Export Development Canada Quarterly Financial Report June 30, 2018 Unaudited TRADE UNLIMITED

Transcription

1 Export Development Canada Quarterly Financial Report June 30, 2018 Unaudited TRADE UNLIMITED

2 TABLE OF CONTENTS MANAGEMENT S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS Overview... 2 Summary of Financial Results... 3 Second Quarter Highlights... 7 Financial Results Year to Date Prior Year Comparison... 7 Corporate Plan Comparison... 8 Non-IFRS Performance Measures Statement of Management Responsibility CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Position Condensed Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income Condensed Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements Note 1. Significant Accounting Policies Note 2. Loans and Allowance for Losses Note 3. Recoverable Insurance Claims Note 4. Derivative Instruments Note 5. Premium and Claims Liabilities Note 6. Contingent Liabilities Note 7. Equity Note 8. Fair Value of Financial Instruments Note 9. Financial Instrument Risks Note 10. Loan Revenue Note 11. Interest Expense Note 12. Net Insurance Premiums and Guarantee Fees Note 13. Claims-Related Expenses Note 14. Other (Income) Expenses Note 15. Administrative Expenses Note 16. Related Party Transactions Caution regarding forward-looking statements This document contains projections and other forward-looking statements regarding future events. Such statements require us to make assumptions and are subject to inherent risks and uncertainties. These may cause actual results to differ materially from expectations expressed in the forward-looking statements.

3 MANAGEMENT S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OVERVIEW Export Development Canada (EDC) is Canada's export credit agency. Our mandate is to support and develop Canada s export trade, and the capacity of Canada to engage in trade and respond to international business opportunities, as well as to provide development financing in a manner consistent with Canada s international development priorities. We provide insurance and financial services, bonding products, small business solutions as well as online credit risk management tools. Our customers are Canadian exporters, investors and their international buyers. We place a particular emphasis on small and medium enterprises by developing tools to help them succeed in international markets. EDC is a Crown corporation, wholly owned by the Government of Canada and accountable to Parliament through the Minister of International Trade. We are financially self-sustaining and do not receive parliamentary appropriations; our revenue is generated primarily by collecting interest on our loans, fees on our guarantee products and premiums on our insurance products. Economic Environment The second quarter of 2018 had a strong start with record Canadian export levels in April, continuing the growth trend from the first quarter. Global trade growth also remained robust; however, it began to slow down moderately in the context of heightened U.S. trade protectionism. An improved economic outlook for the United States caused the U.S. Federal Reserve to raise its target interest rate by 25 basis points during the quarter. Although Europe s economy has improved, core inflation remains below target, allowing the European Central Bank to hold its policy rate constant throughout the second quarter. Oil prices increased in the quarter to over U.S. $70 per barrel and are likely to remain elevated in the near term due to supply disruptions in countries such as Venezuela and Iran, as well as growing global demand. In June, the U.S. administration ended temporary tariff exemptions for several countries, including Canada and the European Union, which resulted in many countries responding with countermeasures. The U.S. also launched an investigation into the possibility of taking actions to restrict imports of autos and parts based on national security considerations. Despite the ongoing trade policy uncertainty, business investment and exports have increased for Canada as foreign demand for Canadian products remains strong. 2 EXPORT DEVELOPMENT CANADA

4 MANAGEMENT S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS Business Facilitated Financing business facilitated increased by 19% when compared to the same period in 2017 primarily due to increases in the infrastructure and environment sector and the oil and gas sector, partially offset by a decrease in the aerospace sector. Business facilitated within our financial institutions insurance product group declined by 56% due to a decrease in demand for the product by an existing policyholder. Business facilitated within our contract insurance and bonding product group increased by 25% due to an increase in demand for the product within the infrastructure and environment industry. For the six months ended Jun Jun (in millions of Canadian dollars) Business Facilitated Direct lending 11,819 9,654 Project finance 1,119 1,227 Loan guarantees Investments Total financing and investments 13,809 11,637 Credit insurance 28,074 28,484 Financial institutions insurance 2,258 5,106 Contract insurance and bonding 3,748 2,994 Political risk insurance 1,617 1,731 Total insurance 35,697 38,315 Total business facilitated $49,506 $49,952 SUMMARY OF FINANCIAL RESULTS EDC adopted the impairment requirements as per IFRS 9 Financial Instruments (IFRS 9) effective January 1, This adoption resulted in an increase to the opening retained earnings of $400 million, consistent with our expectations. We did not restate the prior year periods, as permitted by the standard. Accordingly, the current year results are based on IFRS 9, while 2017 results are based on IAS 39 Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement (IAS 39). For this reason, the allowance and provision for credit losses are not directly comparable. Further disclosure on the transition to the impairment requirement as per IFRS 9 is provided in Note 1 of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. Financial Performance For the three months ended For the six months ended Jun Mar Jun Jun Jun (in millions of Canadian dollars) Net financing and investment income Net insurance premiums and guarantee fees (1) Realized gains (losses) (2) (9) 5 (2) (4) (7) Net revenue Administrative expenses Provision for (reversal of) credit losses (3) 33 (32) (22) 1 61 Claims-related expenses Income before unrealized (gains) losses Unrealized (gains) losses on financial instruments (2) (21) (55) (46) (76) 29 Net income $207 $321 $306 $528 $398 Period average USD equivalent of CAD (1) Includes loan guarantee fees. (2) Included in Other (Income) Expenses on the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income. (3) The current year amounts have been prepared in accordance with IFRS 9. Prior year amounts have not been restated and are reported in accordance with IAS 39. We experienced fluctuations in our net income between periods largely caused by changes in provisioning requirements and volatility in the fair value of our financial instruments due to market conditions. These changes are further discussed beginning on page 6. QUARTERLY FINANCIAL REPORT 3

