MALAYSIA. 1. Market Trends: Import Opportunities and Consumption. Items Change in % Major Markets in %

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1 MALAYSIA A. MARKET OF FRESH FRUITS & VEGETABLES 1. Market Trends: Import Opportunities and Consumption Items Change in % Major Markets in % Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity $ 000 Tons $ '000 Tons $000 Grapes 11,479 20,663 11,595 23,446 1% 14% USA (31%), Australia (23%), South Africa (14%) Mangoes 5,256 24,938 5,173 25,738-2% 3% Thailand (82%), India (7%) Onions 68, , , ,949 74% 34% India (50%), Singapore (16%), Thailand (11%) Tomato 2,101 6,875 2,085 6,320-1% -8% Thailand (70%), Australia (13%) & China (8%) Chili / 31,635 35,513 12% Thailand (75%), China Peppers (9%) From the above table we can see that the consumption of imported onions has increased substantially and that of grapes and chillies also increased in the last five years. Further market prospects for mangoes and tomatoes are not encouraging. In terms of value import of onions has gone up drastically by 74%. Malaysia s major partner countries for imports of fresh fruits and vegetables are USA, India, Australia, Thailand & Singapore. 2. Imports Analysis Grapes In 2006 Malaysia imported grapes equivalent to USD 10.6 million and the total quantity of imports made by Malaysia was 21,896 tons with a unit value of USD 483 per ton. The growth of imports in value in was -6% and the growth in quantity in was -2%. The major sources of imports of grapes to Malaysia are United States of America, Australia, South Africa and Chile with 31.7%, 23.8%, 14.8%, and 14.4% shares respectively. Refer Tables I to VI The past five years trend indicates that in 2003 the import was of USD 11.5 million which increased gradually to USD 12.8 million in 2004 but later in 2006 it decreases to USD 10.6 million but again in 2007 it increases slightly to USD 11.6 million. This show a fluctuation in the trend of grapes imports into Malaysia. The major exporter, the USA exported valued at USD 3.8 million, followed by Australia with value of USD 2.1 million and South Africa with value of USD 1.8 million. India has a share of one 0.6% in the total import of grapes in Malaysia which indicates that India doesn t have a strong position in the import of grapes. India exported to Malaysia only 140 tons of grapes which were equivalent to USD 421 thousands in value. In India export grew by 76% in value and 81% in quantity. 45

2 Table I : Imports of Grapes from in Value in USD '000 Exporters 'World 11,479 12,833 10,771 10,586 11,595 'United States of America 3,887 3,835 4,411 3,361 3,809 'Australia 3,075 4,359 3,070 2,474 2,144 'South Africa 1,763 1,747 1,203 1,571 1,826 'China ,381 'Chile 1,476 1, ,525 1,312 'Argentina 'Saudi Arabia 'Egypt 'Spain 'India Table II: Imports of Grapes from in Quantity in Tons Exporters 'World 20,663 25,241 19,594 21,896 23,446 'USA 6,072 6,480 7,013 5,892 7,492 'South Africa 3,007 3,542 2,511 3,379 4,131 'Australia 5,617 8,158 5,501 5,488 3,971 'China 1,699 1,801 1,502 2,352 2,999 'Chile 2,894 3,274 1,508 3,174 2,799 'Argentina 'Saudi Arabia 'Egypt

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6 Mango In 2007 Malaysia imported mangoes equivalent to USD 5.2 million and the total quantity of imported was 25,700 tons with a unit value of USD 202 per ton. Import value decreased by 1.5% and quantity increased by 3% in five years time. Sources of imports are Thailand, accounting 82% of total import, India (6%), Philippines (4%) and Australia (3%). This shows that Thailand has dominated the mangoes market in Malaysia. (Refer tables VII to XII) By looking at the trend from we can see that in 2003 the import was of USD 5,256 thousands and slightly decreased to USD 5,152 thousands in 2004 but later in 2006 it was again decreased to USD 4,062 thousands and in 2007 it increases to USD 5,173 thousands which show that there has been fluctuation in import demand for mangoes in Malaysia. India doesn t have a strong position in the import of mangoes. India traded with Malaysia with only 408 tons of mangoes which were equivalent to USD 311 thousands in value. India s export to Malaysia is growing at a very slow rate. Prices of Indian mangoes are very high as compared to Thailand, the Philippines and Indonesia. Moreover, India s supply seasons (April to July) correspond with the supply seasons of other ASEAN countries. Therefore, the market is limited to the special variety like Alphonso of India. (Refer Annex XII) Tables VII: Imports of Mango from in Value in USD '000 Exporters value in value in value in value in value in 'World 5,256 5,152 4,112 4,062 5,173 'Thailand 4,437 4,515 3,387 3,338 4,245 'India 'Philippines 'Australia 'Pakistan 'Indonesia 'South Africa 'Taiwan, Province of China 'China Tables VIII : Imports of Mango from in Quantity in Tons Exporters 'World 24,938 25,953 20,117 23,521 25,738 'Thailand 22,955 24,055 18,270 17,437 21,593 'Philippines ,249 3,081 'India 'Pakistan 'Australia 'Indonesia 'South Africa 'Taiwan, 'China

