The Impacts of Trade Openness and Human Capital on Manufacture Wage Gap in China An Empirical Analysis Based on Threshold Effect Model

Transcription

1 POPULATION & ECONOMICS No Tot. No ~ F244 A The Impacts of Trade Openness and Human Capital on Manufacture Wage Gap in China An Empirical Analysis Based on Threshold Effect Model LIANG Ying 1 2 LI Jin-ling 2 1. School of International Trade and Economics Central University of Finances and Economics Beijing China 2. Business School Inner Mongalia Finance and Economics University Huhehaote China Abstract Based on the panel data of 28 provinces during 1998 ~ 2010 the paper analyze the threshold effect of the human capital on the trade openness to high-skilled labor and low-skilled labor s manufacture wage gap in China through the threshold effect model. The results of the study show that the human capital has a single threshold when trade openness and export openness are the dependant variables. As long as the human capital is higher than threshold value trade openness can

2 broaden the wage gap. While the human capital is lower than threshold value trade openness will narrow the wage gap significantly. As the same time the human capital has double threshold effect to the dependents variables of import openness. As long as the human capital is higher than threshold value import openness can broaden the wage gap significantly. But this expansion becomes no longer significant while the human capital is lower than threshold value. To threshold value of trade openness there are 17 provinces belongings to the lower human capital area and 11 provinces belongings to the higher human capital area in Keywords trade openness human capital wage cap threshold effect model % Stolper-Samuelson Theorem S - S Wood Leamer 2 ~ 3 Freeman and Oostendorp H-O-S 3 4 Krugman OECD GDP 2% H-O-S 5 Feenstra & Hanson 6 Acemoglu 7 ~ 8 Helpman 9 S-S Heckscher Ohlin H-O H-O S-S H-O-S 76

3 10 Haral Beyer 11 Reshef H-O-S 12 Goldberg & Pavcnik 13 Robertson 14 Green & Dickerson ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ %

4 q i r q i r q i > r Hansen 31 WAGE it = C + β 1 FDI it + β 2 RD it + β 3 UNE it + α 1 OPEN it I HUM it r + α 2 OPEN it I HUM it > r ε it 1 1 WAGE it = C + β 1 FDI it + β 2 RD it + β 3 UNE it + α 1 EXP it I HUM it r + α 2 EXP it I HUM it > r ε it 2 WAGE it = C + β 1 FDI it + β 2 RD it + β 3 UNE it + α 1 IMP it I HUM it r + α 2 IMP it I HUM it > r ε it 3 I ~ Stata11 1 WAGE Avalos et 50% 50% ~ % 12 50% OPEN EXP IMP GDP GDP GDP

5 HUM UNE J ntti 33 2 FDI GDP 1978 GDP 3 R&D R&D GDP R&D 1. F Bootstrap P 1 1 F P BS 1% 5% 10% *** *** *** *** *** ** * 1% 5% 10% 1% 1% % HUM > HUM w h /w 1 it = C + β 1 FDI it + β 2 RD it + β 3 UNE it + α 1 IM it I HUM it r 1 + α 2 IM it I r 1 < HUM it r 2 + α 3 IM it I HUM it > r 2 + ε it 79

6 % I HUM r I HUM > r 80

7 4 FDI R&D UNE I HUM r I HUM > r I HUM r 1 I r 1 < HUM r 2 I HUM > r *** *** *** * *** *** *** ** *** *** *** *** R P *** ** * 1% 5% 10% I HUM r 1 I r 1 < HUM r 2 I HUM > r 2 FDI FDI 1% FDI R&D 81

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