5 MANAGEMENT S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS Total loan revenue and loan yield has increased since the fourth quarter of 2017 mainly due to increases in U.S. interest rates as the majority of our loans are denominated in U.S. dollars. Interest expense increased during the first half of 2018 mainly as a result of the increase in U.S. interest rates. Interest expense increased at a greater pace than loan revenue as we increased borrowings to finance the growth in our marketable securities (refer to page 9). The majority of our funding is floating rate and denominated in U.S. dollars, consistent with our loan assets. 4 EXPORT DEVELOPMENT CANADA

6 MANAGEMENT S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS Financial Position As at Jun Mar Dec Jun (in millions of Canadian dollars) Total assets 69,028 68,220 60,120 60,831 Total liabilities 59,019 58,447 50,080 51,472 Equity 10,009 9,773 10,040 9,359 Gross loans receivable 52,420 53,162 51,199 53,811 Total allowances * 1,530 1,524 1,903 2,156 Period-end USD equivalent of CAD * The current year results have been prepared in accordance with IFRS 9. Prior year amounts have not been restated and are reported in accordance with IAS 39. Gross loans receivable has increased since the fourth quarter of 2017 primarily due to foreign exchange translation tempered by net repayments. The increase in non-investment grade exposures in 2018 is primarily due to downward credit migration of an obligor in the aerospace sector. Total loan allowance as a percentage of total financing related exposure decreased when compared to the fourth quarter of 2017 due to the adoption of the impairment model requirements of IFRS 9 which resulted in a decrease of $400 million to the opening loan allowance. QUARTERLY FINANCIAL REPORT 5

7 . MANAGEMENT S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS Impact of Foreign Exchange Translation on Financial Results Our foreign currency-denominated results are impacted by exchange rate fluctuations. During the second quarter of 2018, the Canadian dollar weakened against the U.S. dollar resulting in a rate of $0.76 at the end of the quarter, compared to a rate of $0.78 at the end of the prior quarter. As reflected in the following table, the impact was an increase to our assets and liabilities, which are translated at the rate prevailing on the statement of financial position date. The following table reflects the estimated impact on our financial position as at June 30, 2018 had the Canadian dollar remained stable relative to the U.S. dollar: Closing exchange rate at (in millions of Canadian dollars) Mar 2018 Dec 2017 Jun 2017 Financial Position Closing exchange rate Decrease in loans receivable (786) (1,700) (532) Decrease in loans payable (1,071) (2,314) (724) Similarly, the Canadian dollar average for the second quarter of 2018 weakened against the U.S. dollar. The Canadian dollar averaged $0.77 in the second quarter, compared to $0.79 in the prior quarter. This had a favourable impact on our financial results, as the components of net income as well as our business facilitated are translated at the average exchange rates. Had the average exchange rate remained stable in the second quarter, both our net income and business facilitated would have been lower for the period. The following table reflects the estimated impact on our financial performance as at June 30, 2018 had the Canadian dollar remained stable relative to the U.S. dollar: Average exchange rate for the Average exchange rate for three months ended the six months ended (in millions of Canadian dollars) Mar 2018 Jun 2017 Jun 2017 Financial Performance Average exchange rate Increase (decrease) in net income (4) 9 19 Increase (decrease) in business facilitated (379) 772 1,464 Risk Management Our business activities expose us to a wide variety of risks including strategic, financial and operational risks. We manage risk with a three lines of defence risk governance structure, which emphasizes and balances strong central oversight and control of risk with clear accountability for and ownership of risk within the front lines. The structure supports the cascade of EDC s risk appetite throughout the organization and provides forums for risks to be appropriately considered, discussed, debated and factored into business decisions at all levels and across all functions. For a more comprehensive discussion on our risk management, please refer to pages of our 2017 Annual Report. Refer to Note 9 of the accompanying financial statements for details on financial instrument risks. 6 EXPORT DEVELOPMENT CANADA