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10 Onion In 2007 Malaysia imported 396,000 tons of onions equivalent to USD 120 million. The annual average rates of import growth in were 14% in value and 13% in quantity. The major exporting countries were India (46% of total import), followed by China (21%), Thailand (12%), and Singapore (6%). Traditionally India is the major partner country in onions trades to Malaysia. By looking at the trend from we can see that in 2003 the import was of USD 68,650 thousands which increased to USD 119,529 thousands in 2007, representing an increase of 74 per cent. This shows that India has a strong position in the export of onions. India s export price per ton was USD 205 in 2006 that has gone up by $ 100 to $305 per ton in 2007, which is almost closed to the world average world import price of $301 in Malaysia. Tables XIII: Imports of Onions from in Value in USD '000 Exporters 'World 68,650 94, , , ,529 'India 37,091 43,965 42,669 52,999 54,878 'China 8,144 4,110 7,698 4,259 25,295 'Thailand 11,255 31,542 24,562 12,162 14,519 'Singapore ,399 17,987 7,366 'Netherlands 6,462 8,870 6,531 8,218 7,095 'New Zealand 1,756 3,403 1,220 1,441 4,089 'Indonesia 1,118 1, ,370 1,774 'Pakistan 1, , ,614 'Myanmar ,852 5,585 1,475 'Australia 'Philippines 'Belgium 'United States of America , Tables XIV : Imports of Onions from in Quantity in Tons Exporters 'World 294, , , , ,949 'India 171, , , , ,804 'China 37,813 20,409 35,763 12,934 90,666 'Thailand 43, ,639 99,400 49,066 56,568 'Singapore ,827 83,987 28,942 'Netherlands 20,997 38,848 28,751 23,677 18,543 'New Zealand 5,564 10,315 4,765 3,877 7,838 'Pakistan 5,443 1,239 12, ,618 'Myanmar 1, ,617 25,939 3,506 'Indonesia 3,511 2,454 2,429 4,886 3,122 'Australia 1,386 1,257 1,710 1,271 1,361 'Belgium 90 1, , 'Philippines 'USA ,

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14 Peppers In 2007 Malaysia s import of peppers has come down to 35,500 tons from 45,900 tons in it seems that the consumption of pepper has stagnated. In 2006 total import value was USD 9.3 million of 32,400 tons. Thailand is the leading supplier of peppers representing 89% in total supply. Average unit price for Thai origin pepper in 2006, $ 235 per ton was the lowest as compared to other suppliers and it was much below the world s average import price of $ 287 per ton. Imports of Malaysia grew by 17% in value and 10% in quantity over the period of 2002 to The other major partner countries which supply pepper to Malaysia are China, Vietnam, India and Indonesia. Tables XIX: Imports of Peppers from in Quantity in Tons Exporters 'World 31,635 36,374 45,877 32,427 35,513 'Thailand 25,288 30,297 30,870 29,632 31,747 'Viet Nam ,302 'China 5,253 5,227 5, ,237 'India , 'Indonesia 'Malaysia 'Australia 'Venezuela 'Mexico 'Myanmar 0 1 3, 'Singapore Tables XX Imports of Peppers in 2006 Exporters value 2006, USD 000 Trade balance 2006 in USD 000 Share in Malaysia 's imports, % quantity 2006 in Tons Unit value, (USD/ unit) growth in value growth in quantity growth in value 'World 9,313-3, , 'Thailand 6,953-6, , 'China 'Viet Nam , 'Indonesia 'Myanmar 'India , 'Malaysia , 'Australia , 'Hong Kong , Total export growth in value of partner countries

