Republic of Indonesia: Strengthening National Public Procurement Processes

Transcription

1 Technical Assistance Report Project Number: Capacity Development Technical Assistance (CDTA) November 2010 Republic of Indonesia: Strengthening National Public Procurement Processes (Financed by the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction) The views expressed herein are those of the consultant and do not necessarily represent those of ADB s members, Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature.

2 CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as of 1 September 2010) Currency unit rupiah (Rp) Rp1.00 = $ $1.00 = Rp9,030 ABBREVIATIONS ADB Asian Development Bank NPPA National Public Procurement Agency TA technical assistance TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE CLASSIFICATION Type Capacity development technical assistance (CDTA) Targeting classification General intervention Sector (subsectors) Public sector management (public administration) Themes (subthemes) Governance (public administration [national, decentralized and regional]), capacity development (institutional development) Location impact National (high) NOTES (i) (ii) The fiscal year (FY) of government ends on 31 December. In this report, $ refers to US dollars. Vice-President C. Lawrence Greenwood, Jr., Operations 2 Director General K. Senga, Southeast Asia Department (SERD) Director J. A. Nugent, Indonesia Resident Mission (IRM), SERD Team leader Team member R. Budiman, Senior Financial Management Specialist, IRM, SERD O. Suyatmo, Procurement Officer, IRM, SERD In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.

3 I. INTRODUCTION 1. The Asian Development Bank's (ADB) recent Country Diagnostics Study, identifies weaknesses in governance and institutions as a critical development constraint, undermining both economic growth and poverty reduction. In response, ADB's strategic governance and anticorruption program in Indonesia is focused on public financial management, including the development of Indonesia's key institutions, the building of country systems and the mainstreaming of capacity development. At the forefront of this program is ADB's support to the establishment and institutionalization of international procurement practices at both the country and project implementation levels through support of the National Public Procurement Agency (NPPA). 2. ADB has provided the following assistance to the Government of Indonesia to improve the public procurement sector: 1 (i) developing recommendations for revisions to civil service regulations to establish a system of certification that incorporated provisions to recognize civil servants who pursue a career in procurement; (ii) producing better national regulation of procurement, presidential regulation (keputusan presiden or keppres) 80/2003, to replace the old keppres 18/2000; (iii) issuing a national standard bidding document; and (iv) producing a legal framework for the establishment of a sole institution, the National Public Procurement Agency (NPPA), with a mandate to enforce public procurement policy. The government has asked ADB to continue supporting ongoing public procurement reform. 3. The proposed technical assistance (TA) 2 is listed in ADB s country operations business plan for ADB undertook a fact-finding mission from January 2010 to design the TA. The mission reached an understanding with the government on the TA s objectives, scope, costs and financing plan, implementation arrangements, and counterpart support. The design and monitoring framework is in Appendix 1. II. ISSUES 4. Procurement reform in Indonesia was initiated in It is a key factor in reducing state budget leakage, and is intended to enhance the transparency of the public procurement system. The reform is also aimed at improving the integrity and accountability of the public procurement system through an effective and efficient procurement process. 5. Since decentralization in 2004, the environment of the national development program has changed. Regional governments have been given the authority to manage their own budgets for public spending. In fiscal year (FY) 2009, 40% of the state budget for public spending 4 was provided to regional governments. This has played a significant role in service delivery, especially since about 80% of the budget was spent through public procurement mechanisms. 6. The Decentralization Law and other regulations allow local governments and other government institutions to introduce their own procurement procedures, which often differ from each other. Consequently, the various procurement processes have resulted in unpredictable 1 ADB Technical Assistance to the Republic of Indonesia for Improving Public Procurement. Manila (TA INO); and ADB Technical Assistance to the Republic of Indonesia for Strengthening Procurement Policies, Legal Framework, and Institution. Manila (TA 3720-INO). 2 The TA first appeared in the business opportunities section of ADB s website on 12 May ADB Country Operations Business Plan: Indonesia, Manila. 4 Source: Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Negara, (APBN),

