I n t r o d u c t i o n
|
|
- Scarlett McCoy
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 I n t r o d u c t i o n At present, 80 per cent of the global population does not enjoy a set of social guarantees that enable them to live a life in dignity and deal with life s risks. Ensuring basic social protection for these people, many of whom are struggling just to survive, is a necessity. The United Nations Social Protection Floor Initiative promotes universal access to essential social transfers and services. Since the onset of the global financial and economic crisis, people around the world have faced lower incomes and fewer employment and livelihood opportunities as well as reduced access to social services, benefits, remittances and credit. While some voices already declare the end of the crisis, experts agree that we are now only starting to feel its social consequences. The Secretary-General of the United Nations requested that urgent attention be given to the social impacts of the current global financial and economic crisis. On 5 April 2009, the High Level Committee on Programmes of the United Nations Chief Executives Board on Coordination committed to decisive and urgent multilateral action to address the global crisis through the deployment of all United Nations resources and its capacity to respond rapidly and effectively. An inter-agency agreement was reached on nine joint initiatives, among them the Social Protection Floor Initiative. This Initiative considers the provision of essential services and transfers for all individuals in need of protection in an effort to prevent them from falling into abject poverty or to assist them out of poverty. The agreed objective of the Social Protection Floor Initiative is to support policies and activities that extend countries social protection systems and basic social services in line with the needs of their population, especially poor and vulnerable groups, through an integrated approach that responds to the current crisis contexts as well as to countries longer-term development needs 13
2 14 VOLUME 18: SUCCESSFUL SOCIAL PROTECTION FLOOR EXPERIENCES and perspectives. The related working definition of the social protection floor was agreed as guarantees that secure the availability and provision of and effective access to an essential level of quality social protection goods and services to all. On the supply side, this includes availability of quality health services, education services, water, sanitation, housing, food, and life- and asset-saving information. On the demand side, people are empowered to access these services through rights-based entitlements of in-kind or cash transfers. A key aspect of the social protection floor (SPF) concept is the holistic approach of looking simultaneously at supply- and demand-side factors for a range of social protection goods and services across the life cycle and for all population groups. This does not mean that countries should immediately start to establish schemes for all target groups and elements of the floor. Rather, a careful analysis of capacities, needs and existing schemes already in place will enable a rationalization of the policymaking process for a gradual building up of the social protection floor. The holistic approach is intended to facilitate the prioritization and sequencing of the different elements of the floor. Every country in the world will already have some elements of the social protection floor in place and provide certain levels of benefits for (parts of) the population, sometimes through contributory schemes, sometimes also non-contributory schemes. Additionally, there are traditional and informal social protection elements that need support to be sustained. Also, many countries are currently being supported by different United Nations agencies to improve the delivery of social transfers and services as defined in the social protection floor framework. The Social Protection Floor Initiative builds on and does not crowd out these efforts that countries and United Nations agencies are undertaking, providing a holistic framework for the improved coordination and impact. The social protection floor is emphasizing the importance for people of standing on a solid floor of living a life with dignity and investing in their skills and development to climb up to higher levels of well-being. The social protection floor is not a ceiling of benefits or an alternative to statutory social security schemes that are based on contributions and provide higher benefit levels. Rather, statutory social security schemes and social protection floor benefits are mutually reinforcing and depend on one another: without a basic level of investment in health, education, nutrition, etc., workers will not reach the skill level required to be employed in the formal economy. If, however, a social protection floor guarantees that everyone in a society will enjoy this basic level of social services and transfers, more people will be able to enter the formal economy and statutory social security schemes, which is important for their sustainability since risks will be pooled over a larger population. On the other hand, budgets for social protection floor benefits are politically easier to defend and financially easier to sustain, the larger the population that moves into formal employment. The social protection floor is on the global development agenda. For example, Economic and Social Council Resolution 2010/12 adopted by the Commission for Social Development in February 2010 urges Governments, with the cooperation of relevant entities, to develop systems of social protection and to extend or broaden, as appropriate, their effectiveness and
3 Introduction 15 coverage, including for workers in the informal economy, recognizing the need for social protection systems. The September 2010 MDG Summit outcome document, Keeping the promise, states that promoting universal access to social services and providing social protection floors can make an important contribution to consolidating and achieving further development gains (para. 51). 1 Many developing countries have already successfully taken measures to introduce elements of national social protection floors. A key strength of the social protection floor approach is that it does not start from scratch but with a careful analysis and stocktaking of existing structures and strengths and weaknesses of schemes and programmes in place. Building on the national social protection system by improving coordination of different activities, exploring synergies and increasing efficiency will free resources for extending social protection to those currently not covered. Impact of Social Protection Floor Programmes A number of programmes have demonstrated that the impact of the social protection floor on poverty can be dramatic. Among the programmes that have been evaluated and analysed in detail are the Universal Child Allowance in Argentina, Renta Dignidad in Bolivia, Bolsa Família and the Rural Social Insurance Programme in Brazil, the General System of Social Security in Health in Colombia, the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme in India, programmes of the Ministry of Social Development (SEDESOL) in Mexico, the Vision 2020 Umurenge Programme in Rwanda, the Child Support Grant in South Africa and the Universal Coverage Scheme in Thailand. Social protection programmes in the global South: Examples of assessed impact. Country Programme Type Coverage Impact Argentina Asignación Universal por Hijo (AUH) Universal child allowance 85% of Argentine children 85% of Argentine children Reduced poverty (-22%) and extreme poverty (-42%); Positive impact on household income (for poorest households income almost doubled, for poor households income increased by 30%); Reduction in income distribution gap. Bolivia (Plurinational State of ) Renta Dignidad Universal old-age pension (noncontributory) 800,000 beneficiaries (97% of total eligible beneficiaries) 5.8% reduction in extreme poverty between 2007 and 2009 (especially in rural areas). 1 United Nations General Assembly, Draft resolution referred to the High-Level Plenary Meeting of the General Assembly by the General Assembly at its sixty-fourth session (document A/65/L.1, 17 September 2010).
