal Interest Principal Interest ,594 14,440 37, ,000 63, , , ,000 59,688 20,979 5, ,000 27,880 75,000 73, ,000 39, , , ,000 56,688 21,648 4, ,000 25,630 75,000 71, ,000 36, , , ,000 53,688 22,364 3, ,000 23,130 75,000 70, ,000 31, , , ,000 50,688 23,091 3, ,000 19, ,000 68, ,000 27, , , ,000 47,688 23,841 2, ,000 15, ,000 65, ,000 22, , , ,000 44,688 24,612 1, ,000 10, ,000 62, ,000 17, , , ,000 41,688 25, ,000 6, ,000 (1) 59, ,000 12, ,000 95, ,000 (1) 38, ,000 2, ,000 (1) 56, ,000 7, ,000 83, ,000 (1) 34, ,000 (1) 52, ,000 2, ,000 71, ,000 (1) 30, ,000 (1) 47, ,000 60, ,000 (1) 27, ,000 (1) 42, ,000 (1) 51, ,000 (1) 23, ,000 (1) 37, ,000 (1) 46, ,000 (1) 19, ,000 (1) 32, ,000 (1) 41, ,000 (1) 15, ,000 (1) 26, ,000 (1) 35, ,000 (1) 10, ,000 (1) 21, ,000 29, ,000 (1) 6, ,000 (1) 15, ,000 23, ,000 (1) 2, ,000 (1) 9, ,000 17, ,000 (1) 3, ,000 10, ,000 3,656 1,995, , ,952 21,744 1,550, ,220 3,025, ,775 1,715, ,918 5,425,000 1,585,801 (1) Mandatory redemption amounts. (Continued on next page.) repared by Ehlers G O DEBT 22

27 CITY OF BELOIT, WISCONSIN Schedule of Bonded Indebtedness General Obligation Debt (As of May 3, 2018) General Obligation Promissory Notes Series 2018A General Obligation Corporate Purpose Bonds Series 2018B Dated Amount 4/18/2018 $2,140,000 4/18/2018 $3,315,000 Maturity 4/1 4/1 Fiscal Year Ending Total Total Principal Principal Principal Principal Interest Principal Interest Principal Interest & Interest Outstanding %Paid Year , ,505 1,155,505 49,912, % , ,335 25, ,219 4,950,037 1,426,389 6,376,426 44,962, % ,000 70, , ,163 4,533,562 1,220,519 5,754,080 40,428, % ,000 63, , ,163 4,597,523 1,097,195 5,694,718 35,830, % ,000 55, ,000 98,163 4,461, ,614 5,434,184 31,369, % ,000 46, ,000 95,163 4,209, ,774 5,067,115 27,160, % ,000 36, ,000 91,663 4,299, ,495 5,041,107 22,860, % ,000 27, ,000 87,663 4,200, ,824 4,824,240 18,660, % ,000 18, ,000 83,038 3,635, ,159 4,149,159 15,025, % ,000 11, ,000 77,788 3,145, ,714 3,562,714 11,880, % ,000 3, ,000 72,538 2,005, ,826 2,345,826 9,875, % ,000 67,288 1,565, ,116 1,850,116 8,310, % ,000 61,738 1,500, ,434 1,737,434 6,810, % ,000 55,813 1,285, ,928 1,479,928 5,525, % ,000 49,531 1,315, ,703 1,469,703 4,210, % ,000 42,891 1,130, ,409 1,246,409 3,080, % ,000 35, ,000 84,088 1,014,088 2,150, % ,000 28, ,000 57, ,550 1,380, % ,000 20, ,000 34, , , % ,000 (1) 12, ,000 16, , , % ,000 (1) 4, ,000 4, , % ,140, ,385 3,315,000 1,345,256 50,277,060 10,188,881 60,216,653 (1) Mandatory redemption amounts. repared by Ehlers G O DEBT 23

28 CITY OF BELOIT, WISCONSIN Schedule of Bonded Indebtedness Revenue Debt Secured by Water System Revenues (As of May 3, 2018) Water System Revenue Bonds Series 2009 Water System Revenue Bonds Series 2010 Water System Revenue Refunding Bonds Series 2013B Water System Revenue Refunding Bonds Series 2016C Water System Revenue Bonds Series 2018C Dated Amount 5/28/2009 $3,910,000 4/6/2010 $4,025,000 2/13/2013 $5,745,000 11/9/2016 $12,555,000 5/3/2018 $4,015,000* Maturity 11/1 11/1 11/1 11/1 11/1 Fiscal Year Total Total Principal Principal Principal Ending Principal Interest Principal Interest Principal Interest Principal Interest Principal* Interest* Principal* Interest* & Interest* Outstanding* %Paid* Year ,000 63, ,000 60, ,000 30,225 20, , ,000 74,432 1,420, ,467 1,869,467 22,450, % , , , ,813 1,030,000 30,900 15, , , ,186 1,465, ,306 2,308,306 20,985, % , , , ,413 1,150, , , ,836 1,570, ,379 2,366,379 19,415, % ,000 97, ,000 (1) 100,213 1,205, , , ,306 1,630, ,574 2,364,574 17,785, % ,000 (1) 88, ,000 (1) 95,213 1,260, , , ,576 1,690, ,844 2,359,844 16,095, % ,000 (1) 79, ,000 (1) 90,213 1,330, , , ,656 1,755, ,299 2,357,299 14,340, % ,000 (1) 69, ,000 (1) 85,813 1,385, , , ,526 1,830, ,894 2,361,894 12,510, % ,000 (1) 59, ,000 (1) 81,000 1,455, , , ,940 1,910, ,745 2,367,745 10,600, % ,000 (1) 49,000 85,000 (1) 76,406 1,505, , , ,860 1,960, ,754 2,365,754 8,640, % ,000 (1) 37,000 85,000 (1) 72,688 1,560, , , ,624 2,020, ,174 2,368,174 6,620, % ,000 (1) 25,000 85,000 (1) 68,969 1,645,000 53, , ,074 2,105, ,505 2,370,505 4,515, % ,000 (1) 12, ,000 (1) 65, , ,424 1,175, ,174 1,366,174 3,340, % ,000 (1) 32, , , , ,449 1,088,449 2,390, % ,000 97, ,000 97, ,139 2,100, % ,000 85, ,000 85, ,800 1,800, % ,000 73, ,000 73, ,920 1,500, % ,000 61, ,000 61, ,890 1,200, % ,000 49, ,000 49, , , % ,000 37, ,000 37, , , % ,000 25, ,000 25, , , % ,000 12, ,000 12, , % ,625, ,854 2,685,000 1,044,919 2,015,000 61,125 12,530,000 2,884,400 4,015,000 2,085,693 23,870,000 6,877,990 30,747,990 (1) Mandatory redemption amounts *Preliminary, subject to change. Prepared by Ehlers Water Revenue Debt 24