4 2 outputs. According to Indonesia s Commission for the Eradication of Corruption (Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi), potentially about Rp36 trillion or about 30% of the procurement budget is lost due to corruption each year. 5 This is likely due to the absence of a set of uniform national regulations for public sector procurement. The lack of such regulations is considered a major constraint on the government in ensuring satisfactory use of the state budget and delivery of quality public services. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a national standard for the procurement of goods, works, and services that would provide a foundation for economic, efficient, transparent, and predictable processes. This would help to achieve effective use of the state budget and delivery of quality public services, and, at the same time, reduce the opportunities for fraud, corruption, and other illegal acts. 7. On 6 December 2007, the government issued Presidential Regulation 106 to establish the National Public Procurement Agency (NPPA). The regulation mandates the NPPA as the only government institution responsible for (i) developing a national procurement policy and strategy; (ii) developing systems to support the delivery of procurement services; (iii) monitoring and evaluating the performance and delivery of procurement services; (iv) developing an adequate supply of qualified human resources, including certified procurement staff; (v) developing the NPPA as the principal source of legal; professional; and technical advice; and supporting practitioners on all procurement-related matters; and (vi) establishing an independent procurement complaints and dispute resolution body. 8. However, the NPPA is still in its infancy, and Presidential Regulation 106 is not yet mandatory for all government ministries and agencies and state-owned enterprises. A number of basic policies and procedures for an enforceable procurement system are not clearly defined in any procurement decrees or regulations. The various applicable laws, decrees, and regulations create confusion due to overlapping jurisdictions. 9. To respond to the above challenges, the NPPA must develop into an effective organization with a transparent and accountable system and with adequate capacity, i.e., organization and personnel. Through this institution-building, the NPPA s role as the only institution responsible for developing and formulating government procurement policy for nationwide implementation will eventually be strengthened. This objective must be supported by a more robust legal framework 6 than Presidential Regulation 106, and will be achieved through (i) the development of government regulations (peraturan pemerintah) that will compel all government administrations nationwide to use a standardized procurement system, and (ii) the establishment of an accountable and transparent procurement system. 10. By enforcing the use of a nationwide standardized procurement system, fiduciary risk management would be improved, while the opportunities for corruption or collusion between public officials and vendors would be significantly reduced. III. THE TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE A. Impact and Outcome 11. The impact of the TA will be improved transparency and efficiency in public procurement to promote good governance. The TA will help the government to examine the current policies 5 Source: 6 In order of hierarchy, law (undang undang) is the highest legal framework, followed by government regulation (peraturan pemerintah) and presidential regulation (peraturan presiden [perpres], which was originally called keppres [presidential regulation]).

5 3 and procedures, and update and revise the regulations, as necessary, in accordance with sound international standard practices and other appropriate procurement procedures and practices. 12. The outcome of the TA will be a strengthened NPPA in its role as the lead agency for public procurement reform. 13. The key outputs of the TA will be (i) improvement of the NPPA s institutional capacity; (ii) better-trained and more professional procurement personnel; (iii) improvement of public awareness of NPPA roles and outputs; and (iv) operationalization of integrated national e- procurement system. B. Methodology and Key Activities 14. The TA outputs will be achieved through the following activities: 1. Improving Capacity Development 15. Output 1: Improvement of the NPPA s institutional capacity. The aim is to support the strengthening and maintenance of the NPPA s institutional capabilities. The activity will involve (i) analysis of the country s public procurement system, including the legal framework, organizational responsibilities, and public procurement procedures and practices; (ii) assessment of institutional and organizational capacity in the procurement process; and (iii) development of a procurement capacity strategy, including an action plan for institutional improvement. ADB s Central Operations Services Office, Regional and Sustainable Development Department, and Controller s Department will help coordinate the implementation of the relevant capacity-building initiatives, which will be aligned with the outcome from consultants on the development of the NPPA s comprehensive organization strategy, including a business plan and in-depth institutional analysis. 16. Output 2: Better-trained and more professional procurement personnel. The aim is to strengthen the professional skills of public procurement practitioners nationwide. Decentralization has had a significant impact on the number, type, and institutions involved in procurement, which have multiplied along with the number of regional governments. This has also affected the skills of procurement staff, i.e., higher skill levels are required with the changing environment, while the level of experience is dwindling due to decentralization. There is, therefore, an urgent need to increase public procurement practitioners implementation capacity, in particular the capacity of regional governments, which is currently limited. The activity will support the capacity building of procurement personnel. This will include (i) providing training and certification programs in procurement for government officials, (ii) developing a broader curriculum and international standard qualifications, (iii) involving educational institutions in formalizing the profession, and (iv) establishing a procurement professional network for oversight and development purposes. 2. Improving Fiduciary Risk Management 17. Ouput 3: Improvement of public awareness of NPPA roles and outputs. The aim is to improve the current website to support effective and efficient delivery of public procurement information to the general public. The current website will be improved to support the dissemination of public procurement initiatives, progress, and opportunities. This will enhance public awareness of all aspects of the procurement process, including the role of the NPPA. The website will also support the national e-procurement system and its nationwide implementation,