8 MANAGEMENT S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS SECOND QUARTER HIGHLIGHTS Net income declined by $114 million when compared to the previous quarter primarily due to higher loan provisioning requirements and fluctuations in the fair value of our financial instruments. We recorded a provision charge of $33 million in the second quarter of 2018 compared to a provision release of $32 million in the previous quarter. The $33 million provision charge is mainly due to increased credit risk within our portfolio. In the first quarter of 2018, we recorded a provision release of $32 million largely due to improved credit quality in our loan guarantee portfolio. Three months ended Jun Mar (in millions of Canadian dollars) Income before provisions, claimsrelated expenses and unrealized (gains) losses Provision for (reversal of) credit losses 33 (32) Claims-related expenses Unrealized (gains) losses on financial instruments * (21) (55) Net income $207 $321 * Included in Other (Income) Expenses on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income. FINANCIAL RESULTS YEAR TO DATE Prior Year Comparison Net income for the first six months of 2018 was $528 million, an increase of $130 million when compared to the same period in We experienced variances in other (income) expenses as well as a reduction in the provision for credit losses, which was partially offset by a decrease in our net financing and investment income. Other income for the first six months of 2018 was $108 million higher when compared to the same period in 2017, mainly driven by unrealized fair value gains as a result of strong performance in our investments portfolio. Provision for credit losses was $1 million for the first six months of 2018, a decrease of $60 million from the prior year period. In 2017, we recorded a provision charge of $61 million for the period mainly due to downward credit migration in our portfolio. Net financing and investment income was $606 million for the first six months of 2018, a decrease of $48 million from the prior year period mainly due to an increase in short-term interest rates on our commercial paper portfolio and foreign exchange translation. QUARTERLY FINANCIAL REPORT 7

9 MANAGEMENT S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS Corporate Plan Comparison Financial Performance Six months ended Year ended Jun 2018 Jun 2018 Dec 2018 (in millions of Canadian dollars) Actual Results Corporate Plan Corporate Plan Net financing and investment income ,295 Net insurance premiums and guarantee fees * Other (income) expenses (72) (1) (2) Administrative expenses Provision for credit losses Claims-related expenses Net income Other comprehensive income Comprehensive income $538 $516 $1,009 * Includes loan guarantee fees. Net income for the first six months of 2018 was $56 million higher than the Corporate Plan primarily due to an increase in other (income) expenses, partially offset by a decline in net financing and investment income. Net financing and investment income for the first half of the year was $42 million lower than Corporate Plan primarily due to foreign exchange translation as a result of the strengthening of the Canadian dollar relative to the U.S. dollar and higher net repayments than anticipated. Other income was $71 million higher than the Corporate Plan for the first six months of 2018 as a result of strong performance in our investments portfolio. Due to the volatility and difficulty in estimating fair value gains or losses on financial instruments, a forecast for these items is not included in the Corporate Plan. We recorded other comprehensive income of $10 million for the first six months of 2018 mainly due to a higher return on assets as we remeasured our retirement benefit assets and liabilities. The Corporate Plan had projected that the discount rate used to value our pension obligation would increase; however, the discount rate remained constant in 2018 resulting in a decrease in other comprehensive income when compared to the Plan. 8 EXPORT DEVELOPMENT CANADA

10 MANAGEMENT S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS Financial Position As at Jun 2018 Jun 2018 Dec 2018 (in millions of Canadian dollars) Actual Results Corporate Plan Corporate Plan Cash and marketable securities 14,999 11,556 10,664 Derivative instruments Loans receivable 52,367 53,405 54,687 Allowance for losses on loans receivable (1,010) (1,266) (1,201) Investments at fair value through profit or loss 1,286 1,174 1,236 Other assets Total Assets $69,028 $65,929 $66,489 Loans payable 55,850 52,663 52,794 Derivative instruments 1,866 2,107 2,107 Allowance for losses on loan commitments Premium and claims liabilities Other liabilities Equity 10,009 9,848 10,340 Total Liabilities and Equity $69,028 $65,929 $66,489 Cash and marketable securities totalled $15.0 billion at June 30, 2018, $3.4 billion higher than Corporate Plan. Our liquidity policy requires us to hold a liquidity portfolio to meet anticipated cash requirements. In 2018, as a result of changes to the policy, the period required to be covered by the liquidity portfolio has increased from a minimum of two weeks to a minimum of one month. While the numbers in the Corporate Plan reflected the change in policy, our balance is higher than Corporate Plan mainly due to increased cash requirements for anticipated loan disbursements and debt maturities in July. Loans receivable totalled $52.4 billion at June 30, 2018, $1 billion lower than Corporate Plan, primarily as a result of foreign exchange translation and higher net repayments than projected in the Plan. Loans payable totalled $55.9 billion at June 30, 2018, $3.2 billion higher than Corporate Plan mainly due to the funding required for the increase in our marketable securities portfolio partially offset by foreign exchange translation. QUARTERLY FINANCIAL REPORT 9

11 MANAGEMENT S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS NON-IFRS PERFORMANCE MEASURES Claims Ratio Credit Insurance Product Group The claims ratio expresses net claims incurred as a percentage of net written premium. Net claims incurred include claims paid net of recoveries, estimated recoveries and changes in actuarial liabilities. This ratio only includes credit insurance activities. Reinsurance ceded reflects various partnerships we have with reinsurers in offering and managing insurance capacity. Net claims incurred include claims paid net of recoveries and estimated recoveries of $7 million (2017 $38 million) and an increase in actuarial liabilities of $23 million (2017 $45 million increase). Six months ended Jun Jun (in millions of Canadian dollars) Premiums earned Reinsurance ceded (4) (3) Net written premium $50 $50 Net claims incurred $30 $83 Claims ratio 60% 166% 10 EXPORT DEVELOPMENT CANADA