29 CITY OF BELOIT, WISCONSIN Schedule of Bonded Indebtedness Revenue Debt Secured by Storm Sewer System Revenues (As of May 3, 2018) Storm Sewer System Revenue Refunding Bonds Series 2015A Dated Amount 3/4/2015 $1,225,000 Maturity 5/1 Fiscal Year Total Total Principal Principal Principal Ending Principal Interest Principal Interest & Interest Outstanding %Paid Year ,475 15,475 15,475 1,030, % ,000 30,250 70,000 30, , , % ,000 28,425 75,000 28, , , % ,000 26,550 75,000 26, , , % ,000 24,600 80,000 24, , , % ,000 22,200 80,000 22, , , % ,000 (1) 19,725 85,000 19, , , % ,000 (1) 17,175 85,000 17, , , % ,000 (1) 14,550 90,000 14, , , % ,000 (1) 11,850 90,000 11, , , % ,000 (1) 8, ,000 8, , , % ,000 (1) 5, ,000 5, , , % ,000 (1) 1, ,000 1, , % ,030, ,550 1,030, ,550 1,256,550 (1) Mandatory redemption amounts Prepared by Ehlers Storm Sewer Revenue Debt 25

30 CITY OF BELOIT, WISCONSIN Schedule of Bonded Indebtedness Community Development Authority Debt Secured by Lease Agreements (As of May 3, 2018) Lease Revenue Refunding Bonds, Redevelopment Lease Revenue Bonds, Taxable Lease Revenue Refunding Bonds, Series 2007 Series 2007B Series 2008 Lease Revenue Bonds, Series 2009 Redevelopment Lease Revenue Bonds, Series 2011A Redevelopment Lease Revenue Bonds, Series 2011B Dated Amount 2/21/2007 7/12/2007 6/19/2008 7/1/2009 6/27/2011 $8,915,000 $2,015,000 $2,640,000 $5,340,000 $3,175,000 (TID 10) (TID 6) (TID 10) (TID 10) (TID 5) 6/27/2011 $1,165,000 (TID 13) Maturity 3/1 6/1 3/1 3/1 6/1 6/1 Fiscal Year Ending Principal Interest Principal Interest Principal Interest Principal Interest Principal Interest Principal Interest , ,000 16,035 51,806 64, ,000 7,625 75,000 28, ,190,000 (1) 75, ,000 5, ,000 97, , ,113 75,000 25, ,200,000 (1) 25, ,000 84, , ,788 80,000 23, ,000 71, ,000 87,350 85,000 20, ,000 56, ,000 69,394 90,000 17, ,000 42, ,000 (1) 50,250 90,000 13, ,000 26, ,000 (1) 30,250 90,000 9, ,000 8, ,000 (1) 10,125 90,000 5, ,000 1,980 2,390, , ,000 21,473 1,590, ,363 2,690, , ,000 7, , ,650 (1) Includes mandatory redemption amounts (Continued on next page.) Prepared by Ehlers CDA 26

31 CITY OF BELOIT, WISCONSIN Schedule of Bonded Indebtedness Community Development Authority Debt Secured by Lease Agreements (As of May 3, 2018) Redevelopment Lease Revenue Bonds, Series 2012A Dated Amount 6/21/2012 $1,665,000 (TID 5) Maturity 6/1 Fiscal Year Total Total Principal Principal Principal Ending Principal Interest Principal Interest & Interest Outstanding %Paid Year ,000 7,417 1,630, ,620 1,855,620 7,610, % ,065, ,119 2,390,119 5,545, % ,855, ,095 2,093,095 3,690, % , , ,045 3,005, % , , ,249 2,305, % , , ,745 1,590, % ,000 66, , , % ,000 24, ,941 90, % ,000 1,980 91, % ,000 7,417 9,240,000 1,309,982 10,549,982 Prepared by Ehlers CDA 27

32 DEBT LIMIT The constitutional and statutory general obligation debt limit for Wisconsin municipalities, including towns, cities, villages, and counties (Article XI, Section 3 of the Wisconsin Constitution and Section 67.03, Wisconsin Statutes) is 5% of the current equalized value. Equalized Value $1,607,119,800 Multiply by 5% 0.05 Statutory Debt Limit $ 80,355,990 Less: General Obligation Debt (50,277,060) Unused Debt Limit $ 30,078,930 OVERLAPPING DEBT 1 Taxing District 2017 Equalized Value 2 % In City Total G.O. Debt 3 City's Proportionate Share Rock County $ 10,907,782, % $ 46,915,000 $ 6,912,315 Blackhawk Technical College District 13,008,450, % 46,810,000 5,783,095 Beloit School District 1,567,814, % 63,684,000 60,027,137 Beloit/Turner School District 485,056, % 2,390, ,669 Clinton Community School District 527,748, % 2,487, ,867 City's Share of Total Overlapping Debt $73,344,083 1 Overlapping debt is as of the dated date of the Bonds. Only those taxing jurisdictions with general obligation debt outstanding are included in this section. 2 Includes tax increment valuation. 3 Outstanding debt based on information obtained on EMMA and the Municipal Advisor's records. 28