6 4 including an English version for international bidding procedures as well as to showcase the system to the international community. 18. Output 4: Operationalization of the integrated national e-procurement system. This activity will support the deployment of a single, standard national e-procurement system. The current system will be improved to fully integrate with an oversight and monitoring system, and audit and evaluation system, among others. The enhancement of the system will also increase the capacity of users to navigate the web-based procurement system. With system improvements, procurement information should become easily accessible, thus increasing transparency, competitiveness, and efficiency. The enhanced system will enable monitoring of all phases in each procurement transaction, which will reduce any potential fraud, corruption, or other illegal acts. In addition, the improved system will be easily auditable, as audit trails on each procurement transaction will be created and archived. C. Cost and Financing 19. The total cost of the TA is estimated at $1,110,000 equivalent, of which $1,000,000 will be financed on a grant basis by the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction, to be administered by ADB. The main elements to be funded are the services of international and national consultants, equipment, and workshops and seminars. The government will contribute $110,000 equivalent in-kind through the provision of office space, counterpart staff support, administrative services, and physical facilities. Details of the cost estimates and financing plan are in Appendix 2. D. Implementation Arrangements 20. Institutional arrangements. The NPPA will be the executing agency. The NPPA was chosen because of its mandate to develop a national procurement policy and strategy. The NPPA will coordinate with the team leader and project coordinator in supervising and managing the day-to-day TA activities. ADB will coordinate with the NPPA to ensure the timely delivery of outputs and the regular submission of reports from the consultants in accordance with the terms of reference. 21. The TA will be implemented over 24 months, beginning in November ADB will field regular missions to review implementation progress and guide the consultants (in consultation with the NPPA). These missions will provide appropriate recommendations to the NPPA, if necessary, and will take actions to facilitate TA implementation to meet its objectives. 22. A team of international and national consultants will implement the TA activities. All consultants will be recruited as individuals in accordance with ADB s Guidelines on the Use of Consultants (2010, as amended from time to time). The terms of reference for consultants are in Appendix 3. Equipment will be procured in accordance with ADB s Procurement Guidelines (2010, as amended from time to time), using arrangements satisfactory to ADB, and will be handed over to the government upon completion of the TA. Disbursements under the TA will be made in accordance with ADB s Technical Assistance Disbursement Handbook (2010, as amended from time to time).

7 5 IV. THE PRESIDENT S DECISION 23. The President, acting under the authority delegated by the Board, has approved ADB administering technical assistance not exceeding the equivalent of $1,000,000 to the Government of Indonesia to be financed on a grant basis by the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction for Strengthening National Public Procurement Processes, and hereby reports this action to the Board.

8 6 Appendix 1 DESIGN AND MONITORING FRAMEWORK Impact Design Summary Performance Targets and Indicators Data Sources and Reporting Mechanisms Assumptions and Risks Assumptions Transparency and efficiency in public procurement is improved to promote good governance Effective use of state budget for procurement and reduction of approximately 50% of procurement budget leakage over the KPK s data by 2015 (Baseline: Rp36 trillion) Increasing the efficiency and effectiveness of public services in the 561 regional governments and government institutions by the end of 2015 (Baseline: 561) Transparency International s annual report on Corruption Perceptions Index Government procurement statistics report Audit reports Other stakeholder reports Active participation from all government administrations and stakeholders Policies have the expected impact Risk Lack of government s ownership and continued commitment to reform Outcome Assumptions Role of the NPPA as the lead agency for the public procurement reform is strengthened A single national window for public procurement is widely used by the end of 2012 All relevant government regulations and legislations to institute and govern the national procurement system are revised by Participation of approximately 50% of government administrations in a national public procurement policy by 2012 (Baseline: 561) Reports on the review of completed policy actions Feedback from various conferences, workshops, meetings, and other forums Support from all government administrations The NPPA will continue to receive financial and political support from the government Risk Relevant regulations and legislations might not be effectively promoted Outputs Assumptions 1. NPPA s institutional capacity is improved Reliable and transparent monitoring and evaluation procedures to assess the degree to which the principles and requirements of regulations and other NPPA progress reports Full support, assistance, and cooperation of stakeholders in the proposed provisions Different opinions and

