Not-for-Profit Entities (Topic 958)

Transcription

1 Proposed Accounting Standards Update Issued: July 23, 2012 Comments Due: September 20, 2012 Not-for-Profit Entities (Topic 958) Personnel Services Received from an Affiliate for Which the Affiliate Does Not Seek Compensation a consensus of the FASB Emerging Issues Task Force This Exposure Draft of a proposed Accounting Standards Update of Topic 958 is issued by the Board for public comment. Written comments should be addressed to: Technical Director File Reference No. EITF-12B

2 The FASB Accounting Standards Codification is the source of authoritative generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) recognized by the FASB to be applied by nongovernmental entities. An Accounting Standards Update is not authoritative; rather, it is a document that communicates how the Accounting Standards Codification is being amended. It also provides other information to help a user of GAAP understand how and why GAAP is changing and when the changes will be effective. Notice to Recipients of This Exposure Draft of a Proposed Accounting Standards Update The Board invites comments on all matters in this Exposure Draft and is requesting comments by September 20, Interested parties may submit comments in one of two ways: ing a written letter to director@fasb.org, File Reference No. EITF- 12B Sending written comments to Technical Director, File Reference No. EITF-12B, FASB, 401 Merritt 7, PO Box 5116, Norwalk, CT Do not send responses by fax. All comments received are part of the FASB s public file. The FASB will make all comments publicly available by posting them to the online public reference room portion of its website. An electronic copy of this Exposure Draft is available on the FASB s website. Copyright 2012 by Financial Accounting Foundation. All rights reserved. Permission is granted to make copies of this work provided that such copies are for personal or intraorganizational use only and are not sold or disseminated and provided further that each copy bears the following credit line: Copyright 2012 by Financial Accounting Foundation. All rights reserved. Used by permission. Financial Accounting Standards Board of the Financial Accounting Foundation 401 Merritt 7, PO Box 5116, Norwalk, Connecticut

3 Proposed Accounting Standards Update Not-for-Profit Entities (Topic 958) Personnel Services Received from an Affiliate for Which the Affiliate Does Not Seek Compensation July 23, 2012 Comment Deadline: September 20, 2012 CONTENTS Page Numbers Summary and Questions for Respondents Amendments to the FASB Accounting Standards Codification Background Information and Basis for Conclusions Amendments to the XBRL Taxonomy... 17

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5 Summary and Questions for Respondents Why Is the FASB Issuing This Proposed Accounting Standards Update (Update)? The revenue recognition guidance for not-for-profit entities requires that contributed services be recognized at fair value if employees of separately governed affiliated entities regularly perform services (in other than an advisory capacity) for and under the direction of the donee. In addition, that guidance indicates that only those contributed services that (1) create or enhance nonfinancial assets or (2) require specialized skills, are provided by individuals possessing those skills, and typically would need to be purchased if not provided by donation should be recognized. A contribution is defined in the Master Glossary of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification as an unconditional transfer of cash or other assets to an entity or a settlement or cancellation of its liabilities in a voluntary nonreciprocal transfer by another entity acting other than as an owner. Differing views exist in practice about whether a recipient not-forprofit entity should consider personnel services received from an affiliate as a contribution and apply the above contributed services guidance. The objective of the amendments in this proposed Update is to resolve the diversity in practice about the guidance that not-for-profit entities should apply for recognizing and measuring personnel services received from an affiliate, that is, a party that directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with the recipient not-for-profit entity. Who Would Be Affected by the Amendments in This Proposed Update? The amendments in this proposed Update would apply to the standalone financial statements of not-for-profit entities, including not-for-profit businessoriented health care entities, that receive personnel services from an affiliate and for which the affiliate does not seek compensation from the recipient not-for-profit entity. What Are the Main Provisions? The amendments in this proposed Update would require a recipient not-for-profit entity to recognize in its standalone financial statements all personnel services received from an affiliate that directly benefit the recipient not-for-profit entity. Those services would be measured at the cost recognized by the affiliate for the personnel providing those services. A not-for-profit entity that provides a 1