33 DEBT RATIOS G.O. Debt Debt/Equalized Value $1,607,119,800 Debt/ Per Capita 36,520 1 Total General Obligation Debt $ 50,277, % $ 1, City's Share of Total Overlapping Debt 73,344, % 2, Total $123,621, % $ 3, DEBT PAYMENT HISTORY The City has no record of default in the payment of principal and interest on its debt. FUTURE FINANCING The City sold its $2,140,000 General Obligation Promissory Notes, Series 2018A and $3,315,000 General Obligation Corporate Purpose Bonds, Series 2018B on April 2, 2018, which are expected to close on April 18, Concurrently with the Bonds, the City expects to issue $4,015,000* Water System Revenue Bonds, Series 2018C (the Concurrent Obligations ). Aside from the preceding, the City has no plans for additional financing in the next 12 months. *Preliminary, subject to change. 1 Estimated 2017 population. 29

34 TAX LEVIES AND COLLECTIONS TAX LEVIES AND COLLECTIONS Tax Year Levy for City Purposes Only % Collected Levy/Equalized Value Reduced by Tax Increment Valuation in Dollars per $1, /14 $14,181, % $ /15 14,300, % /16 14,437, % /17 14,754, % /18 15,043,527 In Process Property tax statements are distributed to taxpayers by the town, village, and city clerks in December of the levy year. Current state law requires counties to pay 100% of the real property taxes levied to cities, villages, towns, school districts and other taxing entities on or about August 20 of the collection year. Personal property taxes, special assessments, special charges and special taxes must be paid to the town, city or village treasurer in full by January 31, unless the municipality, by ordinance, permits special assessments to be paid in installments. Real property taxes must be paid in full by January 31 or in two equal installments by January 31 and July 31. Alternatively, municipalities may adopt a payment plan which permits real property taxes to be paid in three or more equal installments, provided that the first installment is paid by January 31, one-half of the taxes are paid by April 30 and the remainder is paid by July 31. Amounts paid on or before January 31 are paid to the town, city or village treasurer. Amounts paid after January 31, are paid to the county treasurer unless the municipality has authorized payment in three or more installments in which case payment is made to the town, city or village treasurer. On or before January 15 and February 20 the town, city or village treasurer settles with other taxing jurisdictions for all collections through December and January, respectively. In municipalities which have authorized the payment of real property taxes in three or more installments, the town, city or village treasurer settles with the other taxing jurisdictions on January 15, February 20 and on the fifteenth day of each month following the month in which an installment payment is required. On or before August 20, the county treasurer must settle in full with the underlying taxing districts for all real property taxes and special taxes. Any county board may authorize its county treasurer to also settle in full with the underlying taxing districts for all special assessments and special charges. The county may then recover any tax delinquencies by enforcing the lien on the property and retain any penalties or interest on the delinquencies for which it has settled. Uncollected personal property taxes owed by an entity that has ceased operations or filed a petition for bankruptcy, or are due on personal property that has been removed from the next assessment roll are collected from each taxing entity in the year following the levy year. 30

35 PROPERTY TAX RATES Full value rates for property taxes expressed in dollars per $1,000 of equalized value (excluding tax increment valuation) that have been collected in recent years have been as follows: Year Levied/ Year Collected Schools 1 County Local Other 2 Total 2013/14 $13.49 $6.88 $12.18 $0.20 $ / / / / Source: Property Tax Rates were extracted from Statement of Taxes prepared by the Wisconsin Department of Revenue, Division of State and Local Finance. LEVY LIMITS Section of the Wisconsin Statutes, imposes a limit on property tax levies by cities, villages, towns and counties. No city, village, town or county is permitted to increase its tax levy by a percentage that exceeds its valuation factor (which is defined as a percentage equal to the greater of either the percentage change in the political subdivision's January 1 equalized value due to new construction less improvements removed between the previous year and the current or zero percent). The base amount in any year to which the levy limit applies is the actual levy for the immediately preceding year. In 2018, and in each year thereafter, the base amount is the actual levy for the immediately preceding year plus the amount of the payment from the State under Section of the Wisconsin Statutes (an amount equal to the property taxes formerly levied on certain items of personal property), and the levy limit is the base amount multiplied by the valuation factor, minus the amount of the payment from the State under Section of the Wisconsin Statutes. This levy limitation is an overall limit, applying to levies for operations as well as for other purposes. A political subdivision that did not levy its full allowable levy in the prior year can carry forward the difference between the allowable levy and the actual levy, up to a maximum of 1.5% of the prior year's actual levy. The use of the carry forward levy adjustment needs to be approved by a majority vote of the political subdivision's governing body (except in the case of towns) if the amount of carry forward levy adjustment is less than or equal to 0.5% and by a super majority vote of the political subdivision's governing body (three-quarters vote if the governing body is comprised of five or more members, two-thirds vote if the governing body is comprised of fewer than five members) (except in the case of towns) if the amount of the carry forward levy adjustment is greater than 0.5% up to the maximum increase of 1.5%. For towns, the use of the carry forward levy adjustment needs to be approved by a majority vote of the annual town meeting or special town meeting after the town board has adopted a resolution in favor of the adjustment by a majority vote if the amount of carry forward levy adjustment is less than or equal to 0.5% 1 The Schools tax rate reflects the composite rate of all local school districts and technical college district. 2 Includes the state reforestation tax which is apportioned to each county on the basis of its full value. Counties, in turn, apportion the tax to the tax districts within their borders on the basis of full value. It also includes taxes levied for special purpose districts such as metropolitan sewerage districts, sanitary districts, and public inland lake protection districts. Tax increment values are not included. State property taxes were eliminated in the State s budget act. 31

