NEW ISSUE BOOK ENTRY ONLY S&P: AAFitch: AASee RATINGS herein

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1 NEW ISSUE BOOK ENTRY ONLY RATINGS: S&P: AAFitch: AASee RATINGS herein In the opinion of Hawkins Delafield & Wood LLP, Bond Counsel to the Issuer, under existing statutes and court decisions and assuming continuing compliance with certain tax covenants described herein, (i) interest on the Series 2016A Bonds is excluded from gross income for Federal income tax purposes pursuant to Section 103 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the Code ), and (ii) interest on the Series 2016A Bonds is not treated as a preference item in calculating the alternative minimum tax imposed on individuals and corporations under the Code; such interest, however, is included in the adjusted current earnings of certain corporations for purposes of calculating the alternative minimum tax imposed on such corporations. In addition, in the opinion of Bond Counsel to the Issuer, under existing statutes, interest on the Series 2016A Bonds is exempt from the State of Arizona income tax. See TAX MATTERS herein. $803,500,000 The Industrial Development Authority of the County of Maricopa Revenue Bonds (Banner Health) Series 2016A Dated: Date of Issuance Due: January 1, as set forth below The Series 2016A Bonds are special and limited obligations of The Industrial Development Authority of the County of Maricopa (the Issuer ), and are payable solely from and secured exclusively by payments, revenues and other amounts pledged under the Bond Indenture, including payments to be made by Banner Health (the Corporation ) under the Loan Agreement, and payments to be made by the Obligated Group (as defined herein) on an Obligation to be issued by the Corporation, as Obligated Group Representative of the Obligated Group, under the Master Trust Indenture. The proceeds of the Series 2016A Bonds will be used to (i) advance refund certain indebtedness as described herein and (ii) pay certain costs of issuing the Series 2016A Bonds. Maturities, Principal Amounts, Interest Rates, Prices, Yields and CUSIPs Maturity (January 1) c Interest Rate 4.000% Amount $ 21,035,000 18,925,000 19,765,000 20,430,000 22,815,000 10,000,000 13,245,000 24,200,000 23,845,000 25,330,000 44,395,000 48,950,000 1,885,000 72,930,000 50,705,000 27,660,000 37,530,000 16,800,000 46,525,000 10,225,000 59,455,000 26,050,000 27,020, ,000,000 33,780,000 Price % c c c c c c c c c c c Yield 1.100% c 2.810c 2.870c 3.170c 2.920c c 3.320c 3.010c 3.400c c 3.410c CUSIP 56682HBJ HBK HBL HBM HBN HBP HCJ HBQ HBR HBS HBT HBU HCD HBV HBW HCE HBX HCF HBY HCG HBZ HCA HCB HCC HCH0 Price and Yield to January 1, 2027 Call Date. Interest on the Series 2016A Bonds is initially payable semiannually on each January 1 and July 1, commencing on January 1, The Series 2016A Bonds are issuable only in registered form, and, when issued, will be registered in the name of Cede & Co., as nominee of The Depository Trust Company ( DTC ), New York, New York, an automated depository for securities and clearing house for securities transactions. DTC will act as securities depository for the Series 2016A Bonds. Individual purchases will be made in book-entry form only in denominations of $5,000 or any integral multiple thereof. Purchasers of the Series 2016A Bonds will not receive certificates representing their interests in the Series 2016A Bonds purchased. So long as DTC or its nominee is the registered owner of the Series 2016A Bonds, payment of the principal of, and interest on the Series 2016A Bonds will be made directly by The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as Bond Trustee for the Series 2016A Bonds, to DTC, which will in turn remit such payments to its Participants, which will in turn remit such payments to the Beneficial Owners of the Series 2016A Bonds as described herein. The Series 2016A Bonds are subject to optional and extraordinary redemption prior to maturity on the dates and under the circumstances described in this Official Statement. THE SERIES 2016A BONDS DO NOT REPRESENT OR CONSTITUTE A DEBT OF THE ISSUER, THE COUNTY OF MARICOPA, THE STATE OF ARIZONA OR ANY POLITICAL SUBDIVISION THEREOF WITHIN THE MEANING OF THE PROVISIONS OF THE CONSTITUTION OR STATUTES OF THE STATE OF ARIZONA OR A PLEDGE OF THE FAITH AND CREDIT OF THE ISSUER, THE COUNTY OF MARICOPA, THE STATE OF ARIZONA OR ANY POLITICAL SUBDIVISION THEREOF. THE ISSUANCE OF THE SERIES 2016A BONDS DOES NOT OBLIGATE, IN ANY WAY, THE ISSUER, THE COUNTY OF MARICOPA, THE STATE OF ARIZONA OR ANY POLITICAL SUBDIVISION THEREOF TO LEVY ANY TAXES OR APPROPRIATE ANY FUNDS FOR THE PAYMENT OF THE PRINCIPAL THEREOF OR THE INTEREST ON THE SERIES 2016A BONDS. THE ISSUER HAS NO TAXING POWER. This cover page contains information for general reference only. It is not intended as a summary of this transaction. Investors are advised to read the entire Official Statement, including the Appendices, to obtain information essential to making an informed investment decision. The Series 2016A Bonds are offered when, as and if issued by the Issuer and received by the Underwriters, subject to prior sale and to the approval of legality by Hawkins Delafield & Wood LLP, New York, New York, Bond Counsel. Certain legal matters will be passed upon for the Issuer by its counsel, Ryley Carlock & Applewhite, Phoenix, Arizona; for the Obligated Group by its special counsel, Lewis Roca Rothgerber Christie LLP, Phoenix, Arizona, and by its Senior Vice President and General Counsel; and for the Underwriters by their special counsel, Dentons US LLP, Chicago, Illinois. For details of the Underwriters compensation, see UNDERWRITING herein. It is expected that the Series 2016A Bonds in definitive form will be available for delivery to DTC in New York, New York, on or about November 17, J. P. MORGAN MORGAN STANLEY Bank of America Merrill Lynch The date of this Official Statement is October 12, 2016 Citigroup

2 Washakie Medical Center Platte County Memorial Hospital Banner Lassen Medical Center Banner Churchill Community Hospital Jackson Hole Wyoming Cheyenne Community Hospital Nebraska Sacramento Reno Nevada Banner Fort Collins Medical Center McKee Medical Center Denver Lincoln Ogallala Community Hospital California Las Vegas Page Hospital Colorado Sterling Regional MedCenter East Morgan County Hospital North Colorado Medical Center Banner Boswell Medical Center Banner Del E. Webb Medical Center Banner Estrella Medical Center Banner Thunderbird Medical Center Banner University Medical Center South Flagstaff Arizona Payson Phoenix Casa Grande Tucson Banner Desert Medical Center Cardon Children s Medical Center Banner Behavioral Health Banner Heart Hospital Banner Baywood Medical Center Banner Gateway Medical Center/Banner MD Anderson Cancer Center Banner Goldfield Medical Center Banner Ironwood Medical Center Banner Casa Grande Medical Center Banner University Medical Center Tucson Diamond Children s Medical Center University of Arizona Cancer Center Banner Payson Medical Center Banner University Medical Center Phoenix

3 This Official Statement does not constitute an offer to sell the Series 2016A Bonds or the solicitation of an offer to buy, nor shall there be any sale of the Series 2016A Bonds by any person in any state or other jurisdiction to any person to whom it is unlawful to make an offer, solicitation or sale in that state or jurisdiction. No dealer, salesman or any other person has been authorized to give any information or to make any representation other than those contained in this Official Statement in connection with the offering of the Series 2016A Bonds and, if given or made, that information or representation must not be relied upon. The information set forth under the captions, THE ISSUER and ABSENCE OF MATERIAL LITIGATION Issuer has been furnished by the Issuer. The information set forth under the caption, BOOK-ENTRY ONLY SYSTEM General has been furnished by DTC. All other information in this Official Statement has been obtained from the Obligated Group and other sources that are believed to be reliable, but is not to be construed as a representation of J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC, Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated or Citigroup Global Markets Inc. (collectively, the Underwriters ). The information and expressions of opinion in this Official Statement are subject to change without notice, and neither the delivery of this Official Statement, nor any sale made hereunder, shall under any circumstances create any implication that there has been no change in the affairs of the Issuer, DTC or the Obligated Group since the date of this Official Statement. The Issuer has not prepared or assisted in the preparation of this Official Statement, including any financial information included or attached and, except for the information contained under the captions THE ISSUER and ABSENCE OF MATERIAL LITIGATION Issuer, the Issuer is not responsible for any statements made in this Official Statement. Accordingly, the Issuer disclaims responsibility for the disclosures set forth in this Official Statement, except for the information contained under the captions THE ISSUER and ABSENCE OF MATERIAL LITIGATION Issuer, or otherwise made in connection with the offer, sale and distribution of the Series 2016A Bonds. The Underwriters have provided the following sentence for inclusion in this Official Statement. The Underwriters have reviewed the information in this Official Statement in accordance with, and as part of, their responsibilities to investors under the federal securities laws as applied to the facts and circumstances of this transaction, but the Underwriters do not guarantee the accuracy or completeness of this information. CUSIP numbers are included in this Official Statement for the convenience of the holders and potential holders of the Series 2016A Bonds. CUSIP is a trademark of the American Bankers Association. The CUSIP numbers are provided by Standard and Poor s, CUSIP Service Bureau, a division of The McGraw- Hill Companies, Inc. These numbers are not intended to create a database and do not serve in any way as a substitute for the CUSIP Service. The CUSIP numbers shown on the cover hereof have been assigned to this issue by an organization not affiliated with the Issuer, the Underwriters or any Member of the Obligated Group and are included for convenience only. None of the Issuer, the Underwriters or any Member of the Obligated Group is responsible for the selection of CUSIP numbers, nor is any representation made as to their correctness on the Series 2016A Bonds or as indicated herein. IN CONNECTION WITH THE OFFERING OF THE SERIES 2016A BONDS, AN UNDERWRITER MAY OVER-ALLOT OR EFFECT TRANSACTIONS WHICH STABILIZE OR MAINTAIN THE MARKET PRICE OF SUCH SERIES 2016A BONDS OFFERED HEREBY AT LEVELS ABOVE THOSE WHICH MIGHT OTHERWISE PREVAIL IN THE OPEN MARKET. SUCH STABILIZING, IF COMMENCED, MAY BE DISCONTINUED AT ANY TIME. THE SERIES 2016A BONDS HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, AND THE BOND INDENTURE AND THE MASTER INDENTURE HAVE NOT BEEN QUALIFIED UNDER THE TRUST INDENTURE ACT OF 1939, AS AMENDED, IN RELIANCE UPON EXEMPTIONS CONTAINED IN SUCH ACTS. THE REGISTRATION OR

4 QUALIFICATION OF THE SERIES 2016A BONDS IN ACCORDANCE WITH APPLICABLE PROVISIONS OF LAWS OF THE STATES IN WHICH SERIES 2016A BONDS HAVE BEEN REGISTERED OR QUALIFIED AND THE EXEMPTION FROM REGISTRATION OR QUALIFICATION IN OTHER STATES CANNOT BE REGARDED AS A RECOMMENDATION THEREOF. NEITHER THESE STATES NOR ANY OF THEIR AGENCIES HAVE PASSED UPON THE MERITS OF THE SERIES 2016A BONDS OR THE ACCURACY OR COMPLETENESS OF THIS OFFICIAL STATEMENT. ANY REPRESENTATION TO THE CONTRARY MAY BE A CRIMINAL OFFENSE. CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS IN THIS OFFICIAL STATEMENT Certain statements included or incorporated by reference in this Official Statement constitute projections or estimates of future events, generally known as forward-looking statements. These statements are generally identifiable by the terminology used such as plan, expect, estimate, budget or other similar words. These forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, the information under the caption BONDHOLDERS RISKS in the forepart of this Official Statement and the information in APPENDIX A to this Official Statement. The achievement of certain results or other expectations contained in such forward-looking statements involves known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors which may cause actual results, performance or achievements described to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. The Obligated Group does not plan to issue any updates or revisions to those forward-looking statements if or when changes in their expectations, or events, conditions or circumstances on which such statements are based, occur. Information provided by the Obligated Group for interim reporting periods should not be taken as being indicative of full year results for many of the reasons set forth above.

5 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page INTRODUCTION... 1 PLAN OF FINANCING... 6 ESTIMATED SOURCES AND USES OF FUNDS... 6 DEBT SERVICE REQUIREMENTS... 7 THE ISSUER... 8 THE SERIES 2016A BONDS... 9 BOOK-ENTRY ONLY SYSTEM SECURITY FOR THE SERIES 2016A BONDS BONDHOLDERS RISKS ABSENCE OF MATERIAL LITIGATION UNDERWRITING FINANCIAL ADVISOR TAX MATTERS CONTINUING DISCLOSURE LEGAL MATTERS RATINGS VERIFICATION OF MATHEMATICAL COMPUTATIONS FINANCIAL STATEMENTS INTERIM FINANCIAL INFORMATION MISCELLANEOUS APPENDIX A - Information Concerning Banner Health APPENDIX B - Audited Consolidated Financial Statements of Banner Health and Subsidiaries as of and for the Years Ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 APPENDIX C - Certain Provisions of Principal Documents APPENDIX D - Form of Opinion of Bond Counsel (i)

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7 OFFICIAL STATEMENT $803,500,000 The Industrial Development Authority of the County of Maricopa Revenue Bonds (Banner Health) Series 2016A INTRODUCTION General This Official Statement, including the cover page and Appendices hereto, is provided to furnish information with respect to the sale and delivery by The Industrial Development Authority of the County of Maricopa (the Issuer ) of its Revenue Bonds (Banner Health), Series 2016A (the Series 2016A Bonds ). The Series 2016A Bonds will be issued pursuant to a Bond Indenture dated as of October 1, 2016 (the Bond Indenture ), between the Issuer and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as Bond Trustee (the Bond Trustee ). The proceeds of the sale of the Series 2016A Bonds will be loaned by the Issuer to Banner Health (the Corporation ) pursuant to a Loan Agreement dated as of October 1, 2016 (the Loan Agreement ), between the Issuer and the Corporation. All capitalized terms used in this Official Statement and not otherwise defined herein shall have the same meanings included in APPENDIX C, CERTAIN PROVISIONS OF PRINCIPAL DOCUMENTS. Purpose of the Series 2016A Bonds The proceeds of the sale of the Series 2016A Bonds will be used together with other funds for the purpose of (i) refinancing the acquisition, construction, renovation, improvement, furnishing, and equipping of certain capital improvements on the campuses of certain of the health facilities and related facilities, through the advance refunding of certain portions of the Arizona Health Facilities Authority Revenue Bonds (Banner Health), Series 2008A and the Arizona Health Facilities Authority Revenue Bonds (Banner Health), Series 2008D, in each case maturing on or after January 1, 2019 (the Prior Bonds ); and (ii) paying costs of issuance of the Series 2016A Bonds and the refunding of the Prior Bonds. See PLAN OF FINANCING herein. Banner Health Banner Health is an Arizona nonprofit corporation and a tax-exempt organization described in Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the Code ). The Corporation together with its affiliates, forms one of the largest secular nonprofit health care systems in the United States which as of June 30, 2016, owned or leased 28 acute care hospitals in seven states with a total of approximately 5,177 licensed acute care beds and approximately 421 behavioral and rehabilitation licensed beds; one behavioral health facility with 96 licensed beds; and one rehabilitation facility with a total of 91 licensed skilled nursing beds. The Corporation also operates home health agencies, nursing registries and home medical equipment supply services. On February 28, 2015, Banner acquired, through a merger with the University of Arizona Health Network ( UAHN ) and related transactions, a 467- licensed bed tertiary hospital in Tucson (now known as Banner - University Medical Center Tucson )( B UMCT ), an approximately 610-physician faculty

8 practice plan for The University of Arizona College of Medicine - Tucson ( COM-T ) (now known as Banner - University Medical Group )( B UMG ), and health plans which cover approximately 143,000 lives. Banner also assumed the lease agreement with Pima County for a 245-licensed bed hospital in Tucson (now known as the Banner - University Medical Center South ) ( B UMCS ). Simultaneously, Banner and The University of Arizona ( UA ) entered into a thirty year academic affiliation agreement providing for substantial ongoing financial support by the Corporation of COM-T and The University of Arizona College of Medicine -Phoenix ( COM-P ), and for Banner Good Samaritan Medical Center (renamed Banner - University Medical Center Phoenix )( B UMCP ) to become the primary teaching affiliate of COM-P. In connection with these transactions, the Corporation became the sole member of two limited liability companies, Banner - University Medical Center Tucson Campus, LLC ( B UMCT, LLC ) which owns B UMCT, and Banner - University Medical Center South Campus, LLC ( B UMCS, LLC ) which holds the lease for B UMCS. B UMTC, LLC and B UMCS, LLC joined the Obligated Group on and as of February 28, APPENDIX A contains summary information about the history, organization and operations of the Corporation, B UMCT, LLC, B UMCS, LLC and other subsidiaries and affiliates of the Corporation, and more detail on the Transaction. APPENDIX A also contains certain summary financial statements and certain pro forma financial information providing additional information on the Corporation, B UMCT, LLC, B UMCS, LLC, UAHN and the pro forma impact of the issuance of the Series 2016A Bonds (described herein) (including capitalization, debt service coverage and liquidity) based on certain assumptions. Audited consolidated financial statements for the Corporation and Subsidiaries for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 are included in APPENDIX B to this Official Statement. Audited consolidated financial statements of The University of Arizona Health Network and Subsidiaries for the Years End June 30, 2014 and 2013 and the Eight Month Period Ended February 27, 2015 and the year ended June 30, 2014 are included in APPENDIX B to the Official Statement for the Arizona Health Facilities Authority Revenue Bonds (Banner Health) Series 2015A which is posted on the Municipal Securities Rulemaking Board s ( MSRB ) Electronic Municipal Market Access system ( EMMA ), found at Such financial information is incorporated herein by reference. For the year ended December 31, 2015, the Obligated Group accounted for approximately 79% of Banner s consolidated revenue, 222% of Banner s consolidated operating income and 314% of Banner s consolidated excess of revenues over expenses; for the year ended December 31, 2015, the Obligated Group had excess of revenues over expenses of $263 million. See APPENDIX A and APPENDIX B. The Obligated Group The Corporation, B UMCT, LLC and B UMCS, LLC (collectively, the Obligated Group ) and U.S. Bank National Association, as master trustee (the Master Trustee ), are parties to an Amended and Restated Master Indenture dated as of October 15, 1998, as supplemented and amended (the Master Indenture ). The Corporation is the Obligated Group Representative under the Master Indenture, and has no present intent to add additional Members to the Obligated Group. Certain of the affiliates of the Obligated Group Members may in the future be designated as Obligated Group Affiliates (the Obligated Group Affiliates ) under the Master Indenture as described in more detail herein. No Obligated Group Affiliate has been so designated to date. In connection with any designation of an Obligated Group Affiliate pursuant to the Master Indenture, the Obligated Group Representative is required under the Master Indenture to designate a Member to establish and maintain control (through corporate control or pursuant to a contract) over such Obligated Group Affiliate (the Controlling Member ). The Obligated Group Representative, at its sole discretion, may add Obligated Group Affiliates at any time and may remove Obligated Group Affiliates at any time so long as such removal does not immediately cause a default in the performance or observance of any -2-

9 term of the Master Indenture. Only the Members of the Obligated Group, however, are directly obligated to make payments on the obligations issued under the Master Indenture (the Obligations ). Other entities may become Members of the Obligated Group in accordance with the procedures set forth in the Master Indenture. Any future Members of the Obligated Group will be jointly and severally liable for the repayment of all Obligations. Members of the Obligated Group are liable on all Obligations regardless of whether such Obligations are issued for their benefit. Upon satisfaction of the conditions set forth in the Master Indenture, any Member may withdraw from the Obligated Group and be released from its obligations under the Master Indenture. See the captions CERTAIN PROVISIONS OF PRINCIPAL DOCUMENTS CERTAIN PROVISIONS OF THE MASTER INDENTURE COVENANTS OF EACH MEMBER Membership in Obligated Group and Withdrawal from Obligated Group in APPENDIX C hereto. Security for the Series 2016A Bonds The Bond Indenture and the Loan Agreement. The Series 2016A Bonds will be issued under the Bond Indenture. Concurrently with the issuance of the Series 2016A Bonds, the Corporation and the Issuer will enter into the Loan Agreement. Pursuant to the Loan Agreement, the Issuer will loan the proceeds of the Series 2016A Bonds to the Corporation. The Corporation will issue its Series 2016A Obligation (the Series 2016A Obligation ) to secure its obligations under the Loan Agreement. The Series 2016A Obligation will be issued pursuant to the Master Indenture and pursuant to Supplemental Master Indenture No. 84 (2016A) dated as of October 1, 2016, between the Corporation and the Master Trustee. The payments required under the Series 2016A Obligation are intended to be sufficient, together with other moneys available therefor, to make payments, when due, of the principal of, and interest on the Series 2016A Bonds. Payments made by the Obligated Group pursuant to the Series 2016A Obligation constitute repayment on the loan made pursuant to the Loan Agreement. No additional bonds may be issued under the Bond Indenture, although additional debt may be incurred by the Obligated Group pursuant to the Master Indenture. In order to secure payment of the Series 2016A Bonds, the Issuer will pledge and assign to the Bond Trustee the payments to be received by the Issuer pursuant to the Loan Agreement, except its rights to indemnification and payment of fees and expenses (the Unassigned Rights ), the Series 2016A Obligation, and all moneys and investments from time to time on deposit in the funds and accounts created under the Bond Indenture (collectively, the Pledge and Assignment ). The Pledge and Assignment by the Issuer pursuant to the Bond Indenture secures ratably the Series 2016A Bonds. The Master Indenture. The Series 2016A Obligation will be issued pursuant to the Master Indenture. Upon issuance, the Series 2016A Obligation will be the general obligation of the Obligated Group, secured by a Gross Revenues pledge of the Obligated Group under the Master Indenture, which pledge may not be released without the consent of the holders of a majority in principal amount of the Series 2016A Bonds and subject to the requirements of any other Obligations outstanding under the Master Indenture. Each Member of the Obligated Group is jointly and severally obligated to make payments pursuant to the Master Indenture. Pursuant to the Master Indenture, should an Obligated Group Affiliate and corresponding Controlling Member be designated, such Controlling Member will covenant and agree that it will cause each of its Obligated Group Affiliates to pay, loan or otherwise transfer to the Obligated Group Representative such amounts as are necessary to enable the Members to comply with the provisions of the Master Indenture, including without limitation the Members covenant to jointly and severally pay or cause to be paid promptly any payment required to be made by any Member pursuant to the Master Indenture or any Obligation (including the Series 2016A Obligation). Upon issuance of the Series 2016A Bonds and the Series 2016A Obligation, no Obligated Group Affiliates will be designated. -3-

10 No assurance can be given that, if any Obligated Group Affiliates are so designated, any Controlling Member will, in all circumstances, be able to exercise such power or enforce such provisions (including, without limitation, causing an Obligated Group Affiliate to transfer funds to make payments on the Series 2016A Obligation). The Master Indenture applies directly only to the Members of the Obligated Group and any future Member of the Obligated Group. However, the Master Indenture requires that if an Obligated Group Affiliate is designated, the corresponding Controlling Member covenants and will cause such Obligated Group Affiliate to comply with certain covenants in the Master Indenture. Further, the Master Indenture imposes restrictions on the merger or consolidation of any Member or Obligated Group Affiliate, the encumbrance of Property and the sale or conveyance of all or substantially all of the assets of any Member or Obligated Group Affiliate. See CERTAIN PROVISIONS OF PRINCIPAL DOCUMENTS CERTAIN PROVISIONS OF THE MASTER INDENTURE COVENANTS OF EACH MEMBER Negative Pledge, Debt Coverage and Merger, Consolidation, Sale or Conveyance in APPENDIX C attached hereto and BONDHOLDERS RISKS Certain Matters Relating to Security for the Series 2016A Bonds. THE MASTER INDENTURE DOES NOT CONTAIN ANY LIMITATIONS ON OR TESTS FOR THE INCURRENCE OF ADDITIONAL INDEBTEDNESS FOR ANY MEMBER OF THE OBLIGATED GROUP OR ANY OBLIGATED GROUP AFFILIATE OR ANY LIMITATIONS ON OR TESTS FOR SALES OR TRANSFERS OF LESS THAN ALL OR LESS THAN SUBSTANTIALLY ALL OF THE ASSETS OF ANY MEMBER OR OBLIGATED GROUP AFFILIATE. The Master Indenture permits additional Indebtedness of any Member or any Obligated Group Affiliate to be secured by security which need not be extended to any other Indebtedness (including the Series 2016A Obligation). The Obligated Group has granted to the Master Trustee a security interest in its Gross Revenues, which security interest may not be released without the consent of the holders of a majority in principal amount of the Series 2016A Bonds and subject to the requirements of any other Obligations outstanding under the Master Indenture. For a more detailed description of the Master Indenture, see SECURITY FOR THE SERIES 2016A BONDS herein and CERTAIN PROVISIONS OF PRINCIPAL DOCUMENTS CERTAIN PROVISIONS OF THE MASTER INDENTURE in APPENDIX C. Although the Master Indenture requires that the income and assets of Obligated Group Affiliates be included in calculations under the Master Indenture, it also provides that after an entity is designated as an Obligated Group Affiliate, the Obligated Group Representative may at any time declare that such entity is no longer an Obligated Group Affiliate so long as such declaration does not immediately cause a default in the performance or observance of any term of the Master Indenture. There can be no assurance that entities will in the future be designated as Obligated Group Affiliates, or if designated, that they will remain Obligated Group Affiliates. Outstanding Indebtedness and Obligations Immediately following the issuance of the Series 2016A Bonds and the defeasance of the Prior Bonds, approximately $2.8 billion in principal amount of Indebtedness will be outstanding and secured by Obligations issued under the Master Indenture (excluding Obligations issued by the Corporation in connection with Financial Products Agreements (i.e., interest rate swaps) or to direct bank purchasers to secure obligations under bank covenant agreements or to providers of credit or liquidity enhancement). See Notes 8 and 13 to the audited consolidated financial statements of the Corporation and Subsidiaries included in APPENDIX B. -4-

11 Covenants Related to Other Series of Bonds The credit and liquidity agreements with certain providers of credit enhancement on certain of the Obligated Group s outstanding indebtedness, and agreements with certain banks that have provided loans or purchased bonds issued for the benefit of the Obligated Group, and agreements with swap providers, contain certain additional covenants and restrictions (collectively, the Bank Covenants ) solely for the benefit of such credit providers, swap providers or banks, as applicable (collectively, the Banks ). These Bank Covenants and restrictions may be waived, modified or amended by the applicable Bank(s) in their sole discretion and without notice to or consent by the bond trustee of any outstanding bonds, the Bond Trustee, the Master Trustee, the holders of outstanding bonds, including the Series 2016A Bonds, the holders of any Obligations or any other Person. Violation of any of such covenants may result in an Event of Default under the Master Indenture, which could result in acceleration of all of the Obligations, including the Series 2016A Obligation. The Series 2016A Bonds are not insured by a bond insurance policy, or supported by a credit facility or liquidity facility. Copies of the credit and liquidity agreements relating to certain of the Obligated Group s outstanding bonds are posted on EMMA. The Bank Covenants are not identical in each agreement with a bank or credit provider. See APPENDIX C CERTAIN PROVISIONS OF PRINCIPAL DOCUMENTS CERTAIN PROVISIONS OF THE MASTER INDENTURE DEFAULTS. Possible Substitution of Series 2016A Obligation The Bond Indenture requires the Bond Trustee to surrender to the Master Trustee the Series 2016A Obligation in exchange for replacement obligations issued under a new master indenture by a new obligated group of which the Corporation or any other Member of the Obligated Group may or may not be a member under certain conditions, including, but not limited to, confirmation from each Rating Agency then maintaining a rating on the Series 2016A Bonds that the rating on the Series 2016A Bonds will not be reduced or withdrawn and the receipt by the Bond Trustee of a Favorable Opinion of Bond Counsel. See CERTAIN PROVISIONS OF PRINCIPAL DOCUMENTS CERTAIN PROVISIONS OF THE BOND INDENTURE MODIFICATIONS OR AMENDMENTS Release and Substitution of Series 2016A Obligation in APPENDIX C attached hereto. Bondholders Risks There are risks associated with the purchase of Series 2016A Bonds. See BONDHOLDERS RISKS herein for a discussion of some of these risks. Miscellaneous The foregoing and subsequent summaries or description of provisions of the Series 2016A Bonds, the Bond Indenture, the Loan Agreement, the Master Indenture, the Disclosure Agreement (as defined herein) and the Series 2016A Obligation and all references to other documents and other materials related to issuance of the Series 2016A Bonds are not quoted in full and are only brief outlines of some of the provisions thereof and do not purport to summarize or describe all of the provisions thereof. Reference is made to said documents for full and complete statements of their provisions. The Appendices attached hereto are a part of this Official Statement. Copies of the Bond Indenture, the Loan Agreement, the Master Indenture, the Series 2016A Obligation and the Disclosure Agreement will be available for inspection following the issuance of the Series 2016A Bonds at the corporate trust office of the Bond Trustee in Los Angeles, California. -5-

12 PLAN OF FINANCING The Corporation will use the proceeds of the Series 2016A Bonds, together with other funds, for the purpose of: (i) the advance refunding of the Prior Bonds; and (ii) paying certain costs of issuance. See ESTIMATED SOURCES AND USES OF FUNDS and VERIFICATION OF MATHEMATICAL COMPUTATIONS herein. ESTIMATED SOURCES AND USES OF FUNDS Bonds. The following table sets forth the estimated uses and sources of funds related to the Series 2016A Sources of Funds Par Amount of Series 2016A Bonds $803,500,000 Net Premium 127,552,179 Equity Contribution 17,739,167 TOTAL SOURCES (1) $948,791,346 Uses of Funds Deposit to Escrow Funds $943,044,341 Costs of Issuance (2) 5,747,005 TOTAL USES (1) $948,791,346 (1) De minimis rounding adjustments. (2) Includes certain fees and expenses of various legal counsel, financial advisors, accountants, trustees, fees of rating agencies, Underwriters discount, costs of printing and other costs, including costs related to the issuance of the Series 2016A Bonds. -6-

13 DEBT SERVICE REQUIREMENTS (1) This table sets forth, for each year ending December 31, the amounts required in each such year for the payment of principal at maturity and the payment of interest on the Series 2016A Bonds, together with amounts required for payment of other Indebtedness secured by Obligations (excluding Obligations issued by the Corporation in connection with Financial Products Agreements (i.e., interest rate swaps) or to direct bank purchasers to secure obligations under bank covenant agreements or to providers of credit or liquidity enhancement) to be outstanding after the issuance of the Series 2016A Bonds and the defeasance of the Prior Bonds and based on the assumptions set forth in the footnotes. Year Ending December 31 Principal of Series 2016A Bonds Interest on Series 2016A Bonds Debt Service on Other Obligations (2) Total $ 23,686,258 $ 137,862,660 $ 161,548, ,067, ,040, ,107, $ 21,035,000 37,646, ,522, ,203, ,925,000 36,752, ,527, ,205, ,765,000 35,785, ,650, ,201, ,430,000 34,780, ,991, ,202, ,815,000 33,699, ,691, ,205, ,245,000 32,614, ,346, ,205, ,200,000 31,494, ,508, ,202, ,845,000 30,293, ,064, ,202, ,330,000 29,063, ,811, ,205, ,395,000 27,320, ,488, ,203, ,950,000 24,987, ,268, ,205, ,885,000 23,716, ,601, ,202, ,930,000 21,845,750 80,426, ,202, ,365,000 18,201,675 78,638, ,204, ,330,000 15,180, ,694, ,204, ,750,000 12,611, ,839, ,201, ,455,000 9,757, ,989, ,202, ,050,000 7,750, ,400, ,201, ,020,000 6,790, ,392, ,202, ,780,000 3,175,600 38,250, ,206, ,633, ,633, ,629, ,629, ,629, ,629, ,633, ,633, ,632, ,632, ,632, ,632, ,629, ,629, ,630, ,630,657 Total $803,500,000 $535,220,258 $3,379,060,808 $4,717,781,066 (1) De minimis rounding adjustments. Assumes that all principal payments and any mandatory sinking fund payments are due and paid on January 1. (2) Assumes all variable rate debt bears interest at annual interest rates equal to the respective fixed swap rates (ranging from 3.676% to 4.421%), with unhedged portions of commercial paper bearing interest at an assumed annual interest rate of 3.5%. Debt service on the commercial paper and a taxable bank loan are calculated on the basis of an assumed 30-year level debt service structure. Excludes capitalized leases, including the North Colorado Medical Center and Washakie Medical Center. Actual rates may vary from these assumed rates. -7-