6 performance indicator (analogous to income from continuing operations of a forprofit entity) would report the increase in net assets associated with personnel services received from an affiliate and for which the affiliate does not seek compensation as an equity transfer, regardless of whether those services are received from a not-for-profit affiliate entity or a for-profit affiliate entity. For other not-for-profit entities that do not present a performance indicator, this proposed Update would not prescribe presentation guidance for the increase in net assets associated with personnel services received from an affiliate other than prohibiting reporting as a contra-expense or a contra-asset. All not-for-profit entities would report the corresponding decrease in net assets or the creation or enhancement of an asset resulting from the use of personnel services received from an affiliate similar to how other such expenses and assets are reported. The proposed amendments also specify that Subtopic , Related Party Disclosures Overall, would apply to personnel services received from an affiliate. How Would the Main Provisions Differ from Current U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) and Why Would They Be an Improvement? The amendments in this proposed Update would improve current U.S. GAAP by requiring all not-for-profit entities that receive personnel services from an affiliate and for which the affiliate does not seek compensation to apply the same recognition and measurement basis, thus reducing diversity in practice and enhancing comparability of financial information. The proposed amendments also would enhance transparency about the total program and supporting costs incurred by the recipient not-for-profit entity. When Would the Amendments Be Effective? The amendments in this proposed Update would be applied on a prospective basis. An entity would be provided with an option to apply the proposed amendments under a modified retrospective approach in which all prior periods presented upon the date of adoption would be adjusted, but no adjustment would be made to the beginning balance of net assets of the earliest period presented. Early adoption would be permitted. The effective date will be determined after the Task Force considers stakeholder feedback on the proposed Update. 2

7 How Do the Proposed Provisions Compare with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS)? IFRS does not provide industry-specific guidance for not-for-profit entities, including personnel services received from an affiliate. Questions for Respondents The Board invites individuals and organizations to comment on all matters in this proposed Update, particularly on the issues and questions below. Comments are requested from those who agree with the proposed guidance as well as from those who do not agree. Comments are most helpful if they identify and clearly explain the issue or question to which they relate. Those who disagree with the proposed guidance are asked to describe their suggested alternatives, supported by specific reasoning. Question 1: Do you agree that the scope of this proposed Update should be limited to the standalone financial statements of not-for-profit entities that receive personnel services from an affiliate, that is, a party that, directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with the recipient not-for-profit entity? If not, please explain why. Question 2: Do you agree that a recipient not-for-profit entity should recognize all personnel services received from an affiliate that directly benefit the recipient not-for-profit entity (that is, are similar to personnel directly engaged by the recipient not-for-profit entity) but for which the affiliate does not seek compensation for the services provided? If not, please explain why. Question 3: Do you agree that a recipient not-for-profit entity should measure the personnel services received from an affiliate at the cost incurred by the affiliate? Furthermore, do you agree that, at a minimum, cost should include all direct personnel costs (for example, compensation and any payroll-related fringe benefits) incurred by the affiliate in providing the services to the recipient not-forprofit entity? If not, please explain why. Question 4: Do you agree that a recipient not-for-profit entity that presents a performance indicator (such as a not-for-profit business-oriented health care entity) should report the increase in net assets associated with personnel services received from an affiliate and for which the affiliate does not seek compensation as an equity transfer, regardless of whether those personnel services are received from a not-for-profit affiliate entity or a for-profit affiliate entity? If not, please explain why. Question 5: For a recipient not-for-profit entity that does not present a performance indicator, do you agree that presentation guidance should not be prescribed for the increase in net assets associated with personnel services 3

8 received from an affiliate other than prohibiting reporting as a contra-expense or a contra-asset? If not, please explain why. Question 6: Do you agree that, except for the related party disclosures in Subtopic , no other recurring disclosures should be required for a not-forprofit entity that receives personnel services from an affiliate? If not, please explain why. Question 7: Do you agree that a recipient not-for-profit entity should apply the proposed amendments prospectively? If not, please explain why. Question 8: Do you agree that a recipient not-for-profit entity should be provided with an option to apply the proposed amendments under a modified retrospective approach in which all prior periods presented upon the date of adoption would be adjusted but no adjustment would be made to the beginning balance of net assets of the earliest period presented? If not, please explain why. Question 9: Do you agree that a recipient not-for-profit entity should be permitted to early adopt the proposed amendments? If not, please explain why. Question 10: How much time is needed to implement the proposed amendments? Please explain. 4