36 or by two-thirds vote or more if the amount of carry forward levy adjustment is greater than 0.5% up to the maximum of 1.5%. Beginning with levies imposed in 2015, if a political subdivision does not make an adjustment in its levy as described in the above paragraph in the current year, the political subdivision may increase its levy by the aggregate amount of the differences between the political subdivision s valuation factor in the previous year and the actual percent increase in a political subdivision s levy attributable to the political subdivision s valuation factor in the previous year, for the five years before the current year, less any amount of such aggregate amount already claimed as an adjustment in any of the previous five years. The calculation of the aggregate amount available for such adjustment may not include any year before 2014, and the maximum adjustment allowed may not exceed 5%. The use of the adjustment described in this paragraph requires approval by a two-thirds vote of the political subdivision s governing body, and the adjustment may only be used if the political subdivision s level of outstanding general obligation debt in the current year is less than or equal to the political subdivision s level of outstanding general obligation debt in the previous year. Special provisions are made with respect to property taxes levied to pay general obligation debt service. Those are described below. In addition, the statute provides for certain other exclusions from and adjustments to the tax levy limit. Among the items excluded from the limit are amounts levied for any revenue shortfall for debt service on a revenue bond issued under Section Among the adjustments permitted is an adjustment applicable when a tax increment district terminates, which allows an amount equal to the prior year's allowable levy multiplied by 50% of the political subdivision's percentage growth due to the district's termination. With respect to general obligation debt service, the following provisions are made: (a) If a political subdivision's levy for the payment of general obligation debt service, including debt service on debt issued or reissued to fund or refund outstanding obligations of the political subdivision and interest on outstanding obligations of the political subdivision, on debt originally issued before July 1, 2005, is less in the current year than in the previous year, the political subdivision is required to reduce its levy limit in the current year by the amount of the difference between the previous year's levy and the current year's levy. (b) For obligations authorized before July 1, 2005, if the amount of debt service in the preceding year is less than the amount of debt service needed in the current year, the levy limit is increased by the difference between the two amounts. This adjustment is based on scheduled debt service rather than the amount actually levied for debt service (after taking into account offsetting revenues such as sales tax revenues, special assessments, utility revenues, tax increment revenues or surplus funds). Therefore, the levy limit could negatively impact political subdivisions that experience a reduction in offsetting revenues. (c) The levy limits do not apply to property taxes levied to pay debt service on general obligation debt authorized on or after July 1,

37 THE ISSUER CITY GOVERNMENT The City was incorporated in 1856 and is governed by a Council-Manager form of government. The City Council is the policy-making body of the City. The City Council consists of seven members who are elected to two-year terms. The City Manager, appointed by the City Council, is responsible for supervision and administration of City government. The Manager coordinates the operation of the various City divisions and departments and carries the responsibility of carrying out policies adopted by the City Council. EMPLOYEES; PENSIONS The City employs a staff of 324 full-time, 32 part-time, and 114 seasonal employees. All eligible employees in the City are covered under the Wisconsin Retirement System ("WRS") established under Chapter 40 of the Wisconsin Statutes ("Chapter 40"). The WRS is a cost-sharing multiple-employer defined benefit pension plan. The Department of Employee Trust Funds ("ETF") administers the WRS. Required contributions to the WRS are determined by the ETF Board pursuant to an annual actuarial valuation in accordance with Chapter 40 and the ETF's funding policies. The ETF Board has stated that its funding policy is to (i) ensure funds are adequate to pay benefits; (ii) maintain stable and predictable contribution rates for employers and employees; and (iii) maintain inter-generational equity to ensure the cost of the benefits is paid for by the generation that receives the benefits. City employees are generally required to contribute half of the actuarially determined contributions, and the City generally may not pay the employees' required contribution. The total retirement plan contributions (including both the City s and the employees' contributions) for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2014 were $3,976,424. During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015 ("Fiscal Year 2015") and the fiscal year ended December 31, 2016 ("Fiscal Year 2016"), the City s portion of contributions to WRS (not including any employee contributions) totaled $2,173,426 and $2,012,193 respectively. The City implemented Governmental Accounting Standards Board Statement No. 68 ("GASB 68") for Fiscal Year GASB 68 requires calculation of a net pension liability for the pension plan. The net pension liability is calculated as the difference between the pension plan's total pension liability and the pension plan's fiduciary net position. The pension plan's total pension liability is the present value of the amounts needed to pay pension benefits earned by each participant in the pension plan based on the service provided as of the date of the actuarial valuation. In other words, it is a measure of the present value of benefits owed as of a particular date based on what has been earned only up to that date, without taking into account any benefits earned after that date. The pension plan's fiduciary net position is the market value of plan assets formally set aside in a trust and restricted to paying pension plan benefits. If the pension plan's total pension liability exceeds the pension plan's fiduciary net position, then a net pension liability results. If the pension plan's fiduciary net position exceeds the pension plan's total pension liability, then a net pension asset results. As of December 31, 2015, the total pension liability of the WRS was calculated as $90.1 billion and the fiduciary net position of the WRS was calculated as $88.5 billion, resulting in a net pension liability of $1.6 billion. Under GASB 68, each participating employer in a cost-sharing pension plan must report the employer's proportionate share of the net pension liability or net pension asset of the pension plan. Accordingly, for Fiscal Year 2016, the City reported a liability of $3,472,339 for its proportionate share of the net pension liability of the WRS. The net pension liability was measured as of December 31, 2015 based on the City s share of contributions to the pension plan relative to the contributions of all participating employers. The City s proportion was % of the aggregate WRS net pension liability as of December 31,

