Grow the Economy Briefing note

Transcription

1 Grow the Economy Briefing note Key messages The economy has shown resilience and consistent growth since At that time the borough was experiencing its most challenging economic period following the 2008 financial crash. Since 2011 overall borough performance across a range of economic metrics has improved in line with national trends. These metrics now show the economy is achieving strong results when compared with its Best Borough in the North 1 local authority neighbours and the Leeds City region 2. For example: Jobs employment rates s employment rate has improved and has been higher than the average for and England for five years in a row. In September 2016 it was 76.1%. This is the fourth highest rate within both the Best Borough in the North and comparator groups. See table 1 and figure 1 in Appendix A for more information. Jobs number of jobs The number of jobs in and the rate per resident of working age increased from 2013 to The rate is higher than the average for the Best Borough in the North, comparator group, Leeds City region and England. In 2015 there were 0.86 employee jobs per working age resident, the fifth highest in the. This was an improvement on the result for 2013 which was See table 2 and figure 2 in Appendix A for more information. Jobs private sector s private sector has expanded in the last five years. There were 8,825 private sector work places in the borough in 2016 compared with 7,465 in 2011 an 18% increase. In 2015 the rate of private sector work places per 1,000 residents was the fourth highest in the. See table 3 and figure 3 in Appendix A for more information. Further information See Appendix B for a snapshot of Financial Vulnerability for Households in in July 2016 using the Experian Financial Vulnerability Model. 1 Best Borough in the North is a list of 20 authorities in the North of England including. Council benchmarks its corporate performance on selected metrics against this list. The authorities are: Barnsley, Bolton, Bury,, Doncaster, Gateshead, Kirklees, Knowsley, North Tyneside, Oldham, Rochdale, Rotherham, Sefton, South Tyneside, St Helens, Stockport, Tameside, Trafford, Wigan and Wirral. 2 is a Local Enterprise Region for ten local authorities in Yorkshire. These are Barnsley, Bradford,, Craven, Harrogate, Kirklees, Leeds, Selby, Wakefield and York. 1

2 The Joseph Rowntree Foundation has identified a list of 18 Inclusive Growth Monitor Indicators. See Appendix C for a summary of recent results for compared with its Best Borough in the North local authority neighbours and. Data sets that underpin the metrics in this report are to be published on Data Works open data website in February The Council Economy and Investment Panel receives regular economic update reports which are published on the Council s website. Performance and Business Intelligence Team Council 20 January 2017 performance.businessintelligence@calderdale.gov.uk 2

3 Appendix A Jobs employment rates Table 1: % of working age population in employment (employment rate) Area Sep 11 Sep 12 Sep 13 Sep 14 Sep 15 Sep % 70.2% 72.3% 74.6% 76.6% 76.1% Best Borough in the North average 67.5% 68.2% 69.2% 69.8% 72.0% 71.4% 67.5% 69.0% 70.1% 70.0% 72.5% 73.1% England 70.0% 70.5% 71.2% 72.3% 73.6% 74.1% Figure 1: Percentage (%) of working age population in employment (employment rate) 78.0% 76.0% 74.0% 72.0% 70.0% 68.0% 66.0% Sep 11 Sep-12 Sep-13 Sep-14 Sep-15 Sep-16 Best Borough in the North average England Data source: Annual Population Survey (December 2014 June 2016) accessed 19 January

4 Jobs number of jobs Table 2: Number of employee jobs by working-age population (jobs density) Area Best Borough in the North average England Figure 2: Number of employee jobs by working-age population (jobs density) Best Borough in the North average England Data source: ONS (Office for National Statistics) Jobs Density series accessed 19 January

5 Jobs private sector Table 3: Number of Private Sector Workplaces per 1,000 Resident Population Area Best Borough in the North average England Figure 3: Number of private sector workplaces per 1,000 resident population Best Borough in the North average Data source: UK Business Counts - Local Units accessed 9 December