9 Amendments to the FASB Accounting Standards Codification Introduction 1. The Accounting Standards Codification is amended as described in paragraphs In some cases, to put the change in context, not only are the amended paragraphs shown but also the preceding and following paragraphs. Terms from the Master Glossary are in bold type. Added text is underlined, and deleted text is struck out. Amendments to Master Glossary 2. Add the Master Glossary term Affiliate to Section as follows: Affiliate A party that, directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with an entity. Amendments to Subtopic Amend paragraph , with a link to transition paragraph , as follows: Health Care Entities Overall Overview and Background > Not-for-Profit, Business-Oriented Health Care Entities This Topic provides specific incremental reporting guidance for notfor-profit, business-oriented health care entities. The guidance in Topic 958 applies to all not-for-profit entities (NFPs), regardless of whether the entity is essentially self-sustaining from fees charged for goods and services. The following Subtopics, among others in that Topic, provide guidance that is applicable to not-for-profit, business-oriented health care entities: a. Contributions (see the Contributions Received Subsections of Subtopic ), which include all of the following: 5

10 1. Permanent endowments 2. Gifts in kind 3. Contributed utilities, facilities, or use of long-lived assets. b. Transfers to an NFP or charitable trust that raises or holds contributions for others (see the Transfers of Assets Subsections of Subtopic ) c. Contributions received by agents, trustees, and intermediaries (see the Transfers of Assets Subsections of Subtopic ) d. Split-interest agreements (see Subtopic ) e. Financial statements of NFPs (see Topic 958), which include all of the following: 1. Presentation in financial statements (see Subtopic ) 2. Statement of financial position (see Subtopic ) 3. Statement(s) of operations and changes in net assets (see Subtopic ) 4. Statement of cash flows (see Subtopic ). f. Promises to give (see Subtopic ) ff. Business combinations (see Subtopic ), which include all of the following: 1. Mergers of not-for-profit entities 2. Acquisitions by not-for-profit entities g. Consolidation (see Subtopic ). h. Personnel services received from an affiliate (see Subtopic ). Amendments to Subtopic Amend paragraph , with a link to transition paragraph , as follows: Not-for-Profit Entities Revenue Recognition Recognition Contributed services (and the related assets and expenses) shall be recognized if employees of separately governed affiliated entities regularly perform services (in other than an advisory capacity) for and under the direction of the 6one and the recognition criteria for contributed services are met. For personnel services received from an affiliate for which the affiliate does not seek compensation, the guidance in Subtopic shall be followed. 6

11 Amendments to Subtopic Amend paragraph and add paragraph and its related heading, with a link to transition paragraph , as follows: Not-for-Profit Entities Other Expenses Overview and Background General This Subtopic provides guidance on reporting expenses for {add glossary link}not-for-profit entities{add glossary link} (NFPs). The guidance in this Subtopic is presented in the following two three Subsections: a. General b. Accounting for Costs of Activities that Include Fundraising. c. Personnel Services Received from an Affiliate. Personnel Services Received from an Affiliate The Personnel Services Received from an Affiliate Subsections provide guidance for reporting personnel services received by a not-for-profit entity (NFP) from an affiliate in circumstances in which the affiliate does not seek compensation from the recipient NFP. 6. Add paragraphs through 15-8 and their related headings, with a link to transition paragraph , as follows: Scope and Scope Exceptions Personnel Services Received from an Affiliate > Overall Guidance The Personnel Services Received from an Affiliate Subsections follow the same Scope and Scope Exceptions as outlined in the General Subsections of this Subtopic, see paragraph , with specific exceptions noted below. > Entities The guidance in the Personnel Services Received from an Affiliate Subsections applies to all not-for-profit entities (NFPs) that receive personnel services from an affiliate for which the affiliate does not seek compensation from the recipient NFP. 7