38 The calculation of the total pension liability and fiduciary net position are subject to a number of actuarial assumptions, which may change in future actuarial valuations. Such changes may have a significant impact on the calculation of net pension liability of the WRS, which may also cause the ETF Board to change the contribution requirements for employers and employees. For more detailed information regarding the WRS and such actuarial assumptions, see Note V.A. in "APPENDIX A - FINANCIAL STATEMENTS" attached hereto. Recognized and Certified Bargaining Units All eligible City personnel are covered by the Municipal Employment Relations Act ("MERA") of the Wisconsin Statutes. Pursuant to that law, employees have rights to organize and collectively bargain with municipal employers. MERA was amended by 2011 Wisconsin Act 10 (the "Act") and by 2011 Wisconsin Act 32, which altered the collective bargaining rights of public employees in Wisconsin. As a result of the 2011 amendments to MERA, the City is prohibited from bargaining collectively with municipal employees, other than public safety and transit employees, with respect to any factor or condition of employment except total base wages. Even then, the City is limited to increasing total base wages beyond any increase in the consumer price index since 180 days before the expiration of the previous collective bargaining agreement (unless City were to seek approval for a higher increase through a referendum). Ultimately, the City can unilaterally implement the wages for a collective bargaining unit. Under the changes to MERA, impasse resolution procedures were removed from the law for municipal employees of the type employed by the City, including binding interest arbitration. Strikes by any municipal employee or labor organization are expressly prohibited. As a practical matter, it is anticipated that strikes will be rare. Furthermore, if strikes do occur, they may be enjoined by the courts. Additionally, because the only legal subject of bargaining is the base wage rates, all bargaining over items such as just cause, benefits, and terms of conditions of employment are prohibited and cannot be included in a collective bargaining agreement. Impasse resolution for public safety employees and transit employees is subject to final and binding arbitration procedures, which do not include a right to strike. Interest arbitration is available for transit employees if certain conditions are met. The following bargaining units represent employees of the City: Bargaining Unit Expiration Date of Current Contract Police December 31, 2020 Firefighters December 31, 2020 Department of Public Works December 31, Police Sergeants December 31, The Department of Public Works union contract is currently in negotiations. 34

39 OTHER POST EMPLOYMENT BENEFITS The City provides "other post-employment benefits" ("OPEB") (i.e., post-employment benefits, other than pension benefits, owed to its employees and former employees) through a single-employer defined benefit plan to employees who have terminated their employment with the City and have satisfied specified eligibility standards. Membership in the plan consisted of 165 retirees receiving benefits and 326 active eligible plan members as of January 1, 2016, the date of the latest actuarial valuation. OPEB calculations are required to be updated every two years and prepared in accordance with Statement No. 45 of the Governmental Accounting Standards Board regarding retiree health and life insurance benefits, and related standards. An actuarial study was last completed by Key Benefit Concepts, LLC, in February, 2017 with an actuarial valuation date of January 1, 2016 (the "Actuarial Report"). The City is required to expense the estimated yearly cost of providing post-retirement benefits representing a level of funding that, if paid on an ongoing basis, is projected to cover costs and amortize unfunded actuarial liabilities over a given period not to exceed 30 years. Such annual accrual expense is referred to as the "annual required contribution." As shown in the City's financial statements for Fiscal Year 2016, the City's annual required contribution for Fiscal Year 2016 was $5,696,505. For Fiscal Year 2016, the City contributed $2,098,850 to the plan, which was 36.84% of the annual required contribution. The City's current funding practice is to make annual contributions to the plan in the amounts at least equal to the benefits paid to retirees in a particular year on a "pay-as-you-go" basis. As shown in the Actuarial Report, as of January 1, 2016, the actuarial accrued liability for the benefits was $102,502,429 and the actuarial value of assets was $0, resulting in an unfunded actuarial accrued liability of $102,502,429 and a funded ratio of actuarial value of assets to actuarial accrued liability of 0%. For more information, see Note V.D. in "APPENDIX A - FINANCIAL STATEMENTS." LITIGATION There is no litigation threatened or pending questioning the organization or boundaries of the City or the right of any of its officers to their respective offices or in any manner questioning their rights and power to execute and deliver the Bonds or otherwise questioning the validity of the Bonds. MUNICIPAL BANKRUPTCY Municipalities are prohibited from filing for bankruptcy under Chapter 11 (reorganization) or Chapter 7 (liquidation) of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code (11 U.S.C ) (the "Bankruptcy Code"). Instead, the Bankruptcy Code permits municipalities to file a petition under Chapter 9 of the Bankruptcy Code, but only if certain requirements are met. These requirements include that the municipality must be "specifically authorized" under State law to file for relief under Chapter 9. For these purposes, "State law" may include, without limitation, statutes of general applicability enacted by the State legislature, special legislation applicable to a particular municipality, and/or executive orders issued by an appropriate officer of the State s executive branch. As of the date hereof, Wisconsin law contains no express authority for municipalities to file for bankruptcy relief under Chapter 9 of the Bankruptcy Code. Nevertheless, there can be no assurance (a) that State law will not change in the future, while the Bonds are outstanding, in a way that would allow the City to file for bankruptcy relief under Chapter 9 of the Bankruptcy Code; or (b) even absent such a change in State law, that an executive order or other executive action could not effectively authorize the City to file for relief under Chapter 9. If, in the future, the City were to file a bankruptcy case under Chapter 9, the relevant bankruptcy court would need to consider whether the City could properly do so, which would involve questions regarding State law authority as well as other questions such as whether the City is a municipality 35