9 Appendix 1 7 Design Summary Performance Targets and Indicators relevant legislations and policies are adopted by all government administrations, by 2012 Data Sources and Reporting Mechanisms Assumptions and Risks options on policy priorities can be settled satisfactorily Risk Insufficient absorptive capacity Coordination problems within the NPPA s directorates to implement the recommended action plan 2. Better-trained and more professional procurement personnel Increase in the number of certified procurement professionals by approximately 50% by 2012 (Baseline: from the assessment to be taken in 2011) Improved efficiency and quality of procurement by approximately 50% by 2012 (Baseline: from the assessment to be taken in 2011) NPPA s certification statistics report NPPA s procurement statistics report Assumptions Consultants inputs are well implemented Government and private educational institutions will participate in and support the staff capacity development plan Risks Slow decision process Weak commitment to implementation of legislation and regulations 3. Public awareness of NPPA roles and outputs is improved Increased user access to the NPPA website by 100% by 2012 (Baseline: current NPPA data record. 100% of series of structured public campaigns released in multimedia by 2012 (Baseline: none) Media spots Feedback from stakeholders NPPA progress reports Assumptions Adequate public capacity level to absorb the information Risk Lack of adequate and timely provision of necessary information The web-based system is not functioning well

10 8 Appendix 1 Design Summary 4. Integrated national e- procurement system is operational Performance Targets and Indicators E-procurement system is well utilized by all government administrations by mid 2012, as mandated by Perpres 54/2010 (Baseline: none) Data Sources and Reporting Mechanisms NPPA s procurement statistics report NPPA progress reports Assumptions and Risks Assumptions Strong government commitment to continue developing an integrated and harmonized national e- procurement system Risk Poor service from internet providers in several regions Slow data transfer through internet systems in several regions NPPA and respective hub offices in regions are not well equipped with computer/ broadband internet facilities Resistance from the intended users Activities with Milestones 1.1. Review and develop organizational strategy for the NPPA, by month Assess capacity development of the NPPA, by month Prepare country-specific baseline indicators, including public expenditure and financial accountability, by month Comparative studies to other countries procurement institutions completed by month Assess the NPPA s staff capacity and develop staff capacity development strategy, by month Assess the current requirements for procurement Inputs JFPR: $1,000,000 (on a grant basis) Cost Item Amount ($) Consultants: International (12 person-months) Nationals (120 person-months) Equipment Seminar Miscellaneous: Contingency: 278, ,000 30, ,000 35,000 24,000

11 Appendix 1 9 Design Summary Performance Targets and Indicators certification in order to improve them, by month Develop criteria for qualification and accreditation of procurement personnel (10 months after fielding the consultant) Prepare training modules and materials for trainers and trainees, by month Conduct training program for NPPA staff in-house (continuous activities from month 3 after the TA is effective until the end of TA implementation) Analyze the current website for improvement to be more informative, transparent, and user-friendly, by month Assess the public campaign needs and develop a public campaign plan, by month Implement a public campaign plan, including media spots, interviews, discussions, workshops, seminars, conference, socialization, etc., by month Identify institutional constraints on implementing an e-procurement system, by month Assess the government s need for policy and regulation on e-procurement, by month Review the current technology standard, by month Develop an e-procurement implementation strategy, including assessing infrastructure requirements for other e-procurement supports, and action plan, by month 6. Data Sources and Reporting Mechanisms Assumptions and Risks ADB = Asian Development Bank; JFPR = Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction; NPPA = National Public Procurement Agency; TA = technical assistance. Source: Asian Development Bank.

12 10 Appendix 2 COST ESTIMATES AND FINANCING PLAN ($ 000) Total Item Cost A. Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction Financing a 1. Consultants a. Remuneration and per diem i. International consultants ii. National consultants - Senior national consultants Junior national consultants b. International travel Local travel c. Reports and communications, and translation Equipment Training, seminars, and conferences a. In-house training b. International workshops and/or conferences Miscellaneous administrative and support costs Contingencies Subtotal (A) 1, B. Government Financing 1. Office accommodation Counterpart staff Subtotal (B) Total 1, a Administered by the Asian Development Bank. Source: Asian Development Bank estimates.