15 Tomato In 2007 Malaysia imported tomatoes equivalent to USD 2.1 million and the total quantity of imports made was 6,320 tons which had a unit value of USD 330 per ton. The average annual growths of imports from were 10% in value and 14% in quantity. The major partners' countries which provide tomatoes to Malaysia are Thailand (75% of total value), Australia (9.5%), Indonesia (6.9%), and China (5.4%). Tables XXI: Imports of Tomatoes from in Value in USD '000 Exporters 'World 2,101 2,288 2,234 1,271 2,085 'Thailand 1,357 1,622 1, ,557 'Australia 'Indonesia 'China 'Netherlands Tables XXII: Imports of Tomatoes from in Quantity Exporters 'World 6,875 7,849 7,277 3,589 6,320 'Thailand 5,628 6,858 6,055 3,168 5,379 'Indonesia 'China 'Australia 'Myanmar 'Malaysia 'Netherlands 'Viet Nam 'Singapore 'Turkey 'United States 'Japan Tables XXIII: Imports of Tomatoes in 2006 Exporters value 2006, USD 000 Trade balance 2006 in USD 000 Share in Malaysia 's imports, % quantity 2006 in Tons Unit value, (USD/ unit) growth in value growth in quantity growth in value 'World 1,271 9, , 'Thailand , 'Australia , 'China 'Netherland , 'Indonesia 'India 'USA , Total export growth in value of partner countries , %, 59

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17 Monthly Average Import Prices of Tomatoes in Malaysia Price per ton in US$' Months of 2006 'World 'Thailand 'China 'Australia 61

18 B. MARKET FOR TURMERIC 1. Market Trends: Import Opportunities and Consumption Items Change in % Major Markets in % Value Quantity Value $ Quantity Value Quantity $ '000 Tons '000 Tons Turmeric 2,242 2,817 3,083 4, India, Myanmar and China The demand for turmeric in Malaysia in the past five years increased tremendously. The available data indicate that the import value increases by 37.5% and quantity by %. Market prospects for turmeric are quite obvious in Malaysia. India is the major supplier of turmeric to Malaysia. 2. Imports Analysis In 2006 Malaysia imported turmeric equivalent to USD 2,830 thousands and the total Quantity of imports made by Malaysia was 3,868 tons which has a unit value of USD 732 per ton. The amount of imports made in value in was 17% and the import made in quantity in was 11%. The major shareholders of countries which provide turmeric to Malaysia are India, Myanmar and china with 84.6%, 11.9% and 3% share respectively. The average monthly prices are in decreasing trends (Chart). The data shows that the import quantities have from various sources have increased rapidly as compare to the increases in the prices of turmeric. India sold turmeric at $778/ton in 2007 just $7 below the average price of In 2007 prices charged by Myanmar increased to $491 per ton from $ 466 per ton in Average Monthly Import Prices of Turmeric in Malaysia US$ 000 per ton 'World 'India 'Myanmar Months in

19 Tables I: Imports of Turmeric Powder from in Value USD '000 Exporters value 2003 in value 2004 in value in 2005 value in 2006 value in 2007 'World 2,242 3,097 2,918 2,830 3,083 'India 1,745 2,261 2,217 2,395 2,617 'Myanmar 'Indonesia 'Pakistan 'Thailand 'Australia 'China Tables III: Imports of Turmeric from in quantity in Tons Exporters 'World 2,817 3,324 3,700 3,868 4,232 'India 1,991 2,392 2,660 3,051 3,364 'Myanmar 'Indonesia 'Pakistan 'Thailand 'Australia 'China Tables III: Imports of Turmeric in 2006 Exporters value 2006, USD thousand Trade balance 2006 in USD thousand Share in Malaysia' s imports, % quantity 2006 in Tons Unit value, (USD/ unit) growth in value growth in quantity growth in value 'World 2,830-2, , 'India 2,395-2, , 'Myanmar 'China 'Indonesia , 'Singapore 'Netherlands 12 'Viet Nam 93 Total export growth in value of partner countries , %, 63