40 for bankruptcy purposes. If the relevant bankruptcy court concluded that the City could properly file a bankruptcy case, and that determination was not reversed, vacated, or otherwise substantially altered on appeal, then the rights of holders of the Bonds could be modified in bankruptcy proceedings. Such modifications could be adverse to holders of the Bonds, and there could ultimately be no assurance that holders of the Bonds would be paid in full or in part on the Bonds. Further, under such circumstances, there could be no assurance that the Bonds would not be treated as general, unsecured debt by a bankruptcy court, meaning that claims of holders of the Bonds could be viewed as having no priority (a) over claims of other creditors of the City; (b) to any particular assets of the City, or (c) to revenues otherwise designated for payment to holders of the Bonds. Moreover, if the City were determined not to be a "municipality" for the purposes of the Bankruptcy Code, no representations can be made regarding whether it would still be eligible for voluntary or involuntary relief under Chapters of the Bankruptcy Code other than Chapter 9 or under similar federal or state law or equitable proceeding regarding insolvency or providing for protection from creditors. In any such case, there can be no assurance that the consequences described above for the holders of the Bonds would not occur. FUNDS ON HAND (as of February 28, 2018) Fund Total Cash and Investments General $ 14,912,140 Special Revenue 7,635,286 Debt Service 447,883 Capital Projects 9,515,509 Enterprise Funds 17,485,277 Total Funds on Hand $ 49,996,095 36

41 ENTERPRISE FUNDS Revenues available for debt service on the City's enterprise funds have been as follows as of December 31 each year: Water (Unaudited) Total Operating Revenues $ 5,496,668 $ 5,507,429 $ 5,832,368 Less: Operating Expenses (3,900,834) (3,533,999) (3,477,324) Operating Income $ 1,595,834 $ 1,973,430 $ 2,355,044 Plus: Depreciation 1,267,520 1,227,645 1,227,645 Interest Income 38,465 42,584 46,198 Revenues Available for Debt Service $ 2,901,819 $ 3,243,659 $ 3,628,887 Sewer Total Operating Revenues $ 6,751,680 $ 7,167,202 $ 7,547,957 Less: Operating Expenses (9,109,199) (8,742,949) (8,551,028) Operating Income $ (2,357,519) $ (1,575,747) $ (1,003,071) Plus: Depreciation 2,633,789 2,640,722 2,640,722 Interest Income 147, , ,722 Revenues Available for Debt Service $ 424,195 $ 1,195,639 $ 1,776,373 Storm Sewer Total Operating Revenues $ 964,592 $ 1,124,771 $ 1,127,563 Less: Operating Expenses (993,082) (925,309) (866,260) Operating Income $ (28,490) $ 199,462 $ 261,303 Plus: Depreciation 146, , ,468 Interest Income 7,925 7,082 10,192 Revenues Available for Debt Service $ 125,755 $ 353,012 $ 417,963 37

42 SUMMARY GENERAL FUND INFORMATION 2018 Following are summaries of the revenues and expenditures and fund balances for the City's General Fund. These summaries are not purported to be the complete audited financial statements of the City, and potential purchasers should read the included financial statements in their entirety for more complete information concerning the City. Copies of the complete audited financial statements are available upon request. See Appendix A for the City's 2016 audited financial statements. FISCAL YEAR ENDING DECEMBER 31 COMBINED STATEMENT 2014 Audited 2015 Audited 2016 Audited 2017 Unaudited 1 Adopted Budget 2 Revenues Taxes and special assessments $ 6,950,211 $ 6,988,293 $ 7,202,750 $ 8,010,174 $ 8,330,931 Intergovernmental 19,350,993 19,626,259 19,406,099 18,734,698 18,715,000 Licenses and permits 886, , , , ,010 Fines, forfeitures and penalties 1,075, , , , ,100 Fees and service charges 748, , , ,812 1,024,946 Rent 19,178 47,003 57,804 47,651 48,666 Investment income 3 385,466 8,775 80, , ,132 Miscellaneous general revenues 40,159 41,421 41, , ,050 Total Revenues $ 29,456,976 $ 29,312,791 $ 29,152,004 $ 30,059,705 $ 31,098,835 Expenditures Current: General government $ 3,705,212 $ 3,739,168 $ 3,594,944 $ 4,089,649 $ 4,726,875 Community development 1,394,655 1,461,140 1,342,378 1,093,594 1,068,704 Public safety 19,442,554 19,502,193 19,218,338 19,315,734 19,126,545 Public works 6,276,704 5,847,128 5,705,137 5,374,913 6,176,711 Total Expenditures $ 30,819,125 $ 30,549,629 $ 29,860,797 $ 29,873,890 $ 31,098,835 Excess of revenues over (under) expenditures $ (1,362,149) $ (1,236,838) $ (708,793) $ 185,815 $ 0 Other Financing Sources (Uses) Proceeds from sale of property 231,362 40,801 1,608 Proceeds of long-term debt Operating transfers in 848, , ,273 Operating transfers out Total Other Financing Sources (Uses) $ 1,080,137 $ 901,655 $ 791,881 $ 0 Excess of revenues and other financing sources over (under) expenditures and other financing uses $ (282,012) $ (335,183) $ 83,088 $ 185,815 General Fund Balance January 1 10,416,369 10,134,357 9,799,174 9,882,262 Prior Period Adjustment Residual Equity Transfer in (out) General Fund Balance December 31 $ 10,134,357 $ 9,799,174 $ 9,882,262 $ 10,068,077 DETAILS OF DECEMBER 31 FUND BALANCE Nonspendable 2,071,820 1,791,582 1,578,930 Restricted Committed Assigned 300, Unassigned 7,762,537 8,007,592 8,303,332 Total $ 10,134,357 $ 9,799,174 $ 9,882,262 1 Unaudited data is as of December 31, The 2018 budget was adopted on November 6, Investment income is net of unrealized loss on investments. See Appendix A for more information. 38