13 Appendix 3 11 A. Overall Outcome OUTLINE TERMS OF REFERENCE FOR CONSULTANTS 1. The overall outcome for the consultants is to assist the National Public Procurement Agency (NPPA) in strengthening its role as the lead agency for public procurement reform, resulting in an improved, standardized procurement process for all government administrations and the business community. The major outputs will be developed institutional capacity, increased professionalism of procurement practitioners, increased public awareness of NPPA roles, significant progress on e-procurement implementation, and revised laws and regulations to support the major outputs. 2. The consultants will work closely with the NPPA and relevant institutions to achieve the outputs and outcome. The consultants will be selected in accordance with the Guidelines on the Use of Consultants (2010, amended from time to time) of the Asian Development Bank (ADB). B. Consultant Requirements 3. The technical assistance (TA) will require 132 person-months of consultant inputs: one international consultant for 12 person-months, five national consultants for 120 person-months, and unallocated person-months to be provided as needed. The consultants must have substantial experience in institutional development, the public procurement sector, project coordination, capacity building and training, information technology, and public campaigns/socialization. 1. Team Leader/Institutional Development Expert (international, 12 personmonths) 4. The expert will lead, manage, coordinate, and facilitate all aspects of the TA. He or she will also work closely with the NPPA to develop a comprehensive organization strategy and framework, including a business plan and in-depth institutional analysis of the NPPA, i.e., establishing profiles and job descriptions of NPPA staff, according to its organizational or institutional mandate. If the organization strategy and framework already exist when the expert is fielded, he or she will assess the existing documents for any needed improvements. The expert will also provide advice on the legal and institutional aspects of procurement, including assessing structural effectiveness, change management, capacity analysis and strengthening, and developing ownership. The expert should hold postgraduate qualifications in a related discipline such as business, public administration, law, or engineering, with more than 7 years experience in institutional development. 2. Institutional Development Expert/Project Coordinator (national, 24 personmonths) 5. The national expert will assist the team leader in developing a comprehensive organization strategy and framework, including a business plan and in-depth institutional analysis of the NPPA, i.e., establishing profiles and job descriptions of NPPA staff, according to its organizational or institutional mandate. If the organization strategy and framework already exist when the expert is fielded, he or she will assist the team leader in assessing the existing documents for any needed improvements. He or she will also lead other national consultants in providing support as appropriate to international consultants and will coordinate with other government agencies. He or she should have managerial skills, expertise in capacity

14 12 Appendix 3 development, and experience in dealing with government and donor agencies. He or she should hold a university degree in a related discipline such as business, public administration, law, or engineering, with more than 5 years experience in institutional development. The expert s tasks will include (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) (vi) (vii) (viii) (ix) (x) liaising effectively with the NPPA to deliver the outputs and outcomes of the TA; coordinating with and assisting the team leader; being a focal point for the TA and liaising with ADB and other government agencies on issues related to TA implementation; ensuring effective coordination between government and donor agencies, to ensure that there is no overlap of work carried out under the TA; reviewing, and assessing or developing an organization strategy for institutional development of the NPPA; providing quality control for all TA milestones and outputs; developing a framework and business plan for the NPPA; assessing and building the capacity of staff to undertake and sustain institutional development efforts; preparing monthly and quarterly progress reports for submission to ADB and the NPPA in a timely manner; and coordinating with other consultants and government officials to prepare TA inception and completion reports. 3. Public Sector Procurement Specialist (24 person-months) 6. The expert will be responsible for providing inputs on Indonesian procurement practices and should have experience, preferably with a government agency, in project management and procurement methods. He or she should have expertise in current procurement regulations and be familiar with the procedures of ADB and other international financing institutions. The expert should hold a university degree in a related discipline such as business, law, or engineering, with more than 5 years experience in public procurement. The expert s tasks will include (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) (vi) (vii) (viii) (ix) leading the development of a procurement strategy and its implementation; participating in country procurement assessments and preparing background analysis; assisting the NPPA to further develop and strengthen the public procurement system; assisting the NPPA to draft relevant government regulations (peraturan pemerintah) to support the enactment of the Procurement Law; advising the team on the technical, commercial, and legal aspects of procurement at all stages, if an initial draft of the Procurement Law has been prepared; improving the legal and operational environment by providing assistance to ensure full harmonization with procurement best practice, as well as wider awareness and knowledge among procuring entities, potential suppliers, and the public; upgrading public procurement rules by developing the administrative capacity and efficiency of those public institutions dealing with procurement, in coordination with institutional development experts; preparing monthly and quarterly progress reports for submission to ADB and the NPPA in a timely manner; and coordinating with other consultants and government officials to prepare TA inception and completion reports.