4 16 VOLUME 18: SUCCESSFUL SOCIAL PROTECTION FLOOR EXPERIENCES Social protection programmes in the global South: Examples of assessed impact (cont d.). Country Programme Type Coverage Impact Brazil Bolsa Família Conditional cash transfer 26% of the population Reduced the poverty gap by 12% between 2001 and 2005; Contributed one third to the decline in income inequality over the last decade. Brazil Rural Social Insurance Programme Non-contributory pension and disability programme for the rural poor 80% of agricultural workers - 66% of rural population Reduction of 4 million poor people (53.5% of the rural population was still poor but this figure would have jumped to 68.1%); Reduction of 4.1 million indigent people (26.1% of the rural population was indigent in 2008, but without social transfers it would have been 41.3%). Colombia India Mexico The General System of Social Security in Health Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme Oportunidades (Human Development Programme) Rwanda Vision 2020 Umurenge Programme South Africa Thailand Child Support Grant Universal Coverage Scheme Universal health coverage Wage employment programme Conditional cash transfer Public works, direct support and financial services Means-tested non-contributory cash transfer Universal health care 90% of the population 52.5 million households 25% of the population 9,692 households benefited from direct support transfers 78,004 benefited from public works 10 million children - take-up rate ranges between 78% and 80% of the children who are eligible 80% of the population Facilitated the use of health services, especially among the poorest population and the rural population; Reduced poverty by more than 2% and inequality by more than 3%. Increase in minimum wages for agricultural labourers; Decreased out-migration from villages; Women s empowerment; Positive impact on the geographical-ecological environment. Positive effects on: Education in rural areas: including increase in attainment; Health: including increased preventive medical check-ups, 11% reduction in maternal mortality and 2% reduction in infant mortality; Nutrition: including increase in the absolute height of children and families increased total consumption. Ongoing evaluations: Reduced poverty; Contributed to improvements in human poverty dimensions (such as education, health, food security and nutrition), community asset development, the environment and social participation. Reduced the poverty gap by 28.3%; Reduction of income inequality (all three social grants old-age pension, disability grants, child support grant lower the Gini coefficient by 3%.) 88,000 households in 2008 were prevented from falling below the poverty line; Increased access to care; Increased quality of care.
5 Introduction 17 Social Protection Is a Human Right Social protection has its roots in international instruments. For instance, Article 25 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights states that Everyone has the right to a standard of living adequate for the health and well-being of himself and of his family, including food, clothing, housing and medical care and necessary social services, and the right to security in the event of unemployment, sickness, disability, widowhood, old age or other lack of livelihood in circumstances beyond his control. It is also stipulated in article 22 of the Declaration that everyone has rights to social security and social protection. Social Protection Is a Social Necessity A minimum of income security and access to services is the material basis for the functioning of families and households, which in turn provides the basis for social cohesion that is pivotal for the peaceful functioning of societies and States. There is ample evidence from European countries but also from developing countries with elements of the social protection floor in place such as Brazil, Mexico or South Africa that national social protection systems are effectively reducing poverty and inequality. In Mexico, the poverty gap was reduced by 30 per cent and the headcount poverty rate by 17 per cent by the Oportunidades programme between 1997 and In Brazil, the Bolsa Família programme accounted for 16 per cent of the recent drop in extreme poverty. Evidence from studies on the impact of basic social transfers in 30 developing countries has indicated not only substantial effects on poverty reduction and inequality but also on the improvement of social development indicators such as school enrolment and health and nutritional status. In some countries, cash transfers have also helped to reduce child labour, provide access to labour markets, improve social status and promote gender equality by strengthening the social status of women in households and communities. Social Protection Is an Economic Investment Without investment in a basic social protection floor, countries will not be able to develop the full productive potential of their population. People who are vulnerable due to poverty, ill health, lack of education, social exclusion, etc. struggle to make investments in their future or their children s future and are at a constant risk of being affected by the next shock. Evidence from developing countries demonstrates that social protection empowers people to invest in productive activities and engage more in the labour market, stimulates local economies (including important counter-cyclical effects such as stabilizing aggregate demand in times of crisis) and has a positive impact on human capital with long-term productivity gains. For example, through social transfers, health insurance and family support policies, social protection has been shown to encourage labourmarket participation in low- and middle-income countries by guaranteeing public works
6 18 VOLUME 18: SUCCESSFUL SOCIAL PROTECTION FLOOR EXPERIENCES opportunities, covering the costs of job-seeking and supporting family childcare responsibilities with strong effects for women in particular. Public works programmes can also build relevant public goods and infrastructure in local communities, contributing to growth (see, for example, the Indian case study, The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act ). Social insurance can overcome market failures, contributing to efficiency by enabling households to use their resources more effectively, and encouraging the risk-taking and innovation essential for growth. 2 Only if people can move out of low-productivity and subsistence-level activities can an economy grow. Higher incomes can also help to generate tax revenues for the financing of a social protection system, permitting the necessary infrastructure and services to be further enhanced creating a virtuous cycle that can help to achieve higher levels of welfare and growth. A social protection floor is thus a necessary condition for a successful fight against persistent levels of low productivity and informality. Lessons learned from previous crises (such as the Asian crisis of the 1990s) and the current financial and economic crisis have shown that only if systemic, longer-term social protection measures are in place is it possible to effectively cushion the impacts of economic downturns. Social protection is thus a mechanism for making growth pro-poor and inclusive. Affordability and Sustainability Social protection programmes, properly designed and delivered, can be affordable in a range of social, demographic, and economic conditions. The case studies that follow present country-level evidence from the developing world that some components of the social protection floor are already being implemented and are proving to be affordable in countries at different levels of income and development. The Bolsa Família programme in Brazil is the biggest social transfer scheme in the world, presently covering 50 million people at a cost of about 0.4 per cent of gross domestic product (GDP). South Africa has also extended the coverage of its child grant system substantially, reaching 10 million poor children in 2010 at a cost of 3.4 per cent of GDP, demonstrating the high political priority and government commitment to social protection. In India, the 100- day National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme has been rolled out nationwide, and a new act mandates the extension of basic social security coverage to about 52.5 million households not covered previously. Social protection programmes have also been successful in sub-saharan Africa, whether in middle-income stable countries or in low-income post-conflict fragile countries, such as Rwanda. Currently countries at the same level of national income per capita spend very different shares of their resources on social protection. The difference in social spend- 2 Ravallion, M. (2006), Transfers and Safety Nets in Poor Countries: Revisiting the Trade-offs and Policy Options. In Understanding Poverty, A. Banerjee, R. Benabou and D. Mookerjee, eds. New York: Oxford University Press.