43 GENERAL INFORMATION LOCATION The City, with a 2010 U.S. Census population of 36,966 and a current estimated population of 36,520 comprises an area of square miles and is located on the Wisconsin/Illinois border in Rock County, Wisconsin LARGER EMPLOYERS 1 Larger employers in the City include the following: Firm Type of Business/Product Estimated No. of Employees Beloit Health System Medical Services 1,600 School District of Beloit Public Education 938 Bird s Eye Foods Frozen Foods Specialty Manufacturer 800 Kerry Americas Dehydrated Food Products 740 Frito-Lay Snack Foods 663 Blackhawk Technical College Technical College 600 Taylor Company Food Service Industry 525 The City Municipal Government 470 Beloit College Liberal Arts College 408 ABC Supply Company Roofing, Siding and Building Products 406 Source: ReferenceUSA,The City, written and telephone survey (April 2017), Greater Beloit EDC, Wisconsin Manufacturers Register, and the Wisconsin Department of Workforce Development. 1 This does not purport to be a comprehensive list and is based on available data obtained through a survey of individual employers, as well as the sources identified above. Some employers do not respond to inquiries for employment data. 39

44 BUILDING PERMITS New Single Family Homes No. of building permits Valuation $595,170 $725,220 $1,212,760 $1,599,620 $768,500 New Multiple Family Buildings No. of building permits Valuation $0 $0 $0 $4,480,200 $0 New Commercial/Industrial No. of building permits Valuation $21,365,500 $22,434,077 $3,905,000 $7,147,200 $0 All Building Permits (including additions and remodelings) No. of building permits 1,074 1,002 1, Valuation $31,561,015 $37,811,996 $17,847,535 $21,675,091 $13,830,816 Source: The City. 1 As of March 6,

45 U.S. CENSUS DATA Population Trend: City Income and Age Statistics 2000 U.S. Census 35, U.S. Census 36, Estimated Population 36,520 Percent of Change % City Rock County State of Wisconsin United States 2016 per capita income $19,228 $25,884 $29,253 $29, median household income $37,779 $50,968 $54,610 $55, median family income $43,883 $61,315 $69,925 $67, median gross rent $727 $749 $789 $ median value owner occupied units $85,000 $132,500 $167,000 $184, median age 34.5 yrs yrs yrs yrs. State of Wisconsin United States City % of 2016 per capita income 65.73% 64.46% City % of 2016 median family income 62.76% 64.66% Housing Statistics City Percent of Change All Housing Units 14,262 15, % Source: 2000 and 2010 Census of Population and Housing, and 2016 American Community Survey (Based on a five-year estimate), U.S. Census Bureau ( EMPLOYMENT/UNEMPLOYMENT DATA Average Employment Average Unemployment Year City Rock County City Rock County State of Wisconsin ,666 77, % 6.1% 5.4% ,002 79, % 5.2% 4.5% ,298 80, % 4.6% 4.0% ,622 82, % 3.7% 3.3% 2018, January 16,525 82, % 3.3% 3.1% Source: Wisconsin Department of Workforce Development. 41

46 APPENDIX A FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Potential purchasers should read the included financial statements in their entirety for more complete information concerning the City s financial position. Such financial statements have been audited by the Auditor, to the extent and for the periods indicated thereon. The City has not requested the Auditor to perform any additional examination, assessments or evaluation with respect to such financial statements since the date thereof, nor has the City requested that the Auditor consent to the use of such financial statements in this Official Statement. Although the inclusion of the financial statements in this Official Statement is not intended to demonstrate the fiscal condition of the City since the date of the financial statements, in connection with the issuance of the Bonds, the City represents that there have been no material adverse change in the financial position or results of operations of the City, nor has the City incurred any material liabilities, which would make such financial statements misleading. Copies of the complete audited financial statements for the past three years and the current budget are available upon request from Ehlers. A-1

47 CITY OF BELOIT Beloit, Wisconsin COMPREHENSIVE ANNUAL FINANCIAL REPORT As of and for the Year Ended December 31, 2016 Prepared By: DEPARTMENT OF FINANCE AND ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICES Eric Miller, Director Dawn DeuVall, Director of Accounting and Purchasing A-2

48 CITY OF BELOIT COMPREHENSIVE ANNUAL FINANCIAL REPORT As of and for the Year Ended December 31, 2016 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTORY SECTION Page Transmittal Letter i v Certificate of Achievement for Excellence in Financial Reporting vi Directory of Officials vii Organization Chart viii FINANCIAL SECTION INDEPENDENT AUDITORS'REPORT ix xi REQUIRED SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Management s Discussion and Analysis xii xxvi BASICFINANCIAL STATEMENTS Government-wide Financial Statements Statement of Net Position 1 Statement of Activities 2 3 Fund Financial Statements Balance Sheet Governmental Funds 4 Statement of Revenues, Expenditures and Changes in Fund Balances Governmental Funds 5 6 Reconciliation of the Statement of Revenues, Expenditures, and Changes in Fund Balances of Governmental Funds to the Statement of Activities 7 Statement of Net Position Proprietary Funds 8 9 Statement of Revenues, Expenses, and Changes in Net Position Proprietary Funds 10 Statement of Cash Flows Proprietary Funds Statement of Assets and Liabilities Agency Fund 13 Statement of Net Position Component Units 14 Statement of Activities Component Units 15 Notes to the Financial Statements CITY OF BELOIT COMPREHENSIVE ANNUAL FINANCIAL REPORT As of and for the Year Ended December 31, 2016 TABLE OF CONTENTS (cont.) FINANCIAL SECTION (cont.) Page REQUIRED SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Schedule of Revenues and Other Financing Sources Budget and Actual General Fund Schedule of Expenditures and Other Financing Uses Budget and Actual General Fund Schedule of Revenues, Expenditures and Changes in Fund Balance Budget and Actual TIF District No. 10 (Major Fund) 102 Other Postemployment Benefits Plan Schedule of Funding Progress 103 Schedule of Proportionate Share of the Net Pension Liability (Asset) Wisconsin Retirement System 104 Schedule of Employer Contributions Wisconsin Retirement System 104 Notes to Required Supplementary Information 105 SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Governmental Funds Combining Balance Sheet Nonmajor Governmental Funds Combining Statement of Revenues, Expenditures and Changes in Fund Balances (Deficits) Nonmajor Governmental Funds Schedules of Revenues, Expenditures, and Changes in Fund Balance (Deficit) Budget and Actual General Debt Service Fund (Major Fund) 112 Capital Improvements Fund (Major Fund) 113 Special Revenue Funds Rental Rehab (WRRP/HOME) Fund 114 Community Development Block Grant 115 TIF District No TIF District No TIF District No TIF District No TIF District No TIF District No TIF District No TIF District No Fire Multi-Year Grants 124 DPW Multi-Year Grants 125 Community Development 126 A-3