12 > Transactions The guidance in the Personnel Services Received from an Affiliate Subsections applies to personnel services received from an affiliate, for which the affiliate does not seek compensation from the recipient NFP. Seeking compensation generally would mean seeking the recovery of at least a substantial amount of the direct personnel costs (for example, compensation and any payroll-related fringe benefits) incurred by the affiliate in providing the services to the recipient NFP. The guidance does not address transactions between affiliates in other circumstances. 7. Add paragraph and its related heading, with a link to transition paragraph , as follows: Recognition Personnel Services Received from an Affiliate A not-for-profit entity (NFP) shall recognize in its standalone financial statements all personnel services received from an affiliate that directly benefit the recipient NFP (that is, are similar to personnel directly engaged by the recipient NFP). For example, that would include personnel services performed for and under the direction of the recipient NFP and shared services. Shared services generally refers to services provided by a centralized function of one or more individuals within the affiliate group that otherwise typically would need to be purchased or donated, if not provided by those personnel. 8. Add paragraph and its related heading, with a link to transition paragraph , as follows: Initial Measurement Personnel Services Received from an Affiliate Personnel services received from an affiliate for which the affiliate does not seek compensation from the recipient not-for-profit entity (NFP) shall be measured by the recipient NFP at the cost recognized by the affiliate in providing those services. Although the components of cost would depend on the nature and type of services provided and could vary from entity to entity, at a minimum, cost should include all direct personnel costs (for example, compensation and any payroll-related fringe benefits) incurred by the affiliate in providing the services to the recipient NFP. 9. Add paragraphs through and their related heading, with a link to transition paragraph , as follows: 8

13 Other Presentation Matters Personnel Services Received from an Affiliate A not-for-profit entity (NFP) that presents a performance indicator (such as NFP business-oriented health care entities) shall follow the guidance in Subtopic to report the increase in net assets associated with personnel services received from an affiliate and for which the affiliate does not seek compensation as an equity transfer, regardless of whether those services are received from a not-for-profit affiliate entity or a for-profit affiliate entity. For other NFPs that do not present a performance indicator, this Subtopic does not provide presentation guidance for the increase in net assets associated with personnel services received from an affiliate other than prohibiting reporting as a contra-expense or a contra-asset The corresponding decrease in net assets or the creation or enhancement of an asset resulting from the use of personnel services received from an affiliate shall be reported similar to how other such expenses and assets are reported by not-for-profit business-oriented health care entities under Topic 954 and other NFPs under Topic Add paragraph and its related heading, with a link to transition paragraph , as follows: Disclosure Personnel Services Received from an Affiliate The disclosures in Subtopic shall be provided for personnel services received by a not-for-profit entity from an affiliate. 11. Add paragraph and its related heading as follows: > Transition Related to Accounting Standards Update No XX, Not-for- Profit Entities (Topic 958): Personnel Services Received from an Affiliate for Which the Affiliate Does Not Seek Compensation The following represents the transition and effective date information related to Accounting Standards Update No XX, Not-for-Profit Entities (Topic 958): Personnel Services Received from an Affiliate for Which the Affiliate Does Not Seek Compensation: a. An entity shall apply the pending content that links to this paragraph in either of the following ways: 1. Prospectively for fiscal years ending after [date to be inserted after exposure] and interim and annual periods thereafter 9

14 2. Using a modified retrospective approach in which all prior periods presented upon the date of adoption would be adjusted but no adjustment would be made to the beginning balance of net assets of the earliest period presented. b. Early adoption of the pending content that links to this paragraph is permitted. c. An entity shall provide the disclosures in paragraphs through 50-3 in the period that the entity adopts the pending content that links to this paragraph. The amendments in this proposed Update were approved for publication by the unanimous vote of the seven members of the Financial Accounting Standards Board: Leslie F. Seidman, Chairman Daryl E. Buck Russell G. Golden Thomas J. Linsmeier R. Harold Schroeder Marc A. Siegel Lawrence W. Smith 10