6 Appendix B: Financial Vulnerability The Experian Financial Vulnerability Model gives insight into the proportion of households across that are financially vulnerable. See table 4 and figure 4 for a summary of the 30% most vulnerable by ward. Table 4 Experian Financial Vulnerability Model (FVM) results by Ward: July 2016 Ward FVM 10% most FVM > 10% to 20% most FVM > 20% to 30% most vulnerable vulnerable vulnerable Park 47% 25% 10% Ovenden 36% 19% 11% Town 19% 22% 13% Illingworth and Mixenden 23% 11% 12% Warley 12% 18% 9% Todmorden 6% 19% 14% Elland 9% 18% 12% Sowerby Bridge 7% 18% 13% Brighouse 6% 12% 10% Rastrick 10% 11% 7% Greetland and Stainland 3% 8% 8% Luddendenfoot 3% 5% 9% Calder 1% 6% 10% Skircoat 2% 6% 9% Ryburn 6% 6% 6% Hipperholme and Lightcliffe 4% 3% 7% Northowram and Shelf 1% 3% 4% 12% 13% 10% Description of the Experian Financial Vulnerability model This model is created using 14 Experian models, with a weighting applied to each variable (according to perceived strength of relationship with financial vulnerability - some variables are given higher importance than others): 1. Financial Strategy Segments Factor A (Financial Stability) 2. Financial Strategy Segments Factor E (Level of Income) 3. Financial Strategy Segments Factor F (Financial Security) 4. Mosaic UK Factor A (High Status - Low Status) 5. Do not have a personal current account 6. Have used an unauthorised overdraft in the last year 7. Estimated value of assets - zero 8. Have fallen behind with many bills / credit commitments 9. Do not have any debt problems 10. Have applied for credit and found it hard to obtain 11. Currently being actively pursued for overdue bills / credit commitment 12. Use a Credit Union 13. Use home collected credit 14. Have used a loan for debt consolidation Each household in the UK is scored out with each of the 14 models and then the resultant financial vulnerability score. This score is then aggregated into 10 deciles, and 100 percentiles 6

7 Figure 4: Experian Financial Vulnerability Model (FVM) results by Ward in : July % 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% FVM 10% most vulnerable FVM > 10% to 20% most vulnerable FVM > 20% to 30% most vulnerable 7

8 Appendix C Inclusive Growth project data pack JRF Inclusive Growth Monitor Indicators: results compared with Best Borough in the North authorities and 20 January 2017 Performance and Business Intelligence Team Council performance.businessintelligence@calderdale.gov.uk 8

9 Inclusive Growth what is it? The OECD defines Inclusive as economic growth that creates opportunity for all segments of the population and distributes the dividends of increased prosperity, both in monetary and non-monetary terms, fairly across society. Nationally, there s been much discussion about JAMS (just about managing), Left Behind Britain, the Gig economy etc, and the RSA (Royal Society for the encouragement of Arts, Manufactures and Commerce) are currently undertaking an Inclusive Growth Commission, due to report in March. The Government have also commissioned Matthew Taylor to undertake a review on modern employment practices. In West Yorkshire, the Combined Authority are leading on an Inclusive Growth task and finish piece of work, and something similar is underway in. The Joseph Rowntree Foundation have identified a list of 18 Inclusive Growth Monitor Indicators which they feel will provide a good benchmark of how an area is performing. The attached data pack looks at each of those datasets in turn and compares with the average. Steve Barnbrook Inclusive Growth Project Lead Council 9