14 THE ISSUER General The Issuer is a nonprofit corporation designated a political subdivision of the State of Arizona (the State ), incorporated with the approval of the Board of Supervisors of Maricopa County (the County ), pursuant to the provisions of the Constitution of the State and the statute currently titled Industrial Development Financing, Title 35, Chapter 5, Articles 1 through 5, Arizona Revised Statutes (Sections through , inclusive) (the Act ). The Issuer is empowered to issue bonds to provide funds for the financing or refinancing of the costs of the acquisition, construction, improvement, rehabilitation and equipping of a project, as defined in the Act. The Issuer is not pledging its general credit. The Issuer does not have the power to pledge the general credit or taxing power of the State, or of any political subdivision thereof, including, but not limited to, the County. The Issuer has no taxing power. The Issuer is governed by a Board of Directors elected by the Board of Supervisors of the County. The Issuer does not employ any staff to carry out its limited functions and it contracts with independent third parties to do so. The Issuer does not and will not in the future monitor the financial condition of the Corporation or the Obligated Group or otherwise monitor payment of the Series 2016A Bonds or compliance with the documents relating thereto. The Series 2016A Bonds will be special limited obligations of the Issuer. No recourse by any owner of the Series 2016A Bonds will be had for the payment of the principal of or premium, if any, or interest on any of the Series 2016A Bonds or for any claim based thereon or upon any obligation, covenant, or agreement in the Bond Indenture or the Loan Agreement, or against any past, present, or future officer, director, counsel, advisor or agent of the Issuer or any successor thereto, as such, directly or through the Issuer or any successor thereto, under any rule of law or equity, statute or constitution, or by the enforcement of any assessment or penalty or otherwise, and all such liability of any such officer, director, counsel, advisor or agent as such has been expressly waived as a condition of and in consideration of the execution of the Bond Indenture and the Loan Agreement and the issuance of the Series 2016A Bonds. All payments made pursuant to the Loan Agreement will be made directly to the Bond Trustee for disbursement to the owners of the Series 2016A Bonds. None of the revenues to pay the Series 2016A Bonds will come from the Issuer and therefore the Issuer s financial information and status is irrelevant to any investment decision with respect to the Series 2016A Bonds. As a result, no information regarding the Issuer will be provided in respect of any continuing disclosure requirement relating to the Series 2016A Bonds. None of the Issuer or its independent contractors have furnished, reviewed, investigated or verified the information in this Official Statement, except for the information under this caption and the caption ABSENCE OF MATERIAL LITIGATION Issuer. No Recourse THE SERIES 2016A BONDS, TOGETHER WITH THE INTEREST AND PREMIUM, IF ANY, THEREON AND PURCHASE PRICE, IF ANY, THEREOF, SHALL BE LIMITED OBLIGATIONS OF THE ISSUER AND PAYABLE SOLELY FROM REVENUES AND RECEIPTS UNDER THE LOAN AGREEMENT, THE SERIES 2016 OBLIGATION AND THE SECURITY PLEDGED THEREFOR IN THE BOND INDENTURE, AND THE MASTER INDENTURE. THE -8-

15 SERIES 2016A BONDS WILL NOT CONSTITUTE A DEBT OR GENERAL OBLIGATION OF THE ISSUER, THE COUNTY, THE STATE OR ANY POLITICAL SUBDIVISION THEREOF, WITHIN THE MEANING OF ANY STATE CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISION OR STATUTORY LIMITATION AND WILL NEVER CONSTITUTE OR GIVE RISE TO A PECUNIARY LIABILITY OF THE STATE OR THE COUNTY AND NEITHER THE FAITH AND CREDIT NOR TAXING POWER OF THE COUNTY, THE STATE OR ANY POLITICAL SUBDIVISION OF THE STATE HAS BEEN PLEDGED TO PAYMENT OF THE SERIES 2016A BONDS. THE SERIES 2016A BONDS WILL NOT CONSTITUTE A GENERAL OBLIGATION OF OR A CHARGE AGAINST THE GENERAL CREDIT OF THE ISSUER BUT WILL BE SPECIAL LIMITED OBLIGATIONS PAYABLE SOLELY FROM THE SOURCES DESCRIBED HEREIN AND IN THE BOND INDENTURE AND THE MASTER INDENTURE. THE ISSUER HAS NO TAXING POWER. THE SERIES 2016A BONDS The following is a summary of certain provisions of the Series 2016A Bonds. Reference is made to the Series 2016A Bonds and to the Bond Indenture for a more detailed description of such provisions. The discussion herein is qualified by such reference. See CERTAIN PROVISIONS OF PRINCIPAL DOCUMENTS CERTAIN PROVISIONS OF THE BOND INDENTURE DEFINITIONS APPENDIX C hereto for the definitions of certain terms relating to the Series 2016A Bonds. General The Series 2016A Bonds are being issued by the Issuer pursuant to the provisions of the Bond Indenture. The Series 2016A Bonds, when issued, will be registered in the name of Cede & Co., as nominee of DTC. Payment of the principal of, and interest on the Series 2016A Bonds will be made directly to DTC or its nominee, Cede & Co., by the Bond Trustee. See BOOK-ENTRY SYSTEM herein. In the event that any of the Series 2016A Bonds are not in the Book-Entry System, payment of principal of, and interest on such Series 2016A Bonds will be made in accordance with the provisions of the Bond Indenture. The Series 2016A Bonds, as initially issued, will be issued as fully registered bonds without coupons in denominations of $5,000 or any integral multiple thereof, and will be dated the Date of Issuance. The Series 2016A Bonds will mature on the dates and in the principal amounts and will bear interest at the rates per annum shown on the cover page of this Official Statement. Interest on the Series 2016A Bonds will be payable on January 1 and July 1 of each year, commencing January 1, Interest on the Series 2016A Bonds will be computed on the basis of a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months. The Series 2016A Bonds are subject to redemption prior to maturity as described below. Redemption Optional Redemption. Except for the Series 2016A Bonds maturing on January 1, 2028 and January 1, 2029, which are not subject to optional redemption, the Series 2016A Bonds maturing after January 1, 2027, are subject to redemption prior to their stated maturity, at the option of the Corporation, in any order of maturity designated by the Corporation, and by lot within a maturity, on or after January 1, 2027, in whole or in part at any time by payment of a Redemption Price equal to the principal amount being redeemed plus interest accrued to the date fixed for redemption. Any Series 2016A Bonds subject to optional redemption and cancellation shall also be subject to optional call for purchase and resale by the Corporation (i.e., a so-called purchase in lieu of redemption) -9-

16 at the same times and at the same Redemption Prices as are applicable to the optional redemption of such Series 2016A Bonds as provided above. Extraordinary Redemption. The Series 2016A Bonds are subject to redemption prior to their stated maturity, at the option of the Corporation (which option shall be exercised upon the request of the Corporation given to the Bond Trustee (unless waived by the Bond Trustee) at least 35 days prior to the date fixed for redemption) in whole or in part (in such amounts as may be specified by the Corporation) on any date, from hazard insurance or condemnation proceeds received with respect to the facilities financed or refinanced with the proceeds of the Series 2016A Bonds and deposited in the Special Redemption Account, at a Redemption Price equal to the principal amount thereof, plus accrued interest to the date fixed for redemption, without premium. Selection of Series 2016A Bonds for Redemption. Whenever provision is made in the Bond Indenture for the redemption of less than all of the Series 2016A Bonds or any given portion thereof, the Bond Trustee shall select the Series 2016A Bonds to be redeemed, from all Series 2016A Bonds subject to redemption or a given portion thereof not previously called for redemption, as directed in writing by the Corporation or in the absence of direction by lot in any manner which the Bond Trustee in its sole discretion shall deem appropriate and fair. Notice and Effect of Redemption. Notice of redemption shall be mailed by the Bond Trustee, not less than 30 days nor more than 60 days prior to the redemption date, to the holders of Series 2016A Bonds called for redemption. Such notice shall be given to the holders of Series 2016A Bonds designated for redemption at their addresses appearing on the bond registration books maintained by the Bond Trustee as of the day notice is given. Notice of redemption shall also be given to DTC. As long as the book-entry only system is in effect with respect to any Series 2016A Bonds, any redemption notice shall be given to DTC, as Holder of the Series 2016A Bonds. Notice of redemption shall be mailed by the Bond Trustee, but failure by the Bond Trustee to mail any notice to any one or more of the holders shall not affect the sufficiency of the proceedings for the redemption of Series 2016A Bonds with respect to the holders to whom notice was mailed. Each notice of redemption shall state (i) the date of the notice, (ii) the series designation and date of issue of the Series 2016A Bonds, (iii) the redemption date, (iv) the Redemption Price, (v) the place or places of redemption, including the name and address of the Bond Trustee, (vi) the maturity, (vii) the CUSIP numbers, if any, (viii) that it is conditional upon funds being on deposit with the Bond Trustee on the redemption date in an amount equal to the amount necessary to effect the redemption, (ix) in the case of Series 2016A Bonds to be redeemed in part only, the respective portions of the principal amount thereof to be redeemed, and (x) that any redemption notice may be rescinded by written notice given to the Bond Trustee by the Corporation no later than the date specified for redemption. The Bond Trustee shall give notice of rescission as soon thereafter as practicable in the same manner, to the same Persons, as notice of redemption was given. Notice of redemption having been duly given as aforesaid, and moneys for payment of the Redemption Price of, together with interest accrued to the redemption date on, the Series 2016A Bonds (or portions thereof) so called for redemption being held by the Bond Trustee, on the redemption date designated in the notice, the Series 2016A Bonds (or portions thereof) so called for redemption shall become due and payable at the Redemption Price specified in the notice together with interest accrued thereon to the redemption date. Interest on the Series 2016A Bonds so called for redemption shall cease to accrue on and after the redemption date, the Series 2016A Bonds (or portions thereof) shall cease to be entitled to any benefit or security under the Bond Indenture, and the holders of such Series 2016A Bonds shall have no rights in respect thereof except to receive payment of said Redemption Price and accrued interest to the date fixed for redemption from funds held by the Bond Trustee for payment. All -10-

17 Series 2016A Bonds which have been redeemed shall be canceled upon surrender thereof unless resold at the direction of the Corporation. Registration, Transfer and Exchange The following paragraph shall be applicable only to DTC or its successor so long as the Series 2016A Bonds are in the Book-Entry Only System. A Series 2016A Bond may, in accordance with its terms, be transferred, upon the books required to be kept pursuant to the provisions of the Bond Indenture, by the Person in whose name it is registered, in person or by such Person s duly authorized attorney, upon surrender of such Series 2016A Bond for cancellation, accompanied by delivery of a written instrument of transfer, duly executed in a form approved by the Bond Trustee. Whenever any Series 2016A Bond or Series 2016A Bonds shall be surrendered for transfer, the Issuer shall execute and the Bond Trustee shall authenticate and deliver a new Series 2016A Bond or Series 2016A Bonds, of the same maturity and for a like aggregate principal amount. The Bond Trustee shall require the Bondholder requesting such transfer to pay any tax or other governmental charge required to be paid with respect to such transfer, and the Bond Trustee may also require the Bondholder requesting such transfer to pay a reasonable sum to cover expenses incurred by the Bond Trustee or the Issuer in connection with such transfer. Series 2016A Bonds may be exchanged at the Principal Office of the Bond Trustee for a like aggregate principal amount of Series 2016A Bonds of other Minimum Authorized Denominations of the same maturity. The Bond Trustee shall require the Bondholder requesting such exchange to pay any tax or other governmental charge required to be paid with respect to such exchange and the Bond Trustee may also require the Bondholder requesting such exchange to pay a reasonable sum to cover expenses incurred by the Bond Trustee or the Issuer in connection with such exchange, except in the case of an exchange for the unredeemed portion of a Bond surrendered for redemption. The Bond Trustee shall not be required to transfer or exchange (i) any Series 2016A Bond during the fifteen (15) days next preceding the date on which notice of redemption of Series 2016A Bonds is given, or (ii) any Series 2016A Bond called for redemption. General BOOK-ENTRY ONLY SYSTEM THE INFORMATION PROVIDED IN THIS SECTION HAS BEEN PROVIDED BY DTC. NO REPRESENTATION IS MADE BY THE ISSUER, ANY MEMBER OF THE OBLIGATED GROUP, THE BOND TRUSTEE OR THE UNDERWRITERS AS TO THE ACCURACY OR ADEQUACY OF SUCH INFORMATION PROVIDED BY DTC OR AS TO THE ABSENCE OF MATERIAL ADVERSE CHANGES IN SUCH INFORMATION SUBSEQUENT TO THE DATE OF THIS OFFICIAL STATEMENT. The Depository Trust Company ( DTC ) New York, New York, will act as securities depository for the Series 2016A Bonds. The Series 2016A Bonds will be issued as fully-registered securities registered in the name of Cede & Co. (DTC s partnership nominee) or such other name as may be requested by an authorized representative of DTC. One fully-registered Series 2016A Bond certificate will be issued for each coupon and maturity of the Series 2016A Bonds, each in the aggregate principal amount of such coupon and maturity, and will be deposited with DTC. DTC, the world s largest securities depository is a limited purpose trust company organized under the New York Banking Law, a banking organization within the meaning of the New York Banking Law, a member of the Federal Reserve System, a clearing corporation within the meaning of the New -11-

18 York Uniform Commercial Code, and a clearing agency registered pursuant to the provisions of Section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of DTC holds and provides asset servicing for over 3.5 million issues of U.S. and non-u.s. equity issues, corporate and municipal debt issues, and money market instruments (from over 100 countries) that DTC s participants ( Direct Participants ) deposit with DTC. DTC also facilitates the post trade settlement among Direct Participants of sales and other securities transactions in deposited securities, through electronic computerized book entry transfers and pledges between Direct Participants accounts. This eliminates the need for physical movement of securities certificates. Direct Participants include both U.S. and non-u.s. securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies, clearing corporations, and certain other organizations. DTC is a wholly owned subsidiary of The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation ( DTCC ). DTCC is the holding company for DTC, National Securities Clearing Corporation and Fixed Income Clearing Corporation, all of which are registered clearing agencies. DTCC is owned by the users of its regulated subsidiaries. Access to the DTC system is also available to others such as both U.S. and non-u.s. securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies, and clearing corporations that clear through or maintain a custodial relationship with a Direct Participant, either directly or indirectly ( Indirect Participants ). DTC has a Standard & Poor s rating of AA+. The DTC Rules applicable to its Participants are on file with the Securities and Exchange Commission ( SEC ). More information about DTC can be found at Purchases of Series 2016A Bonds under the DTC system must be made by or through Direct Participants, which will receive a credit for the Series 2016A Bonds on DTC s records. The ownership interest of each actual purchaser of each Series 2016A Bond ( Beneficial Owner ) is in turn to be recorded on the Direct and Indirect Participants records. Beneficial Owners will not receive written confirmation from DTC of their purchase. Beneficial Owners are, however, expected to receive written confirmations providing details of the transaction, as well as periodic statements of their holdings, from the Direct or Indirect Participant through which the Beneficial Owner entered into the transaction. Transfers of ownership interests in the Series 2016A Bonds are to be accomplished by entries made on the books of Direct and Indirect Participants acting on behalf of Beneficial Owners. Beneficial Owners will not receive certificates representing their ownership interests in Series 2016A Bonds, except in the event that use of the book-entry system for the Series 2016A Bonds is discontinued. To facilitate subsequent transfers, all Series 2016A Bonds deposited by Direct Participants with DTC are registered in the name of DTC s partnership nominee, Cede & Co., or such other name as may be requested by an authorized representative of DTC. The deposit of Series 2016A Bonds with DTC and their registration in the name of Cede & Co. or such other DTC nominee do not effect any change in beneficial ownership. DTC has no knowledge of the actual Beneficial Owners of the Series 2016A Bonds; DTC s records reflect only the identity of the Direct Participants to whose accounts such Series 2016A Bonds are credited, which may or may not be the Beneficial Owners. The Direct and Indirect Participants will remain responsible for keeping account of their holdings on behalf of their customers. Conveyance of notices and other communications by DTC to Direct Participants, by Direct Participants to Indirect Participants, and by Direct Participants and Indirect Participants to Beneficial Owners will be governed by arrangements among them, subject to any statutory or regulatory requirements as may be in effect from time to time. Beneficial Owners of Series 2016A Bonds may wish to take certain steps to augment the transmission to them of notices of significant events with respect to the Series 2016A Bonds, such as redemptions, defaults, and proposed amendments to the Bond Indenture, Loan Agreement or Master Indenture. For example, Beneficial Owners of Series 2016A Bonds may wish to ascertain that the nominee holding the Series 2016A Bonds for their benefit has agreed to obtain and transmit notices to Beneficial Owners. In the alternative, Beneficial Owners may wish to provide their names and addresses to the Bond Trustee and request that copies of notices be provided directly to them. -12-

19 Redemption notices shall be sent to DTC. If less than all of the Series 2016A Bonds of the same coupon and maturity are being redeemed, DTC s practice is to determine by lot the amount of the interest of each Direct Participant therein to be redeemed. Neither DTC nor Cede & Co. (nor any other DTC nominee) will consent or vote with respect to Series 2016A Bonds unless authorized by a Direct Participant in accordance with DTC s MMI Procedures. Under its usual procedures, DTC mails an Omnibus Proxy to the Bond Trustee as soon as possible after the record date. The Omnibus Proxy assigns Cede & Co. s consenting or voting rights to those Direct Participants to whose accounts Series 2016A Bonds are credited on the record date (identified in a listing attached to the Omnibus Proxy). Payment of principal, interest and redemption prices on the Series 2016A Bonds will be made to Cede & Co., or such other nominee as may be requested by an authorized representative of DTC. DTC s practice is to credit Direct Participants accounts upon DTC s receipt of funds and corresponding detail information from the Bond Trustee or Issuer, on a payment date in accordance with their respective holdings shown on DTC s records. Payments by Participants to Beneficial Owners will be governed by standing instructions and customary practices, as is the case with securities held for the accounts of customers in bearer form or registered in street name, and will be the responsibility of such Participants and not of DTC nor its nominee, Bond Trustee, Master Trustee, any Member of the Obligated Group, or the Issuer, subject to any statutory or regulatory requirements as may be in effect from time to time. Payment of principal, interest and redemption prices to Cede & Co. (or such other nominee as may be requested by an authorized representative of DTC) is the responsibility of the Bond Trustee, disbursement of such payments to Direct Participants will be the responsibility of DTC, and disbursement of such payments to the Beneficial Owners will be the responsibility of Direct and Indirect Participants. DTC may discontinue providing its services as depository with respect to the Series 2016A Bonds at any time by giving reasonable notice to the Issuer or Bond Trustee. Under such circumstances, in the event that a successor depository is not obtained, Series 2016A Bond certificates are required to be printed and delivered. The Issuer may decide to discontinue use of the system of book-entry only transfers through DTC (or a successor securities depository). In that event, Series 2016A Bond certificates will be printed and delivered to DTC. For so long as the Series 2016A Bonds are registered in the name of DTC or its nominee, Cede & Co., the Issuer, the Master Trustee and the Bond Trustee will recognize only DTC or its nominee, Cede & Co., as the registered owner of the Series 2016A Bonds for all purposes, including payments, notices and voting. Under the Bond Indenture, payments made by the Bond Trustee to DTC or its nominee will satisfy the Issuer s obligations under the Bond Indenture and the Corporation s obligations under the Loan Agreement and the Obligated Group s obligations on the Series 2016A Obligation, to the extent of the payments so made. None of the Issuer, the Underwriters, any Member of the Obligated Group, the Master Trustee or the Bond Trustee will have any responsibility or obligation with respect to (i) the accuracy of the records of DTC, its nominee or any Direct Participant or Indirect Participant with respect to any beneficial ownership interest in any Series 2016A Bonds, (ii) the delivery to any Direct Participant or Indirect Participant or any other Person, other than an owner, as shown in the registration books of the Bond Trustee, of any notice with respect to any Series 2016A Bonds including, without limitation, any notice of redemption, tender, purchase or any event which would or could give rise to a tender or purchase right or -13-

20 option with respect to any Series 2016A Bonds, (iii) the payment of any Direct Participant or Indirect Participant or any other Person, other than an owner, as shown in the registration books of the Bond Trustee, of any amount with respect to the principal of, or interest on, any Series 2016A Bonds or (iv) any consent given by DTC as registered owner. Prior to any discontinuation of the book-entry only system described above, the Bond Trustee and the Issuer may treat DTC as, and deem DTC to be, the absolute owner of the Series 2016A Bonds for all purposes whatsoever, including, without limitation, (i) the payment of principal of, and interest on the Series 2016A Bonds, (ii) giving notices of redemption and other matters with respect to the Series 2016A Bonds, (iii) registering transfers with respect to the Series 2016A Bonds and (iv) the selection of Series 2016A Bonds for redemption. The information in this section concerning DTC and DTC s book entry system has been obtained from sources that the Issuer believes to be reliable, but the Issuer takes no responsibility for the accuracy thereof. General SECURITY FOR THE SERIES 2016A BONDS The Series 2016A Bonds are special limited obligations of the Issuer, payable solely from the Revenues pledged under the Bond Indenture for payment, and are secured by the Issuer s Pledge and Assignment. Revenues consist primarily of payments required to be made by the Corporation pursuant to the Loan Agreement in amounts sufficient in the aggregate to pay the principal of and interest on the Series 2016A Bonds when such become due and payments by the Obligated Group Members pursuant to the Series 2016A Obligation. No additional bonds may be issued under the Bond Indenture. The Pledge and Assignment by the Issuer secures ratably the Series 2016A Bonds. The facilities of the Obligated Group are not pledged as security for the Series 2016A Bonds or for the payment of the Series 2016A Obligation. The Series 2016A Bonds do not represent or constitute a debt of the Issuer, the State or any political subdivision thereof within the meaning of the provisions of the Constitution or statutes of the State or a pledge of the faith and credit of the Issuer, the State or any political subdivision thereof. The issuance of the Series 2016A Bonds does not obligate, in any way, the Issuer, the State or any political subdivision thereof to levy any taxes or appropriate any funds for the payment of the principal thereof or the interest on the Series 2016A Bonds. The Issuer has no taxing power. The Master Indenture Obligations. The Master Indenture permits the Corporation and other Members of the Obligated Group to issue additional Obligations and to secure all Obligations, including the Series 2016A Obligation, on a parity thereunder. Upon the issuance of the Series 2016A Bonds and the defeasance of the Prior Bonds, approximately $2.8 billion in Obligations (excluding Obligations issued by the Corporation in connection with Financial Products Agreements (i.e., interest rate swaps) or to direct bank purchasers to secure obligations under bank covenant agreements or to providers of credit or liquidity enhancement) are expected to be outstanding under the Master Indenture. Additional Obligations or guaranties may be issued to secure additional borrowings to evidence or secure debt owed to other creditors or to evidence other obligations by any Member of the Obligated Group. All Members of the -14-

21 Obligated Group are jointly and severally obligated with respect to payment of each Obligation issued under the Master Indenture. Payment of Obligations. The Series 2016A Obligation will be the general obligation of the Obligated Group, secured by a Gross Revenues pledge of the Obligated Group under the Master Indenture, which pledge may not be released without the consent of the holders of a majority in principal amount of the Series 2016A Bonds and subject to the requirements of any other Obligations outstanding under the Master Indenture. Pursuant to the Master Indenture, should any Obligated Group Affiliate and corresponding Controlling Member be designated, such Controlling Member will covenant and agree that it will cause each of its Obligated Group Affiliates to pay, loan or otherwise transfer to the Obligated Group Representative such amounts as are necessary to enable the Members to comply with the provisions of the Master Indenture, including without limitation, the Members covenant to jointly and severally pay or cause to be paid promptly any payment required to be made by any Member pursuant to the Master Indenture or any Obligation (including the Series 2016A Obligation). See INTRODUCTION The Master Indenture herein and CERTAIN PROVISIONS OF PRINCIPAL DOCUMENTS CERTAIN PROVISIONS OF THE MASTER INDENTURE in APPENDIX C. Certain General Covenants. The Master Indenture applies directly only to the current Obligated Group Members and any future Members of the Obligated Group. Members may withdraw from the Obligated Group in the future in accordance with the provisions of the Master Indenture. However, the Master Indenture requires that each Controlling Member covenants and will cause each of its Obligated Group Affiliates, if any, to comply with certain covenants in the Master Indenture, including covenants that: (i) no Member or Obligated Group Affiliate will create, assume or suffer any Lien upon the property of the Obligated Group, except Permitted Encumbrances and (ii) for each Fiscal Year the Annual Required Debt Service Coverage Ratio for the Members and the Obligated Group Affiliates is not less than 1.10 to The sole remedy for a failure by the Members and the Obligated Group Affiliates to maintain such ratio in any particular Fiscal Year is the requirement that the Corporation retain a Consultant to make recommendations with respect to the operations of the Members and the Obligated Group Affiliates in order to increase such ratio to at least 1.10 to 1.00 in the next succeeding Fiscal Year, except that if such ratio falls below 1.00 to 1.00 for any Fiscal Year, an Event of Default will result under the Master Indenture. Such calculation will be based on the Members and Obligated Group Affiliates as of the end of each Fiscal Year. Further, the Master Indenture imposes restrictions on the merger or consolidation of any Member or Obligated Group Affiliate and the sale or conveyance of all or substantially all of the assets of any Member or Obligated Group Affiliate. See CERTAIN PROVISIONS OF PRINCIPAL DOCUMENTS CERTAIN PROVISIONS OF THE MASTER INDENTURE COVENANTS OF EACH MEMBER Negative Pledge, Debt Coverage and Merger, Consolidation, Sale or Conveyance in APPENDIX C attached hereto and BONDHOLDERS RISKS Certain Matters Relating to Security for the Series 2016A Bonds herein. THE MASTER INDENTURE DOES NOT CONTAIN ANY LIMITATIONS ON OR TESTS FOR THE INCURRENCE OF ADDITIONAL INDEBTEDNESS FOR ANY MEMBER OF THE OBLIGATED GROUP OR ANY OBLIGATED GROUP AFFILIATE OR ANY LIMITATIONS ON OR TESTS FOR SALES OR TRANSFERS OF LESS THAN ALL OR LESS THAN SUBSTANTIALLY ALL OF THE ASSETS OF ANY MEMBER OR OBLIGATED GROUP AFFILIATE. The Master Indenture permits additional Indebtedness of any Member or any Obligated Group Affiliate to be secured by security which need not be extended to any other Indebtedness (including the Series 2016A Obligation). The Obligated Group has granted to the Master Trustee a security interest in its Gross Revenues, which security interest may not be released without the consent of the holders of a majority in principal amount of the Series 2016A Bonds and subject to the requirements of any other Obligations outstanding under the Master Indenture. For a more detailed description of the Master Indenture, see -15-

22 CERTAIN PROVISIONS OF PRINCIPAL DOCUMENTS CERTAIN PROVISIONS OF THE MASTER INDENTURE in APPENDIX C. Although the Master Indenture requires that the income and assets of Obligated Group Affiliates be included in calculations under the Master Indenture, it also provides that after an entity is designated as an Obligated Group Affiliate, the Obligated Group Representative may at any time declare that such entity is no longer an Obligated Group Affiliate so long as such declaration does not immediately cause a default in the performance or observance of any term of the Master Indenture. No Obligated Group Affiliate has been designated to date. There can be no assurance that entities will in the future be designated as Obligated Group Affiliates or if designated, that they will remain Obligated Group Affiliates. Possible Substitution of the Series 2016A Obligation The Series 2016A Obligation may be replaced with an obligation issued by a separate group of corporations under a separate master trust indenture. Neither the Corporation nor any other Member of the Obligated Group is required to be a member of the new obligated group. The Bond Indenture requires the Bond Trustee to surrender to the Master Trustee the Series 2016A Obligation in exchange for replacement obligations issued under a new master indenture by a new obligated group under certain conditions, including, but not limited to, confirmation from the Rating Agencies that the rating on the Series 2016A Bonds will not be reduced or withdrawn and the receipt by the Bond Trustee of a Favorable Opinion of Bond Counsel. See CERTAIN PROVISIONS OF PRINCIPAL DOCUMENTS CERTAIN PROVISIONS OF THE MASTER INDENTURE and CERTAIN PROVISIONS OF THE BOND INDENTURE in APPENDIX C hereto for a summary of the applicable provisions of the Master Indenture and the Bond Indenture. If any substitution occurs, all references in the Loan Agreement and the Bond Indenture to the Series 2016A Obligation shall refer to the related substitute obligations issued under the separate master trust indenture, all references to the Supplemental Master Indenture shall refer to the supplements to the separate master trust indenture pursuant to which the substitute obligation was issued, and all related references to the Master Indenture shall refer to the separate master trust indenture. Amendments of Bond Indenture and Master Indenture The Bond Indenture provides for the modification or amendment of the Bond Indenture from time to time, in certain circumstances without the consent of the holders of the Series 2016A Bonds issued and Outstanding under the Bond Indenture and in other circumstances with the consent of the holders of a majority of the principal amount of the Series 2016A Bonds. Certain provisions of the Master Indenture may also be amended from time to time without the consent of holders. In addition, certain material amendments to the Master Indenture may be made with the consent of the holders of not less than a majority of the principal amount of Outstanding Obligations. Such amendments to the Bond Indenture or Master Indenture could be substantial and result in the modification, waiver or removal of any existing covenant or restriction contained in the Bond Indenture or the Master Indenture. Such amendments could adversely affect the security of the Bondholders. See CERTAIN PROVISIONS OF PRINCIPAL DOCUMENTS CERTAIN PROVISIONS OF THE MASTER INDENTURE SUPPLEMENTS AND AMENDMENTS and CERTAIN PROVISIONS OF THE BOND INDENTURE MODIFICATIONS OR AMENDMENTS in APPENDIX C hereto. -16-

23 Covenants Related to Other Series of Bonds The Bank Covenants provided solely for the benefit of the Banks may be waived, modified or amended by the applicable Bank(s) in their sole discretion and without notice to or consent by the bond trustee of any outstanding bonds, the Bond Trustee, the Master Trustee, the holders of outstanding bonds, including the Series 2016A Bonds, the holders of any Obligations or any other Person. Violation of any of such covenants may result in an Event of Default under the Master Indenture, which could result in acceleration of all of the Obligations, including the Series 2016A Obligation. The Series 2016A Bonds are not insured by a bond insurance policy, or supported by a credit facility or liquidity facility. See APPENDIX C CERTAIN PROVISIONS OF PRINCIPAL DOCUMENTS CERTAIN PROVISIONS OF THE MASTER INDENTURE DEFAULTS. General BONDHOLDERS RISKS As described under SECURITY FOR THE SERIES 2016A BONDS, the principal of, and interest on the Series 2016A Bonds are payable solely from amounts payable by the Corporation under the Loan Agreement and by the Obligated Group and any future Members of the Obligated Group under the Series 2016A Obligation. Members may withdraw from the Obligated Group in the future in accordance with the provisions of the Master Indenture. No representation or assurance is given or can be made that revenues will be realized by the Obligated Group or any future Members of the Obligated Group in amounts sufficient to pay debt service on the Series 2016A Bonds when due and other payments necessary to meet the obligations of the Members of the Obligated Group. These revenues are affected by and subject to conditions which may change in the future to an extent and with effects that cannot be determined at this time. The risk factors discussed below should be considered in evaluating the Obligated Group s ability to make payments in amounts sufficient to provide for payment of the principal of, and interest on the Series 2016A Bonds. Although the Master Indenture requires that the income and assets of Obligated Group Affiliates be included in calculations under the Master Indenture, it also provides that after an entity is designated as an Obligated Group Affiliate, the Obligated Group Representative may at any time declare that such entity is no longer an Obligated Group Affiliate so long as such declaration does not immediately cause a default in the performance or observance of any term of the Master Indenture. There can be no assurance that other entities will in the future be designated as Obligated Group Affiliates or, if so designated, that they will remain Obligated Group Affiliates. The following discussion of risk factors is not, and is not intended to be, exhaustive. Integration Risk On February 28, 2015, Banner consummated the transactions with UAHN as described in more detail in this Official Statement including in APPENDIX A hereto under the caption RECENTLY COMPLETED, CURRENT AND PLANNED TRANSACTIONS AND PROJECTS. The integration of the new hospitals, health plans, colleges of medicine, new physicians and other healthcare facilities with Banner is, and will continue to be a major focus for the Obligated Group over the next few years. If the Obligated Group is not able to successfully complete such integration, it may have a material adverse effect on the Obligated Group. -17-