12 MANAGEMENT S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS STATEMENT OF MANAGEMENT RESPONSIBILITY Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of these condensed consolidated quarterly financial statements in accordance with the Treasury Board of Canada Standard on Quarterly Financial Reports for Crown Corporations and for such internal controls as management determines is necessary to enable the preparation of condensed consolidated quarterly financial statements that are free from material misstatement. Management is also responsible for ensuring all other information in this quarterly financial report is consistent, where appropriate, with the condensed consolidated quarterly financial statements. These condensed consolidated quarterly financial statements have not been audited or reviewed by an external auditor. Based on our knowledge, these unaudited condensed consolidated quarterly financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position, results of operations and cash flows of the corporation, as at June 30, 2018 and for the periods presented in the condensed consolidated quarterly financial statements. Benoit Daignault, President and CEO Ken Kember, Senior Vice-President & Chief Financial Officer Ottawa, Canada August 23, 2018 QUARTERLY FINANCIAL REPORT 11

13 Export Development Canada Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION As at (in millions of Canadian dollars) Jun Mar Dec Jun Notes Assets Cash Marketable securities 14,827 13,005 8,057 6,543 Derivative instruments Assets held-for-sale Loans receivable 2 52,367 53,137 51,127 53,715 Allowance for losses on loans receivable 2 (1,010) (1,040) (1,363) (1,557) Investments at fair value through profit or loss 1,286 1,209 1,124 1,078 Equipment available for lease Net investment in aircraft under finance leases Recoverable insurance claims Reinsurers' share of premium and claims liabilities Other assets Retirement benefit assets Property, plant and equipment Intangible assets Building under finance lease Total Assets $69,028 $68,220 $60,120 $60,831 Liabilities and Equity Accounts payable and other credits Loans payable 55,850 55,470 47,114 47,918 Derivative instruments 4 1,866 1,718 1,690 2,107 Obligation under finance lease Retirement benefit obligations Allowance for losses on loan commitments Premium and claims liabilities Loan guarantees Total Liabilities 59,019 58,447 50,080 51,472 Financing commitments (Note 2) and contingent liabilities (Note 6) Equity Share capital 7 1,333 1,333 1,333 1,333 Retained earnings 8,676 8,440 8,707 8,026 Total Equity 10,009 9,773 10,040 9,359 Total Liabilities and Equity $69,028 $68,220 $60,120 $60,831 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. These financial statements were approved for issuance by the Board of Directors on August 23, c Robert S. McLeese Benoit Daignault Director Director 12 EXPORT DEVELOPMENT CANADA

14 CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (in millions of Canadian dollars) For the three months ended For the six months ended Jun Mar Jun Jun Jun Notes Financing and Investment Revenue: Loan , Marketable securities Investments Total financing and investment revenue ,160 1,005 Interest expense Financing related expenses Net Financing and Investment Income Loan Guarantee Fees Insurance premiums and guarantee fees Reinsurance ceded (10) (9) (8) (19) (19) Net Insurance Premiums and Guarantee Fees Other (Income) Expenses 14 (12) (60) (44) (72) 36 Administrative Expenses Income before Provision and Claims-Related Expenses Provision for (Reversal of) Credit Losses 2 33 (32) (22) 1 61 Claims-Related Expenses Net Income Other comprehensive income (loss): Retirement benefit plans remeasurement 29 (19) (38) 10 (16) Comprehensive Income $236 $302 $268 $538 $382 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. QUARTERLY FINANCIAL REPORT 13

15 CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY (in millions of Canadian dollars) For the three months ended For the six months ended Jun Mar Jun Jun Jun Notes Share Capital 7 1,333 1,333 1,333 1,333 1,333 Retained Earnings Balance beginning of period 8,440 8,707 7,758 8,707 8,430 IFRS 9 impairment transition adjustment Revised balance at beginning of period 8,440 9,107 7,758 9,107 8,430 Net income Other comprehensive income (loss) Retirement benefit plans remeasurement 29 (19) (38) 10 (16) Dividend paid 7 - (969) - (969) (786) Balance end of period 8,676 8,440 8,026 8,676 8,026 Total Equity at End of Period $10,009 $9,773 $9,359 $10,009 $9,359 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 14 EXPORT DEVELOPMENT CANADA