10 Index Theme Topic Indicator (click on link to view data) Full Description of Indicator Leeds City Region Rank* (out of 10 unless stated; 1 = best) Best Borough in the North Rank # (out of 20 unless stated; 1 = best) Inclusion Income Out of work benefits Percentage of working-age population receiving out-of-work benefits 7 5 In work tax credits Low earnings Percentage in-work households with and without children receiving Child and/or Working Tax Credits 20th percentile of gross weekly earnings (Twenty per cent of full-time workers receive earnings equal to or below this threshold) Not available Not available 4 5 Living Costs Housing affordability Ratio of lower quartile house price to lower quartile earnings 2 4 Labour Market Exclusion Housing costs Fuel Poverty Unemployment Economic inactivity Median monthly rents for private sector two bedroom properties Percentage of households classed as being 'fuel poor' (using Low Income-High Costs model) Percentage of working-age population not in employment but actively seeking and available to start work Percentage of working-age population who are economically inactive Joint 6th with 3 LAs out of Workless households Percentage of working age households with no one in work 5 4 * is a Local Enterprise Region for ten local authorities in Yorkshire. These are Barnsley, Bradford,, Craven, Harrogate, Kirklees, Leeds, Selby, Wakefield and York. #Best Borough in the North is a list of 20 authorities in the North of England including. Council benchmarks its corporate performance on selected metrics against this list. The authorities are: Barnsley, Bolton, Bury,, Doncaster, Gateshead, Kirklees, Knowsley, North Tyneside, Oldham, Rochdale, Rotherham, Sefton, South Tyneside, St Helens, Stockport, Tameside, Trafford, Wigan and Wirral. 10

11 Index Theme Topic Indicator (click on link to view data) Full Description of Indicator Leeds City Region Rank* (out of 10 unless stated; 1 = best) Best Borough in the North Rank # (out of 20 unless stated; 1 = best) Prosperity Output Growth Output Gross Value Added (GVA) per capita Not available Not available Private sector business Number of private sector workplaces per 1,000 resident population 4 3 Wages and earnings Median gross weekly pay for full-time workers 4 5 Employment Workplace jobs Employee jobs by working-age population (jobs density) 4 2 Human Capital People in employment Employment in low paid sectors Higher level occupations Working age population qualifications NVQ2 and above Educational Attainment Percentage of working age population in employment (employment rate) Percentage employed in administrative and support services, wholesale and retail trade, accommodation and food services, and residential social care Percentage of workers in managerial, professional and technical/ scientific occupations (SOCs 1, 2 and 3) Percentage of working-age population qualified at NVQ Level 2 and above Percentage of pupils at the end of Key Stage 4 achieving 5 or more GCSEs or equivalent at grades A* to C (including English and Mathematics) 4 Joint 4th Not relevant Not relevant Not relevant Not relevant out of 7 5 * is a Local Enterprise Region for ten local authorities in Yorkshire. These are Barnsley, Bradford,, Craven, Harrogate, Kirklees, Leeds, Selby, Wakefield and York. #Best Borough in the North is a list of 20 authorities in the North of England including. Council benchmarks its corporate performance on selected metrics against this list. The authorities are: Barnsley, Bolton, Bury,, Doncaster, Gateshead, Kirklees, Knowsley, North Tyneside, Oldham, Rochdale, Rotherham, Sefton, South Tyneside, St Helens, Stockport, Tameside, Trafford, Wigan and Wirral. 11

12 Inclusion Theme: Income Percentage of working-age population receiving out-of-work benefits Table 1 ai: Percentage of working-age population receiving out-of-work benefits Area May-11 May 12 May-13 May-14 May-15 May % 16.2% 15.8% 14.8% 13.8% 13.0% Best Borough in the North average 18.2% 18.5% 17.8% 16.5% 15.5% 14.7% 15.2% 15.6% 15.2% 14.1% 13.4% 12.7% Fig 1 ai: Percentage of working-age population receiving out-of-work benefits 19.0% 18.0% 17.0% 16.0% 15.0% 14.0% Best Borough in the North average 13.0% 12.0% May-11 May 12 May-13 May-14 May-15 May-16 Data source DWP Work and Pensions Longitudinal Study (benefit claimants - working-age client group) accessed 13/1/

13 Inclusion Theme: Income Percentage in-work households with & without children receiving Child &/or Working Tax Credits Table 1aii a: Total in-work families in receipt of HMRC Working Tax and Child Tax Credits ('0000s) Area 2011/ / / / Data sources HMRC Child and Working Tax Credit Finalized Award Statistics - Geographical Statistics, ttps:// accessed 21/12/2016 Table 1aii b: Percentage of Households in receipt of HMRC Working Tax and Child Tax Credits Fig 1aii a: Total in-work families in receipt of HMRC Working Tax and Child Tax Credits ('0000s) Area 2011/ / / Data source: JRF & Sheffield Hallam University (2016) Joseph Rowntree Foundation Inclusive Growth Monitor Databased, sheet Indicator Levels Data source: JRF & University of Manchester Inclusive Growth Analysis Unit (2016) Inclusive Growth Monitor: City region comparisons and a focus on Greater Manchester Figure 15: Prosperity Indicators for Local Authority Areas (2014), accessed 21/12/

14 Inclusion Theme: Income 20th percentile of gross weekly earnings # : #Twenty per cent of full-time workers receive earnings equal to or below this threshold Table 1aiii a: 20th percentile of gross weekly earnings: authorities Fig 1aiii a: 20th percentile of gross weekly earnings: Area Selby Harrogate York Leeds Kirklees Wakefield Barnsley Bradford Craven Data sources: NOMIS, annual survey of hours and earnings - resident analysis 2006 to 2016, accessed 21/12//2016 JRF & University of Manchester Inclusive Growth Analysis Unit (2016) Inclusive Growth Monitor: City region comparisons and a focus on Greater Manchester Figure 15: Prosperity Indicators for Local Authority Areas (2014), accessed 21/12/

15 Inclusion Theme: Income 20th percentile of gross weekly earnings # : Best Borough in the North authorities #Twenty per cent of full-time workers receive earnings equal to or below this threshold Table 1aiii b: 20th percentile of gross weekly earnings : Best Borough in the North authorities Area Trafford Bury Wirral Stockport North Tyneside Kirklees St. Helens Sefton Wigan South Tyneside Knowsley Tameside Gateshead Bolton Rochdale Barnsley Oldham Rotherham Doncaster Data source: NOMIS, annual survey of hours and earnings - resident analysis 2006 to 2016, p?mode=construct&version=0&dataset=30, accessed 13/1/

16 Inclusion Theme: Living costs Ratio of lower quartile house price to lower quartile earnings Table 1bi: Ratio of lower quartile house price to lower quartile earnings Area Best Borough in the North average Fig 1bi: Ratio of lower quartile house price to lower quartile earnings Best Borough in the North average Data source: LG Inform, Housing affordability ratio[id: 75], accessed 13/1/

17 Inclusion Theme: Living costs Median monthly rents for private sector two bedroom properties : Table 1bii a: Median monthly rents for private sector two bedroom properties : Area 2013/ / /16 York UA Craven Harrogate Selby Barnsley Bradford Kirklees Leeds Wakefield Fig 1bii a : Median monthly rents for private sector two bedroom properties : / / /16 LCR Ave* *LCR Ave = average Data sources All figures except those for are from Valuation Office Agency administrative database as at 30 September 2016, figure from JRF & Sheffield Hallam University(2016) Joseph Rowntree Foundation Inclusive Growth Monitor Databased, sheet Indicator Levels 17

18 Inclusion Theme: Living costs Median monthly rents for private sector two bedroom properties : Best Borough in the North authorities Table 1bii b: Median monthly rents for private sector two bedroom properties : Best Borough in the North authorities Area 2013/ / /16 Barnsley Bolton Bury Doncaster Gateshead Kirklees Knowsley North Tyneside Oldham Rochdale Rotherham Sefton South Tyneside St. Helens Stockport Tameside Trafford Wigan Wirral Data source: Valuation Office Agency administrative database as at 30 September 2016, 18