24 Utilization of Derivatives Markets The Obligated Group utilizes the derivatives markets (including, from time to time, interest rate swaps) to manage its exposure to interest rate and equity market volatility. The majority of the interest rate swaps are designed to hedge variable rate indebtedness and are structured so that the Corporation pays a fixed rate. The Corporation has entered into multiple interest rate swaps to hedge the variable cash flows associated with existing variable rate indebtedness. In addition, the Corporation began payment in 2011 of fixed rate interest under two forward starting interest rate swaps entered into in 2006 to hedge the variable cash flows associated with variable rate indebtedness that was expected to be issued in the future but was not in fact issued. In the event of an early termination of any swap, the Corporation may owe a payment to the related swap provider, and such amount, which cannot currently be calculated, may be substantial. The payment obligations of the Corporation under the swap agreements will not alter the obligations of any Member of the Obligated Group to pay or make payments with respect to principal of, redemption price and purchase price of, and interest on any other indebtedness. The obligations of the Corporation pursuant to certain swap agreements are secured by Obligations issued under the Master Indenture. See INVESTMENT AND DERIVATIVES POLICIES in APPENDIX A hereto and the audited consolidated financial statements of the Corporation and Subsidiaries included in APPENDIX B hereto, including Note 8, for additional information on derivative financial instruments. There is no guarantee that any floating amount payable by a swap provider under any swap agreement will match the amount payable by the Corporation to the owners of the indebtedness to which such swap agreement relates at all times or at any time. To the extent of a mismatch, the Corporation is exposed to basis risk in that the floating amount it receives from the swap provider pursuant to each swap agreement will not equal the variable amount it is required to pay on the indebtedness to which such swap agreement relates. In addition, in each swap there is counterparty risk which is the risk that the other party will fail to meet its obligations leading to a default and potential termination of any swap. The Corporation s existing swap agreements require the Corporation to secure its obligations in certain circumstances, depending upon the credit rating of the Obligated Group and the amount of the potential termination payment, with cash and securities. If the Corporation is unable to secure its obligations under a swap agreement with sufficient collateral, the swap counterparty will have the right to terminate the swap agreement and the Corporation could be required to make a termination payment to the counterparty, the amount of which could be substantial. Under the terms of those swap agreements, as of June 30, 2016, collateral in an aggregate amount of approximately $174 million was required to be posted, and such funds were posted, with the respective counterparties. Risks Related to Variable Rate Indebtedness Immediately following the issuance of the Series 2016A Bonds and the defeasance of the Prior Bonds, indebtedness outstanding under the Master Indenture in the principal amount of approximately $1,407,176,000 will be subject to variable interest rate exposure. The Corporation has certain swaps in place which hedge variable rate indebtedness and are structured so that the Corporation pays a fixed rate. (See Note 8 in the Banner audited financial statements in APPENDIX B hereto.) Variable interest rates vary from time to time and may in certain cases be converted to fixed interest rates. This protection against rising interest rates is limited, however, because the Obligated Group would be required to continue to pay interest at the applicable variable rate until it is permitted to either convert the obligation to a fixed rate pursuant to the terms of the applicable transaction documents or restructure, refinance or pay such obligation. In the event an obligation is converted to a fixed rate, there is no assurance what such fixed rates will be at the applicable time. In addition, there is no assurance that any variable rate debt subject to self-liquidity will not need to be paid in full on short notice by the Obligated Group in accordance with the related documents. -18-

25 Payment of the principal of, interest on and purchase price of certain of the variable rate bonds issued for the benefit of the Corporation is supported by related credit facilities. Payment under the credit facilities depends upon the creditworthiness of the credit facility providers. There can be no assurance that the credit facility providers will maintain their present financial conditions or that an adverse change in such conditions will not adversely affect their ability to honor future drawings under the related credit facility. If the long-term or short-term credit rating of a credit facility provider is downgraded by one or more rating agencies, the same would result in a corresponding downgrading of the rating of the related bonds by such rating agency or agencies. If such were to occur, it is possible that all of the related series of bonds would be optionally tendered for purchase. No assurance can be given as to whether or not bonds tendered under these circumstances could be remarketed. If any such bonds cannot be remarketed, the Corporation would be obligated to reimburse the related credit facility providers in accordance with the related credit facility agreement for any drawings on the related credit facility to pay the purchase price of such bonds, and if the Corporation is unable to do so, the same would constitute an event of default under the related credit facility agreement, which could result in a mandatory redemption or an acceleration of the related series of bonds. The related bond indentures permit the Corporation, under certain circumstances, to substitute an alternate credit facility; however, such substitution must be in accordance with the terms and conditions set forth in the related bond indenture. No assurance can be given that an alternate credit facility could be provided should the Corporation voluntarily wish to do so in connection with a downgrade of the long-term or short-term credit rating of a credit facility provider or the failure of a credit facility provider to extend a related credit facility upon expiration. Economic Conditions and Financial Markets The disruption of the credit and financial markets in the last several years led to volatility in the securities markets, significant losses in investment portfolios, increased business failures and consumer and business bankruptcies, and was a major cause of the economic recession in 2008 and As a direct consequence, the financial condition of the Obligated Group and its operating results were adversely affected. In response to that economic recession in 2008 and 2009, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the Financial Reform Act ) was enacted in The Financial Reform Act included broad changes to the existing financial regulatory structure, including the creation of new federal agencies to identify and respond to risks to the financial stability of the United States. Additional legislation is pending or under active consideration by Congress and regulatory action is being considered by various federal agencies, the Federal Reserve Board and foreign governments, which legislation is intended to increase the regulation of domestic and global credit markets. The effects of the Financial Reform Act and of these legislative, regulatory and other governmental actions, if implemented, are unclear. The health care sector, which includes the Obligated Group, was adversely affected by this disruption of financial markets. The consequences of these developments generally included, among other things, realized and unrealized investment portfolio losses, increased borrowing costs and periodic disruption of access to the capital markets. The economic recession adversely affected, and is continuing to adversely affect, the operations of the Obligated Group. During 2008 and 2009, unemployment rates increased, but have stabilized in market areas in which the Obligated Group owns and operates health care facilities. The economic recovery in the State of Arizona, in particular, has been uneven, with an average 17.4% of its population living below the federal poverty level in 2015, as compared to a national average of 13.5%. -19-

26 President Obama signed into law the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 ( ARRA ). ARRA includes several provisions that were intended to provide financial relief to the health care sector, including a requirement that states promptly reimburse healthcare providers and a subsidy to the recently unemployed for health insurance premium costs. ARRA also established a framework for the implementation of a nationally-based health information technology program, including incentive payments which commenced in 2011 to eligible healthcare providers to encourage implementation of health information technology and electronic health records. Assuming federal funding is available, such incentive payments are payable to eligible hospitals and physicians that comply with the applicable federal requirements, including demonstrating meaningful use of electronic health records, in each applicable period. Pursuant to ARRA, as of January 1, 2015, Medicare eligible providers that do not demonstrate meaningful use of electronic health records are receiving downward adjustments in their Medicare reimbursement. The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services ( CMS ) has commenced audits of providers that have received meaningful use payments. The Corporation has demonstrated meaningful use of electronic health records at its health care facilities and by physicians employed by the Corporation s affiliates, and is receiving the incentive payments available under ARRA. The Corporation recognized approximately $17 million and $13 million in revenue under ARRA in 2015 and 2014, respectively, excluding UAHN in Debt Limit Increase The federal government has through legislation created a debt ceiling or limit on the amount of debt that may be issued by the United States Treasury. In the past several years, political disputes have arisen within the federal government in connection with discussions concerning the authorization for an increase in the federal debt ceiling. Any failure by Congress to increase the federal debt limit may impact the federal government s ability to incur additional debt, pay its existing debt instruments and to satisfy its obligations relating to the Medicare and Medicaid programs. Management is unable to determine at this time what impact any failure to increase the federal debt limit may have on the operations and financial condition of the System, although such impact may be material. Additionally, the market price or marketability of the Obligated Group s outstanding bonds in the secondary market may be materially adversely impacted by any failure to increase the federal debt limit. Impact of Investment Performance The Obligated Group has significant holdings in a broad range of investments. Investment income (including both realized and unrealized gains on investments) has contributed significantly to the Obligated Group s financial results over recent years. Market fluctuations have affected and will likely continue to materially affect the value of those investments and those fluctuations may be and historically have been material. The state of the economy and market disruptions have exacerbated the market fluctuations. Reduction in investment income and the market value of its investments may have a negative impact on the Obligated Group s financial condition, including its ability to provide its own liquidity for variable rate debt or to fund capital expenditures from cash and investments. Affordable Care Act In March 2010, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 (the Affordable Care Act ) was enacted. Some of the provisions of the Affordable Care Act took effect immediately, while others will take effect or will be phased in over time, ranging from a few months to ten years following approval. Because of the complexity of the Affordable Care Act generally, additional legislation is likely to be considered and enacted over time. The Affordable Care Act will also require the promulgation of -20-

27 substantial regulations with significant effects on the health care industry and third-party payors. In response, third-party payors and suppliers and vendors of goods and services to health care providers are expected to impose new and additional contractual terms and conditions. Thus, the health care industry will be subjected to significant new statutory and regulatory requirements and contractual terms and conditions, and consequently to structural and operational changes and challenges, for a substantial period of time. The content and implementation of the Affordable Care Act has been, and remains highly controversial. Several attempts to amend and repeal provisions of the Affordable Care Act have been made since its passage. The ultimate outcome of any legislative efforts to repeal, substantially amend, eliminate or reduce funding for the Affordable Care Act is unknown. While these attempts have not been successful, the results of the Presidential and Congressional elections in 2016 could affect the outcome of future efforts. The effect of any major modification or repeal of the Affordable Care Act on the financial condition of the Obligated Group cannot be predicted with certainty, but could be materially adverse. The constitutionality of the Affordable Care Act has been challenged in courts around the country. On June 28, 2012, the U.S. Supreme Court in its decision in National Federation of Independent Business v. Sebelius upheld most provisions of the Affordable Care Act, including an individual mandate (which began in 2014, generally requiring individuals to have a certain amount of health insurance coverage or pay a penalty), while limiting the power of the federal government to penalize states for refusing to expand Medicaid. In June 2015, the U.S. Supreme Court in its decision in King v. Burwell upheld Treasury Regulation 26 C.F.R. 1.36B-2(a)(1), issued under the Affordable Care Act, stating that health insurance exchange purchasers can receive tax-credit subsidies, regardless of whether the purchase is made through a federal or state-operated exchange. Attempts to amend and repeal provisions of the Affordable Care Act were introduced in previous Congressional sessions and certain amendments to the Affordable Care Act were contained in the American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012 (the Taxpayer Relief Act ) signed into law by President Obama on January 2, The ultimate outcomes of any legislative attempts to repeal, amend or eliminate or reduce funding for the Affordable Care Act are unknown. A significant component of the Affordable Care Act is reformation of the sources and methods by which consumers will pay for health care for themselves and their families and by which employers will procure health insurance for their employees and dependents and, as a consequence, expansion of the base of consumers of health care services. The Affordable Care Act was designed to make available, or subsidize the premium costs of, health care insurance for some of the millions of currently uninsured (or underinsured) consumers who fall below certain income levels. The Affordable Care Act proposes to accomplish that objective through various provisions, summarized as follows: (i) the creation of active markets (referred to as exchanges or healthcare marketplaces) in which individuals and small employers can purchase health care insurance for themselves and their families or their employees and dependents, (ii) providing subsidies for premium costs to individuals and families based upon their income relative to federal poverty levels, (iii) mandating that individual consumers obtain and certain employers provide a minimum level of health care insurance, and providing for penalties or taxes on consumers and employers that do not comply with these mandates, (iv) expansion of private commercial insurance coverage generally through such reforms as prohibitions on denials of coverage for pre-existing conditions and elimination of lifetime or annual cost caps, and (v) expansion of existing public programs, including Medicaid, for individuals and families. According to a March 2016 Congressional Budget Office ( CBO ) report, approximately 90% of all U.S. residents currently have health insurance coverage, and the CBO predicts that level will be maintained over the next decade. To the extent all or any of those provisions produce the expected result, an increase in utilization of health care services by those who are currently avoiding or rationing their health care can be expected and bad debt expenses and/or charity -21-

28 care provided may be reduced. Associated with increased utilization will be increased variable and fixed costs of providing health care services, which may or may not be offset by increased revenues. At the same time, the exchanges through which individuals and small employers are guaranteed to have access to health insurance have had increasing difficulty in attracting enough insurance companies to create a competitive insurance market, or even to participate at all. The reasons for withdrawal of many insurance companies from the exchanges are varied and disputed, and it is unclear whether the problems faced by the exchanges are short-term issues, or whether the exchanges will continue to be a viable mechanism for the provision of health insurance in the future. In 2017, the Arizona Healthcare Marketplace is expected to have only one insurance company offering insurance in Maricopa County, and only one company offering insurance in Pinal County, although it is possible that neither county will have any insurance company offering insurance through the Healthcare Marketplace in No assurance can be given that any insurance companies will offer insurance through the Healthcare Marketplace in future years. Most of the Obligated Group s operations are in Maricopa and Pinal Counties. Although other health insurance companies may offer individual policies through other sales channels, these policies will not be eligible for the premium subsidies offered under the Affordable Care Act. If health insurance is not offered through the Arizona Healthcare Marketplace in Maricopa and Pinal Counties, it is likely that the number of people without any health insurance will increase and, therefore, the amount of uncompensated care that is provided at the Obligated Group s facilities will also increase. The extent of any increase in uncompensated care resulting from the unavailability of affordable insurance on the Arizona Healthcare Marketplace, and the ultimate impact on the Obligated Group cannot be predicted with certainty, but could be materially adverse. Some provisions of the Affordable Care Act may adversely affect some of the Obligated Group s hospitals and other operations more significantly than others, or may not affect them. Moreover, the Affordable Care Act remains subject to amendment, repeal, lack of implementation, failure to fund and judicial interpretation. The demographics of the markets in which the Obligated Group provides services, the mix of services that any hospital or other facility provides to its community and other factors that are unique to a hospital or other facility that are likely to affect operations, financial performance or financial conditions are described below. This listing is not intended to be, nor should be considered to be comprehensive. The Affordable Care Act is complex and comprehensive, and includes a myriad of new programs and initiatives and changes to existing programs, policies, practices and laws. Commencing upon enactment through September 30, 2019, the annual Medicare market basket updates for hospitals and skilled nursing facilities will be reduced. The market basket updates are subject to productivity adjustments. The reductions in market basket updates and the productivity adjustments will have a disproportionately negative effect upon those providers that are relatively more dependent upon Medicare than other providers. Additionally, the reductions in market basket updates will be effective prior to the periods during which insurance coverage and the insured consumer base will expand, which may have an interim negative effect on revenues and operating income. The combination of reductions to the market basket updates and the imposition of the productivity adjustments may, in some cases and in some years, result in reductions in Medicare payments per discharge on a year-to-year basis. Through September 30, 2019, payments under Medicare Advantage programs (Medicare managed care) will be reduced, which may result in increased premiums or out-of-pocket costs to Medicare beneficiaries enrolled in Medicare Advantage plans. Those beneficiaries may terminate their participation in such plans and opt for the traditional Medicare fee-for-service program. The reduction in payments to Medicare Advantage programs may also lead to decreased payments to providers by managed care companies operating Medicare Advantage programs. All or any of these outcomes will have a disproportionately negative effect upon those providers with relatively high dependence upon -22-

29 Medicare managed care revenues. The Corporation is the owner of a small Medicare Advantage plan for members who are also eligible for AHCCCS and is the 50% owner of a second larger Medicare Advantage plan. In addition, Banner Health Network, the Corporation s affiliated accountable care organization, is compensated by the partially-owned Medicare Advantage plan on a percent-of-premium basis. As a result, the Corporation s two Medicare Advantage subsidiaries and its accountable care organization subsidiary will be adversely affected by these payment reductions. As of October 1, 2012, a value-based purchasing program has been established under the Medicare program designed to provide incentive payments to hospitals based on performance using quality and efficiency measures. These incentive payments are to be funded through a pool of money collected from all hospital providers. As of October 1, 2013, based on the assumption that the law s new individual coverage and Medicaid expansion would substantially reduce the cost of uncompensated care provided by hospitals, the Affordable Care Act decreases the funds available for Medicare disproportionate share hospital ( DSH ) payments through 2019 and Medicaid DSH payments from 2018 through DSH payments will be increased thereafter to account for the national rate of consumers who do not have health care insurance and receive uncompensated care. See BONDHOLDERS RISKS Payment of Health Care Services Disproportionate Share Adjustments herein. The Taxpayer Relief Act is expected to further reduce Medicare DSH payments to hospitals by $4.2 billion over the next 10 years, by rebasing future allocations. The Affordable Care Act provides for the expansion of Medicaid programs to a broader population with incomes up to 133% of federal poverty levels. In its decision in National Federation of Independent Business v. Sebelius, the U.S. Supreme Court determined that any expansion of Medicaid must be at the option of individual states, and not a mandatory obligation. The Court reasoned that permitting the federal government to condition the availability of current Medicaid funding on participation in the expanded Medicaid program equated to a mandate that States participate in the expanded Medicaid program. Although the federal government is expected to fund most of the cost of the expanded Medicaid program through 2020, some state officials have expressed reluctance to participate, citing concerns that the administrative and other costs associated with enrolling and managing potentially millions of new individuals would add further stress to already depleted state resources. In the event a state chooses not to participate in the expanded Medicaid program, the net effect of the reforms contained in the Affordable Care Act could be significantly reduced. Arizona currently participates in the expanded Medicaid program. Arizona passed legislation expanding its Medicaid program, the Arizona Health Care Cost Containment System ( AHCCCS ), for individuals with incomes up to 133% of the federal poverty level as well as to restore eligibility for certain categories of individuals which had previously lost eligibility. Following implementation of the expansion, the number of persons enrolled in AHCCCS increased from approximately 1.3 million at the beginning of 2014 to approximately 1.85 million as of June 30, Arizona financed the state s share of the restoration and expansion utilizing an assessment upon most hospitals in the state. The legislation was politically divisive, and passed with a simple majority of the state legislature. Legislators who opposed the legislation have filed a lawsuit alleging that the hospital assessment constituted a tax required to be approved by a two-thirds majority of each house of the state legislature. Following a lower court ruling in August 2015 that the assessment was not a tax, the matter is pending before the Arizona appellate courts. The outcome of the lawsuit cannot be predicted at this point, but an unfavorable outcome could result in reversal of the AHCCCS expansion, which would likely have a material adverse effect upon the Obligated Group. -23-

30 As of October 1, 2012, Medicare payments that would otherwise be made to hospitals that have a high rate of potentially preventable readmissions of Medicare patients for certain clinical conditions are reduced by specified percentages to account for those excess and preventable hospital readmissions. The Affordable Care Act also established a program which began on October 1, 2014 and imposes financial penalties on hospitals that perform poorly with regard to certain Hospital Acquired Conditions ( HACs ). Beginning in fiscal year 2015 and continuing through fiscal year 2016, payment to certain hospitals discharging patients for HACs will be subject to a 1% reduction determined after any payment adjustment for other programs, such as the Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program and the value-based purchasing program. As of July 1, 2011, federal payments to states for Medicaid services related to health care-acquired conditions are prohibited. The Affordable Care Act also introduced a requirement that health care insurers include quality improvement covenants in their contracts with hospital providers, and report the progress on such actions to the Secretary of U.S. Department of Health and Human Services ( HHS ). Commencing January 1, 2015, health care insurers participating in the health insurance exchanges are allowed to contract only with hospitals that have implemented programs designed to ensure patient safety and enhance quality of care. The effect of these provisions upon the process of negotiating contracts with insurers or the costs of implementing such programs cannot be predicted. With varying effective dates, the Affordable Care Act enhances the ability to detect and reduce waste, fraud, and abuse in public programs through provider enrollment screening, enhanced oversight periods for new providers and suppliers, and enrollment moratoria in areas identified as being at elevated risk of fraud in all public programs, and by requiring Medicare and Medicaid program providers and suppliers to establish compliance programs. The Affordable Care Act requires the development of a database to capture and share health care provider data across federal health care programs and provides for increased penalties for fraud and abuse violations, and increased funding for anti-fraud activities. The Affordable Care Act also imposes additional requirements upon tax-exempt hospitals, including obligations to adopt and publicize a financial assistance policy; limit charges to patients who qualify for financial assistance to the lowest amount charged to insured patients; and control the billing and collection processes. Additionally, effective for tax years commencing on or after January 1, 2013, tax-exempt hospitals must conduct a community needs assessment and adopt an implementation strategy to meet those identified needs. Failure to satisfy these conditions may result in the imposition of fines and the loss of tax-exempt status. The Affordable Care Act provides for the establishment of an Independent Payment Advisory Board ( Board ) to develop proposals to improve the quality of care and to limit cost increases. Beginning January 15, 2019, if the Medicare growth rate exceeds the target growth rate as determined by CMS Office of the Actuary, the Board is required to develop proposals to reduce the growth rate and require the Secretary of HHS to implement those proposals, unless Congress enacts legislation related to the proposals. The Affordable Care Act creates a Center for Medicare and Medicaid Innovation to test innovative payment and service delivery models and to implement various demonstration programs and pilot projects to test, evaluate, encourage and expand new payment structures and methodologies to reduce health care expenditures while maintaining or improving quality of care, including bundled payments under Medicare and Medicaid, and comparative effectiveness research programs that compare the clinical effectiveness of medical treatments and develop recommendations concerning practice guidelines and coverage determinations. Other provisions encourage the creation of new health care delivery programs, such as accountable care organizations or combinations of provider organizations that -24-

31 voluntarily meet quality thresholds to share in the cost savings they achieve for the Medicare program. The outcomes of these projects and programs, including their effect on payments to providers and financial performance, cannot be predicted. For information on the Corporation s accountable care organizations, see STRATEGY and BANNER NON-OBLIGATED GROUP SUBSIDIARIES AND AFFILIATES Provider Network and Health Plans Banner Health Network in APPENDIX A hereto. Future Nonprofit Legislation Other legislative proposals which could have an adverse effect on the Obligated Group include: (i) any changes in the taxation of nonprofit corporations or in the scope of their exemption from income or property taxes; (ii) limitations on the amount or availability of tax-exempt financing for corporations recognized under Section 501(c)(3) of the Code; (iii) regulatory limitations affecting the Obligated Group s ability to undertake capital projects or develop new services; (iv) a requirement that nonprofit health care institutions pay real estate property tax and sales tax on the same basis as for-profit entities; (v) mandating certain levels of free or substantially reduced care that must be provided to low income uninsured and underinsured populations; and (vi) placing ceilings on executive compensation of nonprofit corporations. Legislative bodies have considered proposed legislation on the charity care standards that nonprofit, charitable hospitals must meet to maintain their federal income tax-exempt status under the Code and legislation mandating nonprofit, charitable hospitals to have an open-door policy toward Medicare and Medicaid patients as well as to offer, in a non-discriminatory manner, qualified charity care and community benefits. Excise tax penalties on nonprofit, charitable hospitals that violate these charity care and community benefit requirements could be imposed or their tax-exempt status under the Code could be revoked. As described above, because of the complexity of health reform generally, additional legislation is likely to be considered and enacted over time beyond the Affordable Care Act. The scope and effect of legislation, if any, which may be adopted at the federal or state levels with respect to charity care of nonprofit hospitals cannot be predicted. Any such legislation or similar legislation, if enacted, may have the effect of subjecting a portion of the Obligated Group s income to federal or state income taxes or to other tax penalties. Budget Control Act of 2011 The Budget Control Act of 2011 (the Budget Control Act ) limits the federal government s discretionary spending caps at levels necessary to reduce expenditures by $917 billion from the current federal budget baseline through fiscal year Medicare, Social Security, Medicaid and other entitlement programs will not be affected by the limit on discretionary spending caps. The Budget Control Act also created a Joint Select Committee on Deficit Reduction (the Committee ), which was tasked with making recommendations to further reduce the federal deficit by $1.5 trillion on or before November 23, After several months of negotiations, the Committee was unable to reach agreement on spending reductions, putting into motion $1.2 trillion in spending cuts (known as sequestration). Provisions of the Budget Control Act, as modified by the Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012, set in place a protocol for the sequestration resulting in an automatic 2% reduction in Medicare program payments for all healthcare providers and Medicare Advantage insurers effective March 27, On March 26, 2013, President Obama signed into law Consolidated and Further Continuing Appropriations Act of 2013, providing funds for operation of the federal government through September 30, 2013 and off-setting some of the sequestration mandated reductions for federal fiscal year The spending reductions for federal fiscal year 2013 were approximately $85.4 billion with similar cuts for federal fiscal years 2014 through In December 2013, the President signed the Bipartisan Budget Act of 2013 that increased the sequestration caps for federal fiscal years 2014 and 2015 by $45 billion -25-

32 and $18 billion, respectively, but extended the caps into On November 2, 2015, President Obama signed the Bipartisan Budget Act of 2015, increasing the budget caps imposed by prior legislation for fiscal years 2016 and 2017, authorizing $80 billion in increased discretionary spending over the next two years and suspending the debt limit until March 15, The Bipartisan Budget Act of 2015 also extended the 2% reduction to Medicare providers and insurers for another year (to at least March 31, 2025). Because Congress may make changes to the budget in the future, it is impossible to predict the impact any spending cuts that are approved may have on the Obligated Group. Further, with no longterm resolution in place for federal deficit reduction, hospital and physician reimbursement are likely to continue to be targets for reductions with respect to any interim or long-term federal deficit reduction efforts. These and any additional reductions in Medicare spending could have a material adverse effect upon the financial condition or operations of the Obligated Group. Jobs Creation Act The Middle Class Tax Relief and Job Creation Act of 2012 (the Jobs Creation Act ), as amended by the Taxpayer Relief Act, delayed through the end of 2013 the implementation of certain scheduled cuts to physician payments mandated by the sustainable growth rate ( SGR ) formula that ties physician reimbursement to the gross domestic product. In 2013, Medicare physician reimbursement would have been cut by 26.5% but for this extension. The Jobs Creation Act provides that the approximately $17 billion cost of delaying the scheduled cuts for physician payments be achieved by providing for cuts in other areas of health care, including reductions in Medicaid payments to hospitals with a disproportionate share of uninsured patients, as well as reducing Medicare s reimbursement to providers for beneficiaries unpaid coinsurance and deductible amounts after reasonable collection efforts. Prior to the enactments of the Jobs Creation Act, Medicare reimbursed hospital providers 70% of beneficiary bad debt. The Jobs Creation Act reduces that reimbursement level to 65%. In 2014, the Protecting Access to Medicare Act of 2014 was passed which delayed scheduled SGR reductions of 24% until March On April 16, 2015, President Obama signed into law the Medicare Access and Children s Health Insurance Program Reauthorization Act ( MACRA ). The law replaced the SGR formula with statutorily prescribed physician payment updates and provisions and includes details to pay for the approximately $210 billion cost associated with eliminating the SGR formula. Reductions in payments for treating Medicare beneficiaries may have a material adverse effect on the financial condition or operations of the Obligated Group. The Taxpayer Relief Act also continues a number of Medicare policies known as extenders. Those extenders include a wide variety of policies, including special provisions for some low-volume hospitals and charges for ambulance and physical therapy costs. The $30 billion cost of these provisions is expected to be partially offset by a reduction of payments to hospitals over the next decade, including an estimated $10.5 billion reduction in the projected Medicare hospital payments over ten years for inpatient or overnight care (through a downward adjustment in annual base payment increases), and a reduction in the Medicaid disproportionate share payments to hospitals by an additional $4.2 billion over the same period. These cuts are in addition to those made with respect to hospitals as part of the Affordable Care Act. Payment for Health Care Services Third-Party Payment Programs. Most of the patient service revenues of the Obligated Group are derived from third-party payors which reimburse or pay for the services and items provided to patients covered by such third parties for such services, including the federal Medicare program, state Medicaid programs and private health plans and insurers, health maintenance organizations ( HMOs ), preferred -26-

33 provider organizations ( PPOs ) and other managed care payors. Most of these third-party payors make payments to the Obligated Group at fixed case rates rather than the direct charges of the Obligated Group for the services rendered, which case rates are determined based upon an estimate of the costs that will be incurred in providing services and items to patients. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that payments made under these programs will be adequate to cover the Obligated Group s actual costs of furnishing health care services and items. In addition, the financial performance of the Obligated Group could be adversely affected by the insolvency of, or other delay in receipt of payments from, third-party payors which provide coverage for services to their patients. In addition, an increasing percentage of the Obligated Group s patient services revenues are based upon percent-of-premium, capitation, bundled payment, shared savings or other risk-based payment mechanisms under which the Obligated Group assumes accountability and risk for all or a portion of the cost of the care provided to patients and the quality of such care. To the extent that the Obligated Group inaccurately predicts the actual cost of care, fails to deliver quality outcomes, is unable to appropriately coordinate and manage care, or otherwise incurs costs in excess of the payment available under such mechanism, the financial condition of the Obligated Group will be adversely affected. Medicare and Medicaid Programs. Medicare and Medicaid are the commonly used names for health care reimbursement or payment programs governed by certain provisions of the federal Social Security Act. Medicare is an exclusively federal program and Medicaid is a combined federal and state program. Medicare provides certain health care benefits to beneficiaries who are 65 years of age or older, disabled or qualify for the End Stage Renal Disease Program. Medicare Part A covers inpatient services and certain other services, and Medicare Part B covers outpatient services, certain physician services, medical supplies and durable medical equipment. Medicaid is designed to pay providers for care given to the medically indigent and others who receive federal aid. Medicaid is funded by federal and state appropriations and is administered by state agencies. CMS administers the Medicare program and works with the states regarding the Medicaid program, as well as other health care programs. Health care providers have been and continue to be affected significantly by changes made in the last several years in federal and state health care laws and regulations, particularly those pertaining to Medicare and Medicaid. The Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement and Modernization Act of 2003 (the MMA ), among other things described below, generally increased reimbursement levels. The Deficit Reduction Act of 2005 (the DRA ), contained, among other things, a number of provisions to slow the pace of spending growth in the Medicare and Medicaid programs while increasing health care providers focus on quality and efficient delivery of health care services. The purpose of much of the recent statutory and regulatory activity, including the MMA, has been to reduce the rate of increase in health care costs, particularly costs paid under the Medicare and Medicaid programs. Diverse and complex statutory and regulatory mechanisms to limit the amount of money paid to health care providers under both the Medicare and Medicaid programs have been enacted, some of which are being implemented and some of which will be or may be implemented in the future. Management of the Obligated Group is unable to predict what effect, if any, current and future legislative initiatives related to Medicare and Medicaid may have on operations of the Obligated Group. Medicare. For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015, approximately 23% of the net patient revenues of the Corporation were derived from Medicare. As a consequence, any adverse development or change in Medicare reimbursement could have a material adverse effect on the financial condition and results of operations of the Obligated Group. Critical Access Hospitals. A Critical Access Hospital ( CAH ) is a limited service hospital which is located in a rural area and meets other Medicare qualification requirements. Medicare generally reimburses CAHs on the basis of their current Medicare-allowable costs, or cost-based reimbursement, for inpatient and outpatient services provided to Medicare beneficiaries, rather than under a payment -27-