7 Introduction 19 ing between countries at the same level of economic development amounts to up to 15 per cent of their national incomes. Thus fiscal space can be created for social protection, even at low levels of GDP, assuming that there is the political will to do it. The measures needed to increase fiscal space are different for each country, ranging from increasing the effectiveness of a country s tax and contribution collection mechanism to broadening the tax base or modifying taxation design. Countries can grow with equity, i.e., providing some form of social protection from the early stages of their economic development. There is evidence that economic growth that does not include a concept for equity and equality is not sustainable in the long term. In countries that have experienced high growth rates over the past several years, for example China, the social protection floor is crucial for securing and distributing the growth benefits and social progress that have been acquired and for preventing any future shock from pushing the economy backwards. Emerging economies such as China are already facing enormous demographic and social challenges that can be addressed only through an extension and a better coordination of social protection policies. For example, massive internal migration accentuates the effects of a rapidly ageing population on the dependency ratios in certain provinces, which raises the issue of coping with old-age dependency in a country that has no universal old-age minimum revenue or pension system. Unless a minimum level of social protection is provided to all, the increasing inequalities that have been associated with high growth rates in emerging economies over the past several decades will threaten economic and social stability. In this light, the Chinese Rural New Cooperative Medical Scheme targeted to rural residents, which is explained in this volume, is a major step towards more balanced and sustainable economic development. It is vital not to forget that affordability is a function of a society's willingness to finance social transfers through taxes and contributions. Therefore, no analysis can be separated from the adequacy (in terms of impacts) and the viability of the programme. Affordability relates to fiscal space and international aid, but also to political choices. The political commitment and incentives for leaders have been the key to almost all successful social protection schemes. At the same time, the resources committed need to be used effectively. A generous budget allocation for social protection financing is not going to produce the desired results without putting in place a sound implementation structure at all levels and for all areas: processes for the information and education of rights and obligations under a certain scheme, the membership registration and management, the service delivery, the monitoring and evaluation, the financial management and other matters need to be carefully designed and staff need to be trained to carry out these tasks. The institutional and administrative capacity must thus be adequate. Social protection programmes further
8 20 VOLUME 18: SUCCESSFUL SOCIAL PROTECTION FLOOR EXPERIENCES require interministerial and inter-sectoral capacity-building and teamwork since they tend to function better when in synergy with other social and economic policies. Innovative Experiences in the South There is no best solution or one-size-fits-all formula. Each country has different needs, development objectives and the fiscal capacity to achieve them and will choose a different set of policies. A country will have to establish minimum performance standards of national social protection policies by seeking to ascertain that all people have a right to social transfers that guarantee effective access to a minimum set of goods and services and hence allow a life in dignity for all. By presenting a comprehensive and integrated approach that exploits the complementarities of policies addressing different but related areas, the social protection floor goes beyond a list of development objectives to be achieved. It provides a framework for exploring synergies across sectors and setting priorities, thus avoiding a compartmentalized view of how to achieve progress without taking the holistic picture into account. Some of the schemes described in the case studies contained in this volume are already being shared. For example the Oportunidades programme in Mexico, Bolsa Família in Brazil and the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act in India have contributed to exchanges of information with countries in different regions of the world. Some countries are going through the first stages of developing a social protection floor. Burkina Faso is reforming its social protection mechanisms to implement universal health coverage following in the successful footsteps of Ghana and Rwanda. Other countries have already gone further in developing social protection schemes. For example, Bolivia in 2008 created a universal non-contributory pension for all people 60 years of age and over, financed by a share of the special hydrocarbon tax and dividends from capitalized public enterprises. Finally, other countries have been able to capitalize on their own experience with social protection in order to improve their social protection systems following the logic of the social protection floor concept. The case of Chile shows how a country constantly adjusts its social protection system in light of different social, economic, political, demographic and intellectual developments. Indeed, the logic of combating widespread poverty through emergency policies targeting the most vulnerable is being progressively replaced in Chile by a logic oriented towards guaranteeing and extending rights to the entire population and institutionalizing essential social protection policies. Building a social protection floor is an incremental process; access to essential health services is generally a top priority at the starting point. Burkina Faso and Rwanda, for example, have begun to develop a pluralistic approach, based on the synergy between
9 Introduction 21 traditional mechanisms of social security, micro-insurance and social transfers. The mechanisms of social insurance, micro-insurance and free care often already exist in a fragmented and sometimes competing fashion and cannot individually solve the challenge of extending social protection. It is thus indispensible to coordinate these elements to ensure efficient coordination and complementarity instead of wasteful fragmentation and competition. The principles of universality, progressiveness and pluralism underpin the overall construction of the social protection floor. They also rely on the two dimensions of the social protection floor: vertically, they generate investment in human capital that will enable people to move out of a vicious poverty cycle and low-productivity activities into formal employment and self-financing, contributory, higher-level social security benefits, and horizontally, they promote the right of everyone to a minimum level of social protection. Innovative financing mechanisms could also play an important role in the future. Some countries do not have the resources necessary to build a social protection floor in the short term. These countries will need to call for external solidarity in order to take the first steps towards this goal. The concept of the social protection floor is rights-based but it leaves a maximum of flexibility for national adaptation with respect to how and through which entitlements transfers in cash and in kind are organized. What is important is that everyone who is in need of protection can access essential goods and social services and essential social transfers. The concept thus sets minimum standards with respect to the access, scope and level of social protection provided by national social protection systems rather than prescribing their specific architecture.