16 CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS (in millions of Canadian dollars) CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) For the three months ended For the six months ended Jun Mar Jun Jun Jun Cash Flows from (used in) Operating Activities Net income Adjustments to determine net cash flows from (used in) operating activities Provision for (reversal of) credit losses 33 (32) (22) 1 61 Actuarial change in the net allowance for claims on insurance Depreciation and amortization Realized (gains) and losses 2 (10) (6) (8) (13) Changes in operating assets and liabilities Change in accrued interest and fees on loans receivable (21) (47) (3) (68) (3) Change in accrued interest and fair value of marketable securities (8) 71 (2) Change in accrued interest and fair value of loans payable (7) (49) (13) (56) 44 Change in derivative instruments 60 (169) (60) (109) (249) Other 5 (67) 116 (62) 73 Loan disbursements (8,889) (7,795) (7,931) (16,684) (13,017) Loan repayments and principal recoveries from loan asset sales 9,960 7,266 7,153 17,226 13,156 Net cash from (used in) operating activities 1,383 (497) (445) Cash Flows from (used in) Investing Activities Disbursements for investments (67) (84) (73) (151) (144) Receipts from investments Purchases of marketable securities (4,007) (4,745) (2,454) (8,752) (3,043) Sales/maturities of marketable securities 3,373 1,458 2,434 4,831 3,083 Purchases of property, plant and equipment (1) (1) - (2) - Purchases of intangible assets (9) (6) - (15) - Net cash used in investing activities (652) (3,329) (67) (3,981) (56) Cash Flows from (used in) Financing Activities Issue of long-term loans payable 4,063 5,960 3,983 10,023 8,209 Repayment of long-term loans payable (3,131) (3,020) (2,967) (6,151) (5,653) Issue of short-term loans payable 6,402 11,126 5,843 17,528 11,853 Repayment of short-term loans payable (6,989) (7,614) (6,578) (14,603) (14,478) Disbursements from sale/maturity of derivative instruments (196) (90) (109) (286) (109) Receipts from sale/maturity of derivative instruments Dividend paid - (969) - (969) (786) Net cash from (used in) financing activities 158 5, ,551 (964) Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents (11) 83 (11) Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 926 1,613 (351) 2,539 (541) Cash and cash equivalents Beginning of period 3,240 1,627 1,701 1,627 1,891 End of period $4,166 $3,240 $1,350 $4,166 $1,350 Cash and cash equivalents are comprised of: Cash Cash equivalents included within marketable securities 3,994 2,944 1,271 3,994 1,271 $4,166 $3,240 $1,350 $4,166 $1,350 Operating Cash Flows from Interest Cash paid for interest $226 $192 $157 $418 $286 Cash received for interest $568 $436 $490 $1,004 $922 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. QUARTERLY FINANCIAL REPORT 15

17 Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements 1. Significant Accounting Policies Basis of Presentation Our condensed consolidated financial statements comply with the Standard on Quarterly Financial Reports for Crown Corporations issued by the Treasury Board of Canada. Except as indicated below, these condensed interim consolidated financial statements follow the same accounting policies and methods of computation as our audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, They should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2017 and the accompanying notes as set out on pages of our 2017 Annual Report. Basis of Consolidation Our consolidated financial statements include the assets, liabilities, results of operations and cash flows of our wholly owned subsidiaries and those structured entities consolidated under IFRS 10 Consolidated Financial Statements. Intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated. Application of New and Revised International Financial Reporting Standards (a) New standards, amendments and interpretations adopted during the year The following standards issued by the IASB were adopted during the year: IFRS 9 Financial Instruments In July 2014, the IASB issued the final version of IFRS 9 - Financial Instruments (IFRS 9), which is applicable for reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2018 and replaces the guidance in IAS 39 Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement (IAS 39). As we early adopted the classification and measurement requirements of IFRS 9 upon transition to IFRS in 2011 and do not apply hedge accounting to our derivatives, we only implemented the impairment requirements on January 1, IFRS 9 does not require restatement of comparative period financial statements except in limited circumstances relating to the hedge accounting provisions of the standard. We chose not to restate comparative figures on transition and recognized the measurement difference of $400 million through an adjustment to opening retained earnings. The impairment requirements under IFRS 9 are calculated using an expected credit loss (ECL) model as opposed to the incurred loss model under IAS 39 and impacts the allowance on our loans receivable, loan commitments and loan guarantees. Our updated accounting policy is as follows: Allowance for Losses on Loans Receivable, Loan Commitments and Loan Guarantees The allowance for losses on loans receivable, loan commitments and loan guarantees represents management s best estimate of probable credit losses and is based on the expected credit loss model. Financial assets subject to an impairment assessment include loans held at amortized cost. The allowance for credit losses related to loans receivable are presented in the allowance for losses on loans receivable in the condensed consolidated statement of financial position. Off-balance sheet items subject to an impairment assessment include loan commitments and loan guarantees. The allowance for credit losses related to loan commitments are presented in allowance for losses on loan commitments and allowances for credit losses related to loan guarantees are included in the liability for loan guarantees in the condensed consolidated statement of financial position. 16 EXPORT DEVELOPMENT CANADA