34 system known as the Prospective Payment System or PPS, under which other acute care hospitals are reimbursed. Regulations limit a CAH to operating 25 beds to provide inpatient services. All 25 beds may be used interchangeably to provide swing-bed or post-acute care service to patients. Additionally, the average length of stay is limited to 96 hours and the CAH is required to provide 24-hour emergency care. In the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015, eight of the Obligated Group s hospitals qualified as CAHs and had total revenue of approximately $206 million. Inpatient Operating Reimbursement under PPS. For acute care hospitals, including twenty owned or leased by the Obligated Group, Medicare Part A pays for most inpatient services under PPS. Separate PPS payments are made for inpatient operating costs and inpatient capital-related costs. The following discussion on Medicare reimbursement relates to hospitals that are reimbursed on a PPS basis. Acute care hospitals that are reimbursed on a PPS basis are paid a specified amount toward their operating costs based on the Diagnosis Related Group ( DRG ) to which each Medicare patient is assigned, which is determined by the diagnosis and procedure and other factors for each particular inpatient stay. The amount paid for each DRG is established prospectively by CMS based on the estimated intensity of hospital resources necessary to furnish care for each principal diagnosis and is not directly related to a hospital s actual costs. For certain Medicare beneficiaries who have unusually costly hospital stays ( outliers ), CMS will provide additional payments above those specified for the DRG. Outlier payments cease to be available upon the exhaustion of such patient s Medicare benefits or a determination that acute care is no longer necessary, whichever occurs first. There is no assurance that any of these payments will cover the actual costs incurred by a hospital. In addition, revisions to the outlier regulations implemented in order to curb outlier payment abuse may adversely affect hospitals ability to receive such subsidies. In addition to outlier payments, DRG payments are adjusted for area wage differentials. These change on a yearly basis. DRG payments are adjusted each federal fiscal year (which begins October 1) based on the hospital market basket index, or the cost of providing health care services. For nearly every year since 1983, Congress has modified the increases and given substantially less than the increase in the market basket index. CMS has also implemented a documentation and coding adjustment to account for changes in payments under the Medicare Severity Diagnosis Related Group, or MS-DRG system, that are not related to changes in case mix. CMS was given the authority to retrospectively determine if the documentation and coding adjustments were adequate to account for changes in payments not related to changes in case mix. The Taxpayer Relief Act requires CMS to recover $11 billion by 2017 to fully recoup documentation and coding overpayments related to the transition to the MS-DRG system. The Affordable Care Act reduces the annual Medicare market basket updates each federal fiscal year through federal fiscal year The Affordable Care Act also provides that annual Medicare market basket updates will be subject to productivity adjustments, further reducing Medicare payments to hospitals. The reductions in market basket updates and the productivity adjustments will have a disproportionately negative effect upon those providers that rely more upon Medicare. The combination of reductions to the market basket updates and the imposition of the productivity adjustments may, in some cases and in some years, result in reductions in Medicare payments per discharge on a year-to-year basis. Changes in the payments received for all services, including specialty services, could have an adverse effect on the Obligated Group. For further information regarding the Affordable Care Act and its provisions, see BONDHOLDERS RISKS Affordable Care Act herein. As required by the DRA, hospitals that do not participate in the Hospital Inpatient Quality Reporting Program (formerly known as the Reporting Hospital Quality Data for Annual Payment Update or RHQDAPU) will receive the market basket update less 2.0%. CMS continues to update the quality -28-

35 measures that hospitals must report in order to qualify for the full market basket update. The Obligated Group s hospitals participate in the Hospital Quality Initiative. For federal fiscal year 2017, CMS increased acute care hospital rates by 0.95%. This increase reflects: (i) a market basket increase of 2.7%; (ii) a multi-factor productivity reduction of 0.3%; (iii) an additional reduction of 0.75% for cuts mandated under the Affordable Care Act; (iv) a 1.5% reduction for documentation and coding recoupment adjustment required by the Taxpayer Relief Act; and (v) an increase of approximately 0.8% to remove the adjustment to offset the estimated costs of the twomidnight rule (described below). The Secretary of HHS is required to review annually the DRG categories to take into account any new procedures, to reclassify DRGs and to recalibrate the DRG relative weights that reflect the relative hospital resources used by hospitals with respect to discharges classified within a given DRG category. Since the implementation of the MS-DRG system, CMS has created new DRGs and revised or deleted others in order to better recognize the severity of illness for each patient. CMS may only adjust DRG weights on a budget-neutral basis. There is no assurance that the Obligated Group will be paid amounts that will adequately reflect changes in the cost of providing health care or in the cost of making health care technology available to patients. The Two Midnight Rule. Effective October 1, 2013, CMS adopted the 2014 Final IPPS Rule for 2014, which incorporated policies known as the Inpatient Hospital Prepayment Review Probe & Educate review process or the Two-Midnight rule. The Two-Midnight rule provides that inpatient admissions will be presumed to be appropriate for Medicare coverage and payment if the admitting physician documents a reasonable and supportable expectation that the patient will need care in the hospital for a period spanning two midnights, and that the patient in fact remains in the hospital for a period spanning two midnights. If the expectation and length of stay requirements are not met, then the admission is not presumed to be an appropriate inpatient admission, and would be treated as an observation stay with substantially less reimbursement. While CMS stated that it adopted the policy due to growing concern with the overuse of the observation status at hospitals, the impact of the policy (and the modification of hospital admission criteria in anticipation of full implementation of the policy) has been to cause a substantial increase in the number of hospital admissions being classified as observation cases. Effective October 1, 2015, responsibility for initial review of inpatient admissions shifted from Medicare administrative contractors to quality improvement organizations ( QIO ), and recovery audit contractors will only conduct reviews for providers that have been referred by the related QIO. The Outpatient PPS Final Rule, issued in November 2015 and effective January 1, 2016, revised the Two- Midnight rule to allow an exception for Medicare Part A payment on a case-by-case basis for inpatient admissions that do not satisfy the two-midnight benchmark if documentation in the medical records supports that the patient required inpatient care. Following ongoing industry criticism and a legal challenge, CMS announced it would not continue to impose an inpatient payment cut to hospitals under the Two-Midnight rule starting in 2017 and released a proposed rule on April 18, 2016 that would forego the inpatient payment cuts. On August 2, 2016, in its 2017 Medicare Inpatient Prospective Payment System final rule, CMS eliminated the inpatient pay cuts associated with the Two-Midnight rule. In addition, the final rule instituted an increase of approximately 0.8% in fiscal year 2017 to offset the estimated cost of the Two-Midnight rule policy in fiscal years Obligated Group management is unable to predict whether the inpatient pay cuts associated with the Two-Midnight rule will be reinstated in the future, or what effect, if any, the Two-Midnight rule will have on future hospital revenues. Hospital Value-Based Purchasing. The Affordable Care Act established a value-based purchasing program to link payments to hospitals to the quality and efficiency of care provided. The -29-

36 program operates by first reducing participating hospitals Medicare payments by a specified percentage, then using the estimated total amount of those payment reductions to fund value-based incentive payments to hospitals based on their performance under the program. To create a pool to fund the valuebased purchasing incentives in 2016, CMS reduced the inpatient PPS DRG payment amounts for all discharges by 1.75%. The applicable percent reduction to participating hospitals base operating DRG payment amounts continues to increase over time. This reduction will increase to 2% for 2017 and subsequent years. Each federal fiscal year, the total amount collected from these reductions will be pooled and used to fund payments to reward hospitals that meet certain quality performance standards established by HHS. CMS estimated it would distribute $1.5 billion in federal fiscal year 2016 to hospitals based on their overall performance on a set of quality measures that are linked to improved clinical processes of care and patient satisfaction. Hospitals are scored based on a weighted average of patient experience scores using the Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems ( HCAHPS ) survey and clinical process-of-care measures. CMS scores each hospital based on achievement (relative to other hospitals) and improvement ranges (relative to the hospital s own past performance) for each applicable measure. Because the Affordable Care Act provides that the pool will be fully distributed, hospitals that meet or exceed the quality performance standards receive greater reimbursement under the value-based purchasing program than they would have otherwise. Hospitals that do not achieve the necessary quality performance receive reduced Medicare inpatient hospital payments. Pursuant to the 2016 inpatient OPPS final rule, value-based purchasing incentive payments for 2016 will be based on four domains: outcomes, efficiency, clinical process and patient experience. The Obligated Group is unable to predict how value-based purchasing will affect its results of operations, however it is possible the program could negatively impact the revenues of the Obligated Group. Rehabilitation. CMS reimburses inpatient rehabilitation facilities ( IRFs ) on a PPS basis. Under IRF PPS, patients are classified into case mix groups based on impairment, age, comorbidities and functional capability. IRFs are paid a predetermined amount per discharge that reflects the patient s case mix group and is adjusted for area wage levels, low-income patients, rural areas and high-cost outliers. The final IRF rule issued by CMS for federal fiscal year 2012 (the 2012 IRF Rule ) implemented a new quality reporting program required by the Affordable Care Act, which will reduce the annual IRF PPS rates by 2% for facilities that fail to report quality data, beginning in federal fiscal year Under the 2012 IRF Rule, IRFs submit quality data related to urinary catheter-associated urinary tract infection and pressure ulcers that are new or have worsened, with a third quality measure currently under consideration by CMS related to readmissions. On July 31, 2015, CMS updated its IRF PPS for federal fiscal year 2016 (the 2016 IRF Rule ). The 2016 IRF Rule provides for a market basket increase of 2.4%, with a 0.5% multi-factor productivity downward adjustment and a 0.2% reduction, each as mandated by the Affordable Care Act. An additional 0.1% increase will be added to aggregate payments due to updating the outlier threshold, which will result in an overall increase of 1.8% (or $135 million) relative to payments in federal fiscal year On August 5, 2016, CMS published its IRF PPS final rule for federal fiscal year 2017 (the 2017 IRF Rule ). CMS estimates that, based on the 2017 IRF Rule, payments to IRFs will increase by 1.9% (or $145 million) compared to 2016 levels. The 2017 IRF Rule provides for a market basket increase of 2.7%, with a 0.3% multi-factor productivity downward adjustment and a 0.75% reduction, each as mandated by the Affordable Care Act. An additional 0.3% increase will be added to aggregate payments due to updating the outlier threshold. Psychiatric. Inpatient psychiatric services are reimbursed on a PPS basis, as mandated by the Medicare, Medicaid and SCHIP Balanced Budget Refinement Act of The inpatient psychiatric -30-

37 facility PPS ( IPF PPS ) applies to both freestanding psychiatric hospitals and certified psychiatric units in general acute care hospitals. The IPF PPS final rule, effective October 1, 2015 through September 30, 2016, provides for a market basket update of 2.4%, less a 0.2% adjustment and less a 0.5% productivity reduction, each as mandated by the Affordable Care Act, for an overall increase of 1.7%. Capital Costs. Hospitals are reimbursed on a fully prospective basis for capital costs (including depreciation and interest) related to the provision of inpatient services to Medicare beneficiaries. Thus, capital costs are reimbursed exclusively on the basis of a standard federal rate (based on average national costs), subject to certain adjustments (such as for disproportionate share, indirect medical education and outlier cases) specific to the hospital. Hospitals are reimbursed at 100% of the standard federal rate for all capital costs. This applies to the standard federal rate before the application of the adjustment factors for outliers, exceptions and budget neutrality. There can be no assurance that the prospective payments for capital costs will be sufficient to cover the actual capital-related costs of the Obligated Group allocable to Medicare patient stays or to provide adequate flexibility in meeting the Obligated Group s future capital needs. Disproportionate Share Adjustments. Under PPS, hospitals that serve a disproportionate share of low-income patients may receive an additional disproportionate share hospital adjustment ( DSH ). A hospital may be classified as a DSH hospital based upon any of several circumstances related to the number of beds, the hospital s location, and its disproportionate patient percentage. The DSH adjustment is calculated under one of several methods, depending upon the basis for the hospital s classification as a DSH hospital. Thirteen of the Obligated Group s hospitals received DSH payments totaling approximately $81 million related to services performed in Under healthcare reform, with the expected decrease in the uninsured population, federal DSH payments were reduced by 75% commencing in federal fiscal year The 75% reduction in DSH payments that would otherwise be paid under Medicare DSH will be effectively pooled, and this pool will be reduced further each year by a formula that reflects reductions in the national level of uninsured who are under 65 years of age. Each DSH hospital will then be paid, out of the reduced DSH payment pool, an amount allocated based upon its level of uncompensated care. It is difficult to predict the full impact of the Medicare DSH reductions. The Congressional Budget Office estimates $22 billion in reductions to Medicare DSH payments between 2010 and 2019, while for the same time period, CMS estimates DSH reimbursement reductions totaling $50 billion. There is no assurance that any of the Obligated Group s hospitals will receive DSH payments in the future. Hospitals that provide care to a disproportionately high number of low-income patients may also receive Medicaid DSH payments. The federal government distributes federal Medicaid DSH funds to each state based on a statutory formula. The states then distribute the DSH funding among qualifying hospitals. States have broad discretion to define which hospitals qualify for Medicaid DSH payments and the amount of such payments, but are required to fund a portion of the available DSH funding in order for payments to be made. Arizona has discontinued providing any portion of the state-required funding from its general fund, effectively terminating access by the Obligated Group s Arizona hospitals to Medicaid DSH payments. Since then, local governmental entities have provided a portion of the necessary funding, many of which have been funded from provider assessments. Through one such program, the Phoenix Access to Care program, the Corporation received $13.6 million in Medicaid payments in The program has been discontinued, and there is currently no assurance that there will be any Medicaid DSH payments available for the Obligated Group s Arizona hospitals in the future. The Affordable Care Act will reduce funding for the Medicaid DSH hospital program in federal fiscal years 2014 through 2020 by the following amounts: 2014 ($500 million); 2015 ($600 million); 2016 ($600 million); 2017 ($1.8 billion); 2018 ($5.0 billion); 2019 ($5.6 billion); and 2020 ($4 billion). In addition, the Jobs Creation Act provides for an additional Medicaid DSH reduction of $4.1 billion in federal fiscal year How such -31-

38 cuts are allocated among the states and how the states allocate these cuts among providers, have yet to be determined. There is no assurance that the Members of the Obligated Group will receive Medicare and/or Medicaid DSH payments in the future. For further information regarding the Affordable Care Act and its provisions, see BONDHOLDERS RISKS Affordable Care Act herein. Costs of Outpatient Services. Hospital outpatient services, including hospital operating and capital costs, are reimbursed on a PPS basis. Several Part B services are specifically excluded from this rule, including certain physician and non-physician practitioner services, ambulance, clinical diagnostic laboratory services and nonimplantable orthotics and prosthetics, physical and occupational therapy, and speech language pathology services. Under the hospital outpatient PPS, predetermined amounts are paid for designated services furnished to Medicare beneficiaries. CMS classifies outpatient services and procedures that are comparable clinically and in terms of resource use into ambulatory payment classification ( APC ) groups. Using hospital outpatient claims data from the most recent available hospital cost reports, CMS determines the median costs for the services and procedures in each APC group. Subsequently, a payment rate is established for each APC. Depending on the services provided, a hospital may be paid for more than one APC for a patient visit. Outpatient PPS ( OPPS ) rates are adjusted annually (on a calendar year schedule) based on the hospital inpatient market basket percentage increase. In addition to modifying the two-midnight rule, the final 2016 OPPS rule authorized an overall market basket increase of 1.7%, reflecting a 2.4% market basket increase, less a multi-factor productivity adjustment of 0.5% and an Affordable Care Act reduction of 0.2%. CMS estimates that total payments for 2016 will decrease by approximately 0.4% compared to CMS expects to release the final 2016 OPPS rule on or around November 1, There can be no assurance that the hospital OPPS rate, which bases payment on APC groups rather than on individual services, will be sufficient to cover the actual costs of the System allocable to Medicare patient care. In addition to the APC rate, there is a predetermined beneficiary coinsurance amount for each APC group. CMS projects the overall beneficiary coinsurance for OPPS services to be 19.3% in There can be no assurance that the beneficiary will pay this amount. Certain provisions of the Affordable Care Act relating to OPPS services have been implemented that may impact the reimbursement and operations of hospitals across the country. Some of the specific reforms that have the potential to impact hospitals are: (i) reduction of the OPPS market basket increase factor by a productivity adjustment (effective 2012) and an additional adjustment for payments to hospital outpatient departments (from 2010 through 2019); (ii) application of similar productivity adjustments for payment for ambulatory surgical center ( ASC ) services, which began with calendar year 2011; (iii) new provisions relating to the prohibition against referrals to a hospital by a physician who has an ownership or investment interest in the hospital; (iv) adjustments to the area wage adjustment factor for outpatient department services; and (v) changes related to payment for graduate medical education and indirect medical education. Provider-Based Standards. Some health care providers bill for services as provider-based entities and, as such, are subject to CMS provider-based regulations. If CMS makes a determination that an entity which has claimed provider-based status does not in fact meet the criteria for such status, amounts previously paid may be subject to recoupment. Any reclassification by CMS may adversely affect the entity s reimbursement under the Medicare program. The Obligated Group has several provider-based entities. -32-

39 Section 603 of the Bipartisan Budget Act of 2015 reduces Medicare payments to newly enrolled provider-based, off-campus hospital outpatient departments ( HOPDs ) by excluding such facilities from payment under the Outpatient PPS beginning January 1, While this change does not affect already existing and enrolled provider-based, off-campus HOPDs that were billing for services prior to November 2, 2015, newly enrolled provider-based, off-campus HOPDs will receive lower payments than in previous years for providing the same services. Physician Payments. Certain physician services are reimbursed on the basis of a national fee schedule called the resource based-relative value scale ( RB-RVS ). The RB-RVS fee schedule establishes payment amounts for all physician services, including services of provider-based physicians, and is subject to annual updates. Historically, Medicare payments for physician services have been linked to the Sustainable Growth Rate ( SGR ). The SGR acted as a limit to the growth of Medicare payments and was linked to changes in the U.S. Gross Domestic Product over a ten-year period. The use of the SGR in determining physician fee schedule updates was widely criticized, and was consistently neutralized with Congressional intervention which served to delay considerable decreases to Medicare physician payments. In response to these criticisms, MACRA replaced the SGR formula with statutorily prescribed physician payment updates and provisions comprising the Quality Payment Program. Specifically, MACRA eliminated the cut to physician payments required by the SGR formula, and substituted annual 0.5% payment increases through Thereafter, payments rates will be frozen at 2019 levels through Beginning January 1, 2019, and carrying through 2025, physician payment adjustments will occur through the Quality Payment Program s two reimbursement tracks - the Merit-based Incentive Payment System ( MIPS ) or an Advanced Alternative Payment Model ( APM ). In calculating physician payment adjustments, MIPS streamlines existing quality and value programs, accounting for physician performance under the meaningful use of electronic health records incentive program, the value-based modifier, and physician quality reporting system. Payments to physicians participating in APMs similarly account for performance under such programs. Beginning in 2026, physicians who adequately participate in APMs will receive an annual increase of 0.75% and physicians who participate in MIPs will receive an annual increase of 0.5%. While the immediate payment cuts associated with the SGR formula have been eliminated, it is possible that future legislative action will be taken that would once again trigger physician payment reductions. Skilled Nursing Care. Medicare Part A reimburses on a PPS basis for certain post-acute inpatient skilled nursing and rehabilitation care for up to 100 days during the same spell of illness. For skilled nursing facilities ( SNFs ), the federal government has implemented a PPS for Medicare reimbursement, which utilizes prospective, case-mix adjusted per diem rates applicable to all covered SNF services. Reimbursement under PPS incorporates adjustments to account for facility case-mix using the Resource Utilization Groups ( RUGs ) system, currently RUGs-IV, with a total of 66 RUGs divided into 16 categories. Payment rates assigned to each RUG are subject to an annual market basket adjustment, based upon the increase or decrease of the medical care expenditure category of the Consumer Price Index, which may be less than inflation. In the final rule setting out Medicare reimbursement rates for SNFs for federal fiscal year 2017, CMS projects Medicare payments will increase by 2.4% (or $920 million) from payments in federal fiscal year The increase reflects a skilled nursing facility market basket increase of 2.7% less an Affordable Care Act mandated productivity adjustment of 0.3%. Home Health Care. CMS pays home health agencies for 60-day episodes of care based on PPS and reimburses agencies at higher rates for beneficiaries with greater needs. The Obligated Group uses national payment rates that vary with the level of care required by each beneficiary, adjusted to reflect area wage differences. Additional payments may be made to the 60-day case-mix adjusted episode payments for beneficiaries who incur unusually large costs, but pursuant to the Affordable Care Act total -33-

40 national outlier payments for home health services annually will be no more than 2.5% of estimated total payments under home health PPS. To adjust for case-mix, the home health PPS uses a 153-category casemix classification system to assign patients to a home health resource group ( HHRG ). As required by the DRA, agencies that do not submit data to CMS relating to certain quality indicators will have their market basket update percentage reduced by 2%. As required by the Affordable Care Act, the 2015 CMS final rule implements the second year of a four-year phase-in of the rebasing adjustments (3.5% each year) to the home health PPS payment rates, with the stated goal of better aligning payments with costs of care. The Affordable Care Act also requires that the home health market basket annual update be subject to a productivity adjustment, beginning in The 2016 CMS final rule for home health agencies includes a market basket increase for calendar year 2016 of 2.3%, with a 0.4% productivity adjustment reduction, which results in a calendar year 2016 PPS rate of 1.9%. For further information regarding the Affordable Care Act and its provisions, see BONDHOLDERS RISKS Affordable Care Act herein. Ambulatory Surgical Centers. Medicare pays for ambulatory surgical center ( ASC ) services on a PPS basis. Under the CMS final rule for calendar year 2016, payments to ASCs increased by 0.3%. This is based on a 0.8% CPI index update, less a multi-factor productivity adjustment of 0.5%. For calendar year 2016, ASCs are required to report on 11 quality measures and may voluntarily report on 1 additional measure. ASCs that fail to report will have their payments reduced by 2%. Medicare Advantage. Medicare beneficiaries may obtain Medicare coverage through a managed care Medicare Advantage plan. A Medicare Advantage plan may be offered by a coordinated care plan (such as an HMO or PPO), a provider sponsored organization ( PSO ) (a network operated by health care providers rather than an insurance company), a private fee-for-service plan, or a combination of a medical savings account ( MSA ) and contributions to a Medicare Advantage plan. Each Medicare Advantage plan, except an MSA plan, is required to provide benefits approved by the Secretary of HHS. A Medicare Advantage plan will receive a monthly capitated payment from HHS for each Medicare beneficiary who has elected coverage under the plan. Health care providers must contract with Medicare Advantage plans to treat Medicare Advantage enrollees at agreed upon rates or may form a PSO to contract directly with HHS as a Medicare Advantage plan. Covered inpatient and emergency services rendered to a Medicare Advantage beneficiary by a hospital that is an out-of-plan provider (i.e., that has not entered into a contract with a Medicare Advantage plan) will be paid at Medicare fee-for-service payment rates as payment in full. The Affordable Care Act provides that, through September 30, 2019, payments under the Medicare Advantage programs will be reduced, which may result in increased premiums or out-of-pocket costs to Medicare beneficiaries enrolled in Medicare Advantage plans. These beneficiaries may terminate their participation in such Medicare Advantage plans and opt for the traditional Medicare fee-for-service program. The reduction in payments to Medicare Advantage plans may also lead to decreased payments to providers by managed care companies operating Medicare Advantage plans. There can be no assurance that the rates negotiated for the treatment of Medicare Advantage enrollees will be sufficient to cover the cost of providing services to such patients. All or any of these outcomes will have a disproportionately negative effect upon those providers with relatively high dependence upon Medicare managed care revenues. For further information regarding the Affordable Care Act and its provisions, see BONDHOLDERS RISKS Affordable Care Act above. The Taxpayer Relief Act provided for modifications to the Medicare Advantage coding intensity adjustment, which adjusts Medicare Advantage payments to account for differences between fee-for-service Medicare and Medicare Advantage. The Taxpayer Relief Act increased the 2014 Medicare Advantage coding intensity adjustment by setting it at a minimum of 4.91% and mandated an incremental increase in the adjustment annually starting in 2015 which is expected to further reduce payments by 0.25% each year. The result of these modifications is to limit increases in Medicare payments to Medicare Advantage plans based upon the risk adjustment factor -34-

41 assigned to plan beneficiaries based upon their acuity which, in turn, limits payments to providers who are compensated on percent-of-premium or similar risk-based reimbursement. Medicare Audits. Hospitals participating in Medicare are subject to audits and retroactive audit adjustments with respect to reimbursement claimed under the Medicare program. Medicare regulations also provide for withholding Medicare payment in certain circumstances if it is determined that an overpayment of Medicare funds has been made. In addition, under certain circumstances, payments may be determined to have been made as a consequence of improper claims subject to the Federal False Claims Act (the Federal False Claims Act ) or other federal statutes, subjecting the Obligated Group to civil or criminal sanctions. The Obligated Group is not aware of any situation whereby a material Medicare payment is being withheld from it. RAC Audits. The Recovery Audit Contractor Program ( RAC Program ) is a CMS program that was part of the Medicare Modernization Act of 2003 on a pilot basis and then made permanent in the Tax Relief and Healthcare Act of 2006 (the 2006 Tax Act ). The Affordable Care Act expanded the RAC Program to include Medicare Part C (Medicare Advantage plans), Medicare Part D (prescription drug coverage) and the Medicaid program. The goal of the RAC Program is to identify and correct improper payments made to providers. RAC Program activities are executed by contractors selected by CMS, who are compensated on a contingency basis. Contractors have three years from the time a claim is paid to review that claim. However no claims paid prior to October 2007 can be reviewed. Management of the Obligated Group cannot anticipate the amount or volume of the Obligated Group s past Medicare claims that will be reviewed under the RAC program or what the results of any such audits may be. Medicaid. Medicaid (Title XIX of the federal Social Security Act) is a health insurance program for certain low-income and needy individuals that is jointly funded by the federal government and the states. Under Medicaid, the federal government provides limited funding to states that have medical assistance programs that meet federal standards. The Affordable Care Act provides enhanced federal funding for states to expand their Medicaid program to virtually all non-elderly, non-disabled adults with incomes up to 133% of the federal poverty level. Attempts to balance or reduce the federal and state budgets may negatively impact spending for Medicaid and other state health care programs. All states in which the Obligated Group does business, with the exception of Arizona and California, participate in the traditional Medicaid Program. Although Arizona does not have a traditional Medicaid program, the Arizona legislature adopted legislation effective October 1982, which established the AHCCCS, a federally and state supported research and demonstration program for health care to the indigent. California operates the California Medical Assistance Program ( Medi-Cal ). Approximately 13% of the net patient revenues of the Corporation was derived from the Medicaid program, Medi-Cal and AHCCCS for the fiscal year ended December 31, Medicaid programs vary widely from state to state and are continually being amended and revised with respect to reimbursement levels, covered services, and eligibility. As of June 30, 2016, approximately 1.85 million individuals were enrolled in AHCCCS, comprising approximately 27% of the population of Arizona. Because Medicaid/AHCCCS expenditures have risen rapidly in recent years, particularly in Arizona and Colorado, there is increasing governmental pressure to reduce reimbursement. For example, the DRA included Medicaid cuts of approximately $4.8 billion over five years. The State of Arizona, in particular, has imposed a number of reimbursement cuts, including freezing reimbursement rates from June 2008 through 2010 and, in 2011, reducing reimbursement rates by 10% and imposing a 25-day annual maximum for inpatient reimbursement, and substantially restricted eligibility. The Obligated Group estimates that AHCCCS reimbursement currently covers approximately 65% (January June 2016) of the cost of providing care to AHCCCS enrollees Although Arizona has since reversed the eligibility restrictions and expanded AHCCCS coverage effective in 2014, the reimbursement cuts and annual -35-

42 limitations on inpatient reimbursement remain in effect. See APPENDIX A MANAGEMENT S DISCUSSION OF FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE for further information regarding the Obligated Group s financial performance. There can be no assurance that the Obligated Group s patient service revenues will not be adversely affected by any future amendments and revisions to the AHCCCS, Medi- Cal or the Medicaid programs in the states where the Obligated Group s assets are located. State Legislation and Regulation Arizona, California, Colorado and Wyoming do not currently have a Certificate of Need ( CON ) law. Nebraska and Nevada have CON laws, but no assurance can be made that such CON laws will remain in effect. The loss of CON protection in Nebraska and Nevada could have an adverse effect on the Obligated Group s operations in those states. Nonprofit corporations are subject to regulation under state nonprofit corporation codes and other state statutes. In addition, state attorneys general have periodically asserted oversight over the actions of nonprofit corporations, including matters of internal governance, business strategy and mergers and acquisitions. The legal rationale for the assertion of such oversight powers are varied, ranging from express statutory grants to common law fiduciary and charitable constructive trust theories. In addition, state attorneys general have asserted arguments that nonprofit multi-state hospital systems hold their assets in trust for their local communities and that parent nonprofit corporations owe fiduciary duties to wholly owned nonprofit subsidiary corporations, and therefore cannot freely move assets or funds within the system between facilities, communities or states in which the nonprofit corporations may operate. The development and exercise of such oversight powers could interfere with the ability of governing boards and management of nonprofit corporations to exercise independent business judgment, crosssubsidize operations in different locations, reallocate assets to meet the needs of the communities served by nonprofit corporations, or liquidate assets to satisfy creditors claims. Such restrictions have in the past impeded the ability of the Obligated Group to utilize proceeds from divestitures of certain facilities. Colorado and California have adopted legislation confirming their Attorney Generals authority over the transfer of nonprofit hospital assets. So long as such legislation remains in effect, it may significantly restrict the ability of the Corporation to transfer or sell its assets in Colorado and California, including for the benefit of creditors. Regulation of the Health Care Industry General. The health care industry is highly dependent on a number of factors which may limit the ability of the Obligated Group and any future Members of the Obligated Group to meet their respective obligations under the Loan Agreement, the Master Indenture and the Series 2016A Obligation. Among other things, participants in the health care industry (such as the Obligated Group) are subject to significant regulatory requirements of federal, state and local governmental agencies and independent professional organizations and accrediting bodies, technological advances and changes in treatment modes, various competitive factors and changes in third-party reimbursement programs. Discussed below are certain of these factors that could have a significant effect on the future operations and financial condition of the Obligated Group. Conviction of health care-related crimes can result in either mandatory or permissive exclusion from participation in federal and certain state health care programs for various periods of time depending on the nature of such crimes. Under the Balanced Budget Act of 1997, those convicted of three health care-related crimes for which mandatory exclusion is the penalty will be permanently excluded from participation. Those convicted of two health care-related crimes for which mandatory exclusion is the penalty will be excluded for a minimum of ten years. The Secretary of HHS will be able to deny entry -36-

43 into Medicare or Medicaid or deny renewal to any provider or supplier convicted of any felony that the Secretary deems to be inconsistent with the best interests of the program s beneficiaries. Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act. The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996, as amended ( HIPAA ) prohibits: (i) the practice or pattern of presenting a claim for an item or service on a reimbursement code that the person knows or should know will result in greater payment than appropriate, i.e., upcoding; and (ii) engaging in a practice of submitting claims for payment for medically unnecessary services. Violation of such prohibited practices due to civil neglect could amount to civil monetary penalties ranging from $50,000 to $1.5 million for all identical violations in a calendar year and/or imprisonment. Management of the Obligated Group is not aware of any alleged violations of the prohibited practices provisions of HIPAA that could reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the Obligated Group. HIPAA also includes administrative simplification provisions intended to facilitate the processing of health care payments by encouraging the electronic exchange of information and the use of standardized formats for health care information. Congress recognized, however, that standardization of information formats and greater use of electronic technology presents additional privacy and security risks due to the increased likelihood that databases of personally identifiable health care information will be created and the ease with which vast amounts of such data can be transmitted. Therefore, HIPAA requires the establishment of distinct privacy and security protections for individually identifiable health information ( Protected Health Information or PHI ). HHS promulgated privacy regulations under HIPAA (the Privacy Rule ) that protect the privacy of PHI maintained by health care providers (including hospitals), health plans, and health care clearinghouses (collectively, Covered Entities ) and provides individuals with certain rights regarding their PHI (including, for example, access to PHI, amending PHI, and receiving an accounting of disclosures of PHI). Security regulations also have been promulgated under HIPAA (the Security Rule ). The Security Rule requires Covered Entities to have certain administrative, technical, and physical safeguards in place to ensure the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of all electronic PHI they create, receive, maintain, or transmit. Additionally, HHS promulgated regulations to standardize the electronic transfer of information pursuant to certain enumerated transactions (the Transactions and Code Sets Rule ). On September 29, 2015, the Office of Inspector General ( OIG ) released two reports that reviewed the Office of Civil Rights ( OCR ) enforcement of HIPAA. The first report (the Privacy Report ) suggests that OCR strengthen its oversight of covered entities compliance with the Privacy Rule. The second report (the Breach Enforcement Report ) suggests that OCR strengthen its follow-up of reported HIPAA breaches. In response to the reports, there has been a dramatic increase in the number of HIPAA enforcement actions and settlements, and OCR announced plans to conduct random audits of covered entities and business associates beginning in On February 17, 2009, President Obama signed into law the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act (the HITECH Act ), which is part of ARRA. The HITECH Act significantly changed the landscape of federal privacy and security law with regard to PHI. The HITECH Act (i) extended the reach of HIPAA, certain provisions of the Privacy Rule, and the Security Rule, (ii) imposed a breach notification requirement on Covered Entities and their business associates, (iii) limited certain uses and disclosures of PHI, (iv) increased individuals rights with respect to PHI, and (v) increased enforcement of, and penalties for, violations of privacy and security of PHI. Many of the HITECH Act s provisions became effective on February 17, Implementing regulations became effective on or before March 26, 2013, with a rolling implementation process for business associate agreement compliance. -37-

