全国 2017 年 4 月高等教育自学考试

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1 摇绝密摇摇绎摇考试结束前摇摇摇摇摇摇摇摇摇摇摇摇摇摇摇摇摇摇摇摇摇摇摇摇摇 全国 2017 年 4 月高等教育自学考试 外刊经贸知识选读试题 课程代码 :00096 摇摇请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂 写在答题纸上 注意事项 : 摇 选择题部分 摇 1. 答题前, 考生务必将自己的考试课程名称 姓名 准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔 填写在答题纸规定的位置上 摇 摇 2. 每小题选出答案后, 用 2B 铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑 如需改动, 用橡 皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案标号 不能答在试题卷上 一 单项选择题 ( 本大题共 15 小题, 每小题 2 分, 共 30 分 ) 在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个可以替代句中划线的单词或词组, 请将其选出并将 答题纸冶的相应代码涂黑 错涂 多涂或未涂均无分 1. Faced with declining revenues, the Saudi Arabian government was reluctant to pay in cash but to offer crude oil of equivalent value. A. same B. extra C. double D. low 2. It 爷 s morally indefensible when companies contributing to destroying jobs and wealth also earn a lot of money. A. unsupportable B. reliable C. terrible D. dishonest 3. The Federal Reserve announced a plan to purchase $ 300 million long 鄄 term government bonds to bolster the nation 爷 s economy. A. accelerate B. support C. oppose D. adjust 4. Economists reckon that the euro will slide to less than parity with the dollar within a year. A. deny B. think C. suggest D. agree 5. One of the central justifications for the single market was its ability to create great economic prosperity. A. reasons B. results C. explanations D. disputes 浙 00096# 外刊经贸知识选读试题第 1 页 ( 共 6 页 )

2 6. Greece 爷 s budget deficit threatened the economic stability of languishing euro zone countries. A. wealthy B. progressive C. weak D. complicated 7. There is a violent backlash against the latest health care reform in the U. S.. A. acceptance B. resistance C. welcome D. misunderstanding 8. Japan has set targets to cut taxes, rein in powerful trade unions and reduce public spending. A. decrease B. supply C. control D. help 9. The slump in consumer confidence has created panic in the stock market. A. slowdown B. bankruptcy C. drop-off D. improvement 10. The aggregate output for developing countries advanced by less than 2% last year. A. total B. growing C. international D. slow 11. The multinational company is reaping rewards of its foreign investment in developing countries. A. appealing B. offering C. following D. getting 12. Western economists recently argue that China is the most dynamic market in the world. A. healthy B. active C. protective D. open 13. China is likely to supplant Japan as America 爷 s largest business partner in Asia. A. replace B. suspect C. select D. represent 14. The government should pay attention to the grassroots reaction to reform and open policy. A. officials B. masses C. staffs D. capitalists 15. Inadequate transport network and energy constraints are practical bottlenecks in our economy. A. advantages B. faults C. barriers D. bottlers 二 判断题 ( 本大题共 10 小题, 每小题 2 分, 共 20 分 ) 判断下列各题, 在答题纸相应位置正确的涂 A 冶, 错误的涂 B 冶 Passage 1 China Tries Guiding Foreign Investment 摇 摇 In the late 1980s and early 1990s, as China experienced booming annual growth rates of more than 10% and stepped up its move toward a market economy, billions of dollars of foreign investment went mainly into lucrative, short 鄄 term property development and fairly basic, low 鄄 technology manufacturing plants. 摇 摇 But the urban real estate sector has become thoroughly overheated. As a result of Beijing 爷 s 浙 00096# 外刊经贸知识选读试题第 2 页 ( 共 6 页 )

3 greater emphasis on managed investment, foreign investors will now be encouraged to move away from speculative property development and toward selected high 鄄 tech and infrastructure projects. Priority areas for investment would include the energy, transportation, telecommunications, biotechnology and environmental technology. Agriculture is also a priority. 摇摇 The total amount of foreign funds flowing into China in 1995 may not decline by much, analysts say, but foreign investors will find themselves asked to adjust their plans to fit China 爷 s next five 鄄 year plan of economic reform, which begins in 摇摇 Apart from channeling the flow of capital, the Chinese authorities are keen to reap benefits that go beyond money. They want more technology transfer, help in improving management at state enterprises and employee training. 摇摇 The bottleneck now is people, not technology, not capital, not bureaucracy, 冶 said one foreign investor. That is why we invest in training of thousands of Chinese managers, engineers and skilled workers. 冶 16. China 爷 s real estate sector needs more foreign investment. 17. Foreign investors went into property development for speculation. 18. Foreign investors are satisfied with China 爷 s workforce. 19. Analysts prospect that foreign funds flowing into China will decrease in Agriculture is encouraged by Chinese government for foreign investment. Passage 2 Tokyo 摇摇 American hopes that pressure from the U. S. will force Japan to suddenly dismantle its trade barriers are almost certain to evaporate in disappointment. 摇摇 The fact is that Washington faces an obstacle far more formidable than a few power brokers in Tokyo 爷 s government offices. It must buck centuries 鄄 old, deeply ingrained Japanese customs. To move the Japanese government, Washington must move an entire nation. 摇摇 So far, the U. S. has had only limited success despite congressional threats to retaliate. In an April 9 nationwide broadcast, Prime Minister Yasuhiro Nakasone urged the Japanese to buy more imported goods and unveiled a long 鄄 awaited three 鄄 year plan to ease import restrictions. But his program was far short of what Washington hoped to see. 摇摇 White House Chief of Staff Donald Regan said the Japanese offered few new or immediate measures, 冶 While the plan did promise fewer curbs on imports of telecommunications gear, 浙 00096# 外刊经贸知识选读试题第 3 页 ( 共 6 页 )

4 medicine and medical equipment, it offered no relief for American forest products which are among the most contentious trade issues. 摇摇 Nakasone gives every sign of being sincere in his desire to reduce a Japanese surplus in trade with the U. S. that hit billion dollars in 1984 and could soon top 50 billion. Yet to rely on any one Japanese political leader, no matter how popular he is at home, to reverse trade policies is to underestimate the culture and traditions that weigh heavily against a breakthrough. 21. Japan agrees to eliminate its trade barriers under the pressure of the U. S Washington faces obstacles not only from Tokyo 爷 s government offices but also from Japanese traditions. 23. Japan plans to spend three years to lessen its import restrictions. 24. American forest products will be exported to Japan more smoothly. 25. A popular Japanese political leader has the power to change Japan 爷 s trade policies. 非选择题部分 注意事项 : 摇摇用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔将答案写在答题纸上, 不能答在试题卷上 三 将下列中文词组译成英文 ( 本大题共 10 小题, 每小题 1 分, 共 10 分 ) 26. 赠券 27. 财政一揽子计划 28. 可兑换货币 29. 贸易制裁 30. 经济特区 31. 知识产权 32. 跨行业公司 33. 贸易逆差 34. 贴现率 35. 特许专营权四 将下列英语单词或词组译成中文 ( 本大题共 10 小题, 每小题 1 分, 共 10 分 ) 36. the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 37. portfolio investment 浙 00096# 外刊经贸知识选读试题第 4 页 ( 共 6 页 )

5 38. commercial hub 39. certificate of origin 40. per capita income 41. securities 42. insolvency 43. fledgling industries 44. tender 45. consumer goods 五 简答题 ( 本大题共 6 小题, 每小题 3 分, 共 18 分 ) Passage 1 摇摇 The slowdown of the industrial countries in 1991 partly originated in structural problems inherited from the 1980s. Slower growth in Europe in 1991 revealed that unemployment, for instance, was still a structurally problematic area. Financial stress brought on by excessive debt in the household and corporate sectors was an example of another kind of structural problem, in particular for the economies of Japan and the United States. Financial institutions in these two countries adopted more conservative lending policies, curtailing financing of higher 鄄 risk projects such as commercial construction and highly leveraged corporate transactions. A number of weaker institutions were also consolidated through bankruptcy, merger and reorganization. These developments played some part in the general tightening of credit during 1991, which may have helped to slow the pace of investment in the United States and Japan. Weak growth of credit and a fall in some asset prices probably slowed consumption, as well. 46. Did a fall in some asset prices 冶 have anything to do with weak growth of credit 冶? 47. What does consumption 冶 here? Is it consumption of the consumer goods or that of the capital goods? 48. How could weak growth of credit and a fall in some asset prices 冶 slow down consumption? Passage 2 摇摇 In the past few days differences between the United States and the European Community on farm trade have narrowed almost to nothing. As a result the world is now close to concluding the Uruguay round of GATT talks. That deal is admittedly far from perfect, a series of messy compromises. The cause of free trade will have many more battles to fight. Never mind. On a 浙 00096# 外刊经贸知识选读试题第 5 页 ( 共 6 页 )

6 conservative estimate the Uruguay round would permanently raise global welfare by more than $ 100 billion a year, spur economic growth everywhere (especially in the world 爷 s poorest countries) and extend competition to hitherto sheltered, and therefore backward, parts of all economies. By any standards, it would be a hugely valuable achievement. 49. On what grounds does it say the Uruguay round would... spur economic growth everywhere 冶? 50. What does sheltered 冶 mean here? 51. Why would an economy be backward once it is sheltered 冶? 六 翻译题 ( 本大题 12 分 ) 52. 摇摇 For most people involved in the production and trading of soft 冶 or agricultural commodities, this is proving to be a grim decade. Prices are in many cases at, or near, historic lows in real terms as markets struggle to cope with floods of surplus produce. And with most soothsayers forecasting flat, or still lower, prices the markets themselves have lost much of their allure. Speculators who profited handsomely from the price volatility of the 1970s have deserted soft commodities for the newer excitement of financial futures or the security and big yields afforded by the equity and money markets. It is strange, indeed, to observe that only 10 years have elapsed since many respected forecasters were warning of impending global shortages of basic raw materials and foodstuffs. 浙 00096# 外刊经贸知识选读试题第 6 页 ( 共 6 页 )