18 Changes in the allowance for credit losses on loans receivable, loan commitments and loan guarantees as a result of originations, repayments and maturities, changes in risk parameters, remeasurements and modifications are recorded in the provision for (reversal of) credit losses in our condensed consolidated statement of comprehensive income. Expected Credit Loss Impairment Model The expected credit loss model applies a three-stage approach to measure our allowance for credit losses. At initial recognition financial instruments are placed in Stage 1. Expected credit losses are measured based on the stage assignment of the financial instrument: Stage 1 - Where there has not been a significant increase in credit risk since origination, the allowance recorded is based on the expected credit losses resulting from defaults over the next 12-months; Stage 2 - Where there has been a significant increase in credit risk since origination, the allowance recorded is based on the expected credit losses over the remaining lifetime of the financial instrument; and Stage 3 - Where a financial instrument is considered impaired, the allowance recorded is based on the expected credit losses over the remaining lifetime of the instrument and interest revenue is calculated based on the carrying amount of the instrument, net of the loss allowance, rather than on its gross carrying amount. Impairment and Write-off of Financial Instruments Under EDC s definition of default on loans receivable and loan commitments, financial instruments are considered to be in default and placed in Stage 3 when they meet one or both of the following criteria which represent objective evidence of impairment: there has been a deterioration in credit quality to the extent that EDC considers that the obligor is unlikely to pay its credit obligations to EDC in full; or the obligor is past due more than 90 days on any material credit obligation to EDC. Loan guarantees with impaired obligors are identified using the same criteria on the underlying loan as used to assess the impairment of direct loans carried at amortized cost. When the underlying loan is individually assessed to be impaired, it is probable that a call on the guarantee will be made representing an outflow of economic benefits that would be required to settle our obligation under the guarantee. Should there be a cash outflow related to a call on an impaired guarantee, in most cases we would not consider the associated newly originated loan to be a purchase or origination of a credit impaired asset. Loans and the related allowance for credit losses are written off, either partially or in full, when all collection methods, including the realization of collateral, have been exhausted and no further prospect of recovery is likely. Measurement of Expected Credit Losses The ECL calculation along with the stage assignment considers reasonable and supportable information about past events, current conditions and forecasts of future economic events. The estimation and application of forward-looking information, using both internal and external sources of information, requires significant judgement. The ECL model is a function of the probability of default (PD), loss given default (LGD), and exposure at default (EAD) of a specific obligor or group of obligors with like characteristics such as industry and country classification as well as credit risk rating, discounted to the reporting date using the effective interest rate, or an approximation thereof. In determining the expected life of a financial instrument, the contractual terms as well as significant judgements on historical behaviour patterns are considered. In order to satisfy the requirements of IFRS 9, we leverage the risk inputs from our existing regulatory capital models and make adjustments, where appropriate. QUARTERLY FINANCIAL REPORT 17

19 Significant Increase in Credit Risk At each reporting date, an assessment of whether a significant increase in credit risk has taken place since the initial recognition of the financial instrument is performed. The assessment does not use the low credit risk exemption stated in the standard, requires significant judgement and considers the following factors: a threshold based on a relative change in the probability of default for the remaining expected life of the instrument relative to the corresponding probability of default at origination; qualitative information available as at the reporting date; and days past due. Any exposure that is 30 days past due is placed in Stage 2. Any exposure that is 90 days past due is considered impaired and placed in Stage 3. Assets can move in both directions through the stages of the impairment model. If, in a subsequent period, the credit quality improves for an instrument in Stage 2 such that the increase in credit risk since initial recognition is no longer considered significant, the instrument will move to Stage 1 and the loss allowance shall revert to being recognized based on the 12-month expected credit losses. Modifications In situations where a borrower experiences financial difficulty, we may grant certain concessionary modifications to the terms and conditions of a loan. An assessment is done to determine if the loan should be derecognized. If the modification does not result in derecognition, the date of origination continues to be used to assess significant increase in credit risk. If the modification results in derecognition, a new loan is recognized based on the new contractual terms and the date of modification is used to assess significant increase in credit risk. Forward-Looking Information Expected credit losses are calculated using forward looking information determined from reasonable and supportable forecasts of future economic conditions as at the reporting date. The ECL model does not consider every possible scenario but reflects a representative sample of three possible outcomes. The scenarios used are not biased towards extremes, reflect consistency among variables and are probabilityweighted. In addition to a baseline macroeconomic outlook, EDC also produces two alternative outlooks. These alternative forecasts leverage our country risk and sector analysts in our economics group to identify and vet key upside and downside scenario possibilities, considering their impacts and probability of occurrence. The scenarios are reviewed quarterly for ongoing relevance. The macroeconomic variables considered in the determination of the scenarios have been established to be key drivers of a global macroeconomic outlook and influential to EDC s loan portfolio and include, but are not limited to, gross domestic product, commodity prices, equity indices, bond yields and unemployment rates. The macroeconomic variables are applied in the ECL model based on the industry, country and the credit risk rating that is applicable to each obligor. We also assess the extent to which these variables may not reflect recent economic events that may result in credit deterioration. In these cases we will estimate the potential impact on our allowances and apply market overlays to specific industries or other exposure categories that we deem appropriate. 18 EXPORT DEVELOPMENT CANADA