44 The HITECH Act also created a federal breach notification law that mirrors protections that many states have passed in recent years. The breach notification obligation may expose Covered Entities, such as hospitals, to heightened liability. Under HITECH, notification to patients of any unauthorized access, acquisition, or disclosure of their unsecured PHI is required unless it is demonstrated that there is a low probability that the PHI was not compromised based on a four-factor test. In addition, all breaches must be reported to the Secretary of HHS. If more than 500 individuals are affected by the breach (i) the Covered Entity must also notify the media and (ii) the federal government posts a description of the breach on its website. In addition, the Obligated Group s facilities remain subject to any state laws that relate to the reporting of data breaches that are more restrictive than the regulations issued under HIPAA and the requirements of the HITECH Act. Any violation of HIPAA, the HITECH Act, or the regulations promulgated under either is subject to HIPAA civil and criminal penalties that include monetary penalties and/or imprisonment. Significantly, the HITECH Act created a tiered approach to the imposition of civil monetary penalties ( CMP ) for violations of HIPAA, the HITECH Act, and the regulations promulgated under each that became effective immediately upon President Obama signing the HITECH Act into law on February 17, The new tiered approach provides for penalties ranging from a minimum of $100 per violation for an unknowing violation to $1,000 per violation for a violation due to reasonable cause, but not willful neglect. For a violation due to willful neglect, the penalty is a minimum of $10,000 or $50,000 per violation, depending on whether the violation was corrected within 30 days of the date the violator knew or should have known of the violation. Maximum penalties may reach up to $1.5 million for identical violations. See LITIGATION AND INVESTIGATIONS June 2016 Cyber Attack and Resulting Class Actions in APPENDIX A hereto for additional information. Federal Fraud and Abuse Laws and Regulations. The Federal Medicare/Medicaid Anti- Fraud and Abuse Amendments to the Social Security Act (the Anti-Kickback Law ) make it a felony offense to knowingly and willfully offer, pay, solicit or receive remuneration in order to induce business for which reimbursement is provided under the Medicare or Medicaid programs. In addition to criminal penalties, including fines of up to $25,000 and five years imprisonment, violations of the Anti-Kickback Law can lead to CMP of $50,000 per violation and an assessment of not more than three times the total amount of remuneration involved, and may lead to exclusion from Medicare, Medicaid and certain other state and federal health care programs. The IRS has taken the position that hospitals in violation of the Anti-Kickback Law may also be subject to revocation of their tax-exempt status. The scope of prohibited payments in the Anti-Kickback Law is broad and includes economic arrangements involving hospitals, physicians and other health care providers, including joint ventures, space and equipment rentals, purchases of physician practices and management and personal services contracts. HHS has published regulations which describe certain safe harbor arrangements that will not be deemed to constitute violations of the Anti-Kickback Law. The safe harbors described in the regulations are narrow and do not cover a wide range of economic relationships which many hospitals, physicians and other health care providers consider to be legitimate business arrangements not prohibited by the statute. Because the regulations describe safe harbors and do not purport to describe comprehensively all lawful or unlawful economic arrangements or other relationships between health care providers and referral sources, hospitals and other health care providers having these arrangements or relationships may be required to alter them in order to ensure compliance with the Anti-Kickback Law. Management of the Obligated Group has and is taking steps it believes are reasonable to ensure that its contracts with physicians and other referral sources are in material compliance with the Anti- Kickback Law. However, in light of the narrowness of the safe harbor regulations and the scarcity of case law interpreting the Anti-Kickback Law, there can be no assurances that the Obligated Group will not be -38-

45 found to have violated the Anti-Kickback Law, and if so, whether any sanction imposed would have a material adverse effect on the operations of the Obligated Group. The Federal False Claims Act. The government may use the Federal False Claims Act to prosecute Medicare and other government program fraud in areas such as coding errors, billing for services not provided and submitting false cost reports. When a defendant is determined by a court of law to be liable under the Federal False Claims Act, the defendant may be required to pay three times the actual damages sustained by the government, plus civil penalties of between $5,500 and $11,000 for each separate false claim. Effective August 1, 2016, these penalties increased from $10,781 to $21,563 per claim for amounts assessed after August 1, 2016 whose violations occurred after November 2, Liability under the Federal False Claims Act arises when an entity knowingly submits or presents a false, fictitious or fraudulent claim for reimbursement to the federal government. Knowingly is defined to include reckless disregard. The Federal False Claims Act provides that an individual may bring a civil action for a violation of the Federal False Claims Act on behalf of the government alleging that the defendant has defrauded the federal government. These actions are referred to as qui tam actions or whistleblower suits. If the federal government intervenes and proceeds with an action brought by an individual, then that individual could receive as much as 25% of any money recovered plus legal fees. Even if the federal government does not intervene and proceed with an action, the individual could still proceed and receive up to a 30% portion of any money recovered plus legal fees. These qui tam actions have played and will continue to play a significant role in enforcement under the Federal False Claims Act. The Corporation has been a defendant in various qui tam actions in prior years, some of which have resulted in substantial settlements. Under the Affordable Care Act, the Federal False Claims Act has been expanded to include overpayments that are discovered by a health care provider and are not promptly refunded to the applicable federal health care program, even if the claims relating to the overpayment were initially submitted without any knowledge that they were false. The final rule which took effect on March 14, 2016 requires that providers report and return identified overpayments by the later of 60 days after identification, or the date the corresponding cost report is due, if applicable. If the overpayment is not so reported and returned, it becomes an obligation under the Federal False Claims Act. This expansion of the Federal False Claims Act exposes hospitals and other health care providers to liability under the Federal False Claims Act for a considerably broader range of claims than in the past. There was initially great uncertainty in the industry as to when an overpayment is technically identified and the ability of a provider to determine the total amount of an overpayment and satisfy its repayment obligation within the required time period. The March 14, 2016 final rule clarified that an overpayment is considered to have been identified when the person has or should have, through the exercise of reasonable diligence, determined that the person has received an overpayment and quantified the amount of the overpayment. That final rule also established a six year lookback period, meaning overpayments must be reported and returned only if a person identifies the overpayment within six years of the date the overpayment was received. Restrictions on Referrals. The federal physician self-referral law and its implementing regulations (commonly referred to as the Stark Law ) prohibits a physician from referring patients to an entity for the furnishing of designated health services ( DHS ) covered by Medicare if the physician (or one of his immediate family members) has a financial relationship with the entity, unless an exception applies. DHS includes: clinical laboratory services; physical therapy services; occupational therapy services; radiology services, including magnetic resonance imaging, computerized axial tomography scans and ultrasound services; radiation therapy services and supplies; durable medical equipment and supplies; parenteral and enteral nutrients, equipment and supplies; prosthetics, orthotics and prosthetic -39-

46 devices and supplies; home health services; outpatient prescription drugs; and inpatient and outpatient hospital services. The Stark Law also prohibits the furnishing entity from submitting a claim for reimbursement or otherwise billing Medicare or any other person or entity for improperly referred DHS. An entity that submits a claim for reimbursement for a referral by a physician with whom the entity has a financial relationship in violation of the Stark Law must refund any amounts collected for the services performed pursuant to the referral and may be (1) subject to a civil penalty of up to $15,000 for each prohibited self-referred service and (2) excluded from participation in federal health care programs. In addition, a physician or entity that has participated in a scheme to circumvent the operation of the Stark Law is subject to a civil penalty of up to $100,000 and possible exclusion from participation in federal health care programs. CMS, the federal agency with primary responsibility for enforcement of the Stark Law has, over the years, published a number of regulations interpreting the Stark Law. CMS, on September 23, 2010, published a self-referral disclosure protocol ( SRDP ) pursuant to Section 6409(a) of the Affordable Care Act under which hospitals and other entities may report Stark Law violations. The SRDP sets forth a process to enable providers of services and suppliers to self-disclose actual or potential violations of the Stark Law. Additionally, Section 6409(b) of the Affordable Care Act gives the Secretary of HHS the authority to reduce the amount due and owing for violations under the Stark Law. The limited publicly available information with respect to the self-disclosure program suggests that most voluntary selfdisclosure submissions remain under consideration by CMS for an extended period of time, and that it is difficult to predict how CMS will react to any specific voluntary self-disclosure. The provisions of the Stark Law are broad and complex. Management of the Obligated Group has identified circumstances and transactions which may have constituted violations of the technical provisions of the Stark Law, and disclosed these provisions in self-disclosures filed under the SRDP. Since its initial submittal, CMS has not yet responded substantively to the self-disclosure. See LITIGATION AND INVESTIGATIONS in APPENDIX A for a description of these Stark Law selfdisclosures. Management of the Obligated Group believes that the Obligated Group is currently in compliance with the Stark Law provisions and the policies and procedures have been implemented to prevent future potential violations. However, while management of the Obligated Group believes that it has adequately provided for the likely outcome of the pending self-disclosures under the SRDP, there can be no assurances that the Obligated Group will not be found to have violated the Stark Law provisions in the future, and whether any sanction imposed with respect to the pending self-disclosures under the SRDP or with respect to any future possible violations would have a material adverse effect on the operations of the Obligated Group or the financial condition of the Obligated Group. Claims submitted by hospitals for services provided pursuant to referrals from physicians with whom the hospital has a financial relationship that violates the Stark Law are considered to be false claims and, therefore, violations of the Stark Law will also expose a hospital to potential liability under the Federal False Claims Act. The enforcement of the Stark Law through the Federal False Claims Act, particularly through qui tam lawsuits, has resulted in a number of extremely large judgments and settlements in recent years, including a $237 million Federal False Claims Act judgment against Tuomey Healthcare System, affirmed by the U.S. 4th Circuit Court of Appeals in July Many of these judgments and settlements, including the judgment against Tuomey Healthcare System, have involved compensation arrangements between hospitals and their employed physicians, including allegations that incentive compensation based on a physician s personal productivity constitutes a potential violation of the Stark Law if the employed physician performs those services in the employer s hospital, and that losses incurred by hospitals on employed physicians render the employment relationship commercially unreasonable and therefore a violation of the Stark Law. While the Corporation believes that the compensation arrangements between its subsidiary medical groups and their employed physicians are -40-

47 fully compliant with the Stark Law, notwithstanding losses incurred by subsidiary medical groups, there can be no assurance that such arrangements will not be subject to future challenge under the Federal False Claims Act. Compliance/Investigations. Medicare requires that extensive financial information be reported on a periodic basis and in a specific format or content. These requirements are numerous, technical and complex and may not be fully understood or implemented by billing or reporting personnel. With respect to certain types of required information, the False Claims Act and the Social Security Act may be violated by mere recklessness in the submission of information to the government even without any intent to defraud. New billing systems, new medical procedures and procedures for which there is no clear guidance from CMS may all result in liability. The penalties for violation include criminal or civil liability and may include, for serious or repeated violations, exclusion from participation in the Medicare program. HHS, through the Office of Inspector General ( OIG ), conducts national investigations of Medicare billings for certain services. The focus of these investigations varies annually according to the OIG Workplan. The OIG and the U.S. Department of Justice also conduct local investigations, often prompted by specific complaints. Banner is currently the target of one such investigation. See LITIGATION AND INVESTIGATIONS in APPENDIX A for additional information on this investigation. Both federal and state government agencies have increased their investigative and enforcement initiatives. Such initiatives relate to a wide-range of health care operations including billing practices, arrangements between providers and physicians, outliers and cost reports. Patient Transfers. In response to concerns regarding inappropriate hospital transfers of emergency patients based on the patient s inability to pay for the services provided, Congress has enacted the Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act ( EMTALA ). Among other things, EMTALA imposes certain requirements which must be met before transferring a patient to another facility, including conducting a medical screening examination of all patients that present on hospital property and request examination and treatment for an emergency medical condition, or have a request made on his or her behalf. While failure to comply with EMTALA can result in exclusion from the Medicare and/or Medicaid programs as well as imposition of civil and criminal penalties, noncompliance with the requirements of EMTALA, specifically the treatment of uninsured patients, could also adversely affect the financial condition of the Obligated Group. Accreditation. The Obligated Group and its operations are subject to regulation and certification by various federal, state and local government agencies and by certain nongovernmental agencies such as The Joint Commission. No assurance can be given as to the effect on future operations of the Obligated Group of existing laws, regulations and standards for certification or accreditation or of any future changes in such laws, regulations and standards. Section 340B Drug Pricing Program. Hospitals that participate (as covered entities ) in the prescription drug discount program established under Section 340B of the federal Public Health Service Act (the 340B Program ) are able to purchase certain outpatient prescription drugs for their patients at a reduced cost. On August 28, 2015 the Health Resources and Services Administration published proposed 340B Drug Pricing Program Omnibus Guidance in the Federal Register, 80 Fed. Reg ( Proposed Guidance ). If adopted in its current form, the Proposed Guidance could restrict the ability of hospitals to purchase drugs under the 340B Program. The Members of the Obligated Group participate in the 340B Program and such restrictions could potentially have an adverse effect on those Members of the Obligated Group. -41-

48 In addition, during the course of due diligence prior to the merger of UAHN into Banner on February 28, 2015, potential issues were identified with respect to the federal 340B Drug Discount Pricing Program. See LITIGATION AND INVESTIGATIONS UAHN 340B Self-Disclosure in APPENDIX A for additional information. International Classification of Disease, 10th Revision Coding System. In 2009, CMS published the final rule for adopting the International Classification of Disease, 10th Revision coding system ( ICD-10 ), which required health care organizations to implement ICD-10 by October 1, The clinical systems of the Obligated Group transitioned to ICD-10 by the required date. ICD-10 provides a common approach to the classification of diseases and other health problems, allowing the United States to align with other nations to better share medical information, diagnosis and treatment codes. Staff was retrained, processes redesigned, and computer applications modified to accommodate the dramatic increase in current available codes and digit size. The Obligated Group has mitigated any revenue stream disruption and cash flow pressure associated with the implementation of ICD-10, despite the magnitude of the transition within the industry. Health care organizations are dependent on outside software, products and services developed by vendors, clearinghouses and third party billing services to allow timely, full and successful implementation of ICD-10. Additionally, health care organizations are dependent upon the ability of Medicare, Medicaid and other payers to process and pay claims under ICD- 10. Environmental Laws and Regulations. Health care providers are subject to a wide variety of federal, state and local environmental and occupational health and safety laws and regulations which address, among other things, hospital operations, facilities and properties owned or operated by hospitals. Among the type of regulatory requirements faced by hospitals are (i) air and water quality control requirements, (ii) waste management requirements, (iii) specific regulatory requirements applicable to asbestos, polychlorinated biphenyls and radioactive substances, as well as toxic substances, insecticides, fungicides, rodenticides and antimicrobials, (iv) requirements for providing notice to employees and members of the public about hazardous materials handled by or located at the hospital, (v) requirements for training employees in the proper handling and management of hazardous materials and wastes, and (vi) other requirements. In their role as the owner and operator of properties or facilities, the Members of the Obligated Group may be subject to liability for investigating and remedying any hazardous substances that may have migrated off of its property. Typical hospital operations include, but are not limited to, in various combinations, the handling, use, storage, transportation, disposal and discharge of hazardous, infectious, toxic, radioactive, flammable and other hazardous materials, wastes, pollutants or contaminants. As such, hospital operations are particularly susceptible to the practical, financial and legal risks associated with compliance with such laws and regulations. Such risks may (i) result in damage to individuals, property or the environment, (ii) interrupt operations and increase their cost, (iii) result in legal liability, damages, injunctions or fines, and (iv) result in investigations, administrative proceedings, penalties or other governmental agency actions. There is no assurance that the Obligated Group will not encounter such risks in the future, and such risks may result in material adverse consequences to the operations or financial condition of the Obligated Group. At the present time, management of the Obligated Group is not aware of any pending or threatened claim, investigation or enforcement action regarding such environmental issues which, if determined adversely to the Obligated Group, would have a material adverse effect on the Obligated Group s operations or financial condition. -42-

49 Managed Care and Integrated Delivery Systems The Obligated Group has entered into contractual arrangements with PPOs, HMOs, and other similar MCOs, pursuant to which it agrees to provide or arrange to provide certain health care services for these organizations eligible enrollees. Most of these arrangements provide for the Obligated Group to be paid on a fixed case rate for an episode of care, irrespective of the costs of the services provided. In addition, the Obligated Group, either directly or through Banner Health Network, is entering into arrangements pursuant to which the Obligated Group is paid on a percent-of-premium, capitation, shared savings, bundled payment, or other risk-based mechanism, including payment contingent upon achieving certain clinical quality metrics. While management of the Corporation enters into such agreements based upon the expectation that it can provide care for the population covered by the contract for less than the contract revenue and that it can achieve the clinical quality metrics, revenues received under such contracts may not be sufficient to cover all costs of services provided. Failure of the revenues received under such contracts to cover all costs of services provided may have a material adverse effect on the operations or financial condition of the Obligated Group. State Laws. States are increasingly regulating the delivery of health care services. Much of this increased regulation has centered around the managed care industry. State legislatures have cited their right and obligation to regulate and oversee health care insurance and have enacted sweeping measures that aim to protect consumers and, in some cases, providers. For example, a number of states have enacted laws mandating a minimum of 48-hour hospital stays for women after delivery; laws prohibiting gag clauses (contract provisions which prohibit providers from discussing various issues with their patients); laws defining emergencies, which provide that a health care plan may not deny coverage for an emergency room visit if a lay person would perceive the situation as an emergency; and laws requiring direct access to obstetrician-gynecologists without the requirement of a referral from a primary care physician. Due to this increased state oversight, the Obligated Group could be subject to a variety of state health care laws and regulations, affecting both MCOs and health care providers. In addition, the Obligated Group could be subject to state laws and regulations prohibiting, restricting, or otherwise governing PPOs, third-party administrators, physician-hospital organizations, independent practice associations or other intermediaries; fee-splitting; the corporate practice of medicine ; selective contracting ( any willing provider laws and freedom of choice laws); coinsurance and deductible amounts; insurance agency and brokerage; quality assurance, utilization review, and credentialing activities; provider and patient grievances; mandated benefits; rate increases; and many other areas. In the event that the Obligated Group chooses to transact businesses subject to such laws, or is considered by a state in which it operates to be engaging in such businesses, the Obligated Group may be required to comply with these laws or to seek the appropriate license or other authorization from that state. Such requirements may impose operational, financial, and legal burdens, costs or risks on the Obligated Group. Dependence Upon Third-Party Payors. The Obligated Group s ability to develop and expand its services and, therefore, its profitability, is dependent upon the Obligated Group s ability to enter into contracts with MCOs, PPOs, HMOs and other third-party payors at competitive rates. There can be no assurance that the Obligated Group will be able to attract and maintain third-party payors in the future, and where it does, no assurance that it will be able to contract with such payors on advantageous terms. The inability of the Obligated Group to contract with a sufficient number of such payors on advantageous terms would have a material adverse effect on the Obligated Group s operations and financial results. Further, while the Obligated Group employs a variety of techniques to control health care service -43-

50 utilization and increase quality, the Obligated Group cannot predict changes in utilization patterns or the system s effect on health care providers. Termination of Managed Care Contracts. The Obligated Group s 2015 payor contracts with three managed care organizations and their affiliates collectively accounted for more than approximately 73% of the commercial revenue of such Obligated Group. Some of these contracts can be terminated by mutual agreement of the parties or by either party at any time after an initial period without the necessity of showing cause upon as little as 90 days prior written notice. Termination of such contracts could have an adverse effect on the financial performance of these hospitals. See APPENDIX A MANAGED CARE for a discussion of the Obligated Group s managed care contracts. Physician Contracting and Relations. The Obligated Group contracts with physician organizations ( POs ) (e.g., independent physician associations, physician-hospital organizations, etc.) to arrange for the provision of physician and ancillary services in conjunction with the Obligated Group s provision of hospital and facility services. Because POs are separate legal entities with their own goals, obligations to shareholders, financial status, and personnel, there are risks involved in contracting with the POs. The success of the Obligated Group will be partially dependent upon its ability to attract physicians to join the POs, and upon the physicians abilities to perform their obligations and deliver high quality patient care in a cost-effective manner. The Obligated Group can also attract physicians through employment. As of June 30, 2016, the Obligated Group employed, through subsidiaries, approximately 1350 practicing physicians (excluding medical directors and residents). There can be no assurance that the Obligated Group will be able to attract and retain the requisite number of physicians, or that such physicians will deliver high quality health care services. See BONDHOLDERS RISKS - Nursing, Technician and Specialty Physician Shortage herein. Hospital Star Ratings On July 27, 2016, CMS published its overall hospital quality star ratings. The ratings are a composite metric consisting of one to five stars (five being the best) and intended to convey the overall quality of nearly 4,000 hospitals in the U.S. Rating posted to the CMS website, Hospital Compare. Each rating summarizes up to 64 quality measures reflecting common conditions that hospitals treat, such as heart attacks and pneumonia. Along with the overall rating, Hospital Compare includes information on other aspects of quality, such as rates of infection and complications and patients experiences. The overall rating shows how well each hospital performed, on average, compared to other hospitals in the U.S. CMS maintains its star ratings will provide consumers an important tool for comparing hospitals both locally and nationwide. The Obligated Group had one hospital with a 5 star rating (Banner Heart Hospital), seven with a 4 star rating, 14 with a 3 star rating and 4 with a 2 star rating, including B UMCT and B UMCS. The Corporation s management is unable to determine at this time what impact such ratings may have on utilization rates and the overall financial condition of the Obligated Group. Antitrust Enforcement of the antitrust laws against health care providers is becoming more common, and antitrust liability may arise in a wide variety of circumstances, including medical staff privilege disputes, third-party contracting, physician relations, and joint venture, merger, affiliation and acquisition activities. In some respects, the application of federal and state antitrust laws to health care is still evolving, and enforcement activity by federal and state agencies appears to be increasing. At various times, health care providers may be subject to an investigation by a governmental agency charged with -44-

51 the enforcement of antitrust laws, or may be subject to administrative or judicial action by a federal or state agency or a private party. Violation of the antitrust laws could be subject to criminal and civil enforcement by federal and state agencies, as well as by private litigants. Antitrust laws have significantly limited the ability of the Obligated Group to consummate mergers, acquisitions or affiliations in the Phoenix metropolitan area, and the Obligated Group s ability to consummate such transactions elsewhere may also be impaired by the antitrust laws. Liability in any of these or other antitrust areas of liability may be substantial, depending on the facts and circumstances of each case. Cybersecurity Healthcare providers and insurers are highly dependent upon integrated electronic medical record and other information technology systems to deliver high quality, coordinated and cost-effective healthcare. These systems necessarily hold large quantities of highly sensitive protected health information that is highly valued on the black market for such information. As a result, the electronic systems and networks of healthcare providers and insurance are considered likely targets for cyberattacks and other potential breaches of their systems. In addition to regulatory fines and penalties, the healthcare entities subject to the breaches may be liable for the costs of remediating the breaches, damages to individuals (or classes) whose information has been breached, reputational damage and business loss, and damage to the information technology infrastructure. In June 2016, Banner experienced a cyber attack on certain of its systems. See LITIGATION AND INVESTIGATIONS June 2016 Cyber Attack and Resulting Class Actions in APPENDIX A hereto for additional information. The Obligated Group has taken, and continues to take measures to protect its information technology system against such cyber attacks. Despite the implementation of network security measures by the Obligated Group, its information technology systems may be vulnerable to breaches, ransom malware, hacker attacks, computer viruses, physical or electronic break-ins and other similar events or issues. Such events or issues could lead to the inadvertent disclosure of PHI or other confidential information, could have an adverse effect on the ability of the Obligated Group to provide health care services, or could result in government civil, criminal or monetary penalties. There can be no assurance that the Obligated Group will not experience additional breaches. The financial consequences of any breach could have a materially adverse impact on the Obligated Group. Construction Risks The Corporation currently has construction projects underway and major projects are planned. See RECENTLY COMPLETED, CURRENT AND PLANNED TRANSACTIONS AND PROJECTS in APPENDIX A hereto. Construction of these projects are subject to the typical risks associated with construction projects, including, but not limited to, delays in issuance of required building permits or other necessary approvals or permits, strikes, shortages of materials and adverse weather conditions. Such events could result in delaying completion of these projects and thus the revenue flow therefrom. The costs of the ongoing and future projects may be increased by reason of changes authorized by the Corporation, delays due to acts or neglect of the Corporation or by independent contractors employed by the Corporation or by labor disputes, fires, unusual delay in transportation, adverse conditions not reasonably anticipated, unavoidable casualties or any causes beyond the control of the contractors. Issues Related to the Health Care Markets of the Obligated Group Affiliation, Merger, Acquisition and Divestiture. Significant numbers of affiliations, mergers, acquisitions and divestitures have occurred in the health care industry in recent years, and the Corporation has undertaken a variety of such transactions. As part of its ongoing planning process, the Obligated -45-

52 Group considers potential affiliations and acquisitions of operations or properties which may become affiliated with or become part of the Obligated Group in the future, and also considers the divestiture of certain of its operations or properties. As a result, it is possible that certain newly acquired or affiliated organizations and their assets and liabilities may be added to the Obligated Group, or certain existing facilities may no longer be part of the Obligated Group, although the Obligated Group may continue to be responsible for any remaining liabilities attributable to the divested facilities, as any consideration received for the divested property could be insufficient to pay any related liabilities. See the caption SECURITY FOR THE SERIES 2016A BONDS Possible Substitution of the Series 2016A Obligation herein. Possible Increased Competition. The Obligated Group faces increased competition in the future from other hospitals, from skilled nursing facilities and from other forms of health care delivery that offer health care services to the populations which the Obligated Group currently serves. This could include the construction of new or the renovation of existing hospitals and skilled nursing facilities, health maintenance organization facilities, ambulatory surgery centers, free standing emergency facilities, private laboratory and radiological services, home care, intermediate nursing home care, preventive care and drug and alcohol abuse programs. Specifically, the emergence of groups of physician-investors could erode premium medical services from the Obligated Group, and such physician-investor groups could also recruit physicians and staff from the Obligated Group s hospitals. There is no CON requirement in Arizona, California, Colorado or Wyoming to provide a barrier to entry for competitors. In addition, competition is intensifying from forms of health care delivery, particularly ambulatory care facilities, that are able to offer lower priced and more convenient services to the population served by the Obligated Group. These services are being substituted for some of the revenue generating services currently offered by the Obligated Group, especially by consumers who, as the result of high deductible health plans, are increasingly sensitive to cost. The services that could serve as substitutes for hospital treatment include skilled and specialized nursing facilities, diagnostics, home care, intermediate nursing home care, preventive care and drug and alcohol abuse programs. Competition may also come from specialty hospitals or organizations, particularly those facilities providing specialized services in areas with high visibility and strong margins, such as cardiac services and surgical services, and having specialty physicians as investors. Competition may also come from technologies that can reduce the necessity for facility-based services, and enable healthcare services to be provided in patients homes by remote technology. Nonprofit Healthcare Environment The Corporation is a nonprofit corporation, exempt from federal income taxation as an organization described in Section 501(c)(3) of the Code. As a nonprofit tax-exempt organization, the Corporation is subject to federal, state and local laws, regulations, rulings and court decisions relating to its organizations and operations, including its operation for charitable purposes. At the same time, the Corporation conducts large-scale complex business transactions and the Corporation s hospitals are major employers in their geographic areas. There can often be a tension between the rules designed to regulate a wide range of charitable organizations and the day-to-day operations of a complex healthcare organization. The Corporation is the sole member of each of B UMCT, LLC and B UMCS, LLC and as a result each of B UMCT, LLC and B UMCS, LLC is treated as an entity disregarded as separate from the Corporation for income tax purposes. Recently, an increasing number of the operations or practices of healthcare providers have been challenged or questioned to determine if they are consistent with the regulatory requirements for -46-

53 nonprofit tax-exempt organizations, and in particular whether such organizations are providing sufficient community benefit to justify their continuing tax-exemption. These challenges are broader than concerns about compliance with federal and state statutes and regulations, such as Medicare and Medicaid compliance, and instead in many cases are examinations of core business practices of the healthcare organizations. Areas which have come under examination have included pricing practices, billing and collection practices, charitable care, community benefit, executive compensation, exemption of property from real property taxation, and others. These challenges and questions have come from a variety of sources, including state attorneys general, the Internal Revenue Service (the IRS ), local and state tax authorities, labor unions, Congress, state legislatures, and patients, and in a variety of forums, including hearings, audits and litigation. These challenges or examinations include the following, among others: Congressional Hearings. A number of House and Senate Committees, including the House Committee on Energy and Commerce, the House Committee on Ways and Means and the Senate Finance Committee, have conducted hearings and/or investigations into issues related to nonprofit tax-exempt health care organizations. These hearings and investigations have included a nationwide investigation of hospital billing and collection practices, charity care and community benefit and prices charged to uninsured patients and possible reforms to the nonprofit sector. These hearings and investigations may result in new legislation. The effect of any such legislation, if enacted, on either the nonprofit health care sector or the Obligated Group cannot be determined at this time. Challenges to Real Property Tax Exemptions. The real property tax exemptions afforded to certain nonprofit healthcare providers by certain state and local taxing authorities have been challenged on the grounds that the healthcare providers were not engaged in charitable activities. These challenges have been based on a variety of grounds, including allegations of aggressive billing and collection practices and excessive financial margins. While the Obligated Group is not aware of any current challenge to the tax exemption afforded to any of its material properties, there can be no assurance that these types of challenges will not occur in the future. Form 990 and Instructions. The IRS Form 990 is used by most 501(c)(3) nonprofit organizations exempt from federal income taxation to submit information required by the federal government. The Form 990 now requires detailed disclosure of compensation practices, corporate governance, loans to management and others, joint ventures and other types of transactions, political campaign activities, and other areas the IRS deems to be compliance risk areas. The Form 990 also requires the disclosure of information on community benefit as well as reporting of information related to tax-exempt bonds, including compliance with the arbitrage rules and rules limiting private-use of bondfinanced facilities, including compliance with the safe harbor guidance in connection with management contracts and research contracts. The Form 990 is intended to provide enhanced transparency as to the operations of exempt organizations. It is likely that the IRS and state attorneys general will use the detailed information to assist in its enhanced enforcement efforts. The foregoing are some examples of the challenges and examinations facing nonprofit healthcare organizations. They are indicative of a greater scrutiny of the executive compensation, billing, collection and other business practices of these organizations, and may indicate an increasingly more difficult operating environment for healthcare organizations, including the Obligated Group. The challenges and examinations, and any resulting legislation, regulations, judgments, or penalties, could have a material adverse effect on the Obligated Group. Risks Related to Tax-Exempt Status Tax Exemption for Nonprofit Hospitals. Loss of tax-exempt status, i.e., status as an organization described in Section 501(c)(3) of the Code, by the Corporation or by any user of property -47-

