The External Environment for Developing Countries
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1 d Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized The External Environment for Developing Countries March 2008 The World Bank Development Economics Prospects Group
2 Large-scale losses across global bourses in the last weeks index January 1, 2008 = 100 Dow Jones DAX TOPIX MSCI 75 Jan-08 Jan-08 Jan-08 Feb-08 Feb-08 Mar-08 Source: Thomson/Datastream.
3 1.290 Dollar plummets to all-time lows against the majors USD per Euro (inverse) [Left] and Yen per USD [right] Jan- Mar- May- Jul- Sep- Nov- Jan-08 Mar yen/usd USD/Euro (inverse) Source: Thomson/Datastream. 96
4 Industrial countries
5 A dramatic 75bp cut in Fed Funds on Mar-18 carries the rate to 2.25% Jun- 5-Jul- 5-Aug- Fed funds rate [left] DJIA [right] Fed funds target rate [L] 5-Sep- 6-Oct- 6-Nov- 7-Dec- 7-Jan- 08 Source: Thomson/Datastream. DJIA [R] 7-Feb Mar ,250 14,000 13,750 13,500 13,250 13,000 12,750 12,500 12,250 12,000 11,750
6 Employment declines feed into softening retail sales in February sales volume, ch% 3mmay/y [left]; delta employment, 3mma [right] Retail sales volume [L] Change in Employment [R] 01/15/06 05/15/06 09/15/06 01/15/ 05/15/ 09/15/ 01/15/08 Source: Departments of Commerce and Labor
7 U.S. inflation picks up on higher energy and food- a possible restraint on the Fed headline CPI ad PPI, ch% 3mma y/y Headline PPI Headline CPI 0 Jan-06 May-06 Sep-06 Jan- May- Sep- Jan-08 Source: U.S. Department of Labor.
8 Revised Japan GDP bumps Q4-growth to 3.5% from 3.7% on investment 5.0 growth of real GDP, and contributions to growth in percentage points Growth % Net exports Stocks Fixed Investment Government Consumption Q3-20 F Q4-20 P Q4-20 F Source: Cabinet Office and DECPG calculations.
9 Yen strength and plummeting equities hit consumer confidence hard 110 Yen per dollar [right] and TOPIX index January 1, 20 = Yen [R] TOPIX [L] Jan- Feb- Mar- Apr- May- Jun- Jul- Aug- Sep- Oct- Nov- Source: Thomson/Datastream. Dec- Jan- 08 Feb- 08 Mar
10 Japan s GDP boost from net exports may fade over goods export and import volumes, ch% saar Export volumes Import volumes Jan-06 Apr-06 Jul-06 Oct-06 Jan- Apr- Jul- Oct- Jan-08 Source: Cabinet Office-- Thomson/Datastream.
11 Euro-Zone GDP slows to 1.5% growth in fourth quarter on sluggish demand growth of real GDP, and contributions to growth in percentage points Growth % Net exports Fixed investment Consumption Government Change in stocks Q2-20 Q3-20 Q4-20 Source: Eurostat and DECPG calculations.
12 German factory orders drop in January foreign orders halve in momentum factory orders, total, domestic, overseas, ch% saar Domestic orders Foreign orders Total orders Jan-06 Apr-06 Jul-06 Oct-06 Jan- Apr- Jul- Oct- Jan-08 Source: Bundesbank-- Thomson/Datastream.
13 ECB: policy rates will not be cut as growth slows and HICP rises HICP inflation (ch% y/y) [L]; EA IP ch% saar [R] Euro Area IP (mfg) [R] HICP inflation (y/y) [L] Jan-06 May-06 Sep-06 Jan- May- Sep- Jan-08 Source: Eurostat and Bundesbank
14 Industrial production
15 Sharp downtrend expected for Euro Area industrial output growth 6mn/6mn ar 5 data forecast Jan-01 Jan-02 Jan-03 Jan-04 Jan-05 Jan-06 Jan- Jan-08 Source: DECPG
16 Robust external demand cushioned U.S. IP from weak domestic demand 6mn/6mn ar Export volumes data forecast 0-5 Industrial production Jan-01 Jan-02 Jan-03 Jan-04 Jan-05 Jan-06 Jan- Jan-08 Source: DECPG
17 IP trend growth in Japan is also 6mn/6mn ar 15 projected to deteriorate data forecast Jan-01 Jan-02 Jan-03 Jan-04 Jan-05 Jan-06 Jan- Jan-08 Source: DECPG
18 High-tech Markets
19 High-tech orders slumping in the U.S. and Europe G-3 orders for high-tech manufactures, US dollar terms, ch% saar United States [R] Europe [R] G-3 High-tech orders [L] Jan-06 Apr-06 Jul-06 Oct-06 Jan- Apr- Jul- Oct Source: National Agencies and DECPG calculations.
20 Semiconductor sales and tech output wane over late 20 and early 2008 semi-chip sales ch% y/y [L]; output of high-tech goods ch% saar [R] Production [R] Semiconductor sales -2 5 Jan-06 Apr-06 Jul-06 Oct-06 Jan- Apr- Jul- Oct- Jan-08 Source: SIA, Thomson/Datastream, Haver.