20 Transition Impact The following table reconciles the closing impairment allowance under IAS 39 to the opening impairment allowance for credit losses under IFRS 9 as at January 1, 2018: Impairment allowance under Impairment allowance under IAS 39 as at December 31, 2017 IFRS 9 as at January 1, 2018 Transition (in millions of Canadian dollars) Collective Individual Total Adjustment Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Total Loans receivable ,363 (339) ,024 Loan commitments (5) Loan guarantees (56) Total $931 $581 $1,512 $(400) $133 $402 $577 $1,112 IFRS 7 Financial Instruments: Disclosures In July 2014, the IASB issued amendments to the standard requiring entities to provide additional qualitative and quantitative disclosure when an entity applies IFRS 9. As EDC implemented IFRS 7 amendments related to classification and measurement in 2011, only amendments related to impairment disclosures are required. We implemented the disclosure amendments on January 1, 2018 in conjunction with the implementation of IFRS 9, as noted above. IFRS 15 Revenue from Contracts with Customers In May 2014, the IASB issued the new standard which establishes a comprehensive framework for the recognition, measurement and disclosure of revenue and cash flows arising from an entity s contracts with customers except for revenue arising from items such as financial instruments, insurance contracts and leases. Loan guarantee fees were assessed to be in scope of IFRS 15, however the adoption of the new standard did not have an impact on the consolidated financial statements. IFRIC 22 Foreign Currency Transactions and Advance Consideration In December 2016, the IASB issued this interpretation to provide guidance on how to determine the date of the transaction for purposes of identifying the exchange rate to use in transactions within the scope of IAS 21 The Effects of Changes in Foreign Exchange Rates involving the payment or receipt of consideration in advance. This interpretation, which resulted in no change to our financial statements, was adopted on January 1, (b) New standards, amendments and interpretations issued but not yet in effect The following amendments issued by the IASB during the year have been assessed as having a possible effect on EDC in the future. IAS 19 Employment Benefits In February 2018, the IASB issued amendments to this standard requiring current service cost and net interest to be determined using the assumptions used for the remeasurement if a plan amendment, curtailment or settlement occurs. Amendments also require the effect of a plan amendment, curtailment or settlement on the requirements regarding the asset ceiling be clarified. The amendments are effective for reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2019 and will only impact EDC upon a plan amendment, curtailment or settlement occurring. Use of Estimates and Key Judgments The preparation of financial statements requires the use of estimates and key judgments. Judgment is required in the selection of accounting policies, and their application requires the use of estimates and assumptions to arrive at the reported carrying values of our assets and liabilities. Areas where management has made use of significant estimates and exercised judgment include the allowance for losses on loans receivable, loan commitments and loan guarantees, assets held-for-sale, premium and claims liabilities, recoverable insurance claims, retirement benefit plans and financial instruments measured at fair value. Refer to page 90 of our 2017 Annual Report for details. QUARTERLY FINANCIAL REPORT 19

21 2. Loans and Allowance for Losses Loans Receivable Jun Mar Dec Jun (in millions of Canadian dollars) Performing: Past due * Current year and beyond 51,393 52,161 50,185 52,848 Performing gross loans receivable 51,479 52,200 50,284 52,897 Individually impaired loans Gross loans receivable 52,420 53,162 51,199 53,811 Accrued interest and fees receivable Deferred loan revenue and other credits (305) (298) (313) (312) Total loans receivable $52,367 $53,137 $51,127 $53,715 * Receivables of $35 million were less than 30 days past due. In the first week of July 2018, we received payments of $82 million (March $39 million; first week of April $36 million; December $99 million; first week of January $93 million and June $49 million; first week of July $17 million). The following reflects the movement in gross loans receivable during the period: (in millions of Canadian dollars) Balance at January 1 51,199 55,375 Disbursements 16,684 13,017 Principal repayments (17,214) (12,732) Loans written off (50) (29) Principal recoveries from loan asset sales (12) (424) Capitalized interest 2 2 Transferred to held-for-sale - (5) Foreign exchange translation 1,811 (1,393) Balance at June 30 $52,420 $53,811 Individually Impaired Loans Receivable Jun Mar Dec Jun (in millions of Canadian dollars) Gross loans receivable Sovereign Commercial Less: Deferred loan revenue and other credits Individual allowance Carrying amount of individually impaired loans $390 $389 $370 $ EXPORT DEVELOPMENT CANADA

22 The following reflects the movement in individually impaired gross loans receivable during the period: (in millions of Canadian dollars) Balance at January ,037 Loans classified as impaired Disbursements 27 3 Capitalized interest 1 - Loans written off (50) (16) Principal repayments (33) (14) Principal recoveries from loan asset sales (12) - Loans reinstated to performing * (7) (92) Transfer to assets held-for-sale - (5) Foreign exchange translation 38 (31) Balance at June 30 $941 $914 * Includes loans made performing following the restructuring of credit agreements. Financing Commitments The following table shows our outstanding financing commitments related to loans receivable by type: Jun Mar Dec Jun (in millions of Canadian dollars) Signed loan commitments 20,202 20,593 20,784 18,417 Letters of offer 6,249 4,125 3,756 3,899 Unallocated confirmed lines of credit Total financing commitments $26,574 $24,848 $24,652 $22,456 Allowance for Losses The following table shows the gross and net carrying amount of our loans receivable, loan commitments and loan guarantees: Jun Mar Dec Jun Gross carrying amount (1) 2017 (1) Net carrying amount Gross carrying amount Net carrying amount Gross carrying amount Net carrying amount Gross carrying amount Net carrying amount (in millions of Allowance Allowance Allowance Allowance Canadian dollars) for losses (2) for losses (2) for losses (2) for losses (2) Loans receivable 52,420 1,010 51,410 53,162 1,040 52,122 51,199 1,363 49,836 53,811 1,557 52,254 Loan commitments 20, ,182 20, ,563 20, ,770 18, ,348 Loan guarantees 2, ,691 2, ,595 2, ,481 2, ,502 Total $75,383 $1,100 $74,283 $76,390 $1,110 $75,280 $74,599 $1,512 $73,087 $74,838 $1,734 $73,104 (1) Prior period amounts have not been restated and are reported in accordance with IAS 39. (2) Includes allowance on other receivables of $4 million (March $2 million, December $4 million, and June $5 million). QUARTERLY FINANCIAL REPORT 21