15 Background Information and Basis for Conclusions Introduction BC1. The following summarizes the Task Force s considerations in reaching the conclusions in this proposed Update. It includes the Board s basis for ratifying the Task Force conclusions when needed to supplement the Task Force s considerations. It also includes reasons for accepting certain approaches and rejecting others. Individual Task Force and Board members gave greater weight to some factors than to others. Background Information BC2. Not-for-profit entities within an affiliate group often operate under arrangements that provide for the engagement of personnel and their deployment or use for common purposes and projects among the affiliate entities. For example, an entity within an affiliate group may engage personnel who provide services to affiliate not-for-profit entities. These personnel may provide core program services for the recipient not-for-profit affiliate entity or may be involved in supporting management or fund-raising activities. Although the compensation and benefits of these personnel are paid for by the contributing entity, it does not seek compensation from the recipient not-for-profit affiliate entity for those personnel costs. BC3. Subtopic provides guidance on the accounting for contributed services, including those performed by employees of affiliated entities. The guidance on contributed services was codified from FASB Statement No. 116, Accounting for Contributions Received and Contributions Made, and the AICPA Audit and Accounting Guide, Not-for-Profit Entities. For affiliated entities, the guidance in paragraph requires that contributed services (and the related assets and expenses) be recognized if employees of separately governed affiliated entities regularly perform services in other than an advisory capacity for and under the direction of the donee. 1 In addition, similar to the criteria in paragraph for recognizing contributions of services from external donors, the guidance in paragraph indicates that only those contributed services that (a) create or enhance nonfinancial assets or (b) require specialized skills, that are provided by individuals possessing those skills, and that typically would need to be purchased if not provided by donation should be recognized. Paragraph provides that contributions received should 1 The term affiliated entities, as used in paragraph , is not defined. 11

16 be measured at fair value. The basis for conclusions of Statement 116 indicates that the recognition of contributed services was limited to services requiring specialized skills or creation or enhancement of nonfinancial assets mainly because of the difficulty involved in placing a monetary value on donated services and the absence of control over those performing the services. BC4. A contribution is defined in the Master Glossary as an unconditional transfer of cash or other assets to an entity or a settlement or cancellation of its liabilities in a voluntary nonreciprocal transfer by another entity acting other than as an owner. Some stakeholders raised concerns about whether the measure of control inherent in an affiliate relationship and information available to the affiliate about the cost of the personnel services provided justify recognition and measurement bases that are different from the guidance in Subtopic for voluntary services contributed by external donors. Those concerns have led to diversity in practice. For example, some not-for-profit entities recognize only those personnel services received from an affiliate that meet the criteria in Subtopic However, some other not-for-profit entities recognize all personnel services received from an affiliate, regardless of whether the criteria for contributed services in Subtopic are met. Furthermore, some not-forprofit entities measure personnel services received from an affiliate at the amount of cost recognized by the affiliate for the personnel providing those services without considering the fair value, if different from cost, of those services. Scope and Other Considerations BC5. The Task Force decided to limit the scope of this proposed Update to the standalone financial statements of not-for-profit entities that receive personnel services from an affiliate and for which the affiliate does not seek compensation from the recipient not-for-profit entity. The scope of this proposed Update would apply regardless of whether the personnel services are received from a not-forprofit affiliate entity or a for-profit affiliate entity. In considering the scope, the Task Force observed that paragraph provides guidance for contributed services received from employees of affiliated entities and precludes services that are not specialized or that do not create or enhance assets from being recognized. The Task Force determined that concerns about the scope and requirements of that guidance and the diversity in application justify limiting this proposed Update only to personnel services received from an affiliate. BC6. The Task Force agreed that personnel services received from affiliates are fundamentally different transactions than voluntary services contributed by external donors and thus require different accounting treatment. The Task Force reached a consensus-for-exposure that paragraph should be replaced with guidance that would require a not-for-profit entity to recognize in its standalone financial statements all personnel services received from an affiliate 12