15 Appendix Legal/Regulatory Specialist (12 person-months) 7. The expert should have extensive experience in legal and regulatory reform and in drafting legislation related to procurement reform and other procurement-relevant areas. He or she should have expertise in the current procurement regulations and be familiar with ADB procedures and other international financing institutions. The expert should hold a university degree in law or be a qualified lawyer with relevant experience in procurement-related issues. The expert s tasks will include (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) (vi) (vii) (viii) liaising with the team leader and other consultants and donor agencies to ensure that there is no overlap in the work carried out under the TA; reviewing and analyzing procurement decrees, their implementing rules and regulations, and other procurement documents from a legal point of view, and recommending appropriate revisions, as necessary, based on best practices and experience in coordination with the NPPA, line ministries, and relevant stakeholders; assisting the NPPA to draft relevant government regulations (peraturan pemerintah) to support the enactment of the Procurement Law; advising the team on the technical, commercial, and legal aspects of procurement at all stages, if an initial draft of the Procurement Law has been prepared; improving the legal and operational environment by providing assistance to ensure full harmonization with procurement best practice, as well as wider awareness and knowledge among procuring entities, potential suppliers, and the public; participating in country procurement assessments and preparing background analysis; preparing monthly and quarterly progress reports for submission to ADB and the NPPA in a timely manner; and coordinating with other consultants and government officials to prepare TA inception and completion reports. 5. Training Expert (national, 24 person-months) 8. The expert should have extensive experience in development strategy for capacity development. Based on the business plan to be developed by the relevant international and national consultants, and in coordination with other government agencies and the project coordinator, the training expert will be responsible for implementing the planned training under the TA. The expert should hold a university degree and qualifications in project management, with more than 5 years experience in developing training programs. The experts will assist with overall management of the TA. The experts tasks will include (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) assessing and developing a comprehensive learning and development strategy for capacity development of the NPPA; coordinating with the NPPA to develop criteria for accreditation and qualification of procurement personnel in all procurement entities; procuring and setting up the equipment and software for training purposes, and providing logistical support for training and technical inputs to the training events, when requested; organizing workshops and meetings, and documenting their conclusions; and coordinating with other consultants and government officials to prepare TA inception and completion reports.

16 14 Appendix 3 6. Information Technology Expert (national, 24 person-months) 9. The experts should have qualifications in information technology, management information systems, web design, and database management, with over 5 years experience. The experts should be familiar with the e-procurement system, and have experience in implementing IT strategy for the public. The experts tasks will include (i) reviewing the existing management information system; (ii) coordinating with Layanan Pengadaan Secara Elektronik (Electronic Procurement Office) in assessing the needs for e-procurement development and implementation; (iii) assessing the government s need for policy and regulation on e-procurement; (iv) reviewing and analyzing the current technology infrastructure and standards, and determining technology objectives and standards that support the needs of the current processes, as well as the infrastructure requirements for e-procurement development; (v) improving a strategic plan for implementation of e-procurement; if necessary, developing an e-procurement implementation strategy, including assessing infrastructure requirements for other e-procurement supports, and an action plan; (vi) designing a standardized reporting mechanism for quarterly, semiannual, or annual updates on NPPA s information management system, including e- procurement; (vii) establishing a user-friendly website so that procurement-related information is accessed and disseminated effectively and efficiently; (viii) providing input processes, such as form design and user input, updating features, and linking to related websites (ADB, United Nations Development Business, and World Bank sites); and (ix) training NPPA staff in managing and maintaining the system. 7. Marketing Communication/Public Campaign Expert (national, 12 personmonths) 10. As a relatively newly established agency, NPPA s role and functions need to be promoted. The expert is required to develop and implement NPPA s website and social media strategies in coordination with the information technology expert and institutional development expert. He or she should have a bachelor s degree in journalism, advertising, or communications, with at least 3 years experience in social media communications. The expert s tasks will include (i) assessing the public campaign needs and developing a public campaign plan; (ii) analyzing the current website s need for upgrades to become more user-friendly; (iii) implementing a public campaign plan, including media spots, interviews, discussions, workshops, seminars, conference, socialization, etc.; (iv) providing input processes, such as form design and user input, updating features, and linking to related websites (ADB, United Nations Development Business, and World Bank sites); (v) keeping abreast of emerging technologies in new media, particularly design programs such as Illustrator, Photoshop, 3D Studio, Acrobat, etc., as most graphic design work is now done on a computer; (vi) preparing and translating materials into English, including the homepage and e- procurement modules for international consumption; and (vii) monitoring the social community and participating in any online procurement conversations.