23 The following tables reconcile the opening and closing allowance for losses on loans receivable, loan commitments and loan guarantees for the quarter ended June 30, Reconciling items include the allowance impact due to the following: The impact of transfers between stages before any corresponding remeasurement of allowance; Remeasurement of allowance as a result of transfers between stages and the impact of any credit risk rating changes, changes in model inputs, collateral values and assumptions that did not result in a transfer between stages; New originations during the period, which include newly disbursed loans, newly signed loan commitments, and newly signed loan guarantees and also include loan assets that were originated due to recognition following a modification; Net disbursements or repayments and maturities, which include loan disbursements and repayments on existing loans receivable, loan commitments and loan guarantees and include loan assets that were derecognized due to a modification; Write-off of assets deemed uncollectible; and Effect of changes in foreign exchange rates. 22 EXPORT DEVELOPMENT CANADA

24 Changes to the allowance for losses on loans receivable, loan commitments and loan guarantees as at and for the three months ended June 30 and March 31, as well as the six months ended June 30 were as follows: Three months ended Three months ended Six months ended Jun 30 Mar 31 Jun (in millions of Canadian dollars) Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Total Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Total Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Total Loans receivable Balance at beginning of period , , ,024 Provision for (reversal of) credit losses Transfer to stage 1 24 (24) (20) (4) - 48 (44) (4) - Transfer to stage 2 (14) (3) (17) Transfer to stage 3 - (2) (1) (3) 3 - Remeasurements (20) - 11 (9) (22) (11) 17 (16) (42) (11) 28 (25) New originations Net repayments and maturities (3) (8) (1) (12) (13) (11) (2) (26) (16) (19) (3) (38) Total provision for (reversal of) credit losses 14 (16) (38) 23 (12) 17 (54) 38 1 Write-offs - - (56) (56) (56) (56) Foreign exchange translation Balance at end of period , , ,010 Loan commitments Balance at beginning of period Provision for (reversal of) credit losses Transfer to stage 1 2 (2) (2) - - Transfer to stage 2 (1) (1) (2) Remeasurements (4) (7) - (11) (3) New originations Total provision for (reversal of) credit losses (2) (8) - (10) (2) Balance at end of period Loan guarantees Balance at beginning of period Provision for (reversal of) credit losses Transfer to stage 1 3 (3) (2) (5) - - Transfer to stage 2 (5) (5) Transfer to stage 3 - (1) (1) 1 - Remeasurements (7) (13) (1) 4 (10) (20) New originations Net repayments and maturities (1) (13) (2) (16) - (1) (34) (35) (1) (14) (36) (51) Total provision for (reversal of) credit losses (7) (4) (30) (41) (5) 20 (26) (11) Foreign exchange translation Balance at end of period Total allowance for losses on loans receivable, loan commitments and loan guarantees $147 $396 $557 $1,100 $132 $394 $584 $1,110 $147 $396 $557 $1,100 QUARTERLY FINANCIAL REPORT 23

25 The following table reflects the movement in the allowance for losses on loans receivable, loan commitments and loan guarantees during the prior period: 2017 (3) Balance at Provision for (reversal of) Write- Foreign exchange Balance at (in millions of Canadian dollars) Jan 1 credit losses offs translation June 30 Loans receivable (1) 1, (15) (44) 1,557 Loan commitments 78 (7) - (2) 69 Loan guarantees (2) (1) 108 Total $1,735 $61 $(15) $(47) $1,734 (1) Includes allowance on other receivables of $5 million. (2) Included in the liability for loan guarantees. (3) Prior period amounts have not been restated and are reported in accordance with IAS 39. The following table shows the breakdown of our provision for (reversal of) credit losses for the prior periods: Three months ended Six months ended Jun Jun (in millions of Canadian dollars) Credit migration (24) 60 Changes in portfolio composition * 2 7 Increased concentration threshold - (6) Provision for (reversal of) credit losses $(22) $61 * Represents provision requirements (reversals) as a result of disbursements, new financing business facilitated and repayments. Also includes the impact of changes in collateral values for our secured loans as these impacts should be considered in conjunction with the impact of the repayments on these loans throughout the year. 24 EXPORT DEVELOPMENT CANADA