10 22 VOLUME 18: SUCCESSFUL SOCIAL PROTECTION FLOOR EXPERIENCES
Executive summary. Universal social protection to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals
Executive summary Universal social protection to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals 2017 19 Universal social protection to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals Executive summary Social protection,
More informationSocial Protection and Decent Work: Commitments for Prosperity
Social Protection and Decent Work: Commitments for Prosperity The General Secretariat of the Organization of American States (GS/OAS) and the International Labour Organization (ILO) Regional Office for
More informationGOVERNMENT OF SOUTHERN SUDAN MINISTRY OF GENDER, SOCIAL WELFARE AND RELIGIOUS AFFAIRS 2009 SOCIAL SECURITY POLICY
GOVERNMENT OF SOUTHERN SUDAN MINISTRY OF GENDER, SOCIAL WELFARE AND RELIGIOUS AFFAIRS 2009 SOCIAL SECURITY POLICY Introduction The Ministry of Gender, Social Welfare and Religious Affairs has been mandated
More informationSocial Protection: An Indispensable Tool for a New Social Contract
Social Protection: An Indispensable Tool for a New Social Contract Rethinking Social Protection in the Arab Region Amman, 13-15 May 2014 Isabel Ortiz Director Social Protection Department International
More informationSocial pensions in the context of an integrated strategy to expand coverage: The ILO position
Social pensions in the context of an integrated strategy to expand coverage: The ILO position Krzysztof Hagemejer Social Security Department 1 The context: Social security is a human right Universal Declaration
More informationCouncil conclusions on the EU role in Global Health. 3011th FOREIGN AFFAIRS Council meeting Brussels, 10 May 2010
COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION Council conclusions on the EU role in Global Health 3011th FOREIGN AFFAIRS Council meeting Brussels, 10 May 2010 The Council adopted the following conclusions: 1. The Council
More informationGlobal Campaign on the extension of Social Security for all. Luis Frota, STEP Programme ILO Social Security Department Turin, 27 November 2007
Global Campaign on the extension of Social Security for all Luis Frota, STEP Programme ILO Social Security Department Turin, 27 November 2007 Global Campaign on Social Security for all TOPICS The Global
More informationCombating Poverty and Inequality: What role for social protection?
Combating Poverty and Inequality: What role for social protection? Sarah Cook Director, UNRISD Asia Public Policy Forum, Jakarta 28-30, May 2013 Outline The rise of social protection Historical and comparative
More informationPreamble. Having been convened at Geneva by the Governing Body of the International Labour Office, and having met in its 101st
R202 - Social Protection Floors Recommendation, 2012 (No. 202) Recommendation concerning National Floors of Social ProtectionAdoption: Geneva, 101st ILC session (14 Jun 2012) - Status: Upto-date instrument.
More informationWorld Social Security Report 2010/11 Providing coverage in times of crisis and beyond
Executive Summary World Social Security Report 2010/11 Providing coverage in times of crisis and beyond The World Social Security Report 2010/11 is the first in a series of reports on social security coverage
More informationA SHARED MISSION FOR UNIVERSAL SOCIAL PROTECTION Concept Note
A SHARED MISSION FOR UNIVERSAL SOCIAL PROTECTION Concept Note In the early 21st century, we are proud to endorse the consensus that has emerged that social protection is a primary development priority.
More informationSocial Protection Floor an update on ILO and international agenda
Social Protection Floor an update on ILO and international agenda Krzysztof Hagemejer Social Security Department December 7, 2010 1 Structure of the presentation Need for social security, right to social
More information9644/10 YML/ln 1 DG E II
COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION Brussels, 10 May 2010 9644/10 DEVGEN 154 ACP 142 PTOM 21 FIN 192 RELEX 418 SAN 107 NOTE from: General Secretariat dated: 10 May 2010 No. prev. doc.: 9505/10 Subject: Council
More informationOpen Working Group on Sustainable Development Goals. Statistical Note on Poverty Eradication 1. (Updated draft, as of 12 February 2014)
Open Working Group on Sustainable Development Goals Statistical Note on Poverty Eradication 1 (Updated draft, as of 12 February 2014) 1. Main policy issues, potential goals and targets While the MDG target
More informationThe need to include a rights-based approach to Social Protection in the Post-2015 Development Agenda
HAUT-COMMISSARIAT AUX DROITS DE L HOMME OFFICE OF THE HIGH COMMISSIONER FOR HUMAN RIGHTS PALAIS DES NATIONS 1211 GENEVA 10, SWITZERLAND www.ohchr.org TEL: +41 22 917 9000 FAX: +41 22 917 9008 E-MAIL: srextremepoverty
More informationFACT SHEET - LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN
Progress of the World s Women: Transforming economies, realizing rights documents the ways in which current economic and social policies are failing women in rich and poor countries alike, and asks, what
More informationIOE COMMENTS CEACR GENERAL SURVEY 2019: ILO Social Protection Floors Recommendation, 2012 (No. 202)
Geneva, 12 October 2018 Committee of Experts on the Application of Conventions and Recommendations (CEACR) International Labour Office (ILO) 4, Route de Morillons 1211 Geneva 22 IOE COMMENTS CEACR GENERAL
More informationSocial protection for equitable development
Social protection for equitable development BMZ PAPER 09 2017 POSITION PAPER Social protection for equitable development BMZ PAPER 09 2017 POSITION PAPER 2 Table of contents THE CHALLENGE 3 1 SOCIAL PROTECTION
More informationA Lost Decade for Equality, Development and Human Rights? Assessing austerity and its alternatives 10 years after the global financial crisis
A Lost Decade for Equality, Development and Human Rights? Assessing austerity and its alternatives 10 years after the global financial crisis Isabel Ortiz, Director Social Protection International Labour
More informationIs a social security floor affordable?
Is a social security floor affordable? Krzysztof Hagemejer, Karuna Pal, Christina Behrendt, Florian Léger, Florence Bonnet, Suguru Misonoya, Veronika Wodsak, Griet Cattaert, Michael Cichon Social Security
More informationLabour and productive inclusion policies and programmes A regional experience
Labour and productive inclusion policies and programmes A regional experience Simone Cecchini Social Development Division Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) Expert Group Meeting
More informationPROMOTING INCLUSION THROUGH SOCIAL PROTECTION
PROMOTING INCLUSION THROUGH SOCIAL PROTECTION Report on the World Social Situation 2018 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY xv Executive summary Universal social protection is a potent development policy tool that can alleviate
More informationFinancing Social Security
Financing Social Security Conference hosted by DGVN and GTZ Social Security Systems in Developing and Newly Industrialised Countries: Utopia or Strategy for Keeping Peace and Fighting Poverty? 18-19 September
More informationRegional Seminar Rethinking social protection in a changing Arab region
Regional Seminar Rethinking social protection in a changing Arab region Session 2: The Social Protection Floor and its relevance for the Arab region 13-15 May 2014 Le Meridien Hotel, Amman - Jordan Ursula
More informationTHE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS AND SOCIAL PROTECTION
THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS AND SOCIAL PROTECTION Ms Nelisiwe Vilakazi Acting Director General- Ministry of Social Development REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA Global Practitioners Learning Event Oaxaca,
More informationKEY CHALLENGES FOR ERRADICATING POVERTY AND OVERCOMING INEQUALITIES: Alicia Bárcena
KEY CHALLENGES FOR ERRADICATING POVERTY AND OVERCOMING INEQUALITIES: A LATIN AMERICAN AND CARIBBEAN PERSPECTIVE INTERAGENCY REPORT: ECLAC, ILO, FAO, UNESCO, PAHO/WHO, UNDP, UNEP, UNICEF, UNFPA, WFP, UN-HABITAT,
More informationFINANCIAL AND ECONOMIC CRISIS: SOCIAL NGOs PROPOSALS FOR A EUROPEAN RECOVERY PLAN. 19 November 2008
FINANCIAL AND ECONOMIC CRISIS: SOCIAL NGOs PROPOSALS FOR A EUROPEAN RECOVERY PLAN 19 November 2008 In this document the Social Platform, the largest coalition of European Social NGOs, outline actions that
More informationInternational Monetary and Financial Committee
International Monetary and Financial Committee Thirty-Third Meeting April 16, 2016 IMFC Statement by Guy Ryder Director-General International Labour Organization Urgent Action Needed to Break Out of Slow
More information2018 report of the Inter-agency Task Force Overview
2018 report of the Inter-agency Task Force Overview In 2017, most types of development financing flows increased, amid progress across all the action areas of the Addis Ababa Action Agenda (hereafter,
More informationImpact of Economic Crises on Health Outcomes & Health Financing. Pablo Gottret Lead HD Economist, SASHD The World Bank March, 2009
Impact of Economic Crises on Health Outcomes & Health Financing Pablo Gottret Lead HD Economist, SASHD The World Bank March, 2009 Outline How bad is the current crisis How does the current crisis compare
More informationResolution adopted by the General Assembly. [on the report of the Second Committee (A/67/435/Add.3)]
United Nations General Assembly Distr.: General 12 February 2013 Sixty-seventh session Agenda item 18 (c) Resolution adopted by the General Assembly [on the report of the Second Committee (A/67/435/Add.3)]
More informationUniversal Social Protection. to Achieve the SDGs
Universal Social Protection to Achieve the SDGs Michal Rutkowski Senior Director, Social Protection, Labor and Jobs World Bank Group Launch of the New Global Partnership for Universal Social Protection
More informationAnti-Poverty in China: Minimum Livelihood Guarantee Scheme
National University of Singapore From the SelectedWorks of Jiwei QIAN Winter December 2, 2013 Anti-Poverty in China: Minimum Livelihood Guarantee Scheme Jiwei QIAN Available at: https://works.bepress.com/jiwei-qian/20/
More informationSocial Protection and Labour Markets in MICs: Emerging paradigms
Social Protection and Labour Markets in MICs: Emerging paradigms Armando Barrientos, Brooks World Poverty Institute, University of Manchester, UK a.barrientos@manchester.ac.uk Common Challenges, Multiple
More informationThe World Bank in Pensions Executive Summary
The World Bank in Pensions Executive Summary Forthcoming Background Paper for the World Bank 2012 2022 Social Protection and Labor Strategy Mark Dorfman and Robert Palacios March 2012 JEL Codes: I38 welfare
More informationPROMOTING INCLUSION THROUGH SOCIAL PROTECTION
PROMOTING INCLUSION THROUGH SOCIAL PROTECTION Report on the World Social Situation 2017 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Executive Summary Universal social protection is a potent development policy tool that can alleviate
More informationExecutive Summary. Trends in Inequality: Globally and Nationally. How inequality constraints growth
Trends in Inequality: Globally and Nationally Global inequalities remain unacceptably high at Gini coeffi cient of 0.70 as a measure of dispersion of income across the whole population. Though there is
More informationFiscal Policy and the Ethno- Racial Divide: Bolivia, Brazil and Uruguay
Fiscal Policy and the Ethno- Racial Divide: Bolivia, Brazil and Uruguay Nora Lustig Tulane University Inter-American Development Bank Washington, DC, November 21, 2013 Commitment to Equity (CEQ) www.commitmentoequity.org
More informationFiscal Space for Social Protection: Harmonization of Contributory and Non-Contributory programmes
socialprotection.org presents the Fiscal Space for Social Protection: Knowledge Sharing Initiative Webinar Series Continuing with: Fiscal Space for Social Protection: Harmonization of Contributory and
More informationA/HRC/17/37/Add.2. General Assembly. United Nations
United Nations General Assembly Distr.: General 18 May 2011 A/HRC/17/37/Add.2 English only Human Rights Council Seventeenth session Agenda item 3 Promotion and protection of all human rights, civil, political,