49 CITY OF BELOIT COMPREHENSIVE ANNUAL FINANCIAL REPORT As of and for the Year Ended December 31, 2016 TABLE OF CONTENTS (cont.) FINANCIAL SECTION (cont.) Page SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION (cont.) Governmental Funds (cont.) Schedules of Revenues, Expenditures, and Changes in Fund Balances (Deficit) Budget and Actual (cont.) Special Revenue Funds (cont.) Library 127 Police 128 Solid Waste 129 Capital Project Funds Computer Replacement 130 Equipment Replacement Fund 131 Enterprise Funds Combining Statement of Net Position (Deficit) Nonmajor Proprietary Funds Combining Statement of Revenues, Expenses, and Changes in Net Position (Deficit) Nonmajor Proprietary Funds 134 Combining Statement of Cash Flows Nonmajor Proprietary Funds 135 Detailed Schedule of Revenues and Expenses Regulatory Basis Beloit Mass Transit 136 Reconciliation of Revenues and Expenses to WisDOT and Federal Recognized Revenues and Expenses Beloit Mass Transit 137 Computation of the Deficit Distribution Among the Subsidiary Grantors Beloit Mass Transit 138 Internal Service Funds Combining Statement of Net Position (Deficit) Internal Service Funds 139 Combining Statement of Revenues, Expenses and Changes in Net Position (Deficit) Internal Service Funds 140 Combining Statement of Cash Flows Internal Service Funds 141 Agency Fund Combining Statement of Changes in Assets and Liabilities Tax Collections 142 CITY OF BELOIT COMPREHENSIVE ANNUAL FINANCIAL REPORT As of and for the Year Ended December 31, 2016 TABLE OF CONTENTS (cont.) FINANCIAL SECTION (cont.) Page SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION (cont.) Component Unit Community Development Authority Combining Statement of Net Position Combining Statement of Revenues, Expenses and Changes in Net Position 145 Combining Statement of Cash Flows 146 STATISTICAL SECTION Schedule 1 Net Position by Component, Last Ten Fiscal Years 147 Schedule 2 Changes in Net Position, Last Ten Fiscal Years Schedule 3 Program Revenues by Function/Program, Last Ten Fiscal Years 150 Schedule 4 Fund Balances, Governmental Funds, Last Ten Fiscal Years 151 Schedule 5 Changes in Fund Balances, Governmental Funds, Last Ten Fiscal Years 152 Schedule 6 Tax Revenues by Source, Governmental Funds, Last Ten Fiscal Years 153 Schedule 7 Assessed Value and Equalized Value of Taxable Property, Last Ten Fiscal Years 154 Schedule 8 Direct and Overlapping Property Tax Rates, Last Ten Fiscal Years 155 Schedule 9 Principal Property Tax Payers, Current Year and Nine Years Ago 156 Schedule 10 Property Tax Levies and Collections, Last Ten Fiscal Years 157 Schedule 11 Ratios of Outstanding Debt by Type, Last Ten Fiscal Years 158 Schedule 12 Ratios of General Bonded Debt Outstanding and Legal Debt Margin, Last Ten Fiscal Years 159 Schedule 13 Direct and Overlapping Governmental Activities Debt as of December 31, Schedule 14 Pledged Revenue Coverage, Last Ten Fiscal Years 161 A-4

50 CITY OF BELOIT COMPREHENSIVE ANNUAL FINANCIAL REPORT As of and for the Year Ended December 31, 2016 TABLE OF CONTENTS (cont.) STATISTICAL SECTION (cont.) Page Schedule 15 Demographic and Economic Statistics, Last Ten Fiscal Years 162 Schedule 16 Principal Employers, Current Year and Nine Years Ago 163 Schedule 17 Full-Time Equivalent City Employees by Function/Program, Last Ten Fiscal Years 164 Schedule 18 Operating Indicators by Function/Program, Last Ten Years 165 Schedule 19 Capital Asset Statistics by Function/Program, Last Ten Years 166 SINGLE AUDIT SECTION Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting and on Compliance and Other Matters Based on an Audit of Financial Statements Performed in Accordance with Government Auditing Standards Report on Compliance for Each Major Federal and Major State Program and Report on Internal Control Over Compliance Required by the Uniform Guidance and the State Single Audit Guidelines Schedule of Expenditures of Federal Awards supplementary information 172 Schedule of Expenditures of State Awards supplementary information 173 Notes to Schedules of Expenditures of Federal and State Awards 174 Schedule of Findings and Questioned Costs A-5