17 that directly benefit the recipient not-for-profit entity. Those services would be measured at the cost recognized by the affiliate for the personnel providing those services. BC7. The Task Force discussed whether the term regularly perform, as used in paragraph , should be retained and used in the proposed amendments to determine significance when identifying the affiliate employee services to be recognized. The Task Force determined that the term should not be retained, noting that, in general, accounting guidance need not be applied to immaterial items. BC8. In arriving at its consensus-for-exposure, the Task Force noted stakeholders concerns that not recognizing personnel services received from an affiliate in the financial statements of the recipient not-for-profit entity results in an understatement of resources available to the recipient not-for-profit entity and its related expenses for program services and supporting activities. Such information is relevant to users of a not-for-profit entity, particularly donors and grantors. The Task Force observed that the recognition criteria in Subtopic were based, in large part, on the difficulty of placing a monetary value on donated services and the absence of control over those performing the services. The situations addressed in this proposed Update are different because those providing the services are personnel engaged by an affiliate and that affiliate can provide the actual cost information for the services provided for the recipient notfor-profit entity. BC9. The Task Force determined that only personnel transactions between affiliates should be included within the scope of this proposed Update. The Master Glossary defines an affiliate as a party that, directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with an entity. Because one of the characteristics that distinguish a not-for-profit entity from a business entity is the absence of ownership interests like those of business entities, the guidance in Subtopic , Not-for-Profit Entities Consolidation, was considered to determine what constitutes control in a not-forprofit environment. That Subtopic defines control as the direct or indirect ability to determine the direction of management and policies through ownership, contract, or otherwise and indicates that control may be evidenced in various ways, including a majority voting interest in the board, sole corporate membership, or through contract or affiliation agreement. The Task Force believes that the broad definition of control included in the definition of an affiliate, which includes control by contract or otherwise, would address entities intended to be included in the scope of the proposed guidance. Furthermore, because information about the cost of personnel services provided by an entity that controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with the recipient notfor-profit entity is likely to be readily available, the Task Force believes that including affiliates, as defined, within the scope of the proposed guidance would meet the cost-benefit objective. In addition, the measure of control inherent in an 13

18 affiliate relationship distinguishes such personnel transactions from voluntary services contributed by external donors to justify recognition and measurement bases that are different from paragraph BC10. For not-for-profit entities that present a performance indicator (analogous to income from continuing operations of a for-profit entity), the Task Force agreed that personnel services received from an affiliate and for which the affiliate does not seek compensation would meet the definition of an equity transfer. Therefore, the Task Force determined that a not-for-profit entity that provides a performance indicator (such as a not-for-profit business-oriented health care entity) would report the increase in net assets associated with personnel services received from an affiliate as an equity transfer. The guidance in paragraph indicates that equity transfers should be reported separately as changes in net assets, that the transfers are excluded from the performance indicator, and that they do not result in any step-up in the basis of the underlying assets transferred. As defined in the Master Glossary, equity transfers can occur only between related not-for-profit entities (NFPs) if one controls the other or both are under common control. Therefore, a strict interpretation of the definition would appear to suggest that if a not-for-profit business-oriented health care entity receives personnel services from a for-profit affiliate entity, the transaction should not be reported as an equity transfer. The Task Force clarified that for purposes of the proposed guidance, a not-for-profit entity that provides a performance indicator would report the increase in net assets associated with personnel services received from an affiliate and for which the affiliate does not seek compensation as an equity transfer, regardless of whether those services are received from a not-for-profit affiliate entity or a for-profit affiliate entity. BC11. For other not-for-profit entities that do not present a performance indicator, the Task Force determined that, consistent with the presentation discussions in paragraphs through 45-12, the consensus-forexposure would not prescribe whether the increase in net assets associated with personnel services received from an affiliate should be included within or outside an intermediate measure of operations, if one is presented. For those other notfor-profit entities that do not present a performance indicator, the Task Force also decided not to require separate line-item presentation because it believes that the required note disclosures under Subtopic would provide adequate information about amounts recognized. However, the Task Force decided to prohibit presentation of the increase in net assets associated with personnel services received from an affiliate as a contra-expense or a contra-asset because that presentation would adversely affect transparency. BC12. For all not-for-profit entities, the Task Force determined that the corresponding decrease in net assets or the creation or enhancement of an asset resulting from the use of personnel services received from an affiliate would be reported similar to how other such expenses and assets are reported because it would make the financial reports of recipient not-for-profit entities more consistent with those that are actually billed for the employee services. 14

19 Transition and Early Adoption BC13. The Task Force reached a consensus-for-exposure that the amendments in this proposed Update should be applied prospectively. The Task Force noted that the information needed to apply the consensus retrospectively may not always be readily available or determinable and may result in implementation difficulties and costs that would outweigh the benefits of improved comparability of financial statements. If a not-for-profit entity has the information to apply the amendments in this proposed Update retrospectively, the Task Force decided to provide an option to apply the amendments in this proposed Update using a modified retrospective approach in which all prior periods presented upon the date of adoption would be adjusted, but no adjustment would be made to the beginning balance of net assets of the earliest period presented. The option for a modified retrospective transition would provide not-for-profit entities with the ability to present consistent accounting for similar transactions occurring in prior periods presented, thereby facilitating comparability within the entity s financial statements. BC14. The Task Force decided to permit early adoption of the proposed amendments to eliminate existing diversity as soon as is practicable. Benefits and Costs BC15. The objective of financial reporting is to provide information that is useful to present and potential donors, creditors, investors, and other capital market participants in making rational investment, credit, and similar resource allocation decisions. However, the benefits of providing information for that purpose should justify the related costs. Present and potential donors, creditors, investors, and other users of financial information benefit from improvements in financial reporting, while the costs to implement new guidance are borne primarily by those that presently provide resources to the reporting not-for-profit entity. The Board s assessment of the costs and benefits of issuing new guidance is unavoidably more qualitative than quantitative because there is no method to objectively measure the costs to implement new guidance or to quantify the value of improved information in financial statements. BC16. In addition to affiliates, the Task Force considered whether personnel transactions with affiliated entities, financially interrelated entities, or all related parties, where one entity has the ability to influence, but not necessarily control, the operating and financial decisions of the other entity also should be included within the scope of this proposed Update. Because some of the criteria may not be applicable or operational to apply in the context of personnel services received and concerns that cost information may not be readily available or shared in circumstances in which control does not exist, the Task Force believes 15

20 that limiting the scope of this proposed Update to affiliates meets the cost-benefit objective. BC17. The Task Force considered alternate views that required measurement of some or all of the personnel services received from an affiliate at fair value. However, the Task Force did not pursue those views because of (a) cost-benefit concerns that determining fair value under Topic 820 could be burdensome and complex and (b) concerns about the appropriateness of applying a fair value measurement model when the affiliate has the actual cost information for the personnel providing the services. BC18. The amendments in this Update would be applied prospectively, unless a not-for-profit entity elects to apply the proposed amendments under a modified retrospective approach from the beginning of the earliest prior period presented upon the date of adoption. As such, the Task Force does not anticipate that entities will incur significant costs as a result of the proposed amendments. The proposed amendments would provide the benefit of (a) increasing transparency about the total program and supporting costs incurred by a recipient not-for-profit entity and (b) enhancing consistent application of U.S. GAAP and related disclosures by utilizing information that should be readily available. 16

21 Amendments to the XBRL Taxonomy The following proposed changes to the U.S. GAAP Financial Reporting Taxonomy (UGT) would be required if the provisions of this Exposure Draft are finalized as proposed. The proposed changes to the UGT are available for public comment in the development UGT throughout the year at Changes to the UGT for final Accounting Standards Updates will be formally exposed for public comment as part of the annual release process starting in September of each year. New Element Element Name Standard Label Documentation EITF12BMember EITF12-B [Member] EITF 12-B: Not-for-Profit Entities: Personnel Services Received from an Affiliate for Which the Affiliate Does Not Seek Compensation 17