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21 C. MARKET FOR SESAMUM SEEDS 1 Market Trends: Import Opportunities and Consumption Items Change in % Major Markets in % Value $ '000 Quantity Tons Value $ '000 Quantity Tons Value Quantity Sesamum 9% 4% India (77.8%), seeds Myanmar (10.7%), India's Export 5,529 (2003 Data) 7,195 30% Thailand (6.4%) Sesamum import, and consumption volume in Malaysia is growing. Available data indicate that the import value of Sesamum increased in five years time by 9% and in quantity it also increased by 4 per cent. The major exporters of Sesamum seeds to Malaysia are India (78%), Myanmar (11%), and Thailand (6%). India increased its export by 41% from year India's share in the world of sesamum export is 23%. Malaysia imports from India of Sesamum seeds covers 2.5% of export of India's Sesamum Seeds. 2. Imports Analysis In 2006 Malaysia imported sesame seeds equivalent to USD 5 million and the total quantity imported by Malaysia was 8,636 tons which had a unit value of USD 584 per ton.. By looking at the trend from we can see that in 2003 the import in terms of quantity was of 7,584 tons which increased in gradual manner to 8,459 tons in 2004 but later in 2006 it only increased to 8,636 tons and in 2007 it increases slightly to 9,131 tons, which shows that there has been increase in the trend of import to Malaysia of Sesamum seeds. India has a share of 77.8% in the import of sesame seeds in Malaysia which shows that India has a strong position in the import of sesame seeds. India traded with Malaysia with 5,529 tons of sesame seeds in 2003 which increased to 7,783 in 2007 which shows that the import of sesame seeds from India is the major source of import to Malaysia for sesame seeds. The exported unit price by India to Malaysia in the year 2002 was USD 547 per ton and it was USD 718 per ton in the year This shows that the unit price as well as the market shares in Malaysia increased by India in the past five years. Monthly Average Import Prices of Sesamum Seeds in Malaysia US $ 1000 per Ton 'World 'India 'Thailand 'Mexico Months in

22 Tables I : Imports of Sesames Seeds from in Quantity in Tons Exporters 'India 5,529 7,293 7,852 7,195 7,783 'Myanmar 1, 'Thailand 'China 'Australia 'Paraguay 'Taiwan, 'Mexico 'Indonesia 'Bangladesh Tables II : Imports of Sesames Seeds in 2006 Exporters value 2006, USD thousand Trade balance 2006 in USD thousand Share in Malaysia' s imports, % quantity 2006 in Tons Unit value, (USD/ unit) growth in value growth in quantity growth in value 'World 5,045-4, , 'India 3,927-3, , 'Myanmar 'Thailand , 'China 'Mexico , 'Austria , 'Indonesia , 'Taiwan , 'Ethiopia 58 'Netherland s -7 'Nigeria 39 'Paraguay 54 'Sudan 19 'Singapore 3-2 Total export growth in value of partner countries , %, 66

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24 D. MARKET FOR SOYA-BEAN OIL-CAKES AND SOLID RESIDUES 1 Market Trends: Import Opportunities and Consumption Items 2006 Change in % Annual Growth after 2002 Value USD '000 Quantity Tons Value Quantity Major Markets in % Soya Meals 202, ,572 21% 14% Argentina(90%), & India The import and consumption of Soya Meals in Malaysia is increasing positively. In the past five years the import increased by annual average rates of 14% in volume and by 21% in terms of value. Argentina and India are the major sources of supply of soya meals in Malaysia. 2. Imports Analysis In 2006 Malaysia imported soya meals equivalent to USD 203 million and the total quantity of import was 750,572 tons which had a unit value of USD 274 per Ton. The major suppliers are Argentina, India, Malaysia with 90.5%, 6.3%, 1.9% market shares respectively. By looking at the trend from we can see that in 2003 the import in terms of tons was of 465,455 which increased in gradual manner to 559,511 tons in 2004 and in 2006 it increases to 740,572 tons which shows that there has been increase in the trend of import to Malaysia of Soya meals. It is estimated that in 2007 total quantity imported was about 840, 000 tons. India does not hold a strong position in Malaysian market with the current share of 6.3% in the import of Soya meals. However, there is always prospect to increase the market share in future. In 2007 exports from India was tons, representing a decrease in export by 13.5% as compared to the previous years export (55,806 tons in 2006). The Average unit price of the world is USD 274 and India is exporting on USD 227 which is below the world average unit price and the price of Argentina, $277/ton. In the world India has 8.8% of market share in soya beans. Monthly Average Import Prices of Soya Meal in Malaysia 2.5 US $'000 per Ton 'World 'Argentina 'India 'China Months of