21 Exports mixed across the globe global exports of high-tech goods in USD terms, ch% 3mma y/y World USA East Asia x Japan Jan-06 Apr-06 Jul-06 Oct-06 Jan- Apr- Jul- Oct- Source: National Agencies and DECPG calculations.
22 International trade
23 U.S. export growth easing into the first months of 2008 goods exports: values and volumes, percent change 3mma/y/y and saar Value saar Value year/year 10 5 Volume year/year 0-5 Volume saar -10 Jan-06 Apr-06 Jul-06 Oct-06 Jan- Apr- Jul- Oct- Jan-08 Source: Department of Commerce-- Thomson/Datastream.
24 World and high-income exports to slow but revive somewhat at mid-2008 goods export volumes, ch% saar World exports High-income exports 2003M1 2003M M7 2005M4 2006M1 2006M10 20M7 2008M4 Source: National Agencies through Thomson/Datastream.
25 Exports from China and other developing economies up in January goods export volumes, ch% saar Developing ex China China exports 2003M1 2003M M7 2005M4 2006M1 2006M10 20M7 Source: National Agencies through Thomson/Datastream.
26 Oil prices
27 Gold $/toz Gold and Oil at all-time highs Oil $/bbl Oil Gold Jan- Jul- Jan-08 Source: LME and DECPG Commodities Group. 50
28 Crude oil inventories rise seasonally M bbl exacerbated by weak demand 5-year high-low ranges Jan-04 Jan-05 Jan-06 Jan- Jan-08 Jan-09 Source: U.S. Department of Energy and DECPG Commodities Group.
29 WTI Futures Prices - NYMEX $/bbl Monthly contract prices to Dec 2013* on select dates in Mar Feb Aug Jan Dec-06 Dec- Dec-08 Dec-09 Dec-10 Dec-11 Dec-12 Dec-13 * No monthly futures prices for 2013 for contracts trading before Nov
30 Non-oil commodity prices
31 (1990=100) Food and beverage prices surge Fats & Oils Grains Beverages Other Food Jan-06 Jul-06 Jan- Jul- Jan-08 Source: DECPG Commodities Group.
32 $/ton Copper prices rebound on falling stocks and tight supplies Copper price 000 tons Jan-06 Jan- LME stocks Jan-08 Source: LME and DECPG Commodities Group
33 World Refined Metal Consumption* 000 tons China Europe N America Other Asia OECD Pac Latin A FSU/EE ME Africa * Aluminum, Copper, Lead, Nickel, Tin, Zinc
34 International Finance
35 Continued stagnation in flows to emerging markets in February Gross capital flows to emerging markets $ billion Q1 Total Jan Feb Q1 Total Jan Feb Total Bonds Banks Equity Lat. America Bonds E. Europe Bonds Asia Bonds Others Source: DECPG Finance Team.
36 Continued turmoil in world stock markets Equity price indexes, January 1, 20 = 100 S&P-500 MSCI Eurofirst-300 Nikkei-225 Jun- Aug- Oct- Dec- Feb-08 Source: Thomson/Datastream.
37 Credit risk soars to record levels Credit default swap spreads (CDSs), basis points CDSs on the Europe index CDSs on the North American index CDSs on Emerging Market Index May- Jul- Sep- Nov- Jan-08 Mar-08 Source: JPMorgan-Chase.
38 Currencies
39 1.290 Dollar plummets to all-time lows against the majors USD per Euro (inverse) [Left] and Yen per USD [right] Jan- Mar- May- Jul- Sep- Nov- Jan-08 Mar yen/usd USD/Euro (inverse) Source: Thomson/Datastream. 96
40 Interest differentials now at 230 bp favoring euro-based assets US-LIBOR, EURIBOR in percent EURIBOR USLIBOR Jun- 5-Jul- 5-Aug- 5-Sep- 6-Oct- 6-Nov- 7-Dec- Source: Thomson/Datastream. 7-Jan Feb Mar- 08
41 105 Dollar falling equally sharply against emerging market units index, LCU per USD, January 1, 20 = Russian ruble euro Turkish lira Brazilian rei Jan- Mar- May- Jul- Sep- Nov- Jan-08 Mar-08 Source: Thomson/Datastream.
42 Focus March 2008 Food prices and domestic inflation
43 International food prices increased 25% in real terms since Jan-2006 Index, 2006= Nominal US$ Nominal LCU Real M1 2006M7 20M1 20M7 2008M1 Source: DECPG
44 Similar increases in domestic food prices across countries percentage change since Jan-2006 China EAP ex CHN Domestic food price Russia Turkey CEE LAC Egypt Jordan India Source: DECPG Pakistan imported food price Nigeria South Africa DEV average OECD HIC
45 Venezuela Latvia South Africa Egypt Colombia Bulgaria Czech OECD HIC Croatia Brazil Turkey Ecuador Slovak Nigeria Indonesia Food prices exert upward pressures on inflation percentage points Non-Food Food Source: DECPG
46 The External Environment for Developing Countries March 2008 The World Bank Development Economics Prospects Group
The External Environment for Developing Countries
d Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized The External Environment for Developing Countries January 2009 The World Bank Development Economics Prospects Group
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