19 Inclusion Theme: Living costs Percentage of households classed as being 'fuel poor' (using LCHI model) : LIHC = Low Cost High Income Table 1biii a: Percentage of households classed as being 'fuel poor' (using LIHC model): Area % 12.1% 11.6% 11.7% 12.2% 18.3% 11.1% 11.2% 11.0% Fig 1biii a: Percentage of households classed as being 'fuel poor (using LIHC model) : 20.0% 18.0% 16.0% 14.0% 12.0% 10.0% Data sources: Gov.uk Annual sub-regional poverty data: low income high costs indicator, ; accessed 13/1/2017 Gov.uk Fuel poverty 2010: sub-regional data; accessed 13/1/

20 Inclusion Theme: Living costs Percentage of households classed as 'fuel poor' (LCHI model): Best Borough in the North authorities LIHC = Low Cost High Income Table 1biii b: Percentage of households classed as being 'fuel poor' (using LIHC model) : Best Borough in the North authorities Area Stockport 18.5% 12.3% 9.7% 9.2% 9.8% North Tyneside 19.0% 10.7% 9.7% 9.9% 9.9% Wigan 19.8% 11.3% 9.4% 9.1% 9.9% Tameside 19.7% 11.9% 10.4% 9.8% 10.2% St. Helens 20.0% 11.3% 10.1% 9.7% 10.3% Bury 19.1% 12.4% 10.3% 10.1% 10.4% Trafford 18.5% 13.1% 11.1% 10.0% 10.4% Bolton 19.7% 11.4% 11.4% 11.0% 10.5% Rotherham 18.2% 10.1% 9.8% 9.0% 10.5% Knowsley 19.5% 9.9% 10.2% 10.4% 10.7% Oldham 19.8% 11.3% 11.2% 10.7% 10.7% Wirral 20.5% 13.5% 11.2% 10.6% 10.9% Gateshead 22.6% 10.9% 11.0% 10.9% 11.2% Sefton 20.9% 14.4% 11.4% 10.9% 11.2% Barnsley 20.3% 10.9% 9.7% 9.2% 11.3% Rochdale 20.0% 11.5% 11.5% 11.3% 11.4% Doncaster 20.1% 11.4% 10.0% 9.8% 11.6% Kirklees 18.9% 11.5% 12.0% 11.8% 11.6% South Tyneside 21.3% 10.2% 11.0% 11.3% 11.8% 19.5% 12.1% 11.6% 11.7% 12.2% Data sources: Gov.uk Annual sub-regional poverty data: low income high costs indicator, ; accessed 13/1/2017 Gov.uk Fuel poverty 2010: sub-regional data; accessed 13/1/

21 Inclusion Theme: Labour Market Exclusion Unemployment rate aged Table 1ci: Unemployment rate - aged Area Sep-10 Sep-11 Sep-12 Sep-13 Sep-14 Sep-15 Sep % 9.9% 8.7% 7.6% 6.5% 4.4% 4.0% Best Borough in the North average 8.8% 9.6% 9.5% 8.9% 8.0% 6.2% 5.8% 8.5% 9.7% 8.7% 8.6% 7.9% 6.1% 5.3% Fig 1ci: Unemployment rate - aged % 10.0% 9.0% 8.0% 7.0% 6.0% 5.0% 4.0% 3.0% 2.0% Sep-11 Sep-12 Sep 13 Sep-14 Sep-15 Sep-16 Best Borough in the North average Data source: Annual Population Survey, accessed 19/1/

22 Inclusion Theme: Labour Market Exclusion Percentage of working-age population who are economically inactive Table 1cii: % who are economically inactive - aged Area Sep-11 Sep 12 Sep-13 Sep-14 Sep-15 Sep % 23.1% 21.8% 20.2% 19.9% 20.8% Best Borough in the North average 25.3% 24.6% 24.0% 24.2% 23.3% 24.2% 25.3% 24.5% 23.2% 24.0% 22.8% 22.9% Fig 1cii: % who are economically inactive - aged % 25.0% 24.0% 23.0% 22.0% 21.0% 20.0% 19.0% 18.0% 17.0% Sep-11 Sep 12 Sep-13 Sep-14 Sep-15 Sep-16 Best Borough in the North average Data source: Annual Population Survey, accessed 19/1/

23 Inclusion Theme: Labour Market Exclusion Percentage of working age households with no one in work Table 1ciii: Percentage of working age households with no one in work Area % 18.1% 17.7% 14.6% 14.7% Best Borough in the North average 21.5% 21.3% 20.2% 19.1% 17.6% 20.4% 18.6% 17.9% 17.4% 15.8% Fig 1ciii: Percentage of working age households with no one in work 22.0% 21.0% 20.0% 19.0% 18.0% 17.0% 16.0% Best Borough in the North average 15.0% 14.0% Data source: Annual Population Survey - Households by combined economic activity status (2004 to 2015), accessed 17/1/

24 Prosperity Theme: Output Growth Gross Value Added (GVA) per capita Table 2ai: Gross Value Added (GVA) per capita Area and Kirklees 16,156 16,607 17,028 17,240 17,755 18,283 18,698 18,934 19,524 20,073 Fig 2ai b: JRF estimates of GVA per capita by Local authority in : 2014 Fig 2ai a: GVA per capita: and Kirklees compared with (LCR) average 21,000 20,000 19,000 18,000 17,000 16,000 15, Fig 2ai b: Data source: JRF & University of Manchester Inclusive Growth Analysis Unit (2016) Inclusive Growth Monitor: City region comparisons and a focus on Greater Manchester Figure 15: Prosperity Indicators for Local Authority Areas (2014), accessed 21/12/2016 Table 2ai and Fig 2ai a: Data source: ONS Regional GVA (Income Approach) Statistics 1997 to 2014 (Excel sheet gvaireferencetablesv2_tcm xls, table 2) accessed 22/12/2016 and Kirklees LCR 24

25 Prosperity Theme: Output Growth Number of private sector workplaces per 1,000 resident populations Table 2aii: Number of Private Sector Workplaces per 1K Resident Population Area Best Borough in the North average Fig 2aii: Number of Private Sector Workplaces per 1K Resident Population Best Borough in the North average Data source: ONS UK Business Counts Local Units, accessed 19/1/

26 Prosperity Theme: Output Growth Median gross weekly pay for full-time workers : Table 2aiii a: Median gross weekly pay for full-time workers: Area Selby Harrogate Leeds York Kirklees Barnsley Wakefield Craven Bradford Fig 2aiii a: Median gross weekly pay for full-time workers: LCR Ave* Data sources: NOMIS, annual survey of hours and earnings - resident analysis 2006 to 2016, accessed 20/11/2016 JRF & University of Manchester Inclusive Growth Analysis Unit (2016) Inclusive Growth Monitor: City region comparisons and a focus on Greater Manchester Figure 15: Prosperity Indicators for Local Authority Areas (2014), accessed 21/12/

27 Prosperity Theme: Output Growth Median gross weekly pay for full-time workers: Best Borough in the North authorities Table 2aiii : Median gross weekly pay for full-time workers : Best Borough in the North comparator group Area Trafford Stockport Wirral Bury North Tyneside York Sefton Wigan St. Helens Kirklees Gateshead Rotherham Doncaster Barnsley Knowsley Rochdale South Tyneside Oldham Bolton Tameside Data source NOMIS, annual survey of hours and earnings - resident analysis 2006 to 2016, uct/summary.asp?mode=construct&version =0&dataset=30, accessed 18/1/

28 Prosperity Theme: Employment Employee jobs by working-age population (jobs density) Table 2bi: Number of employee jobs by working-age population (jobs density) Area Best Borough in the North average Fig 2bi: Number of employee jobs by working-age population (jobs density) Best Borough in the North average Data source: ONS Jobs Density series, accessed 18/1/

29 Prosperity Theme: Employment Percentage of working age population in employment (employment rate) Table 2bii: Percentage of working age population in employment (employment rate) Area Sep 11 Sep-12 Sep-13 Sep-14 Sep-15 Sep % 70.2% 72.3% 74.6% 76.6% 76.1% Best Borough in the North average 67.5% 68.2% 69.2% 69.8% 72.0% 71.4% 67.5% 69.0% 70.1% 70.0% 72.5% 73.1% Fig 2bii: Percentage of working age population in employment (employment rate) 78.0% 76.0% 74.0% 72.0% 70.0% 68.0% 66.0% 64.0% 62.0% Sep 11 Sep-12 Sep-13 Sep-14 Sep-15 Sep-16 Best Borough in the North average Data source: Annual Population Survey, accessed 18/1/

30 Prosperity Theme: Employment Percentage employed in administrative and support services, wholesale and retail trade, accommodation and food services, and residential social care Figure 2biii: Percentage employed in administrative and support services, wholesale and retail trade, accommodation and food services, and residential social care Data source: JRF & University of Manchester Inclusive Growth Analysis Unit (2016) Inclusive Growth Monitor: City region comparisons and a focus on Greater Manchester Figure 15: Prosperity Indicators for Local Authority Areas (2014), accessed 21/12/

31 Prosperity Theme: Human Capital Percentage of workers in managerial, professional and technical/ scientific occupations (SOCs 1, 2 and 3) Table 2ci: Percentage of Workers in Managerial, Professional and Technical Scientific Occupations (SOCs 1,2 and 3) Area Jun-11 Jun 12 Jun-13 Jun-14 Jun-15 Jun % 43.6% 45.2% 47.0% 45.7% 46.1% Best Borough in the North average 38.7% 39.1% 39.5% 39.1% 39.2% 40.7% 39.0% 38.8% 41.4% 41.8% 40.1% 42.3% Fig 2ci: Percentage of Workers in Managerial, Professional and Technical Scientific Occupations (SOCs 1, 2 and 3) 48.0% 46.0% 44.0% 42.0% 40.0% 38.0% 36.0% 34.0% Jun-11 Jun 12 Jun-13 Jun-14 Jun-15 Jun-16 Best Borough in the North average Data source: Annual Population Survey (Dec 2014 Jun 2016), accessed 21/12/

32 Prosperity Theme: Human Capital Percentage of working-age population qualified at NVQ Level 2 and above Table 2cii: Percentage of working-age population qualified at NVQ Level 2 and above Area % 67.2% 68.9% 70.3% 73.7% 72.3% Best Borough in the North average 65.2% 66.4% 69.0% 69.4% 71.1% 71.7% 63.7% 66.5% 68.5% 69.2% 69.9% 70.1% Fig 2cii: Percentage of working-age population qualified at NVQ Level 2 and above 76.0% 74.0% 72.0% 70.0% 68.0% 66.0% 64.0% 62.0% 60.0% 58.0% Best Borough in the North average Data Source: NOMIS, Annual Population Survey (January 2005 to December 2015), accessed 18/1/

33 Prosperity Theme: Human Capital Percentage of pupils at the end of KS 4 achieving 5 + GCSEs or equivalent at grades A* to C (including English and Mathematics) Table 2.3 c: Percentage of pupils at the end of Key Stage 4 achieving 5 or more GCSEs or equivalent at grades A* to C (including English and Mathematics) Area % 65.7% 58.2% 61.8% 60.0% Best Borough in the North average 58.7% 60.3% 55.9% 55.8% 56.2% 60.4% 62.4% 56.6% 56.1% 55.7% Fig 2.3 c: Percentage of pupils at the end of KS 4 achieving 5 or more GCSEs or equivalent at grades A* to C (inc English & Mathematics) 70.0% 65.0% 60.0% 55.0% 50.0% Best Borough in the North average 45.0% Data source: LG Inform, GCSE achieved (5a*-c including English and Maths)[ID: 3] accessed 18/1/