More informationTHE NATIONAL SOCIAL PROTECTION STRATEGY (NSPS): INVESTING IN PEOPLE GOVERNMENT OF GHANA. Ministry of Manpower, Youth and Employment (MMYE) 2008
THE NATIONAL SOCIAL PROTECTION STRATEGY (NSPS): INVESTING IN PEOPLE GOVERNMENT OF GHANA Ministry of Manpower, Youth and Employment (MMYE) 2008 GHANA DELEGATION GHANA OVERVIEW WHAT IS THE NSPS: Finalized
More informationRealizing a Human Right: A social protection floor for all
Realizing a Human Right: A social protection floor for all Michael Cichon Social Security Department 31 August 2009 1 Structure of the presentation One: The Human right to social security and the ILO mandate,
More informationJust Give Money to the Poor
Just Give Money to the Poor The Development Revolution from the Global South Armando Barrientos and David Hulme Brooks World Poverty Institute University of Manchester, U.K. The book s core message Direct
More informationOverview of social protection
Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Overview of social protection Laura Rawlings, World Bank Pensions Social Safety Nets Core Course April 2016 1 d Outline
More informationSocial Policy for Inclusive Development & Productive Transformation. Katja Hujo Research Coordinator, UNRISD
Social Policy for Inclusive Development & Productive Transformation Katja Hujo Research Coordinator, UNRISD Social Policy for Inclusive Development & Productive Transformation Katja Hujo UNCTAD Expert
More informationResolution adopted by the General Assembly. [on the report of the Second Committee (A/66/438/Add.3)]
United Nations A/RES/66/189 General Assembly Distr.: General 14 February 2012 Sixty-sixth session Agenda item 17 (c) Resolution adopted by the General Assembly [on the report of the Second Committee (A/66/438/Add.3)]
More informationThe 21 st Century Indian City: Toward being slum free? Social protection for the urban poor
The 21 st Century Indian City: Toward being slum free? Social protection for the urban poor Why is social protection needed? Slum free = Poverty free (necessary but not sufficient condition) Poverty free
More informationUN-OHRLLS COUNTRY-LEVEL PREPARATIONS
UN-OHRLLS COMPREHENSIVE HIGH-LEVEL MIDTERM REVIEW OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE ISTANBUL PROGRAMME OF ACTION FOR THE LDCS FOR THE DECADE 2011-2020 COUNTRY-LEVEL PREPARATIONS ANNOTATED OUTLINE FOR THE NATIONAL
More informationQ&A THE MALAWI SOCIAL CASH TRANSFER PILOT
Q&A THE MALAWI SOCIAL CASH TRANSFER PILOT 2> HOW DO YOU DEFINE SOCIAL PROTECTION? Social protection constitutes of policies and practices that protect and promote the livelihoods and welfare of the poorest
More informationSOCIAL PROTECTION IN SOUTH CENTRAL SOMALIA. The findings of a feasibility study October 2013 January 2014
SOCIAL PROTECTION IN SOUTH CENTRAL SOMALIA The findings of a feasibility study October 2013 January 2014 Introduction Assess whether aspects of a formal social protection system might provide a better
More informationThank you for this extraordinary opportunity. I highly appreciate your hospitality and interest!
Statement by Ms Michelle Bachelet Under-Secretary-General for UN-Women Chair of the Social Protection Floor Advisory Group President of Chile (2006 2010) Hanoi, 14 October 2010 Minister of Labour, Invalids
More informationTenth meeting of the Working Group on Education for All (EFA) Concept paper on the Impact of the Economic and Financial Crisis on Education 1
Tenth meeting of the Working Group on Education for All (EFA) Concept paper on the Impact of the Economic and Financial Crisis on Education 1 Paris, 9-11 December 2009 1. Introduction The global financial
More informationSocial Protection for All and Protecting People and Employment: A Path to Sustainable Development DR. ANDRÉ VINCENT HENRY
Social Protection for All and Protecting People and Employment: A Path to Sustainable Development CEC/ CCL 2ND REGIONAL BIPARTITE MEETING HYAT T REGENCY HOTEL PORT OF SPAIN, TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO 26-29 SEPTEMBER
More informationThe need to include a rights-based approach to Social Protection in the Post 2015 Development Agenda
HAUT-COMMISSARIAT AUX DROITS DE L HOMME OFFICE OF THE HIGH COMMISSIONER FOR HUMAN RIGHTS PALAIS DES NATIONS 1211 GENEVA 10, SWITZERLAND www.ohchr.org TEL: +41 22 917 9000 FAX: +41 22 917 9008 E-MAIL: registry@ohchr.org
More informationLaunch of the 2019 Financing for Sustainable Development Report
Launch of the 2019 Development Report Tientip Subhanij T Foreign Correspondents Club Bangkok, Thailand 10 April 2019 Inter agency Task Force on Financing for Development Selected Messages from the 2019
More informationSTRATEGIC FRAMEWORK. Isabel Ortiz, Associate Director, UNICEF New York, 3 July
Social Protection SOCIAL PROTECTION STRATEGIC FRAMEWORK Isabel Ortiz, Associate Director, UNICEF New York, 3 July 2012 1 UNICEF work on social protection UNICEF is engaged in more than 124 social protection
More informationStatement. H.E. Mr. Cheick Sidi Diarra
Please check against delivery Statement by H.E. Mr. Cheick Sidi Diarra Under-Secretary-General Special Adviser on Africa and High Representative for the Least Developed Countries, Landlocked Developing
More informationAll social security systems are income transfer
Scope of social security coverage around the world: Context and overview 2 All social security systems are income transfer schemes that are fuelled by income generated by national economies, mainly by
More informationSocial protection: coverage, affordability, financing options. Valerie Schmitt, ILO
Social protection: coverage, affordability, financing options Valerie Schmitt, ILO Structure Social protection in the 2030 Agenda & ILO s vision (horizontal and vertical coverage) What is the social protection
More informationTD/505. United Nations Conference on Trade and Development. Declaration of the Least Developed Countries. United Nations