54 financed or refinanced with the proceeds of the Series 2016A Bonds could result in loss of tax exemption of the Series 2016A Bonds and of other tax-exempt debt issued therefor, and defaults in covenants regarding the Series 2016A Bonds and such other related tax-exempt debt would likely be triggered. Such loss of tax-exempt status by the Corporation could have material adverse consequences on the financial condition of the Obligated Group. Charity Care. Hospitals are permitted to acquire tax-exempt status under the Code because the provision of health care historically has been treated as a charitable enterprise. This treatment arose before most Americans had health insurance, when charitable donations were required to fund the health care provided to the sick and disabled. Some commentators and others have taken the position that, with the onset of employer health insurance and governmental reimbursement programs, there is no longer any justification for special tax treatment for the health care industry, and the availability for tax-exempt status should be eliminated. Management of the Obligated Group cannot predict the likelihood of such a dramatic change in the law. Federal and state tax authorities are demanding that tax-exempt hospitals justify their tax-exempt status by documenting their charitable care and other community benefits. Schedule H to the Form 990 asks whether the organization has a charity care policy and asks for a description of that policy. This schedule also requires an organization to report the community benefits that it provides, including the cost of providing charity care and other benefits. Since the reporting of this information on the Form 990 makes this information more readily available, it is possible that such reporting will lead to additional IRS compliance efforts. Charity care commitments of the Obligated Group could have a material adverse effect on the financial condition of the Obligated Group, taken as a whole. Code Section 501(r). The provisions of the Affordable Care Act provided for a new Code Section 501(r), which adds certain requirements that nonprofit hospital organizations must meet in order to attain or to maintain Code Section 501(c)(3) tax-exempt status. Among other things, a hospital must: (i) establish a written financial assistance policy ( FAP ) and a policy relating to emergency medical care meeting the requirements of Code Section 501(r)(4); (ii) limit the amounts charged for emergency or other medically necessary care provided to individuals eligible for assistance under the hospital s FAP to not more than the amounts generally billed to individuals who have insurance covering such care ( AGB ); and (iii) make reasonable efforts to determine whether an individual is FAP-eligible before engaging in extraordinary collection actions. The Corporation s management believes that the Obligated Group is currently in compliance with the requirements of Section 501(r). On December 31, 2014, the IRS released final regulations regarding the requirements of Section 501(r) applicable to tax-exempt hospital organizations. These regulations provided guidance regarding Section 501(r) s requirements for community health needs assessments, financial assistance policies, limitations on charges, and billing and collection policies, and clarify the consequences for failing to meet the various requirements thereunder. A failure to comply with the provisions of Section 501(r) and the final regulations could result in a loss of Section 501(c)(3) tax-exempt status. For further information regarding the Affordable Care Act, see BONDHOLDERS RISKS Affordable Care Act herein. Joint Ventures. The maintenance by an entity of its tax-exempt status depends, in part, upon its maintenance of its status as an organization described in Section 501(c)(3) of the Code. The maintenance of tax-exempt status is contingent upon compliance with general rules promulgated in the Code and related regulations regarding the organization and operation of tax-exempt entities, including its operation for charitable and educational purposes and its avoidance of transactions which may cause its assets to inure to the benefit of private individuals. The IRS has announced that it intends to closely scrutinize -48-

55 transactions between nonprofit hospitals and for-profit entities, and in particular has issued revised audit guidelines for tax-exempt hospitals. Although specific activities of hospitals, such as medical office building leases and compensation arrangements and other contracts with physicians, have been the subject of interpretations by the IRS in the form of Private Letter Rulings, many activities have not been addressed in any official opinion, interpretation or policy of the IRS. Because the Corporation conducts large-scale and diverse operations involving private parties, including joint ventures, there can be no assurance that certain of its transactions would not be challenged by the IRS which could adversely affect the tax-exempt status of the Corporation or its affiliates. The Corporation is and will be a participant in a variety of joint ventures and transactions with physicians and certain other entities for ambulatory and ancillary services, provider network and health management, and insurance operations. Management of the Corporation believes that the joint ventures and transactions to which the Corporation is and will be a party are consistent with the requirements of its tax-exempt status and that the income derived from such joint ventures has been reported correctly. Anti-Kickback Law. The IRS has taken the position that hospitals which are in violation of the Anti-Kickback Law may also be subject to revocation of their tax-exempt status. See the information herein under the caption BONDHOLDERS RISKS Regulation of the Health Care Industry Federal Fraud and Abuse Laws and Regulations. As a result, tax-exempt hospitals, such as those owned by the Obligated Group, which have, and will continue to have, extensive transactions with physicians are subject to an increased degree of scrutiny, and perhaps enforcement, by the IRS. Intermediate Sanctions. Section 4958 of the Code, and the regulations implementing this provision, provide the IRS with an intermediate tax enforcement tool that may be used as an alternative to revoking the federal tax exemption of an organization that violates the private inurement prohibition or otherwise engages in excess benefit transactions with certain types of related parties, including the payment of unreasonably high compensation to executive leadership. An excess benefit transaction is one in which a disqualified person or entity receives more than fair market value from the exempt organization or pays the exempt organization less than fair market value for property or services, or shares the net revenues of the tax-exempt entity. A disqualified person is a person (or an entity) who is in a position to exercise substantial influence over the affairs of the exempt organization during the five years preceding an excess benefit transaction. The statute imposes excise taxes on the disqualified person and any organization manager who knowingly participates in an excess benefit transaction. These rules do not penalize the exempt organization itself, so there would be no direct impact on the Corporation or the tax status of the Series 2016A Bonds if an excess benefit transaction were subject to IRS enforcement, pursuant to these intermediate sanctions rules. Tax-Exempt Status of the Series 2016A Bonds. The tax-exempt status of the Series 2016A Bonds is based on the continued compliance by the Issuer, the Corporation and any other users of property financed or refinanced with proceeds of the Series 2016A Bonds with certain covenants relating generally to restrictions on the use of the facilities financed or refinanced with the proceeds of the Series 2016A Bonds, arbitrage limitations and rebate of certain excess investment earnings to the federal government and status of users of the properties financed or refinanced with the proceeds of the Series 2016A Bonds as organizations described in Section 501(c)(3) of the Code. See Tax Exemption for Nonprofit Hospitals above. In the event that the Series 2016A Bonds become subject to federal income taxation retroactive to the date of issuance, such Series 2016A Bonds are not subject to redemption solely as a consequence thereof, although the principal thereof may be accelerated. No additional interest or penalty is payable in the event of the taxability of interest on any of the Series 2016A Bonds. -49-

56 In recent years, the IRS has increased the frequency and scope of its examination and other enforcement activity regarding tax-exempt organizations and tax-exempt bonds. Currently, the primary penalties available to the IRS under the Code are the revocation of tax-exempt status of an organization and a determination that interest on tax-exempt bonds is subject to federal income taxation. Although the IRS has not frequently revoked the 501(c)(3) tax-exempt status of nonprofit corporations, it could do so in the future. Loss of tax-exempt status by the Corporation or another user of property financed or refinanced with proceeds of the Series 2016A Bonds could potentially result in loss of the tax exemption of the interest on the Series 2016A Bonds, and defaults in covenants regarding the Series 2016A Bonds could be triggered. Loss of the Corporation s tax-exempt status could also result in substantial tax liabilities on income of the Obligated Group. In addition, although the IRS has only infrequently taxed the interest received by holders of bonds that were represented to be tax-exempt, the IRS has examined a number of bond issues and concluded that such bond issues did not comply with applicable provisions of the Code and related regulations. No assurance can be given that the IRS will not examine the purchaser, a Bondholder, any Member of the Obligated Group or the Series 2016A Bonds. If the Series 2016A Bonds are examined, it may have an adverse impact on their marketability and price. Based on the use of proceeds from the sale of the Series 2016A Bonds described herein and in APPENDIX A, and on the representations and warranties of the Obligated Group as to factual matters and the opinions of counsel to the Obligated Group, Bond Counsel will deliver its opinion in the form attached as APPENDIX D. See TAX MATTERS and LEGAL MATTERS herein. Markets for the Series 2016A Bonds Subject to prevailing market conditions, the Underwriters intend, but are not obligated, to make a market in the Series 2016A Bonds. Bond Ratings There is no assurance that the ratings assigned to the Series 2016A Bonds at the time of issuance will not be lowered or withdrawn at any time, the effect of which could adversely affect the market price for, and marketability of, the Series 2016A Bonds. See RATINGS herein. Labor Matters Nonprofit health care providers and their employees are under the jurisdiction of the National Labor Relations Board ( NLRB ). As of June 30, 2016, the Corporation had approximately 42,500 full time equivalent employees (including employees working for the Corporation s consolidated subsidiaries), none of whom are currently unionized. While management of the Obligated Group believes that its overall employee relations are good, and that a direct relationship between the Obligated Group and its employees is more beneficial for both the Obligated Group and the employees than a union relationship, unionization continues to be a concern of the Obligated Group. Unionization of employees could cause an increase in payroll costs. See EMPLOYEES in APPENDIX A. Nursing, Technician and Specialty Physician Shortage Recently the healthcare industry, including the Obligated Group, has experienced a shortage of experienced nurses, technicians, physicians in certain specialties and related staff, which has resulted in increased costs and lost revenues due to the need to hire agency nursing personnel at higher rates, to increased compensation levels, and to the inability to use otherwise available beds as a result of staffing -50-

57 shortages. The Obligated Group has incurred increased employment costs at certain of its facilities. See EMPLOYEES in APPENDIX A for more information on labor shortages of the Obligated Group. Arizona is experiencing a shortage of specialty and primary care physicians. This shortage has made it increasingly difficult for hospitals to provide continuous specialty on-call coverage for its emergency departments to meet its obligations under EMTALA. The Obligated Group currently has entered into arrangements to pay per diem stipends and payment to certain specialists for on-call and follow-up services. Certain specialists have in the past refused to take call altogether and may do so again in the future. Management of the Obligated Group has undertaken various strategies to address this challenge, including employing specialists to fill coverage gaps, increasing rates to the extent permissible under federal regulations, and arranging for the routing of patients between its hospitals to lessen the need to provide redundant specialist coverage at all facilities. The shortage of primary care physicians has challenged the ability of BHN, Banner Medical Group and Banner University Medical Group to create physician networks adequate to fully implement a population health strategy. It has also contributed to an over-utilization of the Obligated Group s emergency departments as the alternate source of care. Incurrence of Additional Indebtedness The Master Indenture does not contain any limitations on the amount of additional Indebtedness that may be incurred by any Member of the Obligated Group, nor does the Master Indenture require any Member of the Obligated Group to demonstrate compliance with any earnings, capitalization or other tests as a condition to the incurrence of additional Indebtedness. See CERTAIN PROVISIONS OF PRINCIPAL DOCUMENTS CERTAIN PROVISIONS OF THE MASTER INDENTURE in APPENDIX C. Risks Related to Joint Ventures While the income received from certain joint venture activities (described under the heading BANNER NON-OBLIGATED GROUP SUBSIDIARIES AND AFFILIATES Joint Ventures and Other Relationships in APPENDIX A) contributes significantly to the operating income of the Obligated Group, the underlying assets of those joint ventures or the Obligated Group s interest in those joint ventures may not be available as a source of payment for the Series 2016A Obligation, since under the governing documents of such joint ventures the Obligated Group may not be able to force such sale. In addition, the Obligated Group may not compel such joint ventures to contribute funds as necessary to make payments on the Series 2016A Obligation, because such joint ventures are not Members of the Obligated Group. However, while the income received from such joint ventures has contributed significantly to the operating income of the Obligated Group, the joint ventures do not significantly affect the historic debt service coverage of the Obligated Group because of the relatively small amount of depreciation and interest expense of the joint ventures as compared to the Obligated Group. See FINANCIAL INFORMATION Debt Service Coverage in APPENDIX A. Arizona Immigration Law Arizona Revised Statutes Section et seq, enacted in 2007 and amended in 2008, prohibits all employers from knowingly or intentionally employing after December 31, 2007, any person not authorized under federal law to work in the United States. If an employer is found to have intentionally employed an unauthorized alien, then all licenses necessary for the employer to operate at the location where the alien was employed are required to be suspended for a minimum of ten days. If the employer violates the statute by intentionally employing an unauthorized alien within five years after first being -51-

58 found to have intentionally employed an unauthorized alien, then all licenses necessary for the employer to operate at the location of the illegal employment must be permanently revoked. An employer can create a rebuttable presumption that it did not intentionally or knowingly employ an unauthorized alien if it verifies the individual s employment authorization through the federal E-Verify program. The Obligated Group has clear policies against employment of unauthorized aliens, and in addition to checking immigration documentation as already required by federal law, has initiated verification of employment status through the E-Verify program for all individuals employed since December 31, If, however, the Obligated Group were found to have knowingly or intentionally employed unauthorized aliens in violation of the statute, the consequences could have a material adverse effect on the Obligated Group. Arizona Conflict of Interest Law The provisions of Arizona Revised Statutes Section , as amended, provide that public agencies, including the Issuer, may, within three years after its execution, cancel any contract, without penalty or further obligation, made by the public agency if any person significantly involved in initiating, negotiating, securing, drafting or creating the contract on behalf of the public agency is, at any time while the contract or any extension thereof is in effect, an employee of any other party to the contract in any capacity or an agent or a consultant of any other party of the contract with respect to the subject matter thereof. The cancellation becomes effective when written notice from the governing body of the public agency is received by all other parties to the contract unless the notice specifies a later time. The Issuer is a party to several contracts which are material to the payment of the Series 2016A Bonds, including the Loan Agreement and the Bond Indenture. Exercise of a remedy under A.R.S. Section , as amended, would adversely affect the holders of the Series 2016A Bonds. Arizona Hospital Executive Compensation Act In February 2016, a committee (the Committee ) sponsored by the Service Employees International Union ( SEIU ) commenced the gathering of signatures for an initiative to restrict the total annual compensation and the total post-employment compensation paid to any executive of an Arizona hospital to the annual compensation and benefit allowance of the President of the United States, which is currently $450,000. In early July, the Committee submitted a sufficient number of signatures to have the initiative placed on the general election ballot in November Following brief litigation challenging the compliance of the Committee with the requirements under Arizona law for initiatives and the eligibility of a number of the paid signature gatherers, the Committee stipulated to remove the initiative from the November ballot. Although no similar initiative can be placed before the Arizona voters until the next general election in November 2018, it is possible that the Committee or another committee sponsored by the SEIU will attempt another initiative at that time, possibly in tandem with a union organizing campaign. While the full scope and reach of the compensation limitation proposed in the unsuccessful 2016 initiative are uncertain, if such an initiative were to be placed on a future ballot and be approved by the Arizona electorate, Banner s ability to recruit and retain skilled and experienced executive talent would be materially impaired. See GOVERNANCE AND MANAGEMENT - Management Succession Planning in APPENDIX A hereto for additional information. -52-

59 Other Risk Factors The following factors, among others, may also affect the future operations or financial performance of the Obligated Group: (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) (vi) Medical and other scientific advances resulting in decreased usage of hospital facilities or services, including those of the Obligated Group; Decreases in population within the service areas of the Obligated Group s hospitals; Increased unemployment or other adverse economic conditions which could reduce the demand for hospital facilities or services and could increase the proportion of patients who are unable to pay fully for the cost of such care; Imposition of wage and price controls for the health care industry, such as those that were imposed and adversely affected health care facilities in the early 1970s; The ability of, and the cost to, the Obligated Group to continue to insure or otherwise protect itself against malpractice claims in light of escalating increases in insurance premiums; The occurrence of epidemics, pandemics or natural or man-made disasters, including floods and earthquakes, or terrorist actions, that may damage the facilities of the Obligated Group or its affiliates, interrupt utility service to the facilities, or otherwise impair the operation and generation of revenues from said facilities. The occurrence of one or more of the foregoing, or the occurrence of other unanticipated events, could adversely affect the financial performance of the Obligated Group. Certain Matters Relating to Security for the Series 2016A Bonds See SECURITY FOR THE SERIES 2016A BONDS for a discussion of certain factors including the absence of certain covenants in the Master Indenture. The facilities of the Obligated Group are not pledged as security for the Series 2016A Bonds. The Obligated Group s facilities are not comprised of general purpose buildings and generally would not be suitable for industrial or commercial use and consequently, it could be difficult to find a buyer or lessee for such facilities. If it were necessary to proceed against such facilities, whether pursuant to a judgment, if any, against the Obligated Group or otherwise, upon any default which results in the acceleration of the Series 2016A Bonds, an amount may not be realized sufficient to pay in full the Obligations, including the Series 2016A Obligation, from the sale or lease of such facilities. Certain amendments to the Bond Indenture may be made without the consent of any holders of the outstanding Series 2016A Bonds and certain other amendments to the Bond Indenture may be made with the consent of the holders of not less than a majority of the principal amount of the outstanding Series 2016A Bonds. Certain amendments to the Master Indenture may be made with the consent of the holders of not less than a majority of the principal amount of Obligations Outstanding under the Master Indenture. Such amendments may adversely affect the security of the Bondholders. With respect to amendments to the Master Indenture, the holders of the requisite percentage of Outstanding Obligations may be composed wholly or partially of the holders of additional Obligations. Such amendments may adversely affect the security of the Bondholders. See APPENDIX C CERTAIN PROVISIONS OF -53-

60 PRINCIPAL DOCUMENTS CERTAIN PROVISIONS OF THE MASTER INDENTURE SUPPLEMENTS AND AMENDMENTS and CERTAIN PROVISIONS OF THE BOND INDENTURE MODIFICATIONS OR AMENDMENTS. Gross Revenues Pledge The Gross Revenues pledge may not be released without the consent of the holders of a majority in principal amount of the Series 2016A Bonds and subject to the requirements of any other Obligations outstanding under the Master Indenture. In addition, the effectiveness of the security interest in the Gross Revenues of the Members of the Obligated Group pursuant to the Master Indenture may be limited by a number of factors, including (i) the statutory and regulatory prohibitions against the assignment of receivables due any Member of the Obligated Group under the Medicare and Medicaid programs; (ii) the absence of an express provision permitting assignment of receivables under managed care and capitated risk contracts; (iii) certain judicial decisions that cast doubt upon the right of the Master Trustee, in the event of the bankruptcy of any Member of the Obligated Group, to collect and retain accounts receivable from Medicare, Medicaid, general assistance and other governmental programs; (iv) statutory liens; (v) rights arising in favor of the United States of America or any agency thereof; (vi) constructive trusts, equitable or other rights impressed or conferred by a federal or state court in the exercise of its equitable jurisdiction; (vii) federal bankruptcy laws which may affect the priority of claims against the assets of the Obligated Group and the enforceability of the Bond Indenture or the security interest in the Gross Revenues which are earned by any Member of the Obligated Group within 90 days preceding and after any effectual institution of bankruptcy proceedings by or against such Member, (viii) rights of third parties in the Obligated Group s revenues converted to cash and not in the possession of the Bond Trustee or the Master Trustee; and (ix) claims that might gain priority if appropriate financing or continuation statements are not filed in accordance with the Arizona Uniform Commercial Code as from time to time in effect. Matters Relating to Enforceability of the Master Indenture The obligations of the Obligated Group under the Series 2016A Obligation are limited to the same extent as the obligations of debtors typically are affected by bankruptcy, insolvency and the application of general principles of creditors rights and as additionally described below. The accounts of all Members of the Obligated Group and Obligated Group Affiliates will be combined for financial reporting purposes and will be used in determining whether the test relating to debt service coverage contained in the Master Indenture is met, notwithstanding the uncertainties as to the enforceability of certain obligations of the Members of the Obligated Group contained in the Master Indenture which bear on the availability of the assets and revenues of the Members of the Obligated Group for payment of debt service on Obligations, including the Series 2016A Obligation. The joint and several obligations described herein of Members of the Obligated Group to make payments of debt service on Obligations issued under the Master Indenture (including transfers in connection with voluntary dissolution or liquidation) and each Controlling Member s agreement that it will cause each of its Obligated Group Affiliates to pay, loan or otherwise transfer to the Obligated Group Representative such amounts as are necessary to enable the Members to comply with the provisions of the Master Indenture, including without limitation, the Members covenant to jointly and severally pay or cause to be paid promptly any payment required to be made by any Member pursuant to the Master Indenture or any Obligation (including the Series 2016A Obligation) may not be enforceable to the extent (1) enforceability may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, moratorium, reorganization or similar laws affecting the enforcement of creditors rights and by general equitable principles and (2) such payments (i) are requested to be made on any Obligations which are issued for a purpose which is not consistent with the charitable purposes of the Member of the Obligated Group from which such payments are -54-

61 requested or which are issued for the benefit of any entity other than a tax-exempt organization; (ii) are requested to be made from any moneys or assets which are donor restricted or which are subject to a direct or express trust which does not permit the use of such moneys or assets for such a payment; (iii) would result in the cessation or discontinuation of any material portion of the health care or related services previously provided by the Member of the Obligated Group from which such payment is requested; (iv) are requested to be made pursuant to any loan violating applicable usury laws; or (v) are requested to be made on any Obligations for any loan the proceeds of which were used to fund projects in other states or communities. A Member of the Obligated Group may not be required to make any payment to provide for the payment of any Obligation, or portion thereof, the proceeds of which were not loaned or otherwise disbursed to such Member of the Obligated Group to the extent that such transfer would render the Member of the Obligated Group insolvent or which would conflict with, not be permitted by or which is subject to recovery for the benefit of other creditors of such Member of the Obligated Group under applicable fraudulent conveyance, bankruptcy or moratorium laws. There is no clear precedent in the law as to whether such transfers from a Member of the Obligated Group in order to pay debt service on the Obligations may be voided by a trustee in bankruptcy in the event of bankruptcy of the Member of the Obligated Group, or by third-party creditors in an action brought pursuant to state fraudulent transfer or fraudulent conveyance statutes. Under the United States Bankruptcy Code, a trustee in bankruptcy and, under state fraudulent transfer or fraudulent conveyance statutes and common law, a creditor of a related guarantor, may avoid any obligation incurred by a related guarantor if, among other basis therefor, (1) the guarantor has not received fair consideration or reasonably equivalent value in exchange for the guaranty and (2) the guaranty renders the guarantor insolvent, as defined in the United States Bankruptcy Code or applicable state fraudulent transfer or fraudulent conveyance statutes, or the guarantor is undercapitalized. Application by courts of the tests of insolvency, reasonably equivalent value and fair consideration has resulted in a conflicting body of case law. It is possible that, in an action to force a Member of the Obligated Group to pay debt service on an Obligation for which it was not the direct beneficiary, a court might not enforce such a payment in the event it is determined that the Member of the Obligated Group is analogous to a guarantor of the debt of the Member of the Obligated Group who directly benefited from the borrowing and that sufficient consideration for the Member of the Obligated Group s guaranty was not received and that the incurrence of such obligation has rendered or will render the Member of the Obligated Group insolvent or the Member of the Obligated Group is or will thereby become undercapitalized. There exists, in addition to the foregoing, common law authority and authority under applicable state statutes pursuant to which the courts may terminate the existence of a nonprofit corporation or undertake supervision of its affairs on various grounds, including a finding that such corporation has insufficient assets to carry out its stated charitable purposes or has taken some action that renders it unable to carry out such purposes. Such court action may arise on the court s own motion pursuant to a petition of state attorneys general or such other persons who have interests different from those of the general public, pursuant to the common law and statutory power to enforce charitable trusts and to see to the application of their funds to their intended charitable uses. In addition, there exists the possibility that state courts could treat individual hospitals as separate legal entities, and that the foregoing risks relating to the enforceability of the Master Indenture could apply for the Obligated Group even though most of its hospitals are owned directly by the Corporation. Potential Effects of Bankruptcy If a Member of the Obligated Group were to file a petition for relief (or if a petition were filed against a Member of the Obligated Group) under the Federal Bankruptcy Code, the filing would operate -55-

62 as an automatic stay of the commencement or continuation of any judicial or other proceeding against such Member of the Obligated Group, and its property. If the bankruptcy court so ordered, such Member of the Obligated Group s property, including its accounts receivable and proceeds thereof, could be used for the benefit of such Member of the Obligated Group despite the claims of its creditors. In a bankruptcy proceeding, such Member of the Obligated Group could file a plan for the adjustment of its debts which modifies the rights of creditors generally, or the rights of any class of creditors, secured or unsecured. The plan, when confirmed by the court, would bind all creditors who had notice or knowledge of the plan and discharge all claims against the debtor provided for in the plan. No plan may be confirmed unless, among other conditions, the plan is in the best interests of creditors, is feasible and has been accepted by each class of claims impaired thereunder. Each class of claims has accepted the plan if at least two-thirds in dollar amount and more than one-half in number of the allowed claims of the class that are voted with respect to the plan are cast in its favor. Even if the plan is not so accepted, it may be confirmed if the court finds that the plan is fair and equitable with respect to each class of non-accepting creditors impaired thereunder and does not discriminate unfairly. The bankruptcy of an Obligated Group Affiliate will not trigger an event of default under the Master Indenture, the Loan Agreement or the Bond Indenture. See APPENDIX C CERTAIN PROVISIONS OF PRINCIPAL DOCUMENTS CERTAIN PROVISIONS OF THE MASTER INDENTURE DEFAULTS, CERTAIN PROVISIONS OF THE BOND INDENTURE EVENTS OF DEFAULT AND REMEDIES OF BONDHOLDERS and CERTAIN PROVISIONS OF THE LOAN AGREEMENT EVENTS OF DEFAULT AND REMEDIES. If an Obligated Group Affiliate has no contractual obligation to make payment to the Obligated Group or the Master Trustee in respect of the Series 2016A Obligation, neither the Obligated Group nor the Master Trustee would be able to file a claim in a bankruptcy proceeding in respect of such Obligated Group Affiliate for payment of any amounts in respect of the Series 2016A Obligation. Issuer ABSENCE OF MATERIAL LITIGATION There is not now pending nor, to the knowledge of the Issuer, threatened any litigation against the Issuer restraining or enjoining the issuance or delivery of the Series 2016A Bonds or questioning or affecting the validity of such Series 2016A Bonds or the proceedings or authority under which they are to be issued. Neither the creation, organization or existence of the Issuer nor the title of any of the present directors or officers of the Issuer is being contested. There is no litigation pending or, to the knowledge of the Issuer, threatened against the Issuer which in any manner questions the right of the Issuer to enter into the Bond Indenture or Loan Agreement or to secure the Series 2016A Bonds in the manner provided in the Bond Indenture and the relevant statutes under which the Series 2016A Bonds are issued. Obligated Group Except as disclosed in APPENDIX A, there is not now pending nor, to the knowledge of the Obligated Group, threatened any litigation against any Member of the Obligated Group except for litigation in which the probable recoveries and the estimated costs and expenses of defense, in the opinion of the counsel to the Obligated Group responsible therefor, will be entirely within the Obligated Group s applicable insurance policy limits (subject to applicable deductibles) or reserves, including self-insurance trusts, established by the Obligated Group therefor, or which otherwise would not materially adversely affect the business or properties of the Obligated Group. -56-

63 UNDERWRITING The Underwriters have agreed to purchase the Series 2016A Bonds pursuant to a Bond Purchase Agreement (the Bond Purchase Agreement ) by and among the Issuer, the J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, for itself and as representative of the Underwriters, and the Corporation, for itself and as Obligated Group Representative, at an aggregate purchase price with respect to the Series 2016A Bonds of $926,501,671.39, reflecting the par amount of the Series 2016A Bonds, less $4,550, of underwriting discount, plus $127,552, of net premium. The Bond Purchase Agreement provides that the Underwriters will purchase all of the Series 2016A Bonds, if any are purchased, and contains the agreement of the Obligated Group to indemnify the Underwriters and the Issuer against certain liabilities. The Underwriters and their respective affiliates are full service financial institutions engaged in various activities, which may include securities trading, commercial and investment banking, financial advisory, investment management, principal investment, hedging, financing and brokerage services. Certain of the Underwriters and their respective affiliates have, from time to time, performed, and may in the future perform, various financial advisory, commercial banking, investment banking and swap counterparty services for the Obligated Group, for which they received or will receive customary fees and expenses. In the ordinary course of their various business activities, the Underwriters and their respective affiliates may make or hold a broad array of investments and actively trade debt and equity securities (or related derivative securities, which may include credit default swaps) and financial instruments (including bank loans) for their own account and for the accounts of their customers and may at any time hold long and short positions in such securities and instruments. Such investment and securities activities may involve securities and instruments of the Issuer and the Obligated Group. The Underwriters and their respective affiliates may also communicate independent investment recommendations, market color or trading ideas and/or publish or express independent research views in respect of such assets, securities or instruments and may at any time hold, or recommend to clients that they should acquire, long and/or short positions in such assets, securities and instruments. J.P. Morgan Securities LLC ( JPMS ), one of the Underwriters of the Series 2016A Bonds, has entered into negotiated dealer agreements (each, a Dealer Agreement ) with each of Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. ( CS&Co. ) and LPL Financial LLC ( LPL ) for the retail distribution of certain securities offerings at the original issue prices. Pursuant to each Dealer Agreement, each of CS&Co. and LPL may purchase Series 2016A Bonds from JPMS at the original issue price less a negotiated portion of the selling concession applicable to any Series 2016A Bonds that such firm sells. Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC, one of the Underwriters of the Series 2016A Bonds, has entered into a retail distribution arrangement with its affiliate Morgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC. As part of the distribution arrangement, Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC may distribute municipal securities to retail investors through the financial advisor network of Morgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC. As part of this arrangement, Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC may compensate Morgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC for its selling efforts with respect to the Series 2016A Bonds. Citigroup Global Markets Inc., one of the Underwriters of the Series 2016A Bonds, has entered into a retail distribution agreement with each of TMC Bonds L.L.C. ( TMC ) and UBS Financial Services Inc. ( UBSFS ). Under these distribution agreements, Citigroup Global Markets Inc. may distribute municipal securities to retail investors through the financial advisor network of UBSFS and the electronic primary offering platform of TMC. As part of this arrangement, Citigroup Global Markets Inc. -57-

64 may compensate TMC (and TMC may compensate its electronic platform member firms) and UBSFS for their selling efforts with respect to the Series 2016A Bonds. FINANCIAL ADVISOR The Corporation has retained Kaufman, Hall & Associates, LLC, Skokie, Illinois, as financial advisor in connection with the issuance of the Series 2016A Bonds. Although Kaufman, Hall & Associates, LLC. has assisted in the preparation of this Official Statement, Kaufman, Hall & Associates, LLC. was not and is not obligated to undertake, and has not undertaken to make, an independent verification and assumes no responsibility for the accuracy, completeness or fairness of the information contained in this Official Statement. Opinion of Bond Counsel TAX MATTERS In the opinion of Hawkins Delafield & Wood LLP, Bond Counsel to the Issuer, under existing statutes and court decisions and assuming continuing compliance with certain tax covenants described herein, (i) interest on the Series 2016A Bonds is excluded from gross income for Federal income tax purposes pursuant to Section 103 of the Code, and (ii) interest on the Series 2016A Bonds is not treated as a preference item in calculating the alternative minimum tax imposed on individuals and corporations under the Code; such interest, however, is included in the adjusted current earnings of certain corporations for purposes of calculating the alternative minimum tax imposed on such corporations. In rendering its opinion, Bond Counsel has relied on certain representations, certifications of fact, and statements of reasonable expectations made by the Issuer, the Corporation, and others in connection with the Series 2016A Bonds, and Bond Counsel has assumed compliance by the Issuer and the Corporation with certain ongoing covenants to comply with applicable requirements of the Code to assure the exclusion of interest on the Series 2016A Bonds from gross income under Section 103 of the Code. In addition, in rendering its opinion, Bond Counsel has relied on the opinion of counsel to the Obligated Group regarding, among other matters, the current qualification of the Corporation as an organization described in Section 501(c)(3) of the Code. In addition, in the opinion of Bond Counsel to the Issuer, under existing statutes, interest on the Series 2016A Bonds is exempt from the State of Arizona income tax. Bond Counsel expresses no opinion regarding any other federal or state tax consequences with respect to the Series 2016A Bonds. Bond Counsel renders its opinion under existing statutes and court decisions as of the issue date, and assumes no obligation to update, revise or supplement its opinion to reflect any action hereafter taken or not taken, or any facts or circumstances that may hereafter come to its attention, or changes in law or in interpretations thereof that may hereafter occur, or for any other reason. Bond Counsel expresses no opinion on the effect of any action hereafter taken or not taken in reliance upon an opinion of other counsel on the exclusion from gross income for Federal income tax purposes of interest on the Series 2016A Bonds, or under state and local tax law. Certain Ongoing Federal Tax Requirements and Covenants The Code establishes certain ongoing requirements that must be met subsequent to the issuance and delivery of the Series 2016A Bonds in order that interest on the Series 2016A Bonds, be and remain excluded from gross income under Section 103 of the Code. These requirements include, but are not limited to, requirements relating to use and expenditure of gross proceeds of the Series 2016A Bonds, -58-

65 yield and other restrictions on investments of gross proceeds, and the arbitrage rebate requirement that certain excess earnings on gross proceeds be rebated to the Federal government. Noncompliance with such requirements may cause interest on the Series 2016A Bonds to become included in gross income for Federal income tax purposes retroactive to their issue date, irrespective of the date on which such noncompliance occurs or is discovered. The Issuer and the Corporation have covenanted to comply with certain applicable requirements of the Code to assure the exclusion of interest on Series 2016A Bonds from gross income under Section 103 of the Code. Certain Collateral Federal Tax Consequences The following is a brief discussion of certain collateral Federal income tax matters with respect to the Series 2016A Bonds. It does not purport to address all aspects of Federal taxation that may be relevant to a particular owner of a Series 2016A Bond. Prospective investors, particularly those who may be subject to special rules, are advised to consult their own tax advisors regarding the Federal tax consequences of owning and disposing of the Series 2016A Bonds. Prospective owners of the Series 2016A Bonds should be aware that the ownership of such obligations may result in collateral Federal income tax consequences to various categories of persons, such as corporations (including S corporations and foreign corporations), financial institutions, property and casualty and life insurance companies, individual recipients of Social Security and railroad retirement benefits, individuals otherwise eligible for the earned income tax credit, and taxpayers deemed to have incurred or continued indebtedness to purchase or carry obligations the interest on which is excluded from gross income for Federal income tax purposes. Interest on the Series 2016A Bonds may be taken into account in determining the tax liability of foreign corporations subject to the branch profits tax imposed by Section 884 of the Code. Original Issue Discount Original issue discount ( OID ) is the excess of the sum of all amounts payable at the stated maturity of a Series 2016A Bond (excluding certain qualified stated interest that is unconditionally payable at least annually at prescribed rates) over the issue price of that maturity. In general, the issue price of a maturity means the first price at which a substantial amount of the Series 2016A Bonds of that maturity was sold (excluding sales to bond houses, brokers, or similar persons acting in the capacity as underwriters, placement agents, or wholesalers). In general, the issue price for each maturity of Series 2016A Bonds is expected to be the initial public offering price set forth on the cover page of this Official Statement. Bond Counsel further is of the opinion that, for any Series 2016A Bonds having OID (a Discount Bond ), OID that has accrued and is properly allocable to the owners of the Discount Bonds under Section 1288 of the Code is excludable from gross income for Federal income tax purposes to the same extent as other interest on the Series 2016A Bonds. In general, under Section 1288 of the Code, OID on a Discount Bond accrues under a constant yield method, based on periodic compounding of interest over prescribed accrual periods using a compounding rate determined by reference to the yield on that Discount Bond. An owner s adjusted basis in a Discount Bond is increased by accrued OID for purposes of determining gain or loss on sale, exchange, or other disposition of such Series 2016A Bond. Accrued OID may be taken into account as an increase in the amount of tax-exempt income received or deemed to have been received for purposes of determining various other tax consequences of owning a Discount Bond even though there will not be a corresponding cash payment. -59-

66 Owners of Discount Bonds should consult their own tax advisors with respect to the treatment of original issue discount for Federal income tax purposes, including various special rules relating thereto, and the state and local tax consequences of acquiring, holding, and disposing of Discount Bonds. Bond Premium In general, if an owner acquires a Series 2016A Bond for a purchase price (excluding accrued interest) or otherwise at a tax basis that reflects a premium over the sum of all amounts payable on the Series 2016A Bond after the acquisition date (excluding certain qualified stated interest that is unconditionally payable at least annually at prescribed rates), that premium constitutes bond premium on that Series 2016A Bond (a Premium Bond ). In general, under Section 171 of the Code, an owner of a Premium Bond must amortize the bond premium over the remaining term of the Premium Bond, based on the owner s yield over the remaining term of the Premium Bond, determined based on constant yield principles (in certain cases involving a Premium Bond callable prior to its stated maturity date, the amortization period and yield may be required to be determined on the basis of an earlier call date that results in the lowest yield on such bond). An owner of a Premium Bond must amortize the bond premium by offsetting the qualified stated interest allocable to each interest accrual period under the owner s regular method of accounting against the bond premium allocable to that period. In the case of a taxexempt Premium Bond, if the bond premium allocable to an accrual period exceeds the qualified stated interest allocable to that accrual period, the excess is a nondeductible loss. Under certain circumstances, the owner of a Premium Bond may realize a taxable gain upon disposition of the Premium Bond even though it is sold or redeemed for an amount less than or equal to the owner s original acquisition cost. Owners of any Premium Bonds should consult their own tax advisors regarding the treatment of bond premium for Federal income tax purposes, including various special rules relating thereto, and state and local tax consequences, in connection with the acquisition, ownership, amortization of bond premium on, sale, exchange, or other disposition of Premium Bonds. Information Reporting and Backup Withholding Information reporting requirements apply to interest paid on tax-exempt obligations, including the Series 2016A Bonds. In general, such requirements are satisfied if the interest recipient completes, and provides the payor with, a Form W-9, Request for Taxpayer Identification Number and Certification, or if the recipient is one of a limited class of exempt recipients. A recipient not otherwise exempt from information reporting who fails to satisfy the information reporting requirements will be subject to backup withholding, which means that the payor is required to deduct and withhold a tax from the interest payment, calculated in the manner set forth in the Code. For the foregoing purpose, a payor generally refers to the person or entity from whom a recipient receives its payments of interest or who collects such payments on behalf of the recipient. If an owner purchasing a Series 2016A Bond through a brokerage account has executed a Form W-9 in connection with the establishment of such account, as generally can be expected, no backup withholding should occur. In any event, backup withholding does not affect the excludability of the interest on the Series 2016A Bonds from gross income for Federal income tax purposes. Any amounts withheld pursuant to backup withholding would be allowed as a refund or a credit against the owner s Federal income tax once the required information is furnished to the IRS. Miscellaneous Tax legislation, administrative actions taken by tax authorities, or court decisions, whether at the federal or state level, may adversely affect the tax-exempt status of interest on the Series 2016A Bonds under Federal or state law or otherwise prevent beneficial owners of the Series 2016A Bonds from -60-

67 realizing the full current benefit of the tax status of such interest. In addition, such legislation or actions (whether currently proposed, proposed in the future, or enacted) and such decisions could affect the market price or marketability of the Series 2016A Bonds. For example, the budgets proposed by the Obama Administration from time to time have recommended a 28% limitation on certain itemized deductions and other tax benefits including tax-exempt interest. The net effect of such a proposal, if enacted into law, would be that an owner of a tax-exempt bond with a marginal tax rate in excess of 28% would pay some amount of Federal income tax with respect to the interest on such tax-exempt bond, regardless of issue date. Prospective purchasers of the Series 2016A Bonds should consult their own tax advisors regarding the foregoing matters. CONTINUING DISCLOSURE The Corporation, as Obligated Group Representative, has undertaken all responsibilities for providing any continuing disclosure to holders of the Series 2016A Bonds as described below under this caption, and the Issuer shall have no responsibility or liability to the holders or any other person with respect to such disclosures. General The Corporation has covenanted for the benefit of the Bondholders and the Beneficial Owners (as hereinafter defined under this caption), pursuant to a Master Continuing Disclosure Agreement dated as of November 19, 1998, as supplemented and amended, (collectively, the Disclosure Agreement ) executed and delivered by the Corporation and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as dissemination agent, to provide or cause to be provided (i) each year, certain financial information and operating data (the Annual Report ) relating to the Obligated Group (meeting certain criteria set forth in the Master Continuing Disclosure Agreement) by not later than five (5) months after the last day of the Fiscal Year of the Corporation, commencing with the Annual Report for the fiscal year ended December 31, 1998; provided, however, that if the audited consolidated financial statements of the Corporation are not available by such date, they will be provided when and if available, and unaudited consolidated financial statements will be included in the Annual Report; and (ii) notices of the occurrence of certain enumerated events, as described below. Currently, the fiscal year of the Corporation commences on January 1. Beneficial Owners means, under this caption only, any person which (a) has the power, directly or indirectly, to vote or consent with respect to, or to dispose of directly or indirectly, to vote or consent with respect to, or to dispose of ownership of any Series 2016A Bonds (including persons holding Series 2016A Bonds through nominees, depositories or other intermediaries), or (b) is treated as the owner of any Series 2016A Bonds for federal income tax purposes. The Annual Report and notices of listed events will be filed by or on behalf of the Obligated Group with the MSRB in an electronic format as prescribed by the MSRB. The MSRB has initially designated its EMMA system, found at as the sole repository for such disclosure filings. These covenants have been made in order to assist the Underwriters and registered brokers, dealers and municipal securities dealers in complying with the requirements of Rule 15c2-12 (the Rule ) promulgated by the SEC pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. In addition, the Corporation has agreed to cause to be filed with the MSRB copies of the Corporation s consolidated and the Obligated Group s unaudited quarterly financial statements containing statements of income and a balance sheet prepared by management for each of the first three fiscal quarters of each year within 60 days of the end of each such fiscal quarter. Upon written request, the Corporation will provide or cause to be provided to any Bondholder a copy of the most recent financial information for such fiscal -61-

68 quarter (for the first three fiscal quarters) or fiscal year (for the fourth fiscal quarter), as applicable, and any listed event notice filed in such fiscal quarter, all promptly after and as filed with the MSRB. All such information will also be available electronically at no cost from Digital Assurance Certification LLC ( DAC ). There is no assurance that the Corporation will continue to make information available from DAC for the life of the Series 2016A Bonds. Notice of Certain Events The Corporation covenants to provide or cause to be provided within 10 business days, information with respect to the occurrence of any of the following events as required by the Rule with respect to the Series 2016A Bonds: i. principal and interest payment delinquencies; ii. iii. iv. nonpayment related defaults, if material; unscheduled draws on debt service reserves reflecting financial difficulties; unscheduled draws on credit enhancement reflecting financial difficulties; v. substitution of credit or liquidity providers, or their failure to perform; vi. adverse tax opinions, the issuance by the IRS of proposed or final determinations of taxability, Notices of Proposed Issue (IRS Form 5701-TEB) or other material notices or determinations with respect to the tax status of the Series 2016A Bonds, or other events affecting the tax status of the Series 2016A Bonds; vii. viii. ix. modifications to rights of holders or beneficial owners, if material; Series 2016A Bond calls, if material; defeasances; x. release, substitution or sale of property securing repayment of the Series 2016A Bonds, if material; xi. xii. xiii. rating changes; tender offers; bankruptcy, insolvency, receivership or similar event of the obligated person; xiv. consummation of a merger, consolidation, or acquisition involving an obligated person or the sale of all or substantially all of the assets of the obligated person, other than in the ordinary course of business, the entry into a definitive agreement to undertake such an action or the termination of a definitive agreement relating to any such actions, other than pursuant to its terms, if material; and xv. appointment of a successor or additional trustee or the change of name of a trustee, if material. -62-

69 Annual Report The Annual Report will contain or incorporate by reference at least the following items: (i) The audited financial statements of the Corporation for the fiscal year immediately preceding the due date of the Annual Report; provided, however, that if such audited financial statements are not available by the deadline for filing the Annual Report, they shall be provided when and if available, and unaudited financial statements shall be included in the Annual Report. The financial statements shall be audited and prepared pursuant to accounting and reporting policies conforming in all material respects to GAAP or accompanied by a quantified explanation of material deviations from GAAP, if possible, or a full explanation of the accounting principles used. (ii) An update of the material financial information and material operating data of the same general nature as that contained in APPENDIX A under the captions OBLIGATED GROUP HOSPITAL FACILITIES AND SERVICES Greater Phoenix Area Banner Greater Phoenix Area Facilities, Greater Tucson Area Banner Greater Tucson Area Hospitals, Western Region Western Region Hospitals, UTILIZATION, FINANCIAL INFORMATION (charts and annual historic information only under following captions) Capitalization, Debt Service Coverage, Liquidity, and Sources of Net Patient Revenue. Any or all of the items listed above may be included by specific reference to other documents which previously have been provided to each of the repositories described above or filed with the SEC. If the document included by reference is a final official statement, it must be available from the MSRB. The Corporation shall clearly identify each such other document as included by reference. Failure to Comply In the event of a failure of the Corporation to comply with any provision of the Disclosure Agreement, any Bondholder or Beneficial Owner may seek specific performance by court order to cause the Corporation to comply with the obligations under the Disclosure Agreement. A failure to comply with the Disclosure Agreement shall not be deemed an Event of Default under the Bond Indenture or the Loan Agreement. The sole remedy under the Disclosure Agreement in the event of any failure of the Corporation to comply with the Disclosure Agreement shall be an action to compel performance, and no person or entity shall be entitled to recover monetary damage thereunder under any circumstances. The Corporation has not failed in the past five years to comply in all material respects with any previous undertaking with regard to the Rule to provide financial information and data, operating data or notices of certain listed events. Amendment of the Disclosure Agreement The provisions of the Disclosure Agreement, including but not limited to the provisions relating to the accounting principles pursuant to which the financial statements are prepared, may be amended as deemed appropriate by the Corporation; but any such amendment must be adopted procedurally and substantively in a manner consistent with the Rule, including any interpretation thereof made from time to time by the SEC. Such interpretations currently include the requirements that (i) the amendment may only be made in connection with a change in circumstances that arises from a change in legal requirements, change in law, or change in the identity, nature or status of any Obligated Person or the type of activities conducted thereby, (ii) the undertaking, as amended, would have complied with the requirements of the Rule at the time of the primary offering of the Series 2016A Bonds, after taking into account any amendments or interpretations of the Rule, as well as any change in circumstances, and -63-

70 (iii) the amendment does not materially impair the interests of Bondholders, as determined by parties unaffiliated with the Obligated Group (such as independent legal counsel). The foregoing interpretations may be changed in the future. LEGAL MATTERS Certain legal matters incident to the authorization and issuance of the Series 2016A Bonds are subject to the approval of Hawkins Delafield & Wood LLP, New York, New York, Bond Counsel, and to certain other conditions. Certain legal matters will be passed upon for the Issuer by its counsel, Ryley Carlock & Applewhite, Phoenix, Arizona; for the Obligated Group by its special counsel, Lewis Roca Rothgerber Christie LLP, Phoenix, Arizona, and by its Senior Vice President and General Counsel; and for the Underwriters by their special counsel, Dentons US LLP, Chicago, Illinois. RATINGS Standard & Poor s Ratings Services ( S&P ) and Fitch Ratings ( Fitch ) have each assigned the Series 2016A Bonds a rating of AA-. A report, which outlines the basis for the current rating by each rating agency, has been issued by each rating agency in connection with the issuance of its rating and a copy may be obtained by contacting the applicable rating agency. An explanation of the significance of the ratings may be obtained from the applicable rating agency. The ratings are not a recommendation to buy, sell or hold the Series 2016A Bonds. There can be no assurance that the ratings will continue for any given period of time or that a rating will not be lowered, suspended or withdrawn entirely by the applicable rating agency. Any such downward changes in or suspension or withdrawal of any of such ratings may have an adverse effect on the secondary market price and liquidity of the Series 2016A Bonds. VERIFICATION OF MATHEMATICAL COMPUTATIONS At the time of delivery of the Series 2016A Bonds, Causey Demgen & Moore P.C., Certified Public Accountants, will deliver a report on the mathematical accuracy of the computations contained in schedules provided to them relating to (a) the sufficiency of the anticipated cash and maturing principal amounts and interest on the defeasance obligations to pay the principal of and accrued interest due and payable on each series of the Prior Bonds to be advance refunded on and prior to the redemption date of January 1, 2018; and (b) the yield on the Series 2016A Bonds and on the defeasance obligations considered by Bond Counsel in connection with its bond opinions. The money and the defeasance obligations and all interest or other income thereon, and any proceeds from the disposition thereof, will be used only to pay the principal of and accrued interest on the Prior Bonds to their redemption date, and will not be available for payment of debt service on the Series 2016A Bonds. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS The Audited Consolidated Financial Statements of Banner Health and Subsidiaries for the Years Ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 included in APPENDIX B to this Official Statement, have been audited by Ernst & Young LLP, independent auditors, as stated in their report appearing herein. -64-

71 INTERIM FINANCIAL INFORMATION Included in APPENDIX A of this Official Statement is certain unaudited interim financial information. Operating results for the six months ended June 30, 2016 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the entire year ending December 31, See FINANCIAL INFORMATION in APPENDIX A hereto. MISCELLANEOUS Any statements in this Official Statement, including the Appendices hereto, involving matters of opinion, whether or not expressly so stated, are intended as such and not as representations of fact. The attached APPENDICES A, B, C and D are integral parts of this Official Statement and must be read together with all of the foregoing statement. The summaries or descriptions of provisions of the Series 2016A Bonds, the Bond Indenture, the Loan Agreement, the Master Indenture and the Disclosure Agreement and all references to other materials not purporting to be quoted in full, are only brief outlines of certain provisions thereof and do not purport to summarize or describe all the provisions thereof. Reference is hereby made to such instruments, documents and other materials for the complete provisions thereof. It is anticipated that CUSIP identification numbers will be printed on the Series 2016A Bonds, but neither the failure to print such numbers on any Series 2016A Bonds nor any error in the printing of such numbers shall constitute cause for a failure or refusal by the purchaser thereof to accept delivery of and pay for any Series 2016A Bonds. Except for the information concerning the Issuer under THE ISSUER and as to the Issuer in ABSENCE OF MATERIAL LITIGATION Issuer, none of the information in this Official Statement has been supplied or verified by the Issuer, and no representation or warranty is made by or on behalf of the Issuer, express or implied, as to (i) the accuracy or completeness of such information, or (ii) the tax status of the interest on the Series 2016A Bonds. The Corporation has reviewed the information contained herein which relates to the Obligated Group and has approved all such information for use within this Official Statement. -65-

72 The use of this Official Statement has been duly approved by the Issuer and the execution and delivery hereof has been approved by the Obligated Group. Approved: BANNER HEALTH By: /s/ Dennis Dahlen Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer

73 APPENDIX A INFORMATION CONCERNING BANNER HEALTH Banner Health provided the information set forth in this Appendix A.

74 [THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK]

75 Information Concerning Banner Health Table of Contents INTRODUCTION... A-1 Overview... A-1 ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE... A-1 Legal Structure... A-1 Obligated Group... A-4 STRATEGY... A-4 OBLIGATED GROUP HOSPITAL FACILITIES AND SERVICES... A-6 Greater Phoenix Area... A-6 Greater Phoenix Service Area... A-8 Greater Tucson Metropolitan Service Area... A-13 Inpatient Utilization and Market Share Information... A-15 Western Region... A-16 Western Region Joint Ventures and Other Relationships... A-18 BANNER NON-OBLIGATED GROUP SUBSIDIARIES AND AFFILIATES... A-22 Physician Operations... A-22 Provider Network and Health Plans... A-23 Joint Ventures and Other Relationships... A-25 RECENTLY COMPLETED, CURRENT AND PLANNED TRANSACTIONS AND PROJECTS... A-26 Acquisition of Urgent Care Centers in Phoenix and Tucson Areas... A-26 Acquisition of Arizona Integrated Physicians, Inc.... A-26 Banner University Medical Center Phoenix... A-26 Banner University Medical Center Phoenix Institute Clinic Buildings... A-27 Banner University Medical Center Tucson Reconstruction Projects... A-27 Banner Behavioral Health Hospital-Scottsdale... A-27 Banner Casa Grande Medical Center WIS Project... A-28 UTILIZATION... A-28 FINANCIAL INFORMATION... A-30 Audited Financial Statements of Banner Health and Subsidiaries... A-30 Summary of Revenues and Expenses and Balance Sheets... A-30 Capitalization... A-38 Debt Service Coverage... A-40 Liquidity... A-43 Sources of Net Patient Service Revenue... A-44 MANAGEMENT S DISCUSSION OF FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE... A-45 MANAGED CARE... A-47 Greater Phoenix Area... A-47 Greater Tucson Area... A-48 Banner Western... A-48 Page - i -

76 INVESTMENT AND DERIVATIVES POLICIES... A-48 GOVERNANCE AND MANAGEMENT... A-49 Governance... A-49 Related Party Transactions... A-50 Management of Banner... A-50 Management Succession Planning... A-53 Arizona Ballot Initiative Executive Compensation... A-54 EMPLOYEES... A-54 LITIGATION AND INVESTIGATIONS... A-55 Stark Self-Disclosures... A-55 DOJ/OIG Patient Status Investigation... A-56 UAHN 340B Self-Disclosure... A-56 June 2016 Cyber Attack and Resulting Class Actions... A-56 Retirement Account Administration Class Action... A-57 LICENSES, MEMBERSHIP AND ACCREDITATION... A-57 INSURANCE PROGRAM... A-57 - ii -

77 INTRODUCTION Overview Banner Health ( Banner ) is one of the nation s largest secular nonprofit healthcare systems. Headquartered in Phoenix, Arizona, Banner provides a broad range of healthcare and related services concentrated in three regions--the Greater Phoenix metropolitan area, the Greater Tucson metropolitan area, and in northern and northeastern Colorado, with the remaining facilities located in small or rural communities in Wyoming, Nebraska, Arizona, Nevada, and California. Banner also has operations in Alaska, but these are expected to be transferred out of Banner at the end of See OBLIGATED GROUP HOSPITAL FACILITIES AND SERVICES - Western Region Joint Ventures and Other Relationships herein. Centralized corporate and other support services for these operations are provided from Banner s corporate offices in Phoenix and Mesa, Arizona. As of June 30, 2016, Banner owned, leased or managed 28 acute care hospitals in seven states with a total of approximately 5,177 licensed acute care beds and approximately 421 behavioral and rehabilitation licensed beds; one behavioral health facility with 96 licensed beds; one rehabilitation facility with a total of 91 licensed skilled nursing beds; and one skilled nursing facility with a total of 90 long term care licensed beds. Through subsidiaries that are not part of the Obligated Group, Banner owns three large multispecialty medical groups having approximately 1,300 physicians and a Medicaid managed care plan. Banner also controls and operates a large accountable care organization and an independent physician network, and is part-owner of a Medicare Advantage managed care plan and the largest clinical laboratory entity in Arizona. It is anticipated that Banner will acquire a chain of urgent care clinics in the Phoenix and Tucson metropolitan areas in the fourth quarter of 2016 if all closing conditions are met. Banner, together with its subsidiaries and consolidated affiliates, employed approximately 42,500 full-time equivalent employees as of June 30, Banner is the largest provider of healthcare services in Arizona. Legal Structure ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE Banner is an Arizona nonprofit corporation and a tax-exempt organization described in Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. Banner has no members and is in good standing in all of the states in which it operates. Banner has subsidiaries and affiliates, and participates in a number of joint ventures, but all of Banner s hospital operations are owned or leased, and operated directly by a Member of the Obligated Group. On February 28, 2015, Banner acquired, through a merger with the University of Arizona Health Network ( UAHN ) and related transactions, a 467- licensed bed tertiary hospital in Tucson (now known as Banner University Medical Center Tucson )( B UMCT ), an approximately 610-physician faculty practice plan (now known as Banner University Medical Group )( B UMG ) for The University of Arizona College of Medicine Tucson ( COM-T ), and a Medicaid managed care plan and related dualeligible special needs Medicare Advantage plan, which currently cover approximately 143,000 lives in the Greater Tucson area and other central and southern Arizona communities. Banner also assumed a lease agreement with Pima County for a 245-licensed bed hospital in Tucson (now known as the Banner University Medical Center South )( B UMCS ). Simultaneously, Banner and the University of Arizona ( UA ) entered into a thirty year academic affiliation agreement providing for substantial ongoing financial support of COM-T and The University of Arizona College of Medicine Phoenix ( COM-P ), and for Banner University Medical Center Phoenix ( B UMCP ) to become the primary teaching affiliate of

78 COM-P. (The foregoing transactions are referred to collectively as the UAHN Transaction.) OBLIGATED GROUP HOSPITAL FACILITIES AND SERVICES - Greater Tucson Area. See For the year ended December 31, 2015, the Obligated Group (as opposed to operations held by Banner subsidiaries or through joint ventures and consisting as of such date, only of Banner) accounted for approximately 79% of Banner s consolidated revenue, 222% of Banner s consolidated operating income and 314% of Banner s consolidated excess of revenues over expenses. For the year ended December 31, 2015, the Obligated Group had excess of revenues over expenses of $263 million. US Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ( GAAP ) require that the consolidated financial statements of Banner include financial information on each entity controlled by Banner. Therefore, the consolidated financial and statistical information in this Appendix A reflects consolidated financial information on entities that are not Members of the Obligated Group. For comparative purposes, financial and statistical information relating solely to the Obligated Group is included herein as well. The entities included in the consolidated financial and statistical information that are not Members of the Obligated Group have no obligation to make any payments on the Series 2016A Bonds or the Series 2016A Obligation or any other Obligations outstanding under the Master Indenture. A Banner organizational chart, setting forth all active Banner subsidiaries and affiliates with material assets or operations, is set forth on the following page (all entities are owned 100% by Banner unless otherwise indicated). Consolidated revenue means net revenue including contractual adjustments. Consolidated operating income equals revenue less operating expenses. Net income, or consolidated excess of revenues over expenses, includes operating income, investment income and other miscellaneous income. A-2

79 BANNER HEALTH an Arizona nonprofit Corporation (Obligated Group Member) Foundations/Self-Insurance/Real Estate Provider Networks/Insurance Ambulatory Provider Operations/Pharmacy Tucson Hospital Entities Banner Health Foundation an Arizona nonprofit corporation Banner Alzheimer s Foundation an Arizona nonprofit corporation Banner Indemnity, Ltd a Cayman Islands corporation Banner Plan Administration, Inc. an Arizona nonprofit corporation Banner Network Colorado, LLC a Colorado limited liability company Banner Health Network an Arizona nonprofit corporation (25%) Laboratory Sciences of Arizona, LLC an Arizona limited liability company Sonora Quest Laboratories, LLC an Arizona limited liability company (51%) Horizon Laboratory, LLC a Colorado limited liability company Banner University Medical Center Tucson Campus, LLC an Arizona limited liability company (Obligated Group Member) Banner University Medical Center South Campus, LLC an Arizona limited liability company (Obligated Group Member) Medical Groups BTMC MOB, LLC a nonprofit Delaware corporation Veritage, LLC an Arizona limited liability company (50%) McKee Medical Holdings, LLC a Colorado limited liability company Banner Medical Group an Arizona nonprofit corporation MediSun, Inc. an Arizona corporation Mountain Vista Orthopedic Surgery Center, LLC a Colorado limited liability company Banner Health Network an Arizona nonprofit corporation (25%) Banner Physician Hospital Organization an Arizona nonprofit corporation (25%) Banner Surgery Centers, LLC an Arizona limited liability company Banner Medical Group Colorado a Colorado nonprofit corporation Banner Health Network an Arizona nonprofit corporation (25%) Banner Arizona ASC, LLC a Tennessee limited liability company (51%) Banner-University Medical Group an Arizona nonprofit corporation The University of Arizona Health Plans - University Healthcare, Inc. an Arizona nonprofit corporation Banner Pharmacy Services, LLC an Arizona limited liability company The University of Arizona Health Plans -University Care Advantage, Inc. an Arizona nonprofit corporation Banner Urgent Care Services, LLC an Arizona limited liability Company Cenpatico of Arizona, Inc. an Arizona corporation (10%) The University of Arizona Health Plans - Family Care, Inc. an Arizona nonprofit corporation Cenpatico of Arizona, Inc. an Arizona corporation (10%) Arizona Integrated Physicians, Inc a Delaware Corporation Banner Health Network an Arizona nonprofit corporation (25%) A-3

80 Obligated Group The current Members of the Obligated Group are Banner, Banner University Medical Center Tucson Campus, LLC ( B UMCT, LLC ), an Arizona limited liability company and Banner University Medical Center South Campus, LLC ( B UMCS, LLC ), an Arizona limited liability company. Banner is the sole member of B UMCT, LLC and B UMCS, LLC, each of which joined the Obligated Group in connection with the UAHN transaction. B UMCT, LLC owns and operates B UMCT and B UMCS, LLC has a leasehold interest in and operates B UMCS. Banner, B UMCT, LLC and B UMCS, LLC are the only entities obligated to make payments with respect to Obligations outstanding under the Master Indenture, including the Series 2016A Obligation. STRATEGY Since its formation in 1999, Banner recognized that its long term success is dependent on the quality of its clinical care and its ability to provide that care at a reasonable cost. This belief is the foundation of Banner s 17-year journey to streamline and standardize operating processes and utilize matrixed reporting relationships to ensure that the whole of the enterprise is greater than the sum of its parts, the individual provider sites and facilities. Early efforts focused on business support activities (payroll, accounting, supply chain, etc.), but expanded to encompass clinical quality and customer support areas as well, resulting in an approach referred to as an operating company model. Banner s operating company model has allowed it to operate at high levels of efficiency, realize additional economies of scale by growing, provide consistent and reliable clinical care in care settings as diverse as an acute care facility in Phoenix and critical access hospitals in rural Nebraska and Wyoming, and rapidly evaluate and adopt evidenced-based improvements in clinical care across the entire system. Specifically, Banner was a pioneer for what has become a preferred model for electronic medical records: a single instance implementation across the enterprise that allows providers in every location access to a complete medical record for all Banner patients and members. At present, newly acquired operations in Tucson, Arizona (B UMCT, B UMCS, and B UMG) utilize a legacy EMR but migration to the Banner standard is planned for mid This architecture, coupled with clinical decision support tools, tele-health and remote monitoring and diagnostic technology, and other critical infrastructure, provide physicians and other providers with technological advancements designed to improve clinical quality and efficiency throughout the care continuum. In the face of mounting evidence that the existing fee-for-service revenue model is unsustainable, Banner has embraced and pursued value-based revenue models that reward high quality and effective coordination of care across the provider network, at a lower cost. While this strategy preceded the passage of the Affordable Care Act, the pace of activity accelerated with its enactment. Banner, directly and through affiliates, has committed to development of a population health management infrastructure, geographically diverse provider networks capable of assuming risk for the management of designated populations. Banner s approach has been well-received in the Arizona and Colorado marketplaces, resulting in the rapid growth of risk or value-based relationships with payors, employers and the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services ( CMS ). Collectively referred to as Banner Health Insurance Operations, these business relationships include: Participation as an insurer/plan in the Arizona Health Care Cost Containment System ( AHCCCS ), Arizona s Medicaid managed care program following acquisition of an AHCCCS managed care plan in the UAHN Transaction. A-4

81 Participation as an insurer/plan in the Medicare Advantage program in Arizona s Maricopa and Pima Counties through a joint venture with Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Arizona, Inc. Participation through BHN as a Pioneer ACO in the CMS accountable care organization demonstration project for Medicare enrollees. Numerous relationships with commercial insurers on a shared risk basis. As a result of these actions and initiatives, Banner and its affiliates held value-based contracts with some element of risk covering approximately 462,500 covered lives (including 207,500 full risk lives) as of June 30, 2016, a 5.6% decrease from June 30, The decrease in membership is due to closure of the BHN Health Net plan and a small commercial plan acquired in the UAHN Transaction; continuing full risk plan membership grew by 7.7% year-over-year, while shared risk membership dropped 8.1%, primarily due to a reduction in membership attributed to the BHN CMS Pioneer Savings Plan. Banner s revenue from value-based contracts was approximately $1.0 billion and $553.0 million during the year ended December 31, 2015 and the six months ended June 30, 2016, respectively. The UAHN transaction and the establishment of a long-term academic affiliation with UA are expected to serve several strategic goals, including the establishment of a broader statewide provider network capable of entering into more comprehensive value-based and other population health management arrangements, the enhancement of the B UMCT as a cost-effective and attractive competitor in the southern Arizona market, the differentiation of B UMCP as the only complete academic medical center in the Phoenix metropolitan area, and the creation of a stable level of financial support for the two UA Colleges of Medicine necessary for both schools to grow and attract top quality faculty, fellows, residents and medical students. The affiliation with COM-T and COM-P is also expected to help maintain an adequate supply of physicians to meet the needs of Arizona and other communities served by Banner, and to give Banner ready access to research and other knowledge available through an academic medical affiliation that will reinforce its status as a clinical quality company and its movement towards population health management. In addition to, and as a part of its commitment to value-based revenue models, Banner has expanded its geographic presence through a series of acquisitions and transactions that are intended to give Banner the geographic presence and diversity of provider settings necessary in order to pursue a large-scale population health management strategy. These transactions include the following: It is anticipated that Banner Health, through its wholly owned subsidiary, Banner Urgent Care Services, LLC will acquire 32 urgent care centers throughout Phoenix and Tucson areas in the fourth quarter of 2016 if all closing conditions are met. It is anticipated that an additional 12 urgent care centers will be opened by the end of See RECENTLY COMPLETED TRANSACTIONS AND PROJECTS, CURRENT PROJECTS AND FUTURE PLANS herein. In June 2016, Banner acquired Arizona Integrated Physicians, Inc., an independent provider network with approximately 1,100 contracted independent providers concentrated in the west valley of the Phoenix metropolitan region. See RECENTLY COMPLETED TRANSACTIONS AND PROJECTS, CURRENT PROJECTS AND FUTURE PLANS herein. On August 1, 2015, Banner acquired Payson Regional Medical Center, a 44-licensed bed hospital located in Payson, Arizona, approximately 88 miles northeast of the Phoenix metropolitan area, now known as Banner Payson Medical Center ( BPMC ). A-5

82 On April 6, 2015 Banner opened Banner Fort Collins Medical Center ( BFCMC ), a new hospital in Fort Collins, Colorado. BFCMC is built on a 28-acre campus, with a twostory hospital featuring an emergency department, a 22-bed inpatient unit, labor and delivery rooms, medical imaging, women s services, surgical services and lab services. The campus includes an outpatient clinic and medical office building, and is expected to enhance Banner s ability to enter into value-based and risk-based payor contracts in the northern Colorado area. The UAHN transaction, which closed on February 28, 2015, as discussed above and herein, enabled Banner to enter the market in the Greater Tucson metropolitan area with two hospitals and a substantial physician presence. See OBLIGATED GROUP HOSPITAL FACILITIES AND SERVICES - Greater Tucson Area. On June 9, 2014, Banner acquired Casa Grande Regional Medical Center (renamed Banner Casa Grande Medical Center ), a 177-licensed bed general acute care hospital located in Casa Grande, Arizona, approximately 50 miles southeast of the Phoenix metropolitan area, and certain related facilities including medical office buildings, an imaging center and undeveloped land, pursuant to a reorganization plan under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code. Banner will continue to consider and respond to opportunities in new geographic markets and services, with particular emphasis on expansion in the provision of care in ambulatory settings. In July 2016, Banner initiated a multi-year system-wide project to reimagine itself into an enterprise that is capable of engaging consumers at every touch point, providing highly reliable and excellent quality clinical care in every setting, and doing both of these at prices that are affordable. Banner has engaged McKinsey & Co. to assist in this effort and it is expected the results of this project will both support the transition to value-based revenue models while meeting consumer expectations. OBLIGATED GROUP HOSPITAL FACILITIES AND SERVICES For convenience, the following sections organize the Obligated Group s hospitals and other facilities by those located and managed from the Greater Phoenix metropolitan area, those located in the Greater Tucson metropolitan area, and those located and managed outside of these metropolitan areas (referred to as the Western Region ). Each section includes a description of the region s market, the locations and names of each hospital facility in the region, the number of licensed hospital, long term care ( LTC ), rehabilitation or behavioral beds, whether the hospital facility is owned or leased by Banner, and the facility s inpatient discharges and market share. For each leased facility, the hospital facilities tables state the year when the leased operations began at the leased facility by Banner or its predecessors. Except where noted, the leases provide for termination upon a set date or the occurrence of certain defined events of default. Greater Phoenix Area Most of Banner s facilities are located in the Greater Phoenix area. These facilities offer a broad range of hospital and other services including a Level I Trauma Center, inpatient and outpatient acute care (including tertiary level services), solid organ transplants, behavioral health, cardiovascular, orthopedic, women s services, pediatrics and neonatology, oncology, geriatric/skilled nursing, and rehabilitation. These facilities accounted for approximately 190% of Banner s 2015 operating income, and 85% of the Obligated Group s 2015 operating income. All of Banner s facilities in the Greater Phoenix area are owned. A-6

83 The following chart provides additional information about the primary Banner facilities located in the greater Phoenix metropolitan area: Banner Greater Phoenix Area Facilities LTC/Rehab/ Behavioral/ SNF Licensed Beds 12/31/15 % of Banner Revenue for Year Ended 12/31/15 % of Banner Operating Income for Year Ended 12/31/15 Location Facilities Hospital Licensed Beds 12/31/15 Phoenix, Arizona Banner University Medical Center Phoenix Mesa, Arizona Banner Desert Medical Center Glendale, Arizona Banner Thunderbird Medical Center Sun City, Arizona Banner Boswell Medical Center Sun City West, Arizona Banner Del E. Webb Medical Center Mesa, Arizona Banner Baywood Medical Center Phoenix, Arizona Banner Estrella Medical Center Casa Grande, Arizona Banner Casa Grande Medical Center (1) (15.5) Gilbert, Arizona Banner Gateway Medical Center Mesa, Arizona Banner Heart Hospital Queen Creek, Arizona Banner Ironwood Medical Center (4.6) Payson, Arizona Banner Payson Medical Center (2) (0.8) Apache Junction, Banner Goldfield Medical Arizona Center (3.8) Sun City, Arizona Banner Boswell Rehabilitation Center Scottsdale, Arizona Banner Behavioral Health Hospital (4.0) Gilbert, Arizona Banner MD Anderson Cancer Center (18.7) (1) Acquired June 9, (2) Acquired August 1, The following is a brief description of certain significant relationships in which the Obligated Group participates in the Greater Phoenix area: MD Anderson Cancer Center In 2009, Banner entered into an agreement with MD Anderson Physician Network ( MD Anderson ) to develop and operate a comprehensive cancer program on the campus of Banner Gateway Medical Center. Licensed as a department of Banner Gateway Medical Center, the Banner MD Anderson Cancer Center ( Cancer Center ) began operations in 2011, and is included in the Obligated Group s facilities and operations. Banner owns the Cancer Center operations and the physical plant and equipment comprising the Cancer Center, and employs its staff (including most physicians). MD Anderson provides clinical oversight, training, and other program support services and is reimbursed for these services based on a fixed and variable fee schedule. Banner paid service fees of approximately $2.8 million to MD Anderson for the year ended December 31, Substantially expanded in 2015 to meet a growing demand for outpatient and radiation oncology services, the Cancer Center comprises approximately 233,000 square feet. In 2015, the Cancer Center had $155.6 million in net operating A-7

84 revenue, and an operating loss of $24.1 million. See MANAGEMENT S DISCUSSION OF FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE Year Ended December 31, 2015 herein. University of Arizona College of Medicine Phoenix Academic Affiliation As discussed in greater detail below, Banner entered into a 30-year Academic Affiliation Agreement ( AAA ) with the University of Arizona on February 28, Under the AAA, B UMCP is designated as the primary teaching affiliate for COM-P. In connection with this designation, sponsorship of the residencies based at B UMCP transferred to COM-P in 2015, and Banner committed to provide financial support for the academic program based in part upon the historical level of support provided for medical education at B UMCP. All physicians who had been employed by Banner or Banner Medical Group ( BMG ) and practiced at B UMCP transferred to B UMG on January 1, 2016, and became part of the faculty for COM-P. With certain exceptions, it is anticipated that all independent members of the medical staff at B UMCP will hold faculty titles at COM-P by See OBLIGATED GROUP HOSPITAL FACILITIES AND SERVICES - Greater Tucson Area for additional information. Greater Phoenix Service Area Except for BPMC, all of the Obligated Group facilities and operations located throughout the Greater Phoenix metropolitan service area are in Maricopa County or Pinal County. BPMC, located approximately 88 miles northeast of Phoenix, is administered as part of the Greater Phoenix metropolitan area. The Greater Phoenix metropolitan area has an economic base composed of various service, retail and wholesale trade outlets, high technology manufacturing and financial services firms. The following chart describes the population growth in the State of Arizona and the Maricopa-Pinal Service areas from 2011 to 2016, and projected through Historic and Projected Population Growth by Service Area and State Historic Projected State/Place Annual % Growth 2021 Annual % Growth Arizona Maricopa Pinal Service Area 4,297,751 4,581, % 4,928, % State of Arizona 6,542,840 6,863, % 7,292, % Source: Claritas via Truven. Following is a map of Phoenix and adjoining cities, which includes the location of acute care facilities for Banner and its competitors. A-8

85 Maricopa and Pinal Counties Service Area Acute Care Facilities A-9

86 Inpatient Utilization and Market Share Information The following table sets forth general acute care hospital facilities in the Phoenix metropolitan area (excluding Veterans Administration, military and Indian Health Services facilities) and their inpatient cases for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2014, and 2015 (January-June). The total inpatient statistics in the chart include acute care patients (but exclude normal newborn cases) and acute behavioral patients at general acute care hospitals and exclude long-term care, skilled nursing facility or freestanding rehabilitation and freestanding psychiatric hospital patients. Maricopa - Pinal County Facility Inpatient Market Share by Health System and Facility (Jan-Jun) (Jan-Jun) Cases % Cases % Cases % Banner Health Banner Baywood 19, % 18, % 9, % Banner Boswell 17, % 16, % 7, % Banner Casa Grande (1) % 3, % 2, % Banner Del E Webb 16, % 15, % 8, % Banner Desert 34, % 34, % 17, % Banner Estrella 16, % 17, % 8, % Banner Gateway 14, % 13, % 7, % Banner Goldfield (2) % % % Banner Heart 5, % 5, % 2, % Banner Ironwood 2, % 2, % 1, % Banner Thunderbird 33, % 29, % 14, % Banner UMC Phoenix 32, % 34, % 17, % Banner Maricopa-Pinal Total 192, % 192, % 97, % Banner Payson (3) 2,054 n/a 1,872 n/a 871 n/a Dignity Health Chandler 19, % 21, % 12, % Mercy Gilbert 13, % 14, % 7, % St. Joseph s 29, % 29, % 14, % St. Joseph s Westgate (4) % % % AZ General % % % AZ Orthopedic (5)(6) % % % Oasis (6) 3, % 3, % 1, % Subtotal 66, % 69, % 37, % Phoenix Children s (6) 12, % 13, % 6, % Phoenix Children s Gilbert (6) % % Subtotal 12, % 13, % 7, % Dignity + PCH 78, % 83, % 45, % Honor Health Greenbaum Surgical Specialty Hospital % % % Scottsdale Osborn 16, % 15, % 7, % Scottsdale Shea 19, % 20, % 10, % Scottsdale Thompson Peak 5, % 5, % 2, % Deer Valley Medical Center 15, % 14, % 6, % John C. Lincoln 12, % 11, % 6, % Subtotal 70, % 68, % 33, % Abrazo Abrazo Arrowhead 11, % 11, % 5, % Abrazo AZ Heart Hospital 2, % 2, % 1, % Abrazo Maryvale 4, % 4, % 2, % Abrazo Scottsdale 4, % 5, % 2, % Abrazo Central 9, % 9, % 4, % Abrazo West 9, % 10, % 5, % Subtotal 42, % 43, % 21, % A-10

87 (Jan-Jun) Cases % Cases % Cases % IASIS Mountain Vista 8, % 8, % 4, % St. Luke s 5, % 5, % 2, % Tempe St. Luke s 3, % 3, % 1, % Subtotal 17, % 16, % 8, % Independent AZ Regional Medical Center (7) % % % AZ Regional Medical Center AJ (2) % % % AZ Spine and Joint % % % The Core Institute Specialty Hospital (10) % % % Casa Grande Regional (1) 7, % 3, % % Florence Anthem (8) % % % Freedom Pain Hospital (8) % % % Gilbert Hospital % % % Maricopa Medical Center 17, % 17, % 8, % Mayo Hospital 12, % 13, % 5, % Western Regional Medical (CTCA) % % % Wickenburg Regional Hospital % % % Subtotal 42, % 38, % 15, % TOTAL 443, % 442, % 222, % Data Source: ADHS Inpatient Discharge Database Note: Excludes Normal Newborns, freestanding rehabilitation facilities, and behavioral health facilities. (1) On June 9, 2014, Banner acquired Casa Grande Regional Medical Center. (2) Banner acquired Arizona Regional Medical Center--Apache Junction in May In June 2013 the facility was reopened and renamed Banner Goldfield Medical Center. (3) On August 1, 2015 Banner acquired Payson Regional Medical Center, now BPMC. (4) St. Joseph s Westgate opened in May 2014; Phoenix Children s Hospital Gilbert opened in September 2014; and Arizona General Hospital opened in December (5) Dignity Health has a 49% ownership interest in AZ Orthopedic. (6) These entities are affiliated with Dignity Health through a joint venture. Phoenix Children s affiliated with Dignity Health in June (7) Arizona Regional Medical Center closed in May (8) Florence Anthem opened in March 2012; Freedom Pain Hospital opened in June 2012 and is now known as Scottsdale Liberty Hospital. (9) These entities are affiliated with Dignity Health through a joint venture. (10) Formerly Arizona Surgical Specialty Hospital. Greater Tucson Area Banner entered the Greater Tucson metropolitan area on February 28, 2015, upon the completion of the UAHN Transaction, following which Banner assumed responsibility for B UMCT and B UMCS. B UMCT is the primary teaching affiliate of COM-T, and provides comprehensive acute care, quaternary and tertiary services. B UMCT s specialty services include comprehensive heart and cancer care, advanced neuroscience techniques and a multi-organ transplant program. B UMCT is southern Arizona s only Level I Trauma Center, caring for the most critically injured patients. Diamond Children s Medical Center, located within B UMCT, provides specialized pediatric services including neonatal and intensive care, emergency medicine and cancer therapies. B UMCT is staffed primarily by B UMG physicians. Banner recently commenced a substantial reconstruction of a major portion of B UMCT. See RECENTLY COMPLETED TRANSACTIONS AND PROJECTS, CURRENT PROJECTS AND FUTURE PLANS. A-11

88 B UMCS, owned by Pima County and leased to B UMCS, LLC, is a comprehensive medical center that includes an emergency department, a state-designated trauma center and a Behavioral Health Pavilion. The specialty services of B UMCS include inpatient and outpatient behavioral health, treatment and education for diabetes, innovative geriatrics care and comprehensive orthopedics. A major teaching affiliate of COM-T, B UMCS is staffed primarily by B UMG physicians. The following chart provides additional information about B UMCT and B UMCS: Banner Greater Tucson Area Hospitals Location Tucson, Arizona Tucson, Arizona Facilities Banner University Medical Center Tucson Banner University Medical Center South Hospital Licensed Beds 12/31/15 LTC/Rehab/ Behavioral/ SNF Licensed Beds 12/31/15 Owned/ Leased % of Banner Revenue for Year Ended 12/31/15 % of Banner Operating Income for Year Ended 12/31/ Owned 8.0 (14.9) Leased since (7.1) The following is a description of certain relationships in which the Obligated Group participates in the Greater Tucson area: University of Arizona College of Medicine Tucson Academic Affiliation In connection with the UAHN Transaction, Banner entered into a number of long-term contractual commitments to support academic medicine in Tucson and Phoenix, and enhance the Tucson academic clinical enterprise. These commitments are contained in the merger documents providing for the UAHN Transaction, and in a 30-year Academic Affiliation Agreement ( AAA ) with the Arizona Board of Regents, acting on behalf of the University of Arizona. First, upon closing of the UAHN Transaction in February, 2015, Banner paid $677.8 million to UAHN which payment, together with cash and investments available to UAHN, was in turn used by UAHN to: (a) defease all of the long-term debt of UAHN and its subsidiaries, totaling approximately $360 million; (b) pay certain outstanding liabilities of UAHN to UA; and (c) contribute $261 million to an Academic Enhancement Fund trust established by UA (which itself contributed $39 million to the fund, for a total of initial funding of $300 million), which will provide $20 million of annual support for academic enhancements, faculty recruitment and program development at COM-T and COM-P for the 30-year term of the AAA. In addition, Banner agreed to expend at least $500 million on or before February 28, 2020, on capital projects to support the clinical enterprise, including the expansion and renovation of B UMCT and construction of a new multi-specialty outpatient clinic and ambulatory surgery center on a site north of B UMCT. Banner has commenced the B UMCT capital project. See RECENTLY COMPLETED TRANSACTIONS AND PROJECTS, CURRENT PROJECTS AND FUTURE PLANS. Second, under the AAA, Banner committed: (a) to fund such additional amounts as are needed to fund the annual $20 million support payments during the 30-year term of the AAA in the event that the Academic Enhancement Fund and earnings thereon are insufficient to do so; and (b) subject to certain adjustments, provide mission support and funds flow in (1) a minimum amount of $151.3 million, plus (2) the greater of $6.0 million or 0.4% of the net operating revenue of B UMCP, B UMCT, B UMCS and B UMG, plus (3) a variable amount equal to one-half of the net operating income of B UMCP, B UMCT, B UMCS and B UMG in excess of a 5% operating margin. The AAA also requires the continuation of key services and programs provided in Tucson until February 28, 2020, and a prohibition A-12

89 on the sale, closure or conversion to for-profit status for B UMCT and B UMCP until 2025, subject to certain exceptions. The amount of annual guaranteed funding under the AAA, $151.3 million, was based upon the aggregate level of funding provided by UAHN and Banner to UA or otherwise in support of their respective academic programs and faculty physicians in their respective 2013 fiscal years, which was approximately $131.3 million, plus an incremental annual funding commitment of $20.0 million. The guaranteed funding is required to be applied to fund expenses that had been covered by the prior funding provided by UAHN and Banner. The amount of guaranteed funding under the AAA is subject to certain adjustments based upon increases or decreases in graduate medical education funding provided by the Medicare and Medicaid programs, and support from the Arizona legislature. The funding is also subject to renegotiation at the fifteenth year of the term of the AAA. Additional financial support for the faculty is provided by the purchase of physician services by Banner from B UMG required by Banner for operation of its facilities and other services. The AAA designated the University of Arizona as the primary academic affiliate of Banner in Arizona, and Banner as the primary clinical teaching affiliate of both COM-T and COM-P. B UMG is the organization through which substantially all of the faculty of COM-T (excluding independent physicians) are required to practice medicine, and B UMG physicians provide the staffing for the University of Arizona Cancer Center s Tucson facilities, a National Cancer Institute designated cancer center. Banner University Medical Center South Campus Lease B UMCS is owned by Pima County and was formerly operated as a public county hospital. The facility was leased in 2004 to University Physicians Healthcare (now known as B UMG). Under the lease, which was most recently amended and restated in 2011 (the B UMCS Lease ), and assumed by B UMCS, LLC in the UAHN Transaction, Pima County is responsible for most capital expenditures necessary for the operation of the hospital, and B UMCS, LLC is obligated to maintain certain clinical services, fund the necessary information technology infrastructure, repair and maintenance, and continuation of graduate medical education programs at the facility. A significant portion of the facility is used by Pima County for its psychiatric civil commitment proceedings. Under a separate short-term Agreement Relating to Operation and Funding ( Funding Agreement ), Pima County has provided funding to the Arizona Board of Regents ( ABOR ), the entity that oversees UA, to be used as deemed appropriate by ABOR. ABOR has, pursuant to an intergovernmental agreement ( IGA ), transferred portions of this annual funding to AHCCCS to enable B UMCS and B UMCT to receive supplemental graduate medical education and disproportionate share funding through the Medicaid program. The funding provided by Pima County was $15 million in the fiscal year that ended on June 30, 2015, but has been reduced to $12.5 million in Neither future funding by Pima County nor a continuation of the IGA is assured, and either ABOR or Banner has the right to terminate the Funding Agreement without cause on one-year s notice. The B UMCS Lease will automatically terminate if the Funding Agreement or the IGA are terminated. Greater Tucson Metropolitan Service Area The City of Tucson, located approximately 115 miles southeast of Phoenix, is the second-largest city in the State of Arizona and the only metropolitan area in Pima County, Arizona. The Greater Tucson metropolitan area has a cross section of employers, with heavy emphasis in services, trade, government (including UA), military, mining and manufacturing. The following chart A-13

90 describes the population growth in the Pima-Pinal Service areas from 2011 to 2016, and projected through Historic and Projected Pima-Pinal Population Growth Historic Projected Annual % Annual % Growth Growth Pima Pinal Service Area 1,026,664 1,038, % 1,081, % Source: Claritas via Truven. Following is a map of Tucson and adjoining cities, which includes the location of acute care facilities for Banner and its competitors. A-14

91 Pima and Pinal Counties Service Area Acute Care Facilities Inpatient Utilization and Market Share Information The following table sets forth general acute care hospital facilities in the Tucson metropolitan area (excluding Veterans Administration, military and Indian Health Services facilities) and their inpatient cases for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2014 and 2015 (January-June). The total inpatient statistics in the chart include acute care patients (but exclude normal newborn cases) and acute behavioral patients at general acute care hospitals and exclude long-term care, skilled nursing facility or freestanding rehabilitation and freestanding psychiatric hospital patients. Although Banner Casa Grande Medical Center is located in Pinal County, it is not included in the table because it is included in the table describing the Maricopa-Pinal County Facility Inpatient Market Share table above. A-15

92 Pima-Pinal County Facility Inpatient Market Share by Health System and Facility (Jan-Jun) (Jan-Jun) Cases % Cases % Cases % Banner Health Banner University Medical Center Tucson (1) 23, % 22, % 11, % Banner University Medical Center South (2) 7, % 7, % 4, % Banner Total 30, % 30, % 15, % Carondelet (3) St. Joseph s (Tucson) 15, % 16, % 8, % St Mary s 10, % 11, % 5, % Subtotal 26, % 27, % 14, % Northwest HC Northwest 18, % 16, % 8, % Oro Valley 5, % 5, % 2, % Subtotal 23, % 21, % 11, % TMC Tucson Medical Center 31, % 30, % 16, % Independent Green Valley Hospital 0.00% 0.00% % TOTAL 111, % 111, % 57, % Data Source: ADHS Inpatient Discharge Database Note: Excludes Normal Newborns, freestanding rehabilitation facilities, and behavioral health facilities. (1) In February 2015, University of Arizona Medical Center University Campus was acquired by Banner and renamed Banner University Medical Center Tucson. (2) In February 2015, University of Arizona Medical Center South Campus was acquired by Banner and renamed Banner University Medical Center South. (3) On September 1, 2015, a joint venture consisting of subsidiaries of Tenet Healthcare Corporation, Dignity Health and Ascension acquired Carondelet Health Network. Western Region Banner s Western Region facilities and operations in northeastern Colorado, eastern Nebraska and southern and central Wyoming offer a broad range of hospital and other healthcare services including acute care, a regional burn center, a Level II trauma center, emergency medical transport and air evacuation services, ambulatory, home care, geriatric/skilled nursing, cardiovascular, oncology, pediatrics, and orthopedics. Banner s Western Region also includes acute care hospitals operating in Alaska, Arizona, California and Nevada and a long-term care facility in Alaska. Banner s operations in Alaska are expected to be transferred out of Banner at the end of The following chart provides additional information about Banner s Western Region hospitals and other facilities and services: A-16

93 Western Region Hospitals Location Facilities Hospital Licensed Beds 12/31/15 LTC/Rehab/ Behavioral/ SNF Licensed Beds 12/31/15 Home Care Ambulatory Services Owned/ Leased % of Banner Revenue for Year Ended 12/31/15 % of Banner Operating Income for Year Ended 12/31/15 Greeley, Colorado North Colorado Medical Center X X Leased since Fairbanks, Alaska (1) Loveland, Colorado Fallon, Nevada Sterling, Colorado Susanville, California Fairbanks Memorial Hospital and Home Care McKee Medical Center Banner Churchill Community Hospital Sterling Regional MedCenter Banner Lassen Medical Center X X Leased Since (4) X X Owned X Owned (2) X Owned X Owned Brush, Colorado East Morgan County Hospital X Leased since Torrington, Wyoming Worland, Wyoming Community Hospital Washakie Medical Center X Owned X Page, Arizona Page Hospital X Wheatland, Wyoming Platte County Memorial Hospital X Leased since 1949 Leased since 1982 Leased since (4) Fort Collins, Colorado Ogallala, Nebraska Banner Fort Collins Medical Center (3) Ogallala Community Hospital X Owned 0.2 (15.6) X Leased since (1) Banner operations in Alaska are expected to be transferred out of Banner at the end of See OBLIGATED GROUP HOSPITAL FACILITIES AND SERVICES - Western Region Joint Ventures and Other Relationships herein. (2) Although the facility was built by, and is owned by Banner, it is located on real property leased from Churchill County since 1993 for an initial term of 50 years. (3) Opened April (4) Due to the terms of each facility s lease, a smaller portion of corporate costs are allocated to these facilities compared to other Banner facilities. A-17

94 Western Region Joint Ventures and Other Relationships The following is a brief description of certain joint ventures and other relationships in which the Obligated Group participates in the Western Region: North Colorado Medical Center Lease The largest facility in Banner s Western Region, North Colorado Medical Center ( NCMC ) in Greeley, Colorado, has been leased since 1995 by Banner pursuant to an Operating Agreement, as amended (the Operating Agreement ) from NCMC, Inc., the former operator of the facility, which in turn leases it from a board of trustees appointed by Weld County, Colorado. The term of the Operating Agreement expires in 2027 but may be terminated prior to expiration if Banner fails to meet certain performance criteria in the operation of the facility relating to patient satisfaction, employee engagement, and physician satisfaction. Under the Operating Agreement, Banner has full operational responsibility for the facility, subject to NCMC, Inc. s approval of the annual capital and operating budgets for the facility. All employees in the facility (including management) are Banner employees. NCMC, Inc. is obligated to provide the capital required for physical plant and capital equipment. Capital expenditures by NCMC, Inc. are subject to Banner approval, but Banner was obligated to approve facility infrastructure expenditures totaling $60 million from 2012 through 2016, and is obligated to approve other capital expenditures totaling at least $16 million per year for the term of the Operating Agreement. Banner pays NCMC, Inc. annual rent equal to the sum of (1) basic rent equal to the total asset depreciation expense of NCMC, Inc. related to the facility, and (2) additional rent equal to 8% (4% for the $60 million of infrastructure improvements) of the net book value of NCMC, Inc. s assets related to the facility. Banner will pay additional rent of $1.0 million annually through In 2015, the annual rent payment by Banner to NCMC, Inc. totaled approximately $35 million. NCMC, Inc. was required to pay Banner to compensate Banner for indigent care provided at the facility the sums of $2.0 million, $3.0 million, $4.0 million in 2012, 2013 and 2014, respectively, and is required to pay $5.0 million during each subsequent year. Banner has also guaranteed scheduled debt service on outstanding long-term indebtedness of NCMC, Inc. incurred to finance capital improvements to NCMC, but the annual amount of the guarantee is limited to the annual amount of the rent payment otherwise payable under the Operating Agreement, and the guarantee terminates if the Operating Agreement terminates. In addition, the Operating Agreement requires that substantially all other healthcare operations conducted by Banner in Weld County be included in the facility covered by the Operating Agreement. Washakie Medical Center Lease Washakie Medical Center ( WMC ) is a 25-bed critical access hospital in Worland Wyoming that has been leased by a governmental subdivision of Washakie County ( County ) to Banner since Prior to May, 2015, Banner had paid rent of approximately $300,000 per year. In connection with the issuance of bonds by the County to substantially renovate and expand WMC, the lease was amended and restated to require Banner to pay rent of $2 million per year through 2029, at which time the rent will be reduced to approximately $500,000 per year. Most of the rent paid by Banner through 2029 will be applied by the County to fund debt service on the bonds issued by the County to fund the renovation and expansion of WMC. The amended and restated lease also obligates Banner to maintain, replace and upgrade hospital equipment at WMC to a standard equivalent to similarly situated critical access hospitals. Fairbanks Memorial Hospital, Denali Center, and Tanana Valley Medical Surgical Group, Inc. Fairbanks Memorial Hospital ( Fairbanks ), Fairbanks, Alaska, together with an adjoining longterm care facility, Denali Center had been leased by Banner since 1968 from The Greater Fairbanks Community Hospital Foundation, Incorporated (the Fairbanks Foundation ). The term of the lease (the Fairbanks Lease ), also includes the tangible assets of Tanana Valley Medical-Surgical Group, Inc., a physician group practice administered through Banner Medical Group. A-18

95 Following discussions with respect to certain financial and operating issues pertaining to the Fairbanks operations, Banner exercised its right to terminate the Fairbanks Lease in December The termination date of the lease is December 31, 2016, at which time the Fairbanks Foundation (or an affiliate thereof) will assume responsibility for all healthcare operations now conducted by Banner in Alaska. The Fairbanks Lease does not have detailed provisions addressing termination of the lease, and the Fairbanks Foundation and Banner are currently negotiating a Lease Termination Agreement providing for the transition of operations in more detail, but no agreement has yet been reached. Banner will continue to operate Fairbanks and Denali Center through the end of 2016, and the Fairbanks Foundation will continue to be obligated to provide all capital required for the physical plant and capital equipment, as well as certain transition costs associated with the change in operations. Banner s guarantee of scheduled debt service on outstanding long-term indebtedness of the Fairbanks Foundation incurred to finance capital improvements to Fairbanks and Denali Center, will terminate simultaneously with the termination of the Fairbanks Lease. See Note 11 to the audited consolidated financial statements set forth in Appendix B. Banner anticipates that the termination of the Fairbanks Lease will result in a reduction of operating income of approximately $12.2 million in Western Region Service Area The majority of the Western Region service area is located within northern and northeastern Colorado. As illustrated in the following chart, Larimer County and Weld County, the locations of Banner s two largest facilities in Colorado, experienced annual growth rates of 1.5% and 1.0% respectively between 2011 and Weld County is projected to grow at an annual rate of 1.7% between 2016 and 2021 with Larimer County s annual growth projected at 1.5%. The remaining counties in Colorado are projected to experience only slight population growth or mild declines. Goshen and Platte Counties in Wyoming are projected to see slight growth. The remaining counties are projected to remain relatively flat or decline in population. The following table illustrates historic and projected population by state and county for the Banner facility locations in the Western Region: Western Region Historic and Projected Population Growth by State and County Historic Annual % Growth 2021 Projected Annual % Growth State/Place Colorado Larimer 297, , % 352, % Weld 257, , % 304, % Logan 20,918 22, % 22, % Morgan 28,367 28, % 29, % Nebraska Keith 7,943 7, % 7, % Wyoming Goshen 13,459 13, % 13, % Platte 8,797 8, % 9, % Washakie 8,548 8, % 8, % California Lassen 35,106 31, % 29, % Nevada Churchill 24,805 24, % 23, % Source: Claritas via Truven. A-19

96 The following map shows the acute care facility locations for Banner and its competitors. Northern Colorado, Southern Wyoming and Western Nebraska Acute Care Facilities Generally, the northern Colorado market is split between Banner and the University of Colorado Health (formerly Poudre Valley Health System) ( UCH ). Banner entered the Fort Collins portion of the Front Range market when it opened Banner Fort Collins Medical Center, a 22-bed hospital in April Poudre Valley Health System and the University of Colorado Hospital finalized a joint operating agreement in early The UCH Poudre Valley Hospital in Fort Collins and UCH Medical Center of the Rockies in Loveland are responsible for more than 50% of the acute inpatient discharges in the northern Colorado market. In addition to inpatient services, UCH has built a multi-specialty medical group that employs roughly 200 physicians in 28 clinics serving the Front Range as well as in Cheyenne, Wyoming and Sterling, Colorado. UCH also owns and operates a hospital in Denver and two hospitals in Colorado Springs. In addition to UCH, the principal Colorado health systems are Centura (14 hospitals), HealthOne (6 hospitals) and Sisters of Charity of Leavenworth Health System (formerly Exempla) (3 hospitals). Most of the facilities owned by these three systems are located in the Denver and Colorado Springs metropolitan areas. In rural Colorado there are numerous small independent hospitals, each with less than 50 beds. Banner Churchill Community Hospital and Banner Lassen Medical Center are located in Fallon, Nevada, and Susanville, California, respectively. Both Banner facilities refer patients requiring higher levels of service to facilities in Reno, Nevada. A-20