25 Tables I ; Soyabean Oil-cakes imported by Malaysia from Qty in Tons Exporters 'Argentina 386, , , , ,188 'India 25, ,592 22,673 55,806 48,271 'China 48,765 16,029 22, ,012 'Malaysia ,780 11,020 'USA ,024 6,066 9,090 'Indonesia ,401 'UAE 0 3,958 10, 'Pakistan 'Denmark 'Viet Nam 'Germany 'Brazil , 'Hong Kong (SARC) Tables II: Imports of Soya Meals in 2006 Exporters value 2006, USD thousand Trade balance 2006 in USD thousand Share in Malaysia' s imports, % quantity 2006 in Tons Unit value, (USD/ unit) growth in value growth in quantity growth in value 'World 202, , , 'Argentina 183, , , 'India 12,695-12, , 'Malaysia 3,942-3, , 'USA 1,519-1, , 'China , 'Denmark 'Myanmar 'Brazil 'Singapore 83 1, 'Netherland 'UAE Total export growth in value of partner countries

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28 E. MARKET FOR COTTON Market Trends: Import Opportunities and Consumption Items Change in % Major Markets in % in 2007 Cotton 5201 Value USD '000 Qty Tons Value USD '000 Qty Tons Value 54,655 46,442 53,101 38,140-3% -18% USA (21%), India (16%), Tanzania (8%), Switzerland (8.5%), Australia (8.5%) It is observed that the import and consumption of cotton in Malaysia show decreasing trends in the past five years. Malaysia imported tons of cotton amounting to US$54.1 million in Imports decrease in Value and Quantity by 3% and 18% respectively in 2007 as compared to The major exporters of Cotton, not carded and not combed to Malaysia are USA (21% of total import value), India (16%), Tanzania (8%), Switzerland (8%), and Australia (8%). The average price per Ton has gone up from US $ 1,176 in 2003 to US $ in Imports Analysis The major cotton trading partners of Malaysia are United States of America, India, Switzerland, Australia, Cameroon, and Brazil. The USA imported 8600 tons of cotton of US $11.3 million in Unit import value per Ton was recorded at US $1,314. Import from India in 2007 increased by 16% to $ 8.5 million of 6500 tons as compared to the year Indian cotton was paid US$ 1349 per ton in average by Malaysia in According to the available data price of cotton shows seasonal fluctuations. Annual price variation is very small. The prices are determined by the international commodity market. In 2005, average prices ranged from $1190 (Sept) to $1600 (April). The prices of UK origin ranged from $1180 (August) to $1760 (May), of US origin ranged from $1130 (March) to $ 2540 (May) and of Indian origin ranged from $1140 (May) to $1420 (December). Qty Average Monthly Import Price of Cotton in Malaysia US'000 per ton Months in 2005 'World 'USA 'India 'Australia 72

29 Table I: Imports of cotton, not carded and not combed from Amount in US Dollar Thousands Exporters value in 2003 value in 2004 value in 2005 value in 2006 value in 2007 'World 54,655 92,570 77,905 44,408 53,101 'United States of America 4,844 6,146 8,913 7,561 11,296 'India 3,081 3,366 2,045 5,364 8,464 'United Republic of Tanzania 2,155 2,220 3,944 4,772 4,593 'Switzerland 5,131 11,247 7,063 3,234 4,499 'Australia 2,813 5,810 9,483 5,970 4,392 'Cameroon 1,338 1,433 2,220 1,139 2,469 'Brazil 206 1,944 1,176 1,966 2,339 'Zimbabwe ,235 'Togo ,166 'Germany 1,354 3, ,777 'Mali ,459 'Uganda ,423 'Benin 530 1, ,349 'United Kingdom 8,638 9,743 10,031 2, 'Indonesia Table II: Imports of cotton, not carded and not combed from in Quantity Quantity in Tons Exporters quantity, Tons quantity, Tons quantity, Tons quantity, Tons quantity, Tons 'World 46,442 56,014 54,664 31,470 38,140 'United States of America 4,256 3,882 7,071 5,381 8,583 'India 2,487 1,989 1,701 4,276 6,303 'United Republic of Tanzania 1,853 1,493 3,786 3,758 3,440 'Switzerland 4,719 6,362 4,356 1,757 3,179 'Australia 1,953 3,357 6,114 4,021 2,495 'Cameroon , ,875 'Brazil 251 1, ,310 1,701 'Togo ,581 'Zimbabwe ,513 'Germany 999 2, ,345 'Mali ,100 'Benin 440 1, ,000 'Uganda 'United Kingdom 8,023 6,048 6,747 1, 'Indonesia

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