United Nations United Nations Conference on Trade and Development Distr.: General 18 July 2016 Original: English TD/505 Fourteenth session Nairobi 17 22 July 2016 Declaration of the Least Developed Countries
More informationSocial Protection Strategy of Vietnam, : 2020: New concept and approach. Hanoi, 14 October, 2010
Social Protection Strategy of Vietnam, 2011-2020: 2020: New concept and approach Hanoi, 14 October, 2010 Ministry of Labour,, Invalids and Social Affairs A. Labour Market Indicators 1. Total population,
More informationEU FUNDING PROGRAMMES IN THE FIELD OF DEVELOPMENT AID
EU FUNDING PROGRAMMES IN THE FIELD OF DEVELOPMENT AID EU FORDERUNG FUR MIGRANTEN ORGANISATIONEN UND TRAGER DER PARTICIPATIONS UND INTEGRATIONS ARBEIT IN BERLIN MOVE GLOBAL 25 October 2014, Berlin About
More informationExtending social security: an ILO Perspective. Valerie Schmitt, 11 October 2010
Extending social security: an ILO Perspective Valerie Schmitt, 11 October 2010 Decent Work for All ASIAN DECENT WORK DECADE 2006-2015 Structure ILO mandate Definitions: social security / social protection
More informationIncome threshold, PPP$ a day $ billion
Highlights Ending poverty by 23 Extreme poverty can be ended by 23. The UN Secretary- General s High-Level Panel and subsequent reports have all called for eradicating extreme poverty from the face of
More informationSOCIAL PROTECTION STRATEGIC FRAMEWORK
Social Protection SOCIAL PROTECTION STRATEGIC FRAMEWORK Isabel Ortiz, Associate Director, UNICEF Brussels, 6 June 2012 1 Presentation Overview UNICEF and Social Protection UNICEF s Social Protection Strategic
More informationGrowth, investment and jobs: The international financial dimension. Working Party on the Social Dimension of Globalization November 14th, 2005
Growth, investment and jobs: The international financial dimension Working Party on the Social Dimension of Globalization November 14th, 2005 Growth, investment and jobs At times of global economic integration,
More informationHow would an expansion of IDA reduce poverty and further other development goals?
Measuring IDA s Effectiveness Key Results How would an expansion of IDA reduce poverty and further other development goals? We first tackle the big picture impact on growth and poverty reduction and then
More informationGood Practices in Anti-Poverty Family- Focused Policies and Programmes in Africa: Examples and Lessons Learnt
Good Practices in Anti-Poverty Family- Focused Policies and Programmes in Africa: Examples and Lessons Learnt Zitha Mokomane, Human Sciences Research Council of South Africa Social science that makes a
More informationSocial Protection. Panel on Eradicating poverty as a foremost objective of institutions and policies across the SDGs
Social Protection Panel on Eradicating poverty as a foremost objective of institutions and policies across the SDGs Expert meeting for HLPF 2017 United Nations, Vienna, 14 December 2016 Isabel Ortiz Director
More informationDeclaration of the Least Developed Countries Ministerial Meeting at UNCTAD XIII
United Nations United Nations Conference on Trade and Development Distr.: General 20 April 2012 Original: English TD/462 Thirteenth session Doha, Qatar 21 26 April 2012 Declaration of the Least Developed
More informationRolling out national social protection floors
4 April 2017 Committee of Experts on Public Administration Sixteenth session, 24-28 April 2017 Item 3 (e) of the provisional agenda Strategies for integrated action to achieve poverty eradication: implications
More informationPopulation living on less than $1 a day
Partners in Transforming Development: New Approaches to Developing Country-Owned Poverty Reduction Strategies An Emerging Global Consensus A turn-of-the-century review of the fight against poverty reveals
More informationBACKGROUND PAPER ON COUNTRY STRATEGIC PLANS
BACKGROUND PAPER ON COUNTRY STRATEGIC PLANS Informal Consultation 7 December 2015 World Food Programme Rome, Italy PURPOSE 1. This update of the country strategic planning approach summarizes the process
More informationELR as an Alternative Development Strategy
ELR as an Alternative Development Strategy Employment Guarantee Policies: Theory and Practice: A Conference of The Levy Economics Institute of Bard College Jan Kregel October 13-14, 14, 2006 Traditional
More informationAntipoverty transfers and growth
Antipoverty transfers and growth Armando Barrientos, Global Development Institute, the University of Manchester, UK a.barrientos@manchester.ac.uk Seminar on Cash transfer or safety net: which social protection
More informationCC is a development issue - not just an environmental concern CC impacts on human development, economic growth, poverty alleviation and the
CC is a development issue - not just an environmental concern CC impacts on human development, economic growth, poverty alleviation and the achievement of MDGs Long term: human lives and livelihoods are
More informationDo Conditional Cash Transfers (CCT) Really Improve Education and Health and Fight Poverty? The Evidence
Do Conditional Cash Transfers (CCT) Really Improve Education and Health and Fight Poverty? The Evidence Marito Garcia, PhD Lead Economist and Program Manager, Human Development Department, Africa Region
More informationFiscal Policy and the Ethno- Racial Divide: Bolivia, Brazil and Uruguay
Fiscal Policy and the Ethno- Racial Divide: Bolivia, Brazil and Uruguay Nora Lustig Tulane University Inter-American Development Bank Washington, DC, November 21, 2013 Commitment to Equity (CEQ) www.commitmentoequity.org
More informationNOTES SOCIAL SECURITY FOR SOCIAL JUSTICE AND A FAIR GLOBALIZATION
NOTES SOCIAL SECURITY FOR SOCIAL JUSTICE AND A FAIR GLOBALIZATION ITUC ETUC WORKSHOP WITH THE SUPPORT OF FES and ILO- ACTRAV GENEVA, 3 MAY 2011 The objective of this workshop was to prepare the debate
More informationNATIONAL SOCIAL SECURITY STRATEGY OF BANGLADESH. Mohammad Yunus Senior Research Fellow
NATIONAL SOCIAL SECURITY STRATEGY OF BANGLADESH Mohammad Yunus Senior Research Fellow Outline of Presentation 1. Contexts of National Social Security 2. Features of National Social Security Strategy 3.
More informationPANEL PROGRESS AND CHALLENGES ON TAX JUSTICE AND SOCIAL JUSTICE IN URUGUAY
PANEL PROGRESS AND CHALLENGES ON TAX JUSTICE AND SOCIAL JUSTICE IN URUGUAY The open panel on "Progress and Challenges on Tax Justice and Social Justice in Uruguay", put together by, Center of Concern,
More informationGlobal social development and policy indicators: Lessons from the ILO World Social Protection Report 2014/15
Global social development and policy indicators: Lessons from the ILO World Social Protection Report 2014/15 InGRID Expert Workshop "Development and dissemination of social policy indicators" Stockholm,
More informationRodrigo Orair International Policy Centre for Inclusive Growth (IPC-IG) Institute for Applied Economic Research (IPEA), Brazil
SASPEN and FES International Conference Sustainability of Social Protection in the SADC: Economic Returns, Political Will and Fiscal Space 21 Oct 2015 How Brazil has cut its Inequality through Fiscal Policy:
More informationRecovery with a Human Face Isabel Ortiz, Associate Director Policy and Practice UNICEF New York, 18 February 2010
Recovery with a Human Face Isabel Ortiz, Associate Director Policy and Practice UNICEF New York, 18 February 2010 Fordham University-UNICEF Forum on Child Friendly Budgets for 2010 and Beyond: Toward Global
More informationChanging Population Age Structures and Sustainable Development
Changing Population Age Structures and Sustainable Development Report of the Secretary-General to the 50 th session of the Commission on Population and Development (E/CN.9/2017/2) Population Division,
More informationRwanda. UNICEF/Mugwiza. Social Protection Budget Brief
Rwanda UNICEF/Mugwiza Social Protection Budget Brief Investing in inclusiveness in Rwanda 218/219 Social Protection Budget Brief: Investing in inclusiveness in Rwanda 218/219 United Nations Children s
More informationThe Role of Non-state Actors in Social Cohesion: The ADB SP Plan
The Role of Non-state Actors in Social Cohesion: The ADB SP Plan Maria Socorro G. Bautista ADB The views expressed herein are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of
More informationEquitable Ageing: Seizing the Longevity Dividend
Equitable Ageing: Seizing the Longevity Dividend Sebastian Riomalo (riomaloclavijo@unfpa.org) Economic Analyst on Population and Development UNFPA China, May 2015 Structure I. Context: China s population
More informationThe Role of Social Policy for Combating Child Poverty and Promoting Social Development: A Transformative Approach
The Role of Social Policy for Combating Child Poverty and Promoting Social Development: A Transformative Approach 1 Katja Hujo U N R I S D Child Poverty and Social Protection Conference 10 11 September
More informationAid Effectiveness in Rwanda:
RWANDA CIVIL SOCIETY PLATFORM R C S P Policy Brief on Impact of Aid in Rwanda August 2012 Aid Effectiveness in Rwanda: 1 Rwanda receives at least one billion US $ in overseas aid every year. Is this investment
More informationContent. 05 May Memorandum. Ministry of Health and Social Affairs Sweden. Strategic Social Reporting 2015 Sweden
Memorandum 05 May 2015 Ministry of Health and Social Affairs Sweden Strategic Social Reporting 2015 Sweden Content 1. Introduction... 2 2. Delivering on the Europe 2020 objective to combat poverty and
More informationTHEME: INNOVATION & INCLUSION
1 ST ADB-ASIA THINK TANK DEVELOPMENT FORUM THEME: INNOVATION & INCLUSION FOR A PROSPEROUS ASIA COUNTRY PRESENTATION PHILIPPINES RAFAELITA M. ALDABA PHILIPPINE INSTITUTE FOR DEVELOPMENT STUDIES 30-31 OCTOBER
More informationWill Growth eradicate poverty?
Will Growth eradicate poverty? David Donaldson and Esther Duflo 14.73, Challenges of World Poverty MIT A world Free of Poverty Until the 1980s the goal of economic development was economic growth (and
More informationBOARDS OF GOVERNORS 2000 ANNUAL MEETINGS PRAGUE, CZECH REPUBLIC
BOARDS OF GOVERNORS 2000 ANNUAL MEETINGS PRAGUE, CZECH REPUBLIC INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND WORLD BANK GROUP INTERNATIONAL BANK FOR RECONSTRUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT INTERNATIONAL FINANCE CORPORATION INTERNATIONAL
More informationPROTECTION SOCIAL. a solution for sustainable. development
SOCIAL PROTECTION a solution for sustainable development 100 years working together to make universal social protection systems and floors a reality for all Everyone should from social protection 1 What
More informationG. Communique, at the 33rd IMFC (Washington, D.C. / April 16, 2016) April 17, 2016
G. Communique, at the 33rd IMFC (Washington, D.C. / April 16, 2016) April 17, 2016 Press Release No. 16/169 FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE April 16, 2016 International Monetary Fund Washington, D.C. 20431 USA Global
More informationAn overview of social pensions by Stephen Kidd
DEVELOPMENT An overview of social pensions by Stephen Kidd New Zealand s Minister of Finance, when arguing for his country s universal pension The ability to retire in a degree of personal comfort, without
More informationPENSION NOTES No APRIL Non-contributory pension programs in Latin America
PENSION NOTES No. 24 - APRIL 2018 Non-contributory pension programs in Latin America Executive Summary Most Latin American countries are under pressure to introduce non-contributory pension programs or
More informationUnited Nations Fourth Conference on Least Developed Countries. ISTANBUL ( 9 13 May 2011)
United Nations Fourth Conference on Least Developed Countries ISTANBUL ( 9 13 May 2011) Statement of the African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) Group of States At the outset, I would like to underscore that
More informationHiAP: NEPAL. A case study on the factors which influenced a HiAP response to nutrition
HiAP: NEPAL A case study on the factors which influenced a HiAP response to nutrition Introduction Despite good progress towards Millennium Development Goal s (MDGs) 4, 5 and 6, which focus on improving
More information