Goldman Sachs Funds Account Application

Transcription

1 Asset Management Goldman Sachs Funds Account Application GOLDMAN SACHS FUNDS ACCOUNT APPLICATION INSTRUCTIONS Please follow these instructions to complete the Account Application: Please read the Goldman Sachs Funds Privacy Notice on the following page. Detach and retain for your records. Section 1 Section 2 Section 3 Section 4 Section 5 Section 6 Section 7 Section 8 Section 9 Section 10 Section 11 Fund Selection: Indicate your selected fund(s) and share class. Indicate whether you are exempt from a sales charge per the Goldman Sachs Fund Prospectus. Account Registration: Complete the information requested (all fields are required). If this section is not complete, your application may be rejected and the account may not opened. Residential Mailing Address: Complete the address information requested (all fields are required). Please note that P.O. Boxes will not be accepted a street address is required. Cost Basis Accounting Election Method: If no election is made, your account will be defaulted to the Average Cost accounting method unless invested in the MLP Energy Infrastructure Fund, which defaults to First-In, First-Out (FIFO). The method elected will be used on all accounts established by this application and Future accounts unless a different method is provided. Dividend and Distribution Options: If no option is selected, any dividend and capital gain distributions will be reinvested into your account. Telephone Exchange and Redemption Privileges: If you DO NOT want the Telephone Exchange Privilege and/or the Telephone Redemption Privilege, please check the appropriate boxes. Choose Your Optional Account Privileges: These sections offer features available for a Goldman Sachs Funds account. Please remember to attach a voided check where requested. Your Financial Representative Should Complete: This section is to be completed and signed by your Financial Representative. Customer Identification Program: To help the government fight the funding of terrorism and money laundering, Federal Law requires all financial institutions to obtain, verify, and record information that identifies each registered owner of an account. As a result, the required fields on this application must be completed or your application may be rejected and your account not opened. Signature and Certification: Account owner(s) should sign authorizing the account(s) to be established and certifying their Tax Identification Number(s). The CheckWriting Privilege may be selected in this section for the money market funds only. Return Instructions: Mailing Instructions to be used when returning your application. A Prospectus for the Fund containing more complete information may be obtained from your authorized dealer or from Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC by calling , Monday through Friday 8AM to 6:30PM Eastern Time. Please consider a fund s objectives, risks, and charges and expenses, and read the Prospectus carefully before investing. The Prospectus contains this and other information about the Fund.

2 PRIVACY NOTICE (Applicable only to individual, joint, and individual retirement account (IRA) investors) The Goldman Sachs financial services companies endeavor to maintain the highest standards of confidentiality and to respect the privacy of our client relationships. In that regard, we are providing this Privacy Notice to our clients in accordance with Title V of the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act of 1999 and its implementing regulations. This notice supplements any privacy policies or statements that we may provide in connection with specific products or services. The Information We Collect About You. The non-public personal information we collect about you (your Information ) comes primarily from the account applications or other forms you submit to us. We may also collect Information about your transactions and experiences with us, our affiliates, or others relating to the products or services we provide. Also, depending on the products or services you require, we may obtain additional Information from consumer reporting agencies. Our Disclosure Policies. We do not disclose your Information to anyone, except as permitted by law. This may include sharing your Information with non-affiliated companies that perform support services for your account or process your transactions with us or our affiliates. It may also include sharing your Information with our affiliates to bring you the full range of services and products available from the Goldman Sachs family of financial services companies, including our U.S. and international brokerage, asset management, advisory, and trust services companies. Additionally, it may include disclosing your Information pursuant to your express consent, to fulfill your instructions, or to comply with applicable laws and regulations. Our Information Security Policies. We limit access to your Information to those of our employees and service providers who are involved in offering or administering the products or services that we offer. We maintain physical, electronic, and procedural safeguards that are designed to comply with federal standards to safeguard your Information. If our relationship ends, we will continue to treat your Information as described in this Privacy Notice. This notice is being provided on behalf of the following affiliates of The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc.: Goldman Sachs Asset Management, L.P. Goldman Sachs Asset Management International GS Investment Strategies, LLC Goldman Sachs Hedge Fund Strategies, LLC The family of funds managed by the affiliates listed above. PNV1877PA

3 Asset Management Goldman Sachs Funds Account Application 1 FUND SELECTION (Please see Fund s Prospectus for fund minimums and fund maximums). Invest Contributions to my Account as follows: Class A Class C Core & Growth Equity Funds Fund # Amount # Fund # Amount # Capital Growth 807 $ 837 $ Concentrated Growth 1528 $ 1530 $ Blue Chip Fund 3619 $ 3620 $ U.S. Equity Insights 817 $ 847 $ Flexible Cap 3280 $ 3281 $ Growth Opportunities 1129 $ 1131 $ Large Cap Growth Insights 851 $ 853 $ Rising Dividend Growth 3827 $ 3828 $ Small Cap Equity Insights 71 $ 81 $ Small Cap Growth Insights 2679 $ 2681 $ Small/Mid Cap Growth 2516 $ 2518 $ Strategic Growth 1124 $ 1126 $ Technology Opportunities Fund 1179 $ 1181 $ U.S. Equity Dividend and Premium 2528 $ 2529 $ Value Equity Funds Focused Value 4007 $ 4008 $ Equity Income 814 $ 844 $ Large Cap Value 1213 $ 1215 $ Large Cap Value Insights 456 $ 471 $ Mid Cap Value 78 $ 80 $ Small Cap Value Insights 2683 $ 2685 $ Small/Mid Cap Value 3922 $ 3923 $ Emerging Markets & International Equity Funds Asia Equity 880 $ 850 $ Emerging Markets Equity 831 $ 833 $ Emerging Markets Equity Insights 3167 $ 3168 $ International Equity ESG 815 $ 845 $ International Equity Dividend and Premium 3295 $ 3296 $ International Equity Insights 73 $ 83 $ International Rising Dividend Growth 4027 $ 4028 $ International Small Cap Insights 3170 $ 3171 $ International Equity Income 2675 $ 2677 $ N $ 3801 $ GQG Partners Intl Opportunities 4941 $ 4942 $ ESG Emerging Markets Equity Fund 7261 $ 7262 $ Tax-Aware Portfolios Enhanced Dividend Global Equity Portfolio 3322 $ N/A $ International Tax-Managed Equity 3292 $ 3293 $ Tax-Advantaged Global Equity Portfolio 3320 $ N/A $ U.S. Tax-Managed Equity 1250 $ 1252 $ Fixed Income Funds Bond Fund 2670 $ 2672 $ Core Fixed Income 811 $ 841 $ Dynamic Municipal Income 816 $ 846 $ Emerging Markets Debt 2050 $ 2609 $ Enhanced Income 1996 $ N/A $ Global Income 818 $ 848 $ Government Income 812 $ 842 $ High Quality Floating Rate 677 $ N/A $ High Yield 808 $ 838 $ High Yield Floating Rate 3707 $ 3708 $ High Yield Municipal 1255 $ 1257 $ Inflation Protected Securities 3153 $ 3154 $ Investment Grade Credit 2054 $ N/A $ Local Emerging Markets Debt 3285 $ 3286 $ Short Duration Government 809 $ 839 $ Short Duration Income 3832 $ 3833 $ Short Duration Tax-Free 810 $ 840 $ Short-Term Conservative Income 4043 $ N/A $ U.S. Mortgages 2052 $ N/A $ 1 CONTINUED

4 Goldman Sachs Funds & Account Application (Continued) 1 FUND SELECTION (Please see Fund s Prospectus for fund minimums and fund maximums). Class A Portfolio Solutions Fund # Amount # Fund # Amount # Absolute Return Multi-Asset 4003 $ 4004 $ Balanced Strategy 76 $ 86 $ Equity Growth Strategy 77 $ 87 $ Growth and Income Strategy 74 $ 84 $ Growth Strategy 75 $ 85 $ Income Builder 70 $ 830 $ Satellite Strategies 2400 $ 2401 $ Global Infrastructure 4017 $ 4018 $ Target Date 2020 Portfolio 7024 $ $ Target Date 2025 Portfolio 7027 $ N/A $ Target Date 2030 Portfolio 7030 $ N/A $ Target Date 2035 Portfolio 7033 $ N/A $ Target Date 2040 Portfolio 7036 $ N/A $ Target Date 2045 Portfolio 7039 $ N/A $ Target Date 2050 Portfolio 7042 $ N/A $ Target Date 2055 Portfolio 7045 $ N/A $ Target Date 2060 Portfolio 7255 $ N/A $ Alternative and Other Funds Absolute Return Tracker 3275 $ 3276 $ Commodity Strategy 2673 $ 2674 $ Alternative Premia Fund 3624 $ 3625 $ Global Real Estate Securities 4011 $ 4012 $ Long Short Credit Strategies 3917 $ 3918 $ International Real Estate Securities 2617 $ 2618 $ Managed Futures Strategy 3817 $ 3818 $ MLP Energy Infrastructure 3870 $ 3871 $ Multi-Manager Alternatives Fund 3881 $ 3882 $ Real Estate Securities 72 $ 82 $ MLP & Energy Fund 7129 $ 7130 $ Money Market Portfolios/Other $ $ Class C IF YOU DO NOT CHOOSE A FUND, PURCHASES WILL BE IN THE FST-GOVERNMENT FUND CLASS A SHARES. IF YOU DO NOT CHOOSE A SHARE CLASS, PURCHASES WILL BE FOR CLASS A SHARES OF THE FUND CHOSEN. A check in the amount of $ is enclosed. Make check payable to the Goldman Sachs Fund in which you are investing (or if you are investing in more than one Fund, to Goldman Sachs Trust). If your order was placed through a broker, fill in: Order number Date of order I certify that I am exempt from the sales charge in accordance with the terms of the applicable Fund s Prospectus and I agree to notify Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC at or prior to purchase if I am no longer eligible for exemption. Reason for exemption 2 ACCOUNT REGISTRATION (Check one) A. Individual Owner Joint Owner (as Joint Tenants with Rights of Survivorship) Owner s First Name (Required) M.I. Owner s Last Name (Required) Owner s Social Security Number (Required) Owner s Date of Birth (mm/dd/year) (Required) US Citizen 2 CONTINUED

5 2 ACCOUNT REGISTRATION (Continued) Co-Owner s First Name (if applicable) M.I. Co-Owner s Last Name (if applicable) Co-Owner s Social Security Number (Required) Co-Owner s Date of Birth (mm/dd/year) (Required) US Citizen B. Uniform Gift/Transfer to Minor Act (UGMA/UTMA) (Please see Fund Prospectus for fund minimums). Minor s First Name M.I. Minor s Last Name Minor s Social Security Number Minor s Date of Birth (mm/dd/year) Custodian s First Name M.I. Custodian s Last Name Custodian s Social Security Number Custodian s Date of Birth (mm/dd/year) C. The following documents must be attached in good order. C Corporation A certified executed copy of the Articles of Incorporation or government issued business license (omit section 5). S Corporation A certified executed copy of the Articles of Incorporation or government issued business license. Partnership A certified executed copy of the Partnership Agreement or government issued business license. Trust A copy of the Trust Agreement. 401(k)/403(b) (omit section 5). Other Name of Corporation, Partnership, Trust, or Other Entity (Contact the Funds for the proper documents required before submitting this application) Date of Trust Agreement (if applicable) Federal Taxpayer Identification Number (Required) First Name(s) of Beneficiary(s) (if to be included in account registration) M.I. Last Name For Trust Accounts only Trustee Name - First Name (if to be included in account registration) M.I. Last Name Social Security Number Date of Birth Co-Trustee Name - First Name (if to be included in account registration) M.I. Last Name Social Security Number Date of Birth 3 RESIDENTIAL MAILING ADDRESS (P.O. Boxes will not be accepted) Street Address Apartment Number State Zip Code Attention (if applicable) Daytime Phone Number Evening Number (if different from daytime phone) 3 CONTINUED

6 4 DIVIDEND AND DISTRIBUTIONS (check one) All dividends and distributions to be reinvested in my account. (This option will apply if no box is checked). All dividends and distributions to be sent by check to me at the address in Section 3, Mailing Address. All dividends to be sent by check to me at the address in Section 3, Mailing Address. Short-term and long-term capital gain distributions to be reinvested in my account. All dividends and distributions to be invested into my existing identically registered Goldman Sachs Fund account: Complete Section A All dividends and distributions to be directly deposited via ACH to my bank account: (Attach a voided check). Complete Section B A. Fund Name B. Bank Name (Foreign Banks will NOT be accepted) Bank Name on Account (Third parties will NOT be accepted) Bank Account Number Bank Street Address State Zip Code Account Number Bank Telephone Number Name on Account ABA Routing No. 5 COST BASIS ELECTION METHOD (Required, except for C Corporations, 401(k) and 403(b) plans). The Cost basis method elected below will be used for all accounts established by this application and any future accounts unless a different method is provided. If no election is made, your account will default to the Average Cost accounting method unless invested in the MLP Energy Infrastructure Fund, which defaults to FIFO. Average Cost: uses the average price of shares as the cost basis. (Note: This option is not available for the MLP Energy Infrastructure Fund.) First-In First-Out (FIFO): oldest shares in the account are redeemed first. Specific Lot: assumes specific shares in an account will be selected by the shareholder each time shares are redeemed. A Secondary cost basis accounting method selection is required. Please note that Average Cost cannot be used as a secondary accounting method. The secondary accounting method will only be used if the lots chosen are no longer available. Secondary Method for Specific Lot: Required (If you do not elect a secondary method for Specific Lot, you will be defaulted to First-In-First-Out.) First-In First-Out Low-Cost Last-In Last-Out Loss Gain Utilization High-Cost Last-In First-Out (LIFO): the newest shares are the first shares in the account to be redeemed. High-Cost: the shares with the highest cost are the first shares in the account to be redeemed. Low-Cost: the shares with the lowest cost are the first shares in the account to be redeemed. Loss/Gain Utilization: This method looks to realize losses before gains consistent with the objective of minimizing taxes. 6 TELEPHONE EXCHANGE AND REDEMPTION PRIVILEGES (please attach voided check) Unless otherwise indicated below, I authorize Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC to accept telephone instructions from any person identifying himself/herself as owner of the account or owner s broker to: (a) exchange shares of my account for shares of the same class or equivalent class of any other Goldman Sachs Fund; and (b) to redeem shares, without signature guarantee, held in my account. Telephone exchanges and redemptions are subject to the procedures and conditions set forth in the Prospectus. I understand that up to $50,000 in shares may be redeemed by telephone redemption daily. Proceeds which are sent to a Goldman Sachs brokerage account or sent to an authorized account designated on the current records of the Transfer Agent are not subject to the $50,000 limit. Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC and BFDS each will employ reasonable procedures specified by the Funds to confirm that such telephone instructions are genuine. Neither the Funds, Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC, nor BFDS will be liable for any loss due to unauthorized or fraudulent instructions if such procedures are followed. Telephone privileges may be modified or terminated without notice. Furthermore, I agree to indemnify and hold harmless Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC, BFDS and any Goldman Sachs Fund that may be involved in transactions authorized by telephone against any claim, loss, expense or damage, including reasonable fees of investigation and counsel, in connection with any telephone instructions effected for my account. I DO NOT want the Telephone Exchange Privilege I DO NOT want the Telephone Redemption Privilege Bank Name (Foreign Banks will NOT be accepted) Name(s) on Account (Third parties will NOT be accepted) ABA Routing No. Name(s) on Account Bank Street Address Bank Account Number Bank Telephone Number State Zip Code 4 CONTINUED

7 7 OPTIONAL ACCOUNT PRIVILEGES A. AUTOMATIC INVESTMENT PLAN (minimums may apply, see corresponding Prospectus for requirements) (please attach voided check) Type of account (check one): Checking Savings I authorize State Street Bank, or JP Morgan the custodian for the Fund(s), to debit the amount requested below from my bank account for investment in the Fund(s) beginning in (month) and periodically thereafter. I understand that my participation in the Automatic Investment Plan is subject to the terms and conditions of such Plan as amended from time to time. Frequency of investment (check one): Monthly Quarterly Investment date: Fund Name Select any date between (and including) the 3rd and the 26th. If no investment date is selected, your account will be debited on the 15th of the month. $ $ Initial Investment ($250 Initial minimum $50 subsequent minimum) Bank Name (Foreign Banks will NOT be accepted) Name(s) on Account (Third parties will NOT be accepted) Bank ABA Routing No. Bank Account Number Bank Street Address Bank Telephone Number State Zip Code Authorized Signature (as shown on bank records) 2 nd Authorized Signature (if joint account both must sign) B. SYSTEMATIC WITHDRAWAL PLAN Please note: Withdrawals will use the cost basis accounting method as elected on your account(s). I would like to receive systematic payments.* Frequency of withdrawals (check one): Monthly Quarterly Begin withdrawals: Make payments via (check one): Check ACH (Attach voided check) Check Payment Date (check one): 15th or 25th Payments made via ACH will be withdrawn from your account(s) on the..day of the month. Select any date between (and including) the 3rd and the 26th. If no date is selected, redemptions from your account will be made on the 25th of the month. (ACH payment may take up to 3 business days to post to your account.). Payments should be from Month Fund Name in the amount of $ or % ($50 minimum) in the amount of $ or % ($50 minimum) *See the Fund s Prospectus for more information concerning systematic withdrawal plans. Complete the following section if withdrawal payments are to be made via ACH and attach a voided check. (Bank registration must match fund/account registration). Bank Name (Foreign Banks will NOT be accepted) Name(s) on Account (Third parties will NOT be accepted) ABA Routing No. Bank Account Number Bank Street Address Bank Telephone Number State Zip Code 5 CONTINUED

8 C. AUTOMATIC EXCHANGES (From and to account registrations must be the same) I hereby authorize automatic exchanges of $ (exact dollars $50 minimum): The receiving Fund must meet the funds minimum requirement. See corresponding Prospectus for fund minimums. Fund Name Fund Name Exchange from to Month Year Please make exchanges on the 15th of the month (or next business day) beginning, Name(s) on Account Account Number(s) D. RIGHTS OF ACCUMULATION (Class A or C Shares of any Goldman Sachs Funds may be combined under Rights of Accumulation) If you previously purchased Class A Shares of a Goldman Sachs Fund on which you paid a sales charge, you may qualify for a reduced sales charge on this purchase. See the Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information for aggregation criteria. List below account(s) which should be aggregated for a right of accumulation. Attach an additional page if necessary. Owner s First Name M.I. Owner s Last Name Owner s First Name M.I. Owner s Last Name Fund Name Fund Name Account Number and/or Social Security Number Account Number and/or Social Security Number E. STATEMENT OF INTENTION (Class A Shares only; Does not apply to Money Market Accounts) I intend to invest, over a 13-month time period, at least the amount checked below in Class A Shares of the Goldman Sachs Funds. If I do not invest this amount, I agree to pay the higher applicable sales charge on my investment and authorize the Transfer Agent to redeem Class A Shares in my account for this purpose. $50,000 $100,000 $250,000 $500,000 $1,000,000 CHECK WRITING PRIVILEGES (for FST Money Market Fund accounts only) Please check appropriate fund(s): Financial Square Government Investor Money Market Tax-Free IF MORE THAN ONE SIGNATURE FOR CHECK WRITING PRIVILEGES IS REQUIRED, CHECK BELOW: Check here if one signature is required on checks. Check here if more than one signature is required. Number Required INTERNAL USE ONLY Account Number CHECK WRITING PRIVILEGES SUBJECT TO CONDITIONS BELOW In signing this Application, the signator(s) signifies individual agreement to be subject to the rules and regulations of State Street Bank and Trust Company pertaining to the Check Writing Privilege and as amended from time to time and subject to the conditions set forth in the Prospectus. 8 YOUR FINANCIAL REPRESENTATIVE SHOULD COMPLETE THIS SECTION Required To receive the appropriate dealer re-allowance(s) and distribution and service fees, this section must be completed. Branch Office Address Name of Dealer Firm / NSCC Dealer Number Branch Number Branch Phone Home Office Address State Zip Code State Zip Code Registered Rep s Name Registered Rep s Number Registered Rep s Signature Firm Account Number (Broker Identification Number, BIN) Check below if applicable: The account is for Class A Shares that are eligible to be sold at NAV with a commission payable to certain Authorized Dealers. Reason (required) 6 CONTINUED

9 9 CUSTOMER IDENTIFICATION PROGRAM Important Information About Procedures for Opening a New Account To help the government fight the funding of terrorism and money laundering, Federal Law requires all financial institutions to obtain, verify, and record information that identifies each registered owner of an account. In some cases, Goldman Sachs Funds may also take additional steps to verify the identities of individuals with authority or control over the registered owner, including person(s) able to effect securities transactions on behalf of the registered owner. What this means for you: When you open an account, Goldman Sachs Funds will ask for the registered owner s name, address, and identification number and other information that will allow us to identify the registered owner. Goldman Sachs Funds may ask for similar information regarding individuals with authority or control over the registered owner. Goldman Sachs Funds may also ask to see government-issued identifying documents. To the extent permitted by applicable law, Goldman Sachs Funds reserves the right to (i) place limits on transactions in any account until the identity of the investor is verified; or (ii) refuse an investment in the Funds or (iii) involuntarily redeem an investor s shares and close an account in the event that the Funds are unable to verify an investor s identity. 10 SIGNATURE AND CERTIFICATION Required (All registered owners must sign) You are required by law to provide the Funds with your correct Social Security or other Taxpayer Identification Number (TIN). Failure to do so and to complete this section may subject you to penalties and result in backup withholding at the current required rate of fund distributions or other payments. If you do not have but are applying for a TIN, write Applied For in the space provided for your TIN and forward the required certifications within 60 days. Backup withholding could apply to payments relating to your account prior to the Fund s receipt of your TIN and required certifications. If you are an exempt recipient, please furnish your TIN and write Exempt after your signature. Exempt recipients include but are not limited to: corporations, tax-exempt pension plans and IRA plans, governmental agencies, financial institutions, registered securities and commodities dealers and others. If you are a non-resident alien or foreign entity, write NRA after your signature and provide a completed Form W-8 to the Fund in order to avoid backup withholding on certain payments. I certify under penalties of perjury that: (i) The number shown on this form is my correct TIN (or I am waiting for a number to be issued to me), and (ii) I am not subject to backup withholding because (a) I am exempt from backup withholding, or (b) I have not been notified by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) that I am subject to backup withholding as a result of a failure to report all interest or dividends, or (c) the IRS has notified me that I am no longer subject to backup withholding, and (iii) I am a U.S. person (including a resident alien). You must cross out part (2) above if you have been notified by the IRS that you are currently subject to backup withholding because you have failed to report all interest and dividends on your tax return. The IRS does not require your consent to any provisions of this document other than the certifications required to avoid backup withholding. I represent that: I have the authority to make the investment designated in this Application; I am acting for myself or in a fiduciary capacity in making this investment; and I have received and reviewed a current Prospectus for the Fund(s). I UNDERSTAND THAT NON-MONEY MARKET FUNDS DO NOT MAINTAIN A CONSTANT NET ASSET VALUE AND THAT A CONSTANT NET ASSET VALUE IN MONEY MARKET FUNDS IS NOT GUARANTEED. AS A RESULT, I MAY EXPERIENCE A LOSS ON MY INVESTMENT. I acknowledge that Class C Shares held for less than 12 months and certain purchases of $1 million ($500,000 for the Short Duration Tax-Free and Short Duration Government Funds) or more of Class A Shares are subject to a contingent deferred sales charge on redemption, as explained in the Prospectus. Unless otherwise indicated below, I consent to the delivery by the Goldman Sachs Funds of one copy of each Prospectus, shareholder report, proxy statement and (if and when permitted by law) other information to all shareholders who now or hereafter share the same mailing address as this account. This consent will become effective when my account is opened and will continue thereafter indefinitely, unless I revoke my consent, in which case I will begin to receive individual copies within 30 days. Check here only if you do NOT consent to the delivery provisions immediately above. Signature of Owner, Custodian or Officer Print Name Date Address Signature of Co-Owner, Custodian or Officer Print Name Date Address 11 RETURN INSTRUCTIONS Please mail to: GOLDMAN SACHS FUNDS, P.O. Box Kansas, MO Overnight mail: GOLDMAN SACHS FUNDS, 330 West Ninth Street, 4 th Fl. Kansas, MO For assistance completing this application, please contact the Client Service team at , Monday through Friday 8:00AM to 6:30PM Eastern Time. Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC, is the distributor of the Goldman Sachs Funds. Copyright 2018 Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC. All Rights Reserved. GSAMAPP